亞洲大學 108 年 《英文》
第 1 題
Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern of New Zealand on Thursday announced a national ban ____ all military-style semiautomatic weapons.
(A) under
(B) against
(C) to
(D) on
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核心觀念:介系詞搭配與語意
本題考查名詞 ban 的固定搭配。表示「對某事物的禁止」時,常用:
- a ban on + 名詞:對……的禁令
- ban + 名詞:禁止某事物
- impose a ban on + 名詞:對……實施禁令
題幹中的 a national ban ____ all military-style semiautomatic weapons,空格後接名詞片語,因此應填入與 ban 搭配的介系詞 on。
解題方法
題幹原文:
Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern of New Zealand on Thursday announced a national ban on all military-style semiautomatic weapons.
翻譯:
紐西蘭總理 Jacinda Ardern 於週四宣布,國家將禁止所有軍用樣式的半自動武器。
句型結構如下:
- announced:宣布
- a national ban:一項全國性的禁令
- on all military-style semiautomatic weapons:針對所有軍用樣式半自動武器
其中 on 引導禁令所針對的對象,構成固定搭配 a ban on weapons。
選項分析
(A) under
under 主要表示「在……之下」、「根據……規定」或「處於……狀態」。例如:
- under the table:在桌子底下
- under the law:依法
- under pressure:在壓力下
a ban under all military-style semiautomatic weapons 不符合 ban 的慣用搭配,且語意也不通,因此錯誤。
(B) against
against 可表示「反對」、「對抗」或「倚靠」。例如:
- fight against terrorism:對抗恐怖主義
- be against the proposal:反對這項提案
第 2 題
Automatic guns were used to kill 50 people at two mosques ____ Christchurch, New Zealand, last week.
(A) with
(B) on
(C) to
(D) in
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核心觀念
本題考查地點介系詞的用法:
- in + 城市、國家、區域:表示「在某城市、國家或較大範圍內」。
- at + 具體地點:表示「在某個特定場所」。
- on:主要表示「在……表面上」,也可表示日期或星期。
- to:表示方向或目的地,意為「向、到」。
- with:表示伴隨、使用工具或具有某種特徵。
句中已有 at two mosques 表示「在兩座清真寺」,空格後的 Christchurch, New Zealand 是城市與國家的名稱,因此應使用表示「位於某城市內」的 in。
解題方法
先找出句子的地點結構:
at two mosques ____ Christchurch, New Zealand
其中:
- at two mosques:在兩座清真寺
- in Christchurch, New Zealand:在紐西蘭基督城
完整句子為:
Automatic guns were used to kill 50 people at two mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand, last week.
翻譯:
上週,自動槍械被用來在紐西蘭基督城的兩座清真寺殺害 50 人。
選項分析
- (A) with
with 可表示「和……一起」、「用……工具」或「具有……特徵」,例如 cut with a knife(用刀切割)。本句需要表達清真寺位於基督城,並非「與基督城一起」或「使用基督城」,因此不合語意。
第 3 題
The Prime Minister confirmed, “It’s about all of us, it’s in the national interest and it’s ___ safety.”
(A) about
(B) behind
(C) behold
(D) where
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核心觀念
本題考查介系詞 about 的語意與固定搭配。
題幹中的句子以三個並列片語說明政策的重要性:
- about all of us:關乎我們所有人
- in the national interest:符合國家利益
- about safety:關乎安全
其中 about 可表示「關於、涉及、關乎」,常用於說明某件事的主題或所涉及的重要事項。
題幹定位與翻譯
關鍵句為:
“It’s about all of us, it’s in the national interest and it’s ___ safety.”
翻譯為:
「這關乎我們所有人,符合國家利益,而且關乎安全。」
句中三個部分都是在說明該議題的重要性,其中 it’s about safety 意為「這關乎安全」。
解題方法
先觀察空格後的名詞 safety,判斷需要填入能表達「與安全有關」的介系詞。
句型:
be about + 名詞
表示「與……有關、關乎……」。
因此:
It’s about safety.
這關乎安全。
將選項代入後,只有 about safety 能自然表達句意,且與前面的 about all of us 形成語意上的呼應。
選項分析
(A) about
about 作介系詞時,可表示「關於、涉及、關乎」。
- It’s about safety.
- 意思是「這關乎安全」。
符合句意與文法,為正確答案。
(B) behind
behind 是介系詞,主要表示「在……後面」,也可引申為「支持某人或某事的幕後力量」。
第 4 題
____ our surprise, the largest opposition party quickly said it supported the measures.
(A) To
(B) In
(C) With
(D) At
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核心觀念:固定片語與介系詞搭配
本題考「表達驚訝或意外結果的固定片語」:
to one’s surprise = 令某人驚訝的是;出乎某人意料的是
句型中的 to 並非單純表示方向,而是構成固定用法 to our surprise,修飾整個句子,表示後述事件帶來的結果令人驚訝。
題幹定位與翻譯
題幹原文:
____ our surprise, the largest opposition party quickly said it supported the measures.
填入 To 後:
To our surprise, the largest opposition party quickly said it supported the measures.
翻譯:
令我們驚訝的是,最大的反對黨很快表示支持這些措施。
句中 the largest opposition party 是「最大的反對黨」;既然是反對黨,卻表示支持這些措施,因此形成出乎意料的結果,正好搭配 to our surprise。
解題方法
先觀察空格後方的名詞片語 our surprise。英文中表示「令某人驚訝的是」時,使用:
常見搭配包括:
- to my surprise:令我驚訝的是
- to his surprise:令他驚訝的是
- to our surprise:令我們驚訝的是
- to everyone’s surprise:令每個人都驚訝的是
因此本題應填入 To。
選項分析
(A) To:正確
to our surprise 是固定片語,意思是「令我們驚訝的是」。整句語意通順,且符合文法與慣用搭配。
(B) In:錯誤
第 5 題
The Prime Minister assured that her goal was ____ eliminate from New Zealand the weapons that the killer used in Christchurch.
(A) to
(B) in
(C) for
(D) about
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核心觀念
本題考「不定詞作表語補語」的用法:
goal is to + 原形動詞
表示「目標是要……」。題幹中的主詞為 her goal,後面需要用不定詞片語說明這個目標的具體內容,因此應填 to:
her goal was to eliminate …
其中:
- to eliminate:消除、排除
- from New Zealand:從紐西蘭
- the weapons:這些武器
- that the killer used in Christchurch:兇手在基督城使用的
解題方法
先觀察空格後方的結構:
____ eliminate
eliminate 是原形動詞。前方主句為:
her goal was …
英文表達「某人的目標是要做某事」時,使用:
one’s goal is/was to + 原形動詞
套入題目:
her goal was to eliminate from New Zealand the weapons …
句意為:
她保證自己的目標是要將兇手在基督城使用的武器從紐西蘭消除。
因此空格填 to。
題幹定位與翻譯
題幹原文:
The Prime Minister assured that her goal was ____ eliminate from New Zealand the weapons that the killer used in Christchurch.
關鍵定位句為:
her goal was to eliminate
翻譯:
總理保證,她的目標是要將兇手在基督城使用的武器從紐西蘭消除。
選項分析
(A) to
正確。goal was to + 原形動詞 是標準句型,表示「目標是要做某事」。
例句:
His goal is to improve his English.
他的目標是改善英文能力。
(B) in
第 6 題
A: “Do you know what happened there?”
B:
(A) “Yes, it is too cold outside.”
(B) “Yes, I think you should know.”
(C) “No, let’s go ask someone.”
(D) “No, I saw you there last night.”
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核心觀念
本題考查「一般疑問句的適切回答」與語意連貫性。
題幹:
A: “Do you know what happened there?”
A:「你知道那裡發生了什麼事嗎?」
句型結構為:
- Do you know ...?:你知道……嗎?
- what happened there:那裡發生了什麼事
其中 what happened there 是嵌入在一般疑問句中的 wh-名詞子句,整句主要詢問的是「B 是否知道」,因此回答應先表達 Yes 或 No,並且內容要符合上下文。
關鍵單字與片語
- know:知道
- what:什麼
- happen:發生
- happened:發生了
- there:那裡
- outside:外面
- ask someone:詢問某人
- last night:昨晚
- I think:我認為
- should:應該
解題方法
先判斷問句的核心:
Do you know ...?
你知道……嗎?
這是以 Do 開頭的一般疑問句,最直接的回答方式是:
- Yes, I do. 是的,我知道。
- No, I don’t. 不,我不知道。
選項雖未完整使用 I do / I don’t,仍可透過後續內容表達相同語意。若回答 No,後面接「去詢問其他人」,語意自然:
No, let’s go ask someone.
不知道,我們去問問別人吧。
這表示 B 不知道發生了什麼事,因此建議尋求其他人的資訊,與題幹完全銜接。
題幹定位與翻譯
關鍵句是:
“Do you know what happened there?”
「你知道那裡發生了什麼事嗎?」
能合理接續這個問題的回答是:
“No, let’s go ask someone.”
「不知道,我們去問問別人吧。」
選項分析
第 7 題
A: “This is the team I am telling about yesterday.”
B:
(A) “Oh, now I know why you love them so much.”
(B) “Do you know where the team is located?”
(C) “Do you know the price of their new sportswear.”
(D) “Yeah, young girls love designer’s brands.”
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題幹翻譯與語意定位
- 題幹原文:
A: “This is the team I am telling about yesterday.”(註:題目原句為口語或命題瑕疵,標準時態與介係詞應為 “This is the team I was telling you about yesterday.”,意指「這就是我昨天跟你提過的那支隊伍。」)
B: 「______」 - 關鍵字詞解析:
- tell sb about sth(片語):告訴某人關於某事/向某人提及某事。
- team [tim](名詞):隊伍、球隊、團隊。
- sportswear [ˈspɔːrtswer](名詞):運動服裝。
- designer’s brand / designer brand(名詞片語):設計師品牌、名牌。
核心觀念
本題考查日常會話的語境邏輯與連貫性(Conversational Coherence & Contextual Logic)。
日常對話試題要求受話者(B)的回答必須針對發話者(A)提出的焦點話題作出合理、自然的情境回應。當說話者 A 興奮或主動地介紹、展示昨天熱烈討論的對象(這支隊伍)時,傾聽者 B 最合理的社交回應是對 A 昨天的分享產生共鳴或恍然大悟的理解。
解題方法
- 抓取語境焦點:A 主動向 B 介紹:「這就是我昨天跟你提過的那支隊伍(This is the team I am telling about yesterday.)。」對話焦點在於「A 昨天曾經向 B 提過這支隊伍,現在實地或透過畫面展示給 B 看」。
- 評估對話回應邏輯:
- 既然 A 昨天已經熱烈向 B 介紹過這支隊伍,B 此時看到實體或賽事表現,最自然的反應是「難怪你昨天那麼推崇/那麼喜歡他們」。
- 其餘選項若提出與前後語境矛盾的反問(如問地點、服裝價格)或完全偏離隊伍主題(扯到年輕女孩愛名牌),皆不符合上下文銜接原則。
第 8 題
A: “Do you know how to turn this machine on?”
B:
(A) “I can sell it as second-hand product on-line.”
(B) “Please turn it on for me.”
(C) “Try this new model. You’re going to love it.”
(D) “Do you try the red button on top?”
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核心觀念
本題測驗日常生活情境中的英語對話邏輯(Conversational Logic)與回應策略。題幹中 A 提出求助詢問(請求指引機器操作方式),B 的回應必須在語用學(Pragmatics)上符合上下文的連貫性與合作原則(Grice's Cooperative Principle),提供合理的建議、推銷、或解決方案。
關鍵單字與片語解析
- turn on(片語動詞):開啟(電器、設備等)。例:turn this machine on(打開這台機器)。
- second-hand(形容詞):二手的。
- on-line / online(副詞):在線上、透過網路。
- model(名詞):機型、型號。
題幹定位與翻譯
- 題幹引文:
A: “Do you know how to turn this machine on?”
(A:「你知道怎麼開這台機器嗎?」)
- 語境剖析:A 不會操作或無法啟動眼前的設備,向 B 尋求指導或替代方案。B 的回應應針對「無法啟動/操作問題」給予適當的回覆。
選項分析
-
(A) “I can sell it as second-hand product on-line.”(我可以把它當作二手商品在網路上賣掉。)
錯誤。A 的提問是尋求操作指引(如何開啟機器),B 卻無端提議拿去網拍轉售,完全脫離當前「詢問操作方法」的對話焦點,語意不連貫且不合常理。 -
(B) “Please turn it on for me.”(請幫我把它打開。)
錯誤。A 原本就是因為不知道如何開啟機器才向 B 求助,B 反過來要求 A「幫我打開」,邏輯顛倒且矛盾。
第 9 題
A: “What’s wrong with Melissa today?”
B:
(A) “She looks very pretty recently.”
(B) “I think she got promoted.”
(C) “I am sure that she always orders fried fish.”
(D) “She said she has a cold.”
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核心觀念
本題考查日常英語對話中的情境回應與習慣用語(Contextual Dialogue Response)。核心在於掌握句型 “What’s wrong with...?” 的語用功能(Pragmatic function)與語意限制。
- 關鍵句型解析:
- “What’s wrong with + 人/物?”:意為「某人/某事物怎麼了?/出了什麼問題?」。此句型通常用於察覺對方外表異樣、氣色不佳、情緒低落或設備故障時的關切與詢問,帶有預設「有負面問題、不適或困擾」的語氣。
- 回答時必須針對「所發生的問題、負面狀況或不舒服的原因」作答(例如身體不適、情緒低落、遭遇困難等)。
解題方法
- 分析題幹情境與語意:
- 題幹引文:
A: “What’s wrong with Melissa today?” - 翻譯:A:「梅莉莎(Melissa)今天怎麼了/哪裡不舒服嗎?」
- 切入點:A 發出詢問時,預設 Melissa 今日有某種異常或負面狀況。因此,對話回應者 B 必須提供合理的負面原因或問題說明。
- 語意匹配與排除:
- 比對四個選項的情感色彩與內容關聯性,排除帶有正面情緒、升遷好事或無關飲食習慣的干擾項,鎖定能夠直接回答「身體不適/出狀況」的選項。
關鍵單字與片語
- What’s wrong with...(片語):……怎麼了?(詢問問題或不適)
- recently(副詞):最近、近來
- get promoted(動詞片語):獲得升遷、升職
- order(動詞):點餐、訂購
- have a cold(動詞片語):感冒
選項分析
- (A) “She looks very pretty recently.”【錯誤】
- 中譯:「她最近看起來很漂亮。」
第 10 題
A: “Would you like anything for dessert?”
B:
(A) “I’ll take double cheese hamburger.”
(B) “I’d like to know the choices I can have.”
(C) “I am quite sure that coffee should be served after dinner.”
(D) “I’ll have French fries.”
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核心觀念
本題考「餐廳點餐情境中的語意判斷」,重點是理解問句與答句之間是否具有合理的語意關聯。
題幹:
“Would you like anything for dessert?”
「您想要一些什麼甜點嗎?」
其中:
- Would you like...?:您想要……嗎?用於禮貌地詢問或提供選擇。
- anything:任何東西;用於疑問句時表示「什麼東西」。
- for dessert:作為甜點、當甜點吃。
- dessert:甜點,飯後食用的蛋糕、冰淇淋、水果等食物。
因此,回答內容應該與「甜點的選擇」或「是否想吃甜點」有關。
解題方法
先判斷 A 的功能。A 是餐廳服務生詢問顧客:
“Would you like anything for dessert?”
「您想要一些甜點嗎?」
合理的回答通常包括:
- 說明想吃哪一種甜點;
- 詢問有哪些甜點可供選擇;
- 表示不需要甜點。
四個選項中,只有 (B) 詢問可選的餐點種類,且語意上能直接接續「甜點」的話題,因此選 (B)。
選項分析
(A) “I’ll take double cheese hamburger.”
意思是:「我要雙層起司漢堡。」
- I’ll take...:我點……;餐廳點餐時常用。
- double cheese hamburger:雙層起司漢堡。
漢堡屬於主餐,不是 dessert(甜點)。題目已經進入詢問甜點的階段,因此回答漢堡與問句不相符。
**錯誤原因:**語意不符合「甜點」的情境。
(B) “I’d like to know the choices I can have.”
意思是:「我想知道我可以選擇哪些東西。」
- I’d like to... 是 I would like to... 的縮寫,表示「我想要……」,語氣禮貌。
- know:知道。
- choices:可選擇的項目、選擇。
- I can have:我可以享用/選擇的。
這句話是在詢問餐廳有哪些甜點可供選擇,能合理回應服務生的問題。
雖然更自然的說法可以是:
第 11 題
A: “Do you know what time the train arrives?”
B:
(A) “It usually departs in time.”
(B) “No, I enjoy the trip.”
(C) “Well, according to what they said, it has been delayed due to an accident.”
(D) “Do you mean the car I just bought?”
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核心觀念
本題考查「日常對話中的問答邏輯」與「疑問詞問句的語意對應」。
A 問:
“Do you know what time the train arrives?”
你知道火車幾點抵達嗎?
其中:
- what time:詢問「幾點、什麼時間」
- the train arrives:火車抵達
- arrive:抵達
- depart:出發、離站
- be delayed:被延誤
- due to:因為、由於
- accident:事故
答句應與「火車抵達時間」或「火車是否能依時抵達」有直接關聯。
解題方法
先判斷問句的核心:
Do you know what time the train arrives?
你知道火車幾點抵達嗎?
這是在詢問火車的抵達時間。理想回答可以是具體時間,例如:
It arrives at 3:00 p.m.
它下午三點抵達。
若不知道確切時間,也可以提供與抵達狀況有關的重要資訊,例如火車因事故延誤。因此,選項中必須選出最符合對話情境、且能合理回應火車抵達狀況的句子。
(C) 表示火車因事故而延誤,說明原本的抵達時間已受到影響,與題幹的「火車何時抵達」直接相關,故為正確答案。
選項分析
(A) “It usually departs in time.”
意思是:
它通常準時出發。
此句有兩個問題:
- departs 是「出發」,題幹詢問的是 arrives「抵達」,動作不同。
- usually 表示「通常」,只能說明一般情況,沒有回答火車這一次幾點抵達。
此外,in time 通常表示「及時」,而表示按照預定時間「準時」更常用 on time。本句與題幹的關聯性不足,錯誤。
(B) “No, I enjoy the trip.”
意思是:
不,我喜歡這趟旅程。
題幹詢問的是是否知道火車抵達時間,回答應提供時間資訊,或說明是否掌握火車抵達狀況。
本句談的是說話者是否喜歡旅程,與火車抵達時間毫無關聯,因此錯誤。
(C) “Well, according to what they said, it has been delayed due to an accident.”
意思是:
嗯,根據他們所說的,它因為一場事故而延誤了。
本句中的:
第 12 題
A: “Looks like it’ll be another rainy day.”
B:
(A) “Not at all, we all love rainy days.”
(B) “Oops! It’s been three days in a row.”
(C) “Seriously, the sun is setting.”
(D) “Great! I want to have barbecue with beer.”
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核心觀念
本題考查日常對話中的「語意連貫」與「上下文回應」。
A 說:
“Looks like it’ll be another rainy day.”
看起來今天又會是下雨天。
其中:
- look like + 子句:看起來……
- it’ll = it will,表示未來可能發生的事。
- another:另一個、又一個。
- rainy day:下雨天。
- in a row:連續地、接連幾次。
A 的語氣是在觀察天氣,並帶有「又要下雨了」的感受。B 應接續這個話題,對連續下雨表達自然反應。
解題方法
先抓住題幹中的關鍵語意:
another rainy day
又一個下雨天
這表示近期已經下過雨,今天似乎又要下雨。因此,最合理的回應應該是:
It’s been three days in a row.
已經連續三天了。
此句補充了「又一個下雨天」的具體情況,與 A 的天氣觀察形成自然且連貫的對話。
選項分析
(A) “Not at all, we all love rainy days.”
Not at all 常表示「一點也不」「完全不是這樣」,通常用於否定對方的說法或回應道謝。
本句翻譯為:
一點也不,我們大家都喜歡下雨天。
A 只是在說「看起來又要下雨」,並沒有表示下雨令人不悅,因此用 Not at all 來否定並不自然。後半句雖然文法正確,但與題幹缺乏直接的語意銜接,故不選。
(B) “Oops! It’s been three days in a row.”
第 13 題
A: “I think this is cheaper at a different store.”
B:
(A) “I’d like to work at that store.”
(B) “I cannot guarantee you this.”
(C) “Is this the latest mobile phone?”
(D) “We could try again some other time.”
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核心觀念
本題考查日常對話中的「語意連貫」與「情境回應」。判斷答句時,必須注意:
- 是否回應甲方提出的資訊。
- 是否符合購物情境。
- 是否在語意與文法上自然。
- 是否能與前一句形成合理的對話關係。
題幹中 A 表示:「我想這個在別家店比較便宜。」這句話暗示目前這家店的價格較高,購買者可以改天再買,或到其他商店比較價格。
解題方法
定位答案的關鍵句是:
“I think this is cheaper at a different store.”
「我想這個在別家店比較便宜。」
句中的關鍵語意是:
- cheaper:比較便宜的
- at a different store:在另一家商店
- I think...:我想……、我認為……
A 並非詢問商品種類、工作意願或保證,而是在表達「目前這家店價格不划算」的看法。因此,合適的答句應該承接「先不買、改天再試」的購物決定。
選項分析
(A) “I’d like to work at that store.”
意思是:「我想在那家店工作。」
- I’d like to 是 I would like to 的縮寫,表示「我想要……」。
- 這個選項談的是在那家店工作的意願。
- 題幹談的是商品價格,兩者主題不一致,因此不符合語境。
(B) “I cannot guarantee you this.”
意思是:「我無法向你保證這件事。」
- guarantee 是「保證」。
- 這個答句適用於對方要求承諾或保證的情境。
- A 只是在比較價格,沒有要求任何保證,因此語意銜接不自然。
(C) “Is this the latest mobile phone?”
意思是:「這是最新款的手機嗎?」
第 14 題
A: “Isn’t that news terrible?”
B:
(A) “Yes, I can’t believe it.”
(B) “Yeah, terrible taste of fashion.”
(C) “I know, it is just too perfect to be true.”
(D) “Are you kidding me? She told me she enjoys working here.”
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【答案】A
解題依據
A 說「這消息太糟了嗎?」B 應表達同感或震驚;A 的 “Yes, I can’t believe it” 正是認同消息令人難以置信的自然回應。
第 15 題
A: “What’s your plan this weekend?”
B:
(A) “What weekend? Like I have one.”
(B) “Yeah, I hate seeing horror movies alone.”
(C) “You know, this topic is too sensitive.”
(D) “I’d rather work harder when I was younger.”
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【答案】A
第 16 題
A: “John just came back from his business trip.”
B:
(A) “I’d like to know his report as soon as possible.”
(B) “People say you can’t go home again.”
(C) “You just need to see it to feel it.”
(D) “Cool. This is totally unbelievable.”
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【答案】A
解題依據
對方剛結束商務旅行,A 說想盡快聽取他的報告,符合旅行後可能談工作內容的情境。
第 17 題
A: “You know. Kids these years are more interested in their games than talking to their parents.”
B:
(A) “Tell me about it.”
(B) “You have to believe this.”
(C) “Medium rare. That’s the way to properly enjoy it.”
(D) “A rolling stone gathers no moss.”
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【答案】A
第 18 題
A: “With your cooperation, I believe we can win the trophy.”
B:
(A) “A good man is hard to find, as always.”
(B) “You can’t judge a book from its cover.”
(C) “That’s a flatter. Let’s work it out together.”
(D) “You simply blow me away.”
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【答案】C
解題依據
A 稱「有你的合作我們能贏獎盃」,B 的回應應接住稱讚並回到共同努力;C 後半句邀請一起努力,最符合對話功能。
第 19 題
A: “Did you see the latest cartoon hero movie?”
B:
(A) “I work so hard in the morning.”
(B) “I am tired of staying up so late.”
(C) “Most definitely. I don’t want to miss any of these.”
(D) “You simply blow me away.”
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【答案】C
第 20 題
A: “My boss is so nice that he sends us for a holiday.”
B:
(A) “I am so jealous of you.”
(B) “You have to believe this.”
(C) “Well, that depends.”
(D) “What’s the meaning of life?”
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【答案】A
第 21 題
Now, ____ the wake of the two deadly crashes involving the same jet model, Boeing will make
one of those safety features standard as part of a fix to get the planes in the air again.
(A) in (B) at (C) for (D) with
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【答案】A
解題依據
固定片語是 “in the wake of” 表示「在……之後/受到……影響」。句子說 Boeing 在兩起空難後採取修正措施。
第 22 題
Investigators are looking at whether a new software system added to avoid stalls in Boeing’s 737
Max series may have been partly ____ blame.
(A) to (B) in (C) for (D) at
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【答案】A
解題依據
固定結構為 “be partly to blame” (部分應負責)。空格後直接接 blame,故需 to。
第 23 題
When the software system detects that the plane is pointing up at a dangerous angle, it can
automatically push down the nose of the plane ____ an effort to prevent the plane from stalling.
(A) in (B) at (C) for (D) to
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本題未查得官方答案,以下為依題意推導的參考解答。
【答案】A
解題依據
“in an effort to prevent...” 是「為了避免……而努力」的固定片語,空格填 in。
第 24 題
Boeing will soon update the software, and will also make the safety mechanism a standard
protocol _____ all new airplanes.
(A) within (B) above (C) upon (D) in
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【答案】D
解題依據
句意是把安全機制納入所有新飛機的標準規範;“a protocol in all new airplanes” 表示適用於這些飛機。
第 25 題
Insurers have warned that climate change could make affordable cover ____ ordinary people
unaffordable.
(A) over (B) within (C) in (D) for
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【答案】D
解題依據
“cover for ordinary people” 指一般民眾可取得的保險保障;句意是氣候變遷可能使這類保障變得負擔不起。
第 26 題
Climate change was responsible for the majority of under-reported humanitarian ____ last year.
(A) detours (B) detergents (C) detachments (D) disasters
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【答案】D
解題依據
“humanitarian disasters” 是人道災難的自然搭配;極端氣候造成災害。
第 27 題
In Madagascar, more than a million people went hungry as corn and rice fields withered under
_______ and severe El Niño conditions.
(A) drought (B) flood (C) storm (D) rain
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【答案】A
解題依據
田地在強烈聖嬰條件下枯萎且造成飢餓,與 drought(乾旱)搭配合理。
第 28 題
Climate change has long had its fingerprints over untold killer floods, droughts and famines.
Unfortunately the people being ______ to the climate crisis are those least responsible for it.
(A) sanctioned (B) sanitized (C) segregated (D) sacrificed
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【答案】D
解題依據
句意說最少應為氣候危機負責的人,反而承受其後果;選項中 sacrificed(被犧牲)最符合。
第 29 題
Around the world, extreme weather events claimed about 5,000 lives in 2018, and left almost 29
million people in need of humanitarian aid and ______ assistance.
(A) embargo (B) emergent (C) contingent (D) eminent
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【答案】B
解題依據
前文說極端天氣造成死亡並使數百萬人需要人道援助;空格需修飾 assistance,B emergent 在此被用作緊急、迫切的意思。
第 30 題
One of the world’s leading climate scientists, Prof Michael Mann, described ________ extreme
weather events as “the face of climate change”.
(A) accelerating (B) accumulating (C) aesthetic (D) anesthesia
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【答案】A
解題依據
科學家把極端天氣事件稱為氣候變遷的表徵;accelerating 表事件頻率或強度正在加速增加,語意最合。
第 31 題
Alice sat at her desk in their bedroom ________ by the sound of John racing through each of the
rooms on the first floor.
(A) discharged (B) dismantled (C) distracted (D) dislocated
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【答案】C
解題依據
Alice 被 John 在樓下奔跑的聲音影響,句型是 “be distracted by” 表示「被……分心」。
第 32 題
Alice needed to finish her peer review of a paper _______ to the Journal of Veterinary Science
before her flight.
(A) submission (B) submitted (C) submit (D) to be submitted
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【答案】B
解題依據
paper 已提交給期刊,需用過去分詞作後置修飾語:a paper submitted to the journal。
第 33 題
Out of frustration, she ______ her pen onto the desk and sighed.
(A) tossed (B) flossed (C) toasted (D) crossed
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本題未查得官方答案,以下為依題意推導的參考解答。
【答案】A
解題依據
「因挫折把筆扔到桌上」用 tossed。
第 34 題
She followed his students’ frantic glance to the clock hanging on the wall, where the antique
valued for its precision, __________ 8:00.
(A) denounced (B) dismissed (C) decreased (D) declared
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【答案】D
解題依據
句意是鐘顯示 8:00;declared 可引申為「宣告/報出」時間。
第 35 題
He should have _______ better to trust it.
(A) known (B) knew (C) know (D) knowed
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【答案】A
解題依據
“should have + 過去分詞” 表示本應做某事;know 的過去分詞是 known。
第 36 題
His watch was precise. The clock in his room, in contrast, _____ knew the real time of the day.
(A) rarely (B) boldly (C) eagerly (D) urgently
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【答案】A
第 37 題
Jason stood in the doorway, _______ at his new car in the parking lot but not his kids.
(A) to be looked (B) locked (C) look (D) looking
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【答案】D
解題依據
Jason 站在門口,正看著停車場的新車;“stood..., looking at...” 用現在分詞表示伴隨動作。
第 38 題
Jason grabbed his keys as like a relay runner _______ a baton in a race and headed for the car
door.
(A) to be taken (B) taking (C) toke (D) to take
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【答案】B
解題依據
句子比喻 Jason 抓鑰匙的動作,就像接力跑者正在接棒;taking 是伴隨動作的現在分詞。
第 39 題
She caught her ______ in the hallway mirror—a distinguished looking, tall woman with
white-flecked dark hair and glasses, a pretty, curly-haired woman.
(A) inflation (B) reflection (C) association (D) affiliation
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【答案】B
解題依據
人在鏡子裡看到的是自己的 reflection(倒影)。
第 40 題
He watched her ______ down the street alone, without saying good-bye.
(A) frizzle (B) hustle (C) whistle (D) sizzle
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【答案】B
解題依據
“hustle down the street” 表匆忙快速地沿街走;她獨自離開且未道別,語意相符。
第 41 題
They used to walk to the park together. Of the so many things she loved about walking with him, their shared ________ was the thing she loved most.
(A) conflict
(B) controversy
(C) commute
(D) control
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核心觀念
本題考「字義判斷與語境搭配」。解題重點是根據前文的動作與情境,選出能表示「兩人一起往返某處的行程」的名詞。
關鍵句為:
They used to walk to the park together.
他們以前常一起走路去公園。
由「walk to the park together」可知,兩人共享的是一起前往公園的「通勤/往返行程」,因此應選 commute。
句中 used to + 原形動詞 表示「過去經常……,但現在已不一定如此」;together 則明確表示兩人共同進行這段路程。
解題方法
先觀察空格前的修飾語:
their shared ________
shared 表示「共同的、共享的」,後面需要接一個可以由兩人共同擁有或共同進行的名詞。
再回到前一句尋找線索:
walk to the park together
這段話描述兩人一起走去公園的固定往返路程。因此,空格應填入表示「往返某地的行程」的 commute。
完整句意為:
Of the so many things she loved about walking with him, their shared commute was the thing she loved most.
在她喜歡和他一起走路的諸多事情中,她最喜歡的就是兩人共同走這段路的時光。
其中 commute 最常指「居家與工作地點或學校之間的固定往返」,也可延伸表示固定的通勤路程或往返行程。本題雖然目的地是公園,不是工作地點或學校,但四個選項中只有 commute 能合理表示兩人共同進行的路程。
選項分析
(A) conflict
conflict 是「衝突、爭執;抵觸」。
例如:
- a conflict between two countries
兩國之間的衝突 - a conflict of interest
利益衝突
shared conflict 可理解為「共同面對的衝突」,但前文只說兩人一起走去公園,沒有提到爭吵、對立或困難,因此與語境不符。
(B) controversy
controversy 是「爭議、 विवाद性議題」,通常指引起許多人爭論的公共議題或事件。
例如:
- a political controversy
政治爭議 - The decision caused considerable controversy.
這項決定引起相當大的爭議。
第 42 題
When they were first married, they even held hands walking. She savored the relaxed ________ of these morning walks with him.
(A) intensity
(B) introduction
(C) intimacy
(D) intimidation
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核心觀念
本題考「字義辨析」與「語境搭配」。空格位於形容詞 relaxed 後方,需填入名詞,描述夫妻早晨散步時所享受的感受。
關鍵線索是:
- When they were first married
- They even held hands walking
- with him
這些內容共同營造出夫妻之間親密、自在的相處氛圍,因此答案應選表示「親密、親近」的名詞。
定位答案的原文與翻譯
題幹關鍵句:
She savored the relaxed ________ of these morning walks with him.
翻譯:
她享受與他一起晨間散步時那種輕鬆而親密的感覺。
其中 held hands(牽手)與 with him(與他一起)明確指出夫妻之間的親密關係,最符合 intimacy。
解題方法
先判斷詞性:
- relaxed 是形容詞。
- 空格前有形容詞,空格後接介系詞片語 of these morning walks,因此空格應填名詞。
- 四個選項皆為名詞,但必須進一步依語意判斷。
再利用上下文:
- 「新婚時甚至會牽手走路」呈現夫妻間的親近。
- savor 表示「細細品味、享受」,通常搭配令人愉快的感受。
- relaxed intimacy 表示「輕鬆自在的親密感」,與夫妻共同散步的情境自然搭配。
因此答案為 intimacy。
選項分析
(A) intensity:強烈、強度
指情緒、感覺或活動的強烈程度,例如:
- the intensity of the pain
疼痛的強烈程度 - the intensity of the competition
比賽的激烈程度
「輕鬆的強烈程度」與牽手散步的溫馨情境不合,故錯誤。
(B) introduction:介紹、引言、導入
指把某人介紹給他人,或文章、演講的開頭,例如:
第 43 題
He loves to finish his coffee alone before the daily demands of his jobs and ambitions rendered them each stressed and _______.
(A) exiled
(B) exhibited
(C) inhaled
(D) exhausted
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核心觀念
本題考:
- 字義與語意判斷
- 平行結構
- render + 受詞 + 受詞補語的句型
句中結構為:
rendered them each stressed and _______
其中 stressed 與空格形成平行結構,兩者都應填入描述「人處於何種狀態」的形容詞。依照語意,日常工作與抱負的壓力會使人感到「緊張且精疲力竭」。
exhausted 意為「筋疲力竭的、精疲力盡的」,最符合上下文。
解題方法
先觀察空格前的字:
stressed and _______
stressed 是形容詞,表示「感到壓力的、緊張的」。由 and 連接的兩個成分,通常必須具備相同的詞性與相近的語意,因此空格應填入另一個描述身心狀態的形容詞。
再分析句型:
render + 受詞 + 受詞補語
例如:
- The pressure rendered him nervous.
壓力使他變得緊張。 - The long journey rendered her exhausted.
漫長的旅程使她筋疲力竭。
本句中:
daily demands ... rendered them each stressed and exhausted
意為「日常生活的要求使他們每個人都感到緊張而精疲力竭」。因此答案為 exhausted。
題幹定位與翻譯
定位答案的關鍵句為:
He loves to finish his coffee alone before the daily demands of his jobs and ambitions rendered them each stressed and exhausted.
翻譯:
在日常工作與抱負的要求使他們每個人都感到緊張且筋疲力竭之前,他喜歡獨自喝完咖啡。
句中 stressed and exhausted 是描述人在壓力下的身心狀態,兩者語意搭配自然:
- stressed:感到壓力、緊張
- exhausted:精疲力竭
題幹中的 them 指涉受到工作與抱負影響的人;雖然句子的代名詞指涉略顯不自然,但不影響空格應填入表示「疲憊狀態」的字。
選項分析
(A) exiled
exiled 意為「被放逐的、遭流放的」。
exile 通常指被迫離開自己的國家或所在地,例如:
- He was exiled from his country.
他被放逐出自己的國家。
若填入句中:
stressed and exiled
第 44 題
Her comments and suggestions for the revision finished, she _______ and sealed the envelope, guiltily aware that her honest review may lead to rejection of this paper.
(A) paralleled
(B) paced
(C) parked
(D) packaged
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核心觀念
本題測驗重點為「動詞詞彙辨析(動詞與受詞搭配)」及「獨立分詞構句與句意連貫」。
- 動詞與名詞搭配(Collocation & Context):空格處需要一個及物動詞,與後方的連詞
and及另一個動詞sealed(密封)形成對稱結構,共同接受受詞the envelope(信封)。在動作順序上,先將信件等內容物包裝/裝入信封,接著將信封封口,屬於合理的客觀動作序列。 - 文法結構:
- 句首
Her comments and suggestions for the revision finished, ...為獨立分詞構句(Absolute Construction),邏輯主詞為Her comments and suggestions for the revision,因動作已完成,省略了being或having been,表「當她對該論文修改稿的審查意見與建議完成後」。 - 主句主詞為
she,謂語由對等連接詞and連接兩個過去式動詞:_______ and sealed the envelope。 - 後方接形容詞片語作補語
guiltily aware that...,修飾主詞she的心理狀態。
解題方法
- 定位關鍵句子與翻譯:
- 原文:Her comments and suggestions for the revision finished, she _______ and sealed the envelope, guiltily aware that her honest review may lead to rejection of this paper.
- 句意翻譯:「她針對修改稿的評論與建議寫完後,便裝好封袋並密封了信封,同時心中帶有罪惡感地意識到,她坦率誠實的審查意見可能會導致這篇論文被退稿。」
- 分析語境與動作連貫性:
- 審查委員(reviewer)寫完了評語(comments and suggestions),接下來的動作是把評語與稿件裝妥、封信(packaged and sealed the envelope),再寄交編輯部。
第 45 題
She repacked her suitcase, not even ________ yet from her last trip. She looked forward to traveling less in the upcoming months.
(A) emptied
(B) embezzled
(C) enveloped
(D) enzyme
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【亞洲大學 108 年學士後獸醫學系招生考試《英文》第 45 題詳解】
核心觀念
本題測驗重點為單字字義搭配與分詞構句(被動分詞)。
- 分詞構句結構:
原句「..., not even ________ yet from her last trip.」為修飾前方名詞「her suitcase(她的行李箱)」的補充說明結構(可視為非限定分詞片語或關係子句化簡:which was not even [emptied] yet...)。由於行李箱與動作的關係為「被清空」,空格處需填入及物動詞的過去分詞()以表被動。 - 單字語意與動賓搭配(Collocation):
題幹描述主角再次打包行李箱(repacked her suitcase),因此空格所接的動作必須與「處理行李箱物品」相符,即「清空、騰出空間(empty a suitcase)」。
解題方法
- 分析題幹文意與定位句:
- 原文:“She repacked her suitcase, not even ________ yet from her last trip. She looked forward to traveling less in the upcoming months.”
- 中譯:「她重新打包了行李箱,上次旅行用完甚至都還沒清空。她期盼在接下來的幾個月裡能減少出差旅行。」
- 前後文邏輯推理:
- 前半句提到「repacked her suitcase(重新打包行李箱)」,後半句補充「not even ______ yet from her last trip(從上次旅行回來甚至還沒……)」。
- 在常理上,重新打包之前通常需要先「倒空、清空」前次旅途留下來的舊物品。若「連前一次的行李都還沒清空就又得重新打包」,正好與下一句「期盼未來能減少旅行」的疲累心情相呼應。
- 由此可精確鎖定空格動詞必定為「清空(empty)」,以過去分詞形式 呈現被動態。
選項分析
- (A) emptied(正確)
- 詞性與字義:動詞 的過去分詞,意為「清空、倒空、騰出」。
- 說明: 為標準的英文動賓搭配,意指「倒空行李箱裡的衣物與用品」。以過去分詞修飾 ,表示「行李箱尚未被清空」,語法與語意皆完全吻合。
第 46 題
Apart from maintaining personal hygiene, if travelers to China display influenza-like symptoms, they should notify the relevant airline company and disease ______staff at the point of entry.
(A) inspection
(B) insufficiency
(C) insurance
(D) insecurity
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核心觀念
本題測驗「字彙語意辨析」與「複合名詞(名詞作修飾語)的慣用語境搭配」。
句中空格前為名詞 disease(疾病),後接名詞 staff(人員),空格處需填入一個能與前後構成合乎公共衛生與防疫專業語境的名詞。在入境口岸(point of entry),針對流感樣症狀(influenza-like symptoms)的通報對象,必然是負責疾病檢查、檢疫或防檢的公衛專業人員。
題幹解析與中譯
- 題幹原文:
"Apart from maintaining personal hygiene, if travelers to China display influenza-like symptoms, they should notify the relevant airline company and disease ______ staff at the point of entry."
- 結構分析:
Apart from maintaining personal hygiene(介系詞片語作修飾語,意為「除了維持個人衛生之外」)。if travelers to China display influenza-like symptoms(條件副詞子句:若前往中國的旅客出現類流感症狀)。they should notify [the relevant airline company] and [disease ______ staff] at the point of entry(主要子句:他們應在入境點通報相關航空公司及疾病……人員)。- 完整中譯:
除了維持個人衛生之外,若前往中國的旅客出現類流感症狀,應在入境口岸主動通報相關航空公司以及疾病檢驗/檢疫人員。
選項分析
- (A) inspection(名詞:檢查、檢驗、視察):正確。
- 與前後名詞組合為 disease inspection staff,指「疾病檢查/檢疫人員」。
第 47 題
In the face of the threat posed by the H7N9 bird flu virus, the Department of Health has _______ necessary prevention measures and designated the virus as a category 5 notifiable disease.
(A) enclosed
(B) implemented
(C) implanted
(D) impacted
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核心觀念
本題考查「動詞與名詞的語意搭配」,尤其是公共衛生語境中表示「採取、執行措施」的正式用語。
句型為:
the Department of Health has _______ necessary prevention measures
主詞為 the Department of Health,空格前有助動詞 has,因此空格應填入過去分詞,構成現在完成式 has + 過去分詞。
「執行必要的預防措施」最自然的英文搭配是:
implement measures
實施措施、執行措施
因此答案為 implemented。
解題方法
先判斷文法:
四個選項的形式皆可視為過去分詞,因此文法不是主要區別,必須進一步判斷語意與搭配。
再觀察名詞片語 necessary prevention measures:
- prevention measures:預防措施
- 可與其自然搭配的動詞是 implement,表示「實施、執行」
- 完整語意為:「衛生主管機關已實施必要的預防措施,並將該病毒指定為第五類法定傳染病。」
題幹定位與翻譯
題幹關鍵句為:
In the face of the threat posed by the H7N9 bird flu virus, the Department of Health has implemented necessary prevention measures and designated the virus as a category 5 notifiable disease.
翻譯:
面對 H7N9 禽流感病毒所造成的威脅,衛生主管機關已實施必要的預防措施,並將該病毒指定為第五類法定傳染病。
其中 implemented necessary prevention measures 是判斷答案的核心搭配。
選項分析
(A) enclosed
enclose 意為「包住、圍住、附入」,過去分詞 enclosed。
常見用法:
- enclose a document:附上文件
- enclose an area:圍住一個區域
- be enclosed by walls:被牆壁包圍
enclosed necessary prevention measures 意為「包住必要的預防措施」,不符合公共衛生措施的語意,也不是自然搭配,因此錯誤。
(B) implemented
implement 意為「實施、執行、落實」,過去分詞為 implemented。
常見搭配:
第 48 題
Outbreaks of SARS and bird flu have in the past severely impacted the nation, but the government will draw on the experiences learned from those painful incidents in _______ H7N9.
(A) confronting
(B) conglomating
(C) consisting
(D) consulting
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核心觀念
本題考查:
- 動詞與語境的搭配。
- 介系詞 in 後接動名詞(V-ing)的用法。
- 四個選項的字義辨析。
句型為:
draw on the experiences learned from those painful incidents in confronting H7N9
其中 in + V-ing 表示「在……時、在……方面」,因此空格需要填入能與 H7N9 直接搭配、且符合「面對疫情」語意的動名詞。
關鍵單字與片語
- outbreak:爆發;疫情
- SARS:嚴重急性呼吸道症候群,俗稱嚴重急性呼吸道症候群
- bird flu:禽流感
- severely impact:嚴重影響
- nation:國家
- draw on:利用;借助
- experience:經驗
- painful incident:痛苦的事件
- confront:面對;處理;對抗
- confronting:面對;處理
- conglomate:聚集成團;合併成一體
- consist:由……組成
- consult:諮詢;請教
解題方法
先掌握句子的主要結構:
the government will draw on the experiences ... in _______ H7N9
draw on 表示「運用、借助」,政府會「運用過去的經驗來面對 H7N9」。因此空格後的動詞必須能直接接受詞 H7N9,並且語意應為「面對疫情」。
confront 是及物動詞,後面可直接接疾病、危機或問題:
- confront H7N9:面對 H7N9
- confront a crisis:面對危機
- confront a serious problem:處理嚴重問題
由於 in 是介系詞,後面接動名詞,因此使用 confronting:
in confronting H7N9
在面對 H7N9 時;在處理 H7N9 方面
定位答案的原文與翻譯
題幹關鍵句為:
Outbreaks of SARS and bird flu have in the past severely impacted the nation, but the government will draw on the experiences learned from those painful incidents in confronting H7N9.
翻譯:
過去 SARS 和禽流感的爆發曾嚴重影響這個國家,但政府將借助從那些痛苦事件中獲得的經驗來面對 H7N9。
前半句提到過去的疫情造成嚴重影響,後半句說政府要運用過去經驗處理新的 H7N9 疫情,因此 confronting 在語意與搭配上都正確。
第 49 題
Later yesterday, the command center reminded travelers going to China to avoid any contact with farm animals and to ensure that sausages, hams, or any product made of pork are severely________ .
(A) processed
(B) prohibited
(C) presented
(D) portraited
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核心觀念
本題考查:
- 字義辨析
- 被動語態
- 上下文語意與搭配
句型為:
ensure that + 主詞 + be 動詞 + 過去分詞
空格需要填入過去分詞,形成「某些物品被……」的被動語態。關鍵在於判斷香腸、火腿及豬肉製品在疫情防治措施下應該「被禁止」,因此答案是 prohibited。
解題方法
題幹指出指揮中心提醒旅客:
Later yesterday, the command center reminded travelers going to China to avoid any contact with farm animals and to ensure that sausages, hams, or any product made of pork are severely ________.
翻譯:
昨日晚些時候,指揮中心提醒前往中國的旅客避免接觸任何農場動物,並確保香腸、火腿或任何豬肉製品受到嚴格禁止。
「避免接觸農場動物」以及「豬肉製品」共同呈現的是防疫與限制攜帶的情境,因此空格應填入表示「禁止」的單字。
句型中的 are severely ________ 是被動語態:
sausages, hams, or pork products + are + 過去分詞
prohibited 表示「被禁止的」,最符合上下文。
關鍵單字與片語
command center:指揮中心remind A to V:提醒某人做某事traveler:旅客go to China:前往中國avoid:避免contact:接觸farm animal:農場動物ensure that:確保……sausage:香腸ham:火腿product made of pork:豬肉製品severely:嚴重地;嚴格地prohibit:禁止process:加工;處理present:呈現;提出portrait:肖像;畫像
選項分析
(A) processed
第 50 題
Technically, the term swine flu refers to influenza in pigs. Occasionally, pigs transmit influenza viruses to people, mainly to hog farmers and _________.
(A) veterinarians
(B) vegetarians
(C) petrologist
(D) veterans
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核心觀念
本題考查:
- 關鍵單字辨析
- 文章語境判斷
- 名詞語意與句型平行結構
題幹說明豬流感病毒偶爾會由豬傳染給人,主要對象是養豬場工作者與相關專業人員。因此空格應填入「獸醫」:veterinarians。
定位答案的關鍵句
Occasionally, pigs transmit influenza viruses to people, mainly to hog farmers and _________.
翻譯:
有時豬會將流感病毒傳染給人類,主要傳染對象是養豬農民與____。
句中的 hog farmers 指「養豬農民、養豬場工作者」。與豬隻有直接職業接觸、因此具有較高感染風險的另一類人,是 veterinarians,即「獸醫師」。
解題方法
先判斷句意:
- 傳染源:pigs,豬
- 病原體:influenza viruses,流感病毒
- 受感染者:people,人類
- 主要對象:hog farmers and _________
空格前有 and,表示空格中的名詞要與 hog farmers 並列,說明另一種經常接觸豬隻的人員。
在四個選項中,只有 veterinarians 符合「與豬隻有職業接觸的專業人員」這項語意。
完整句子為:
Occasionally, pigs transmit influenza viruses to people, mainly to hog farmers and veterinarians.
選項分析
(A) veterinarians
意思是「獸醫師」,是 veterinarian 的複數形。
獸醫師經常接觸動物,包含豬隻,因此符合句中「主要感染對象」的語意。此字也與複數名詞 hog farmers 形成平行結構。
A 正確。
(B) vegetarians
意思是「素食者」。
素食者是飲食習慣不食用肉類的人,與豬隻是否具有職業接觸沒有直接關聯。題幹談的是豬將病毒傳染給經常接觸豬的人,並非談飲食習慣。
B 錯誤。
(C) petrologist
第 51 題
In the spring of 2009, scientists recognized a particular strain of flu virus known as H1N1. This virus is actually a ________ of viruses from pigs, birds and humans.
(A) compartment
(B) coordination
(C) combination
(D) combustion
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核心觀念
本題考的是克漏字中的「字義判斷」與「語境搭配」。
題幹描述 H1N1 流感病毒由豬、鳥類與人類的病毒組成,因此空格需要填入表示「組合、混合」的名詞。句型為:
a ________ of viruses from pigs, birds and humans
來自豬、鳥類與人類病毒的「一種組合」
最符合語意的字是 combination。
定位答案的關鍵句
This virus is ... a ________ of viruses from pigs, birds and humans.
這種病毒是由來自豬、鳥類與人類的病毒所形成的一種組合。
句中介系詞片語 of viruses from pigs, birds and humans 說明這個名詞是由多種來源的病毒構成,因此空格應填入「組合」之意。
解題方法
先判斷空格的詞性。空格前有不定冠詞 a,後面接 of + 名詞,所以空格應填入可數名詞單數。
再依語意判斷:
- H1N1 由豬、鳥類及人類的病毒組成。
- 「由不同來源合在一起」可用 combination 表示。
- 因此句意為「這種病毒是來自豬、鳥類與人類病毒的組合」。
完整句子為:
This virus is actually a combination of viruses from pigs, birds and humans.
選項分析
(A) compartment:隔間;區隔;艙
指空間中被分隔出來的部分,例如 train compartment「火車車廂」、storage compartment「儲藏室」。它表示「分隔的區域」,不表示多種病毒混合組成,放入句中語意不通。
第 52 題
During the 2009-10 flu season, H1N1 caused the _________ infection in humans that was commonly referred to as swine flu.
(A) sustainable
(B) recreational
(C) respiratory
(D) restaurant
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核心觀念
本題考查:
- 單字辨義
- 形容詞修飾名詞
- 依語境判斷固定搭配
題幹中的關鍵結構是:
H1N1 caused the _________ infection in humans
空格後方的 infection 是名詞,因此空格應填入能修飾「感染」種類的形容詞。題幹又提到 H1N1 所造成的感染俗稱 swine flu(豬流感),因此答案必須與流感的感染部位或疾病類型有關。
解題方法
先觀察空格後面的名詞 infection,判斷空格需要填入形容詞:
- respiratory infection:呼吸道感染
流感主要侵犯人體的呼吸系統,因此 respiratory infection 是自然且符合醫學語意的搭配。
題幹定位答案的關鍵句為:
During the 2009-10 flu season, H1N1 caused the respiratory infection in humans that was commonly referred to as swine flu.
翻譯:
在 2009 至 2010 年的流感季,H1N1 在人類中造成了這種呼吸道感染,通常被稱為豬流感。
其中 respiratory infection 直接指出 H1N1 所造成的感染類型,故選 (C)。
關鍵單字與片語
- during:在……期間
- flu season:流感季
- cause:造成、引起
- infection:感染
- in humans:在人類中
- commonly:通常地、普遍地
- be referred to as:被稱為……
- swine flu:豬流感
- respiratory:呼吸的、呼吸道的
- respiratory infection:呼吸道感染
文法上,be referred to as + 名詞 表示「被稱為……」;題幹的 that was commonly referred to as swine flu 是關係子句,修飾前面的感染。
選項分析
第 53 題
Because so many people around the world got sick that year, the World Health Organization declared the flu caused by H1N1 to be a global__________.
(A) parcel
(B) pancake
(C) pantry
(D) pandemic
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核心觀念
本題考「單字辨識」與「語意搭配」。句意指出:當年全球有許多人染病,因此世界衛生組織將 H1N1 所造成的流感宣布為全球性的「大流行」。
關鍵片語是:
- get sick:生病
- around the world:全世界
- declare A to be B:宣布 A 為 B
- be caused by:由……造成
- global pandemic:全球大流行
pandemic 指疾病在多個國家或洲際間廣泛傳播,形成全球性的大流行,最符合 global 與「全球許多人得病」的語境。
解題方法
先判斷空格需要的詞性。句型為:
declared the flu caused by H1N1 to be a global ________
在不定冠詞 a 後面,空格應填入可數名詞。再根據前方的:
so many people around the world got sick
可知此疾病已跨越國界、大規模傳播,因此應選表示「全球性疾病大流行」的名詞 pandemic。
題幹定位與翻譯
題幹中的關鍵句為:
Because so many people around the world got sick that year, the World Health Organization declared the flu caused by H1N1 to be a global__________.
翻譯:
因為那一年全世界有如此多的人生病,世界衛生組織宣布由 H1N1 引起的流感是一場全球性的大流行。
其中 Because 引導原因副詞子句,說明世界衛生組織作出宣布的原因;主句的核心結構是:
第 54 題
Two residents succumbed to complications arising from H1N1 influenza this month, taking the death toll from the disease this year to five, the district health department ______ on Wednesday.
(A) conspired
(B) concierge
(C) consulted
(D) confirmed
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核心觀念
本題測驗「字彙語意辨析」與「新聞英文報導引述句型(Attribution Clause)」。
句型結構為引語倒裝或後置的報導句:"[Direct/Indirect Speech]", [Subject] + [Reporting Verb] + [Time/Place].
空格處需要一個及物動詞的過去式,主詞為「地區衛生部門(the district health department)」,其語意必須能合宜地受詞承接前面的整件事實陳述(即「證實/宣布兩名居民死於 H1N1 併發症」)。
題幹解析與翻譯
- 原文引述:
"Two residents succumbed to complications arising from H1N1 influenza this month, taking the death toll from the disease this year to five, the district health department confirmed on Wednesday."
- 中文翻譯:
當地區衛生局於週三證實,本月有兩名居民因 H1N1 流感引發的併發症不幸病逝,使該疾病今年的死亡人數攀升至五人。
- 重要字彙與片語:
- succumb to (phr.):屈服於……、因……病逝(後接疾病或傷勢)
- complication (n.):併發症
- arise from (phr.):由……引起、源自於……
- influenza (n.):流行性感冒(簡稱 flu)
- death toll (n.):死亡人數(take the death toll to... 表示「使死亡人數達到……」)
解題方法
- 文法結構分析:
逗號前面是一完整子句「Two residents succumbed to complications..., taking the death toll... to five」,後面接「the district health department ______ on Wednesday」。
第 55 題
According to the officials, the two patients were suffering from underlying cardiovascular diseases and died due to bilateral pneumonia, which is an ________ of both the lungs.
(A) inspection
(B) inclusion
(C) incision
(D) infection
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核心觀念
本題測驗「醫學相關常見名詞之詞彙辨析」與「形近字(字首 in- 衍生字)之語意判讀」。題幹描繪臨床死亡原因與病理定義,考生需依據醫學常識與英文文意,精確掌握肺部發炎/感染的專業名詞定義。
題幹句意與定位分析
- 題幹原文:
"According to the officials, the two patients were suffering from underlying cardiovascular diseases and died due to bilateral pneumonia, which is an ________ of both the lungs." - 中文翻譯:
「據官員表示,這兩名病患原本就患有心血管潛在疾病,最終死於雙側肺炎,而肺炎即為雙肺的感染。」 - 定位分析:
關係代名詞子句which is an ________ of both the lungs為非限定子句,修飾先行詞bilateral pneumonia(雙側肺炎)。從病理學定義而言,肺炎(pneumonia)通常是指肺泡受到病原體侵襲所引起的發炎/感染反應,因此空格需填入「感染」或「發炎」之相應字彙。
關鍵單字與片語解析
- underlying (adj.):潛在的、根本的
- cardiovascular disease (n. phr.):心血管疾病
- bilateral (adj.):雙側的、雙邊的(字首 bi- 表「雙」,lateral 表「側面」)
- pneumonia (n.):肺炎(字首 pneu- 表「氣、肺」)
選項分析
- (A) inspection:名詞,意為「檢查、檢驗、視察」。源自動詞 inspect(in-「向內」+ spect「看」)。
第 56 題
So far, there has been no ________ case of swine influenza in Taiwan.
(A) accelerated
(B) confirmed
(C) conspired
(D) concurred
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核心觀念
本題測驗醫學/公衛專業語境中的動詞分詞當形容詞(Participle as Adjective)搭配詞(Collocation)與字彙語意辨析。
在流行病學、獸醫學與公共衛生領域中,表達「確診病例/確定個案」有一固定且高頻出現的專業搭配詞——confirmed case;此處以過去分詞 修飾名詞 ,表示「經過檢驗或官方認證確立的」。
題目翻譯與解析
- 題幹原文:So far, there has been no ________ case of swine influenza in Taiwan.
- 題幹中譯:到目前為止,台灣尚未出現豬流感的確診病例。
- 定位與語意分析:
- 關鍵詞組:(豬流感病例)。
- 空格位於名詞 之前,需填入能合理修飾「傳染病病例」的形容詞或分詞。在公衛統計與通報體系中,「確診個案」固定使用 。
選項逐一分析
-
(A) accelerated(形容詞/過去分詞):加速的、加快的
-
源自及物動詞 (使增速、促進)。
-
用於修飾速度、進程或老化等(例如: 加速成長、 快速審查)。不能用來修飾「疾病病例()」,語意不通,故不選。
-
(B) confirmed(形容詞/過去分詞):確認的、證實的、確診的
-
源自及物動詞 (證實、確認)。
第 57 題
Rebounding from years of lackluster fan interest, Taiwan’s professional baseball league has shattered its previous ________ record for the start of the season, sparking new hope for the sport’s future in the once baseball-mad country.
(A) accumulation
(B) attendance
(C) accommodation
(D) attention
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核心觀念
本題考「語意判斷」與「固定搭配」。句中關鍵結構為:
Taiwan’s professional baseball league has shattered its previous ________ record for the start of the season
台灣職業棒球聯盟打破了開季以來原有的「______紀錄」。
棒球聯盟的紀錄通常與「進場觀眾人數」有關,因此應填入 attendance,形成固定搭配 attendance record,意為「觀眾入場人數紀錄」。
解題方法
先觀察空格後的名詞 record。四個選項皆為名詞,但能自然修飾 record、且符合職業棒球新聞語境的只有 attendance。
完整句意為:
台灣職業棒球聯盟在球迷興趣多年低迷後強勢回升,打破了開季原有的觀眾入場人數紀錄,為這項運動在這個曾經瘋迷棒球的國家創造了新的希望。
其中:
- shatter a record:打破紀錄,甚至帶有「大幅超越」的語氣。
- attendance record:觀眾入場人數紀錄。
- 棒球比賽的紀錄通常可涉及得分、勝場、全壘打、觀眾人數等,但題幹後文提到 fan interest,因此此處明確指觀眾人數。
題幹定位與翻譯
定位答案的關鍵句為:
Rebounding from years of lackluster fan interest, Taiwan’s professional baseball league has shattered its previous attendance record for the start of the season, sparking new hope for the sport’s future in the once baseball-mad country.
翻譯:
台灣職業棒球聯盟在歷經多年球迷興趣低落後重新振作,打破了開季原有的觀眾入場人數紀錄,為這項運動在這個曾經瘋迷棒球的國家帶來新的希望。
句首的 Rebounding from years of lackluster fan interest 是分詞片語,修飾主詞 Taiwan’s professional baseball league:
- rebound from:從……中復甦、重新振作
- years of:多年的……
- lackluster:缺乏活力的、低迷的
第 58 題
The government’s first __________ should be to help out-of-work people find jobs.
(A) priority
(B) presentation
(C) addiction
(D) accompany
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核心觀念
本題考查「語意判斷」與「詞性、搭配用法」。
題幹句型為:
The government’s first __________ should be to help out-of-work people find jobs.
政府的首要____應該是協助失業者尋找工作。
空格位於所有格名詞片語 The government’s first ______ 中,需填入名詞,且語意必須能表示「最優先處理的事情、首要目標」。
priority 的意思是「優先事項、首要之事」,搭配 first priority 表示「第一優先事項、最重要的事情」,符合句意。
解題方法
先判斷空格所需的詞性:
- The government’s:政府的,所有格
- first:第一的、首要的,修飾後面的名詞
- should be:應該是
- to help...:說明這項優先事項的具體內容
因此,空格應填入「名詞」,並且整句要能解釋為:
政府最優先要做的事,應該是協助失業者找工作。
「協助失業者尋找工作」屬於政府應優先處理的政策事項,因此答案為 priority。
題幹定位與翻譯
題幹中的關鍵線索是:
The government’s first __________ should be to help out-of-work people find jobs.
其中:
- first priority:首要優先事項
- out-of-work people:失業者、沒有工作的人
- find jobs:尋找工作
完整翻譯:
政府的首要優先事項應該是協助失業者尋找工作。
選項分析
(A) priority
priority 為名詞,意為「優先事項、優先權、首要之事」。
常見搭配包括:
- first priority:首要事項
- top priority:最高優先事項
- give priority to...:優先考慮……
- make something a priority:把某事列為優先事項
代入後:
第 59 題
North Korea warned foreigners in South Korea on Tuesday to quit the country because they were at risk in the event of _______, the latest threat of war from Pyongyang.
(A) conflict
(B) confidence
(C) comfort
(D) coherence
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核心觀念
本題考查「語境判斷」與「固定片語」:
- in the event of + 名詞:萬一……發生;如果發生……
- 空格前為 event of,後面需要填入符合語意的名詞。
- 前文提到北韓警告南韓境內的外國人離境,原因是他們在某種「戰爭威脅事件」發生時可能陷入危險,因此答案應與衝突、戰爭有關。
解題方法
定位題幹關鍵句:
North Korea warned foreigners in South Korea on Tuesday to quit the country because they were at risk in the event of _______, the latest threat of war from Pyongyang.
翻譯:
北韓週二警告在南韓的外國人離開該國,因為如果發生衝突,他們可能會陷入危險;這是平壤方面最近一次的戰爭威脅。
句中 the latest threat of war from Pyongyang 明確指出背景是北韓發出的戰爭威脅,因此空格應填入表示「衝突」的 conflict。
完整搭配為:
in the event of conflict
意思是「萬一發生衝突」。
選項分析
(A) conflict:衝突;戰事
符合題幹的戰爭、軍事威脅語境。
in the event of conflict 表示「萬一發生衝突」,文法與語意皆正確。
(B) confidence:信心;自信
通常用於表示心理狀態或對某事的信任,例如:
第 60 題
Soaring tensions on the peninsula have been fueled by North Korean anger over the imposition of U.N. ________ after its last nuclear arms test in February, creating one of the worst crises since the end of the Korean War in 1953.
(A) sanitation
(B) sanctuaries
(C) sanctions
(D) seduction
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核心觀念
本題考查:
- 字義辨析
- 固定搭配
- 上下文語意判斷
- 名詞單複數與句型結構
題幹描述北韓因為聯合國在核武試驗後「施加某種措施」而感到憤怒,導致朝鮮半島局勢緊張。因此空格應填入表示「制裁、懲罰性措施」的名詞 sanctions。
sanction 作單數時可表示「批准、認可」;作複數 sanctions 時,常表示「制裁」,尤其指經濟制裁、外交制裁或貿易制裁。
解題方法
先觀察空格前後的結構:
the imposition of U.N. ________
其中 imposition of + 名詞 表示「施加、實施……」。
再根據語意判斷:
- 北韓在核武試驗後受到聯合國處分。
- 北韓對這些措施感到憤怒。
- 這些措施造成朝鮮半島局勢惡化。
因此空格需要填入「聯合國制裁」:
the imposition of U.N. sanctions
聯合國制裁的施加
完整句意為:朝鮮半島的緊張情勢,受到北韓對聯合國在其二月最後一次核武試驗後施加制裁的不滿所助長。
定位答案的原文與翻譯
題幹中直接定位答案的關鍵片語是:
North Korean anger over the imposition of U.N. ________ after its last nuclear arms test in February
翻譯為:
北韓對聯合國在二月最後一次核武試驗後施加的 ________ 感到憤怒
能合理填入的語意是「制裁」:
North Korean anger over the imposition of U.N. sanctions after its last nuclear arms test in February
翻譯為:
北韓對聯合國在其二月最後一次核武試驗後施加制裁感到憤怒。
選項分析
(A) sanitation
sanitation 是名詞,意思是「衛生設施;環境衛生;清潔消毒」。
例如:
- public sanitation:公共衛生
- poor sanitation:不良的衛生環境
將它放入句中:
the imposition of U.N. sanitation
會變成「聯合國衛生措施的施加」,與核武試驗、北韓憤怒及朝鮮半島危機的語意完全不合。因此錯誤。
(B) sanctuaries
sanctuaries 是 sanctuary 的複數,意思是「避難所;庇護所;禁獵區;聖所」。
例如:
- wildlife sanctuaries:野生動物保護區
- a sanctuary for refugees:難民的避難所
放入句中:
the imposition of U.N. sanctuaries
語意會變成「聯合國避難所的施加」,不符合國際政治制裁的情境,且 imposition of sanctuaries 也不是自然的英文搭配。因此錯誤。
(C) sanctions
sanctions 是 sanction 的複數,意思是「制裁;制裁措施」。
常見搭配包括:
- impose sanctions:施加制裁
- lift sanctions:解除制裁
- economic sanctions:經濟制裁
- international sanctions:國際制裁
- U.N. sanctions:聯合國制裁
題幹的:
the imposition of U.N. sanctions
正是「施加聯合國制裁」的自然搭配,且完全符合北韓因核武試驗而遭受國際處分的語意。因此正確。
第 61 題
【題組共用題幹】
Americans love to eat foods that are high in ____. This, combined with lack of exercise, has led to a nation of very chubby people. About two-thirds of Americans weigh too much, which often leads to them having health problems. The huge increase in the number of people in the U.S. who weigh too much has led to an outbreak of ____ diseases, such as diabetes. During physical checkups, some people are also diagnosed with high blood pressure, while the diagnosis for others is a hardening of the arteries. All of these problems result in people dying much earlier than they should. Unfortunately, this “American disease” of being too fat is spreading to other countries as well, such as Japan and Taiwan.
There are some medications that doctors can prescribe to help people fight diseases associated with being too heavy. But these medicines are not a cure. The best medicine is for people to implement a healthy diet and exercise every day. Such a diet includes fruits, vegetables, and at least three portions of whole ____ each day.
In addition, people should choose low-fat milk, which is high in calcium. Also, eat low-cholesterol meals and prepare foods with very little salt. Fish and chicken can be eaten without too much worry, but too much beef, pork, lamb, and other red meats are not good for a person’s health. In addition to proper ____, it is also important to be physically active. Exercising sixty to ninety minutes a day is a good idea. People who have addicted themselves to tobacco must stop. People who like alcoholic drinks should only enjoy them in small ____.
Americans love to eat foods that are high in ____.
(A) cargoes
(B) calories
(C) carnivals
(D) cravings
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核心觀念
本題考 克漏字的語意判斷與固定搭配。
關鍵句型為:
- be high in + 名詞:含有大量……;富含……
- calories:卡路里、熱量
題幹描述美國人常吃高熱量食物,加上缺乏運動,導致肥胖、糖尿病、高血壓與動脈硬化等健康問題。因此空格必須填入表示「熱量」的名詞。
解題方法
定位答案的原文是:
Americans love to eat foods that are high in ____.
翻譯為:
美國人喜歡吃含有大量__的食物。
後文接著說:
This, combined with lack of exercise, has led to a nation of very chubby people.
翻譯為:
這件事加上缺乏運動,導致這個國家出現許多非常肥胖的人。
「高熱量飲食+缺乏運動」會造成肥胖,與全文主旨完全一致,因此空格應填 calories。
完整句子為:
Americans love to eat foods that are high in calories.
美國人喜歡吃高熱量的食物。
文法上,關係代名詞 that 引導形容詞子句,修飾前面的 foods;are high in calories 則說明這些食物的特性。
選項分析
(A) cargoes
cargo 是「貨物、貨載」,複數為 cargoes。
foods that are high in cargoes
意思變成「含有大量貨物的食物」,語意不合,因此錯誤。
(B) calories
calorie 是「卡路里、熱量」,複數 calories 表示食物所含的熱量。
foods that are high in calories
意思是「高熱量的食物」,符合句型搭配、文章主旨與後文對肥胖及相關疾病的描述,因此正確。
(C) carnivals
carnival 是「嘉年華會、狂歡節」,複數為 carnivals。
foods that are high in carnivals
第 62 題
【題組共用題幹】
Americans love to eat foods that are high in ____. This, combined with lack of exercise, has led to a nation of very chubby people. About two-thirds of Americans weigh too much, which often leads to them having health problems. The huge increase in the number of people in the U.S. who weigh too much has led to an outbreak of ____ diseases, such as diabetes. During physical checkups, some people are also diagnosed with high blood pressure, while the diagnosis for others is a hardening of the arteries. All of these problems result in people dying much earlier than they should. Unfortunately, this “American disease” of being too fat is spreading to other countries as well, such as Japan and Taiwan.
There are some medications that doctors can prescribe to help people fight diseases associated with being too heavy. But these medicines are not a cure. The best medicine is for people to implement a healthy diet and exercise every day. Such a diet includes fruits, vegetables, and at least three portions of whole ____ each day.
In addition, people should choose low-fat milk, which is high in calcium. Also, eat low-cholesterol meals and prepare foods with very little salt. Fish and chicken can be eaten without too much worry, but too much beef, pork, lamb, and other red meats are not good for a person’s health. In addition to proper ____, it is also important to be physically active. Exercising sixty to ninety minutes a day is a good idea. People who have addicted themselves to tobacco must stop. People who like alcoholic drinks should only enjoy them in small ____.
The huge increase in the number of people in the U.S. who weigh too much has led to an outbreak of ____ diseases, such as diabetes.
(A) chronic
(B) acute
(C) cardiovascular
(D) psychological
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核心觀念
本題考查健康與疾病相關字彙,以及上下文語意判斷。
題幹指出,肥胖人口增加,導致糖尿病、高血壓、動脈硬化等健康問題。這些疾病大多具有「長期、持續、需要長期控制」的特徵,因此空格應填入 chronic(慢性的)。
關鍵句為:
The huge increase in the number of people in the U.S. who weigh too much has led to an outbreak of ____ diseases, such as diabetes.
美國體重過重人口的大幅增加,已導致慢性疾病大量出現,例如糖尿病。
其中 such as diabetes 是重要線索。糖尿病屬於典型的慢性疾病,不能直接視為心血管疾病。
解題方法
先判斷空格後的名詞 diseases 需要哪一類形容詞修飾,再利用題幹所舉的疾病作語意篩選。
題幹後文提到:
- diabetes:糖尿病
- high blood pressure:高血壓
- hardening of the arteries:動脈硬化
這些疾病具有共同特徵:通常不是短時間內突然發作後立即痊癒,而是與肥胖、飲食、缺乏運動等生活型態有關,並且會持續影響身體。因此整體分類最適合用 chronic diseases(慢性疾病)。
文法上,四個選項皆可作為形容詞放在 diseases 前方,真正的判斷關鍵在於疾病分類與上下文語意。
選項分析
(A) chronic
chronic 意為「慢性的、長期的」。
chronic diseases 指需要長期治療或控制的疾病,例如:
- diabetes:糖尿病
- hypertension:高血壓
- atherosclerosis:動脈粥樣硬化
糖尿病正是典型的慢性疾病,完全符合題幹中的 such as diabetes,因此為正確答案。
(B) acute
acute 意為「急性的、突發的」。
acute diseases 通常指突然發生、病程較短的疾病,例如急性感染或急性發炎。題幹談的是肥胖與不健康生活型態長期累積所造成的健康問題,與 acute 的概念相反,因此錯誤。
(C) cardiovascular
cardiovascular 意為「心血管的」,由 cardio-(心臟) 與 vascular(血管的) 組成。
第 63 題
【題組共用題幹】
Americans love to eat foods that are high in ____. This, combined with lack of exercise, has led to a nation of very chubby people. About two-thirds of Americans weigh too much, which often leads to them having health problems. The huge increase in the number of people in the U.S. who weigh too much has led to an outbreak of ____ diseases, such as diabetes. During physical checkups, some people are also diagnosed with high blood pressure, while the diagnosis for others is a hardening of the arteries. All of these problems result in people dying much earlier than they should. Unfortunately, this “American disease” of being too fat is spreading to other countries as well, such as Japan and Taiwan.
There are some medications that doctors can prescribe to help people fight diseases associated with being too heavy. But these medicines are not a cure. The best medicine is for people to implement a healthy diet and exercise every day. Such a diet includes fruits, vegetables, and at least three portions of whole ____ each day.
In addition, people should choose low-fat milk, which is high in calcium. Also, eat low-cholesterol meals and prepare foods with very little salt. Fish and chicken can be eaten without too much worry, but too much beef, pork, lamb, and other red meats are not good for a person’s health. In addition to proper ____, it is also important to be physically active. Exercising sixty to ninety minutes a day is a good idea. People who have addicted themselves to tobacco must stop. People who like alcoholic drinks should only enjoy them in small ____.
Such a diet includes fruits, vegetables, and at least three portions of whole ____ each day.
(A) grain
(B) antibiotics
(C) vitamins
(D) antigens
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核心觀念
本題考查克漏字中的「語意判斷」與「固定搭配」。第 63 題空格位於:
Such a diet includes fruits, vegetables, and at least three portions of whole ____ each day.
這種飲食包括水果、蔬菜,以及每天至少三份的全____。
前文正在說明健康飲食內容,並列出水果、蔬菜與另一類主食。能與 whole 搭配,且可作為健康飲食中的食物種類者,是 whole grain,意為「全穀類食品」。
解題方法
先觀察空格前的修飾語 whole。英文中常見固定搭配包括:
- whole grain:全穀、全穀類食品
- whole grains:全穀類食品,通常用複數表示不同種類或多份穀物
- whole-grain bread:全麥麵包、全穀麵包
題幹又出現:
at least three portions of whole ____ each day
其中 three portions of 表示「三份……」,後面通常接可食用的食物名詞。健康飲食常見組合為水果、蔬菜及全穀類,因此答案為 grain。
完整句意為:
Such a diet includes fruits, vegetables, and at least three portions of whole grain each day.
這種飲食包括水果、蔬菜,以及每天至少三份的全穀類食品。
嚴格而言,日常英文更常寫成 whole grains;但本題選項只有單數 grain,且 grain 可作不可數名詞,表示「穀物、穀類食品」,因此文法與語意均成立。
選項分析
(A) grain 穀物;穀類食品
正確。
whole grain 是健康飲食中的固定搭配,指未經過度精製、保留麩皮、胚芽與胚乳的全穀類食品。題幹談到健康飲食,並列舉水果、蔬菜,接續全穀類完全符合文章語意。
(B) antibiotics 抗生素
錯誤。
antibiotics 是用來治療細菌感染的藥物,並非食物種類,不能放在:
three portions of whole antibiotics
「三份全抗生素」在語意上不成立,且 whole antibiotics 不是英文固定搭配。
(C) vitamins 維生素
錯誤。
vitamins 是人體所需的營養素,通常說 take vitamins、get vitamins from food,不會說:
第 64 題
【題組共用題幹】
Americans love to eat foods that are high in ____. This, combined with lack of exercise, has led to a nation of very chubby people. About two-thirds of Americans weigh too much, which often leads to them having health problems. The huge increase in the number of people in the U.S. who weigh too much has led to an outbreak of ____ diseases, such as diabetes. During physical checkups, some people are also diagnosed with high blood pressure, while the diagnosis for others is a hardening of the arteries. All of these problems result in people dying much earlier than they should. Unfortunately, this “American disease” of being too fat is spreading to other countries as well, such as Japan and Taiwan.
There are some medications that doctors can prescribe to help people fight diseases associated with being too heavy. But these medicines are not a cure. The best medicine is for people to implement a healthy diet and exercise every day. Such a diet includes fruits, vegetables, and at least three portions of whole ____ each day.
In addition, people should choose low-fat milk, which is high in calcium. Also, eat low-cholesterol meals and prepare foods with very little salt. Fish and chicken can be eaten without too much worry, but too much beef, pork, lamb, and other red meats are not good for a person’s health. In addition to proper ____, it is also important to be physically active. Exercising sixty to ninety minutes a day is a good idea. People who have addicted themselves to tobacco must stop. People who like alcoholic drinks should only enjoy them in small ____.
In addition to proper ____, it is also important to be physically active.
(A) vaccinations
(B) culinary
(C) cooking
(D) nourishment
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核心觀念
本題為克漏字測驗(Cloze Test),評量重點在於語境呼應與詞性搭配(Contextual Clues & Collocation)。
- 文意脈絡與同義置換:第 3 段前三句聚焦於飲食建議(低脂牛奶、低膽固醇餐、少鹽、白肉優於紅肉等),隨後以「In addition to proper ____, it is also important to be physically active.」作為承先啟後的轉折句,銜接飲食與運動。空格處所指代的是前文一整套「適當的營養/飲食攝取」。
- 詞性與搭配詞語法:形容詞
proper(適當的、恰當的)後方必須接名詞。
解題方法
- 定位關鍵句與分析句構:
- 原文句子:
“In addition to proper ____, it is also important to be physically active.”
- 中文翻譯:
「除了適當的營養攝取之外,保持身體活動也很重要。」
- 分析上下文邏輯關係:
- 該句結構為「In addition to A, B is also important...」(除了 A 之外,B 也很重要)。
- 前文(第二段末與第三段前段)詳細敘述了「健康飲食(healthy diet)」的原則,包含多吃蔬果、全穀類,選擇低脂、低鹽、低膽固醇食物。
- 後文轉而強調運動(physically active、exercising)與生活戒律(戒菸、節制飲酒)。
- 因此,空格處必須是能高度概括前文「飲食維持身體健康運作」的名詞概念,即「營養(nourishment)」。
選項分析
- (A) vaccinations(名詞,接種疫苗;預防針)
- 錯誤。文章通篇討論透過「飲食改善」與「規律運動」對抗肥胖及心血管等慢性病(diabetes, high blood pressure, hardening of the arteries),並非探討傳染病的免疫接種,語意偏離主旨。
- (B) culinary(形容詞,烹飪的、廚房的)
- 錯誤。
第 65 題
【題組共用題幹】
Americans love to eat foods that are high in ____. This, combined with lack of exercise, has led to a nation of very chubby people. About two-thirds of Americans weigh too much, which often leads to them having health problems. The huge increase in the number of people in the U.S. who weigh too much has led to an outbreak of ____ diseases, such as diabetes. During physical checkups, some people are also diagnosed with high blood pressure, while the diagnosis for others is a hardening of the arteries. All of these problems result in people dying much earlier than they should. Unfortunately, this “American disease” of being too fat is spreading to other countries as well, such as Japan and Taiwan.
There are some medications that doctors can prescribe to help people fight diseases associated with being too heavy. But these medicines are not a cure. The best medicine is for people to implement a healthy diet and exercise every day. Such a diet includes fruits, vegetables, and at least three portions of whole ____ each day.
In addition, people should choose low-fat milk, which is high in calcium. Also, eat low-cholesterol meals and prepare foods with very little salt. Fish and chicken can be eaten without too much worry, but too much beef, pork, lamb, and other red meats are not good for a person’s health. In addition to proper ____, it is also important to be physically active. Exercising sixty to ninety minutes a day is a good idea. People who have addicted themselves to tobacco must stop. People who like alcoholic drinks should only enjoy them in small ____.
People who like alcoholic drinks should only enjoy them in small ____.
(A) plates
(B) side dishes
(C) amounts
(D) gulps
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核心觀念
本題測驗「名詞語意辨析」與「常見量詞搭配詞(Collocation)」。在探討健康生活型態與飲食控制的語境中,「適量飲酒/限制飲用量」在英文中最標準且普遍的表達為「in small amounts」(少量、適量)。
解題方法
- 定位關鍵句並翻譯:
- 原文句子:
"People who like alcoholic drinks should only enjoy them in small ____."
- 中文翻譯:
「喜歡飲用含酒精飲料的人,應當只少量享用。」
- 前後語境分析:
- 本段討論健康飲食與生活習慣的建議(多吃魚與雞肉、少吃紅肉、適當運動、戒菸)。
- 前一句提到「戒菸(stop using tobacco)」,此句接著針對「含酒精飲料(alcoholic drinks)」給予建議。健康指引對於飲酒的標準建議是「若要飲用,應控制在少量範圍內」。
- 受詞為代名詞
them(指代前方的不可數液體或集合名詞alcoholic drinks),介系詞片語in small ____需接一個能表示「攝取份量/數量」的名詞,故以amounts(量)最為精確合適。
關鍵字彙與片語解析
- alcoholic drinks (n. phr.):含酒精飲料
- in small amounts (phr.):少量地(修飾不可數或可數名詞的消耗、攝取量)
- in moderation (phr.):適度地、有節制地(同義替換表達)
- gulp (n.):大口吞嚥、一大口(液體)
- side dish (n.):(餐點的)小菜、附餐
第 66 題
【題組共用題幹】
During a recent airplane flight, I discovered how ____ video games can be. I had traveled to the U.S. ____ business. While there, I bought a ____ game player for my nephew in Taiwan. When I flew back to Taiwan, I packed the player in my backpack rather than my ____. After boarding the plane, I squeezed into my seat and took the player out of the backpack. After the plane took off, I began playing a game. Within minutes I was hooked. I played the game throughout the entire twelve-hour flight. When we landed in Taiwan, I was ____ from lack of sleep. I decided then and there not to play addicting video games on any future flights.
During a recent airplane flight, I discovered how ____ video games can be.
(A) ambitious
(B) allocating
(C) adhering
(D) addicting
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核心觀念
本題考查克漏字篇章語意連貫(Contextual Coherence)與形容詞字彙語意辨析。解題關鍵在於掌握前後文的語境線索(Context Clues),特別是文章首句的主旨句與結尾句之間的「前後呼應(Echoing)」。
解題方法
- 文意定位與上下文對照:
- 題幹定位句:
"During a recent airplane flight, I discovered how ____ video games can be."
(在最近一次搭機航程中,我發現了電玩遊戲有多麼____。)
- 文章後續敘述提到:"Within minutes I was hooked. I played the game throughout the entire twelve-hour flight."(幾分鐘內我就著迷了。我在整整 12 小時的航程中都在玩這款遊戲。)
- 文章末句明確總結:
"I decided then and there not to play addicting video games on any future flights."
(我當場決定以後搭機再也不玩使人上癮的電玩遊戲了。)
- 邏輯推理:
作者開頭點出自己體會到電玩有多麼「令人上癮 / 使人沉迷」,中段描述自己一玩就著迷(hooked)、連續玩了 12 小時,最後總結再也不玩此類「addicting video games」。首尾直接呼應,空格處需填入與「令人沉迷、使人上癮」相符的形容詞。
第 67 題
【題組共用題幹】
During a recent airplane flight, I discovered how ____ video games can be. I had traveled to the U.S. ____ business. While there, I bought a ____ game player for my nephew in Taiwan. When I flew back to Taiwan, I packed the player in my backpack rather than my ____. After boarding the plane, I squeezed into my seat and took the player out of the backpack. After the plane took off, I began playing a game. Within minutes I was hooked. I played the game throughout the entire twelve-hour flight. When we landed in Taiwan, I was ____ from lack of sleep. I decided then and there not to play addicting video games on any future flights.
I had traveled to the U.S. ____ business.
(A) at
(B) on
(C) of
(D) in
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核心觀念
本題考「固定搭配」與介系詞的語意辨識。
句型:
travel/go on business
因公出差;為了公務而旅行
其中 on business 是固定片語,表示「因公、出差辦公」。此處不是指「在某個地點做生意」,而是說話者前往美國的原因是處理公務。
解題方法
定位答案的關鍵句為:
I had traveled to the U.S. ____ business.
我因公前往美國。
空格後接名詞 business,且句意要表達「因公前往美國」,因此使用固定搭配 on business:
I had traveled to the U.S. on business.
完整句意為:「我因公前往美國。」
選項分析
(A) at
at business 不是表示「因公出差」的固定搭配。介系詞 at 常用於表示特定時間或地點,例如 at school(在學校)、at work(在工作),放入本句無法自然表達「因公前往美國」。
(B) on
on business 是固定片語,表示「因公、出差辦公」,符合本句語意,因此為正確答案。
例句:
She went to Japan on business.
她因公前往日本。
(C) of
第 68 題
【題組共用題幹】
During a recent airplane flight, I discovered how ____ video games can be. I had traveled to the U.S. ____ business. While there, I bought a ____ game player for my nephew in Taiwan. When I flew back to Taiwan, I packed the player in my backpack rather than my ____. After boarding the plane, I squeezed into my seat and took the player out of the backpack. After the plane took off, I began playing a game. Within minutes I was hooked. I played the game throughout the entire twelve-hour flight. When we landed in Taiwan, I was ____ from lack of sleep. I decided then and there not to play addicting video games on any future flights.
While there, I bought a ____ game player for my nephew in Taiwan.
(A) optional
(B) partial
(C) portable
(D) penal
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核心觀念
本題考「字義辨析」與「形容詞修飾名詞」:
While there, I bought a ____ game player for my nephew in Taiwan.
在那裡時,我買了一台 ____ 的遊戲機,準備送給我在臺灣的姪子。
空格後的名詞片語是 game player,需要填入能合理描述遊戲機特性的形容詞。文章前文提到作者搭乘飛機,並將遊戲機放入背包中,因此語意上應是「方便攜帶的遊戲機」。
portable 表示「可攜帶的、便於攜帶的」,最符合上下文。
解題方法
先觀察文章的情境:
- 作者在美國買了一台遊戲機。
- 回臺灣搭乘長達十二小時的飛機。
- 作者把遊戲機放進背包,而不是行李箱。
- 登機後取出遊戲機,並在飛行途中遊玩。
因此,空格描述的應是遊戲機「體積小、方便攜帶」的特性。能表達此意的字是 portable。
完整句子為:
While there, I bought a portable game player for my nephew in Taiwan.
在那裡時,我買了一台可攜式的遊戲機,準備送給我在臺灣的姪子。
選項分析
(A) optional
- 意思是「可選擇的、非必要的」。
- 例如:
optional courses(選修課程)、optional equipment(選配設備)。 an optional game player表示「一台可選擇的遊戲機」,語意不自然,也無法銜接後文攜帶遊戲機搭機的情境。- 故不選。
(B) partial
- 意思是「部分的、不完全的」。
- 例如:
partial payment(部分付款)、partial success(部分成功)。 a partial game player會變成「部分的遊戲機」,不符合一般英語表達,也無法合理描述該遊戲機的功能或外型。
第 69 題
【題組共用題幹】
During a recent airplane flight, I discovered how ____ video games can be. I had traveled to the U.S. ____ business. While there, I bought a ____ game player for my nephew in Taiwan. When I flew back to Taiwan, I packed the player in my backpack rather than my ____. After boarding the plane, I squeezed into my seat and took the player out of the backpack. After the plane took off, I began playing a game. Within minutes I was hooked. I played the game throughout the entire twelve-hour flight. When we landed in Taiwan, I was ____ from lack of sleep. I decided then and there not to play addicting video games on any future flights.
When I flew back to Taiwan, I packed the player in my backpack rather than my ____.
(A) longitude
(B) luggage
(C) loneliness
(D) longevity
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核心觀念
本題考查:
- 語意判斷:根據句意選出符合情境的名詞。
- 搭配用法:
pack A in B rather than C表示「把 A 放在 B 裡,而不是放在 C 裡」。 - 不可數名詞:
luggage意為「行李」,通常視為不可數名詞,不加複數-s。
句型:
I packed the player in my backpack rather than my luggage.
我把遊戲機放進背包,而不是放進我的行李中。
此處需要填入一個能與 my 搭配,且符合「搭機攜帶物品」情境的名詞。
解題方法
先抓住句中的關鍵訊息:
When I flew back to Taiwan, I packed the player in my backpack rather than my ____.
當我搭機返回臺灣時,我把遊戲機放進背包,而不是放進我的 ____ 裡。
句意是在比較兩種放置遊戲機的地方:
my backpack:我的背包my ____:我的另一件攜帶物品
搭機旅行時,最自然的對比是「背包」與「行李」:
packed the player in my backpack rather than my luggage
意思是「把遊戲機放在背包裡,而不是放在行李裡」,完全符合文章後文描述的攜帶情境。因此答案是 luggage。
選項分析
(A) longitude
longitude 意為「經度」,是地理位置的測量概念,例如:
the longitude of a location
某地點的經度
longitude 不是可以放置遊戲機的容器,也不符合搭機整理物品的語意,因此錯誤。
(B) luggage
luggage 意為「行李」,是旅行時攜帶的箱包與物品的總稱,符合句意:
pack something in one’s luggage
把某物放進某人的行李裡
第 70 題
【題組共用題幹】
During a recent airplane flight, I discovered how ____ video games can be. I had traveled to the U.S. ____ business. While there, I bought a ____ game player for my nephew in Taiwan. When I flew back to Taiwan, I packed the player in my backpack rather than my ____. After boarding the plane, I squeezed into my seat and took the player out of the backpack. After the plane took off, I began playing a game. Within minutes I was hooked. I played the game throughout the entire twelve-hour flight. When we landed in Taiwan, I was ____ from lack of sleep. I decided then and there not to play addicting video games on any future flights.
When we landed in Taiwan, I was ____ from lack of sleep.
(A) exotic
(B) established
(C) exhausted
(D) exhibited
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核心觀念
本題考查:
- 字彙辨析:根據上下文判斷形容詞意義。
- 固定搭配:
exhausted from lack of sleep表示「因缺乏睡眠而筋疲力竭」。 - 語意推論:通宵或長時間未睡後,應表現為疲憊,而非新奇、建立或展示。
定位答案的關鍵句
題幹指出:
When we landed in Taiwan, I was ____ from lack of sleep.
當我們降落在臺灣時,我因缺乏睡眠而感到____。
前文說話者在整趟十二小時的飛行途中持續玩遊戲:
I played the game throughout the entire twelve-hour flight.
我在整整十二個小時的飛行途中持續玩這款遊戲。
因此,長時間遊戲且沒有充分睡眠,降落時必然感到「筋疲力竭」,應填入 exhausted。
解題方法
空格後方是介系詞片語 from lack of sleep,表示造成某種身心狀態的原因:
from lack of sleep:因缺乏睡眠be exhausted from ...:因……而筋疲力竭
完整句子為:
When we landed in Taiwan, I was exhausted from lack of sleep.
句意是「當我們降落在臺灣時,我因缺乏睡眠而筋疲力竭。」
選項分析
(A) exotic
意為「異國的、外來的、奇異的」,通常用來描述具有異國情調或不同尋常的事物,例如:
exotic food:異國料理exotic plants:外來植物
exotic from lack of sleep 不符合語意與搭配。缺乏睡眠會導致疲憊,不會使人變得「異國的」,故錯誤。
(B) established
意為「已建立的、確立的」,是動詞 establish 的過去分詞,也可作形容詞,例如:
an established company:一家已建立的公司an established fact:已確立的事實
established from lack of sleep 不符合句意。說話者不是因為缺乏睡眠而「建立」或「確立」某件事,故錯誤。
第 71 題
【題組共用題幹】
In 2003, when SARS came to Taiwan, it made a ____ impact, both in social and human ____. The government, rather belatedly, set up an infectious diseases control ____ in response. Two years later, the H5N1 strain of avian influenza arrived, but the way this virus was transmitted was completely different. The government tried to treat it as another SARS, but found its efforts ineffective in containing the spread of the virus. The government also tried to deal with the H1N1 strain of swine flu in the same way in 2009, by ____ the infected and encouraging more anti-flu vaccinations. The result was that nearly 300 people died. The nation’s record on the ____ of infectious diseases is far from perfect.
In 2003, when SARS came to Taiwan, it made a ____ impact, both in social and human ____.
(A) confidential
(B) consecutive
(C) considerable
(D) conspiring
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核心觀念
本題考「形容詞與名詞的語意搭配」及文章上下文判讀。
句型為:
it made a ____ impact
空格後的 impact 是名詞,意思是「影響、衝擊」,前面需要填入能表示影響程度的形容詞。根據 SARS 對台灣造成社會及人類層面的重大影響,應選擇表示「相當大的、重大的」的 considerable。
關鍵句定位與翻譯
In 2003, when SARS came to Taiwan, it made a ____ impact, both in social and human ____.
翻譯:
2003 年 SARS 傳入台灣時,在社會及人類層面都造成了相當大的影響。
其中 made a considerable impact 是自然且常見的搭配,表示「造成重大影響」。
解題方法
先觀察空格位置:
再依語意判斷。SARS 是嚴重的傳染病,後文提到政府成立傳染病防治機構、處理 H5N1 與 H1N1,甚至造成近 300 人死亡,整段都在強調疫情造成的重大衝擊。因此空格應填入表示「重大、可觀」的形容詞。
選項分析
(A) confidential
意思是「機密的、秘密的」。通常修飾 information、document、report 等,例如 confidential information(機密資訊)。
confidential impact 意為「機密的影響」,不符合 SARS 造成公開且嚴重社會影響的語境,錯誤。
第 72 題
【題組共用題幹】
In 2003, when SARS came to Taiwan, it made a ____ impact, both in social and human ____. The government, rather belatedly, set up an infectious diseases control ____ in response. Two years later, the H5N1 strain of avian influenza arrived, but the way this virus was transmitted was completely different. The government tried to treat it as another SARS, but found its efforts ineffective in containing the spread of the virus. The government also tried to deal with the H1N1 strain of swine flu in the same way in 2009, by ____ the infected and encouraging more anti-flu vaccinations. The result was that nearly 300 people died. The nation’s record on the ____ of infectious diseases is far from perfect.
In 2003, when SARS came to Taiwan, it made a ____ impact, both in social and human ____.
(A) invest
(B) revenue
(C) cost
(D) return
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核心觀念
本題考查:
- 字義辨析:
invest、revenue、cost、return。 - 搭配與語意判斷:
cost impact:成本/代價方面的影響human cost:人員傷亡、痛苦等人道代價
cost可置於名詞前作為修飾語,形成名詞片語cost impact。
句意是:SARS 對臺灣造成了重大的代價性影響,無論在社會層面或人員傷亡方面都是如此。
解題方法
先觀察第二個空格:
both in social and human ____
不僅在社會層面,也在人員與人道的__方面。
human cost 是固定且常見的搭配,指疾病、戰爭或災害造成的死亡、傷害與痛苦。因此第二格應填 cost。
再看第一個空格:
it made a ____ impact
它造成了一個__的影響。
同一段後文提到 SARS 對社會及人類造成的損失,cost impact 可理解為「代價方面的影響」。四個選項中,只有 cost 能與後面的 human cost 共同形成合理語意,因此答案選 C。
完整句意為:
In 2003, when SARS came to Taiwan, it made a cost impact, both in social and human cost.
可翻譯為:
2003 年 SARS 傳入臺灣時,造成了社會與人員傷亡方面的代價性影響。
其中第一個 cost 是名詞作前置修飾語,修飾 impact;第二個 cost 則是名詞,表示「代價」。
關鍵單字與片語
SARS:嚴重急性呼吸道症候群,俗稱 SARS。impact:影響;衝擊。social:社會的。human:人類的;人道的;涉及人員的。cost:成本;代價;損失。human cost:人員傷亡與人道代價。make an impact:產生影響、造成衝擊。infectious disease:傳染病。in response:作為回應。
第 73 題
【題組共用題幹】
In 2003, when SARS came to Taiwan, it made a ____ impact, both in social and human ____. The government, rather belatedly, set up an infectious diseases control ____ in response. Two years later, the H5N1 strain of avian influenza arrived, but the way this virus was transmitted was completely different. The government tried to treat it as another SARS, but found its efforts ineffective in containing the spread of the virus. The government also tried to deal with the H1N1 strain of swine flu in the same way in 2009, by ____ the infected and encouraging more anti-flu vaccinations. The result was that nearly 300 people died. The nation’s record on the ____ of infectious diseases is far from perfect.
The government, rather belatedly, set up an infectious diseases control ____ in response.
(A) momentary
(B) monetary
(C) machinery
(D) mechanism
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核心觀念
本題考查「字義辨析」與「固定搭配」。句子中的空格位於:
The government, rather belatedly, set up an infectious diseases control ____ in response.
政府反應相當遲緩,因而設立了一套傳染病防治機制以作為回應。
空格前有 infectious diseases control,後方沒有其他修飾語,因此需要填入能表示「制度、運作體系或防治機制」的名詞。最自然的搭配是:
- infectious disease control mechanism:傳染病防治機制
其中 mechanism 可指一套促使某件事運作的制度、方法或機制,符合政府建立防疫制度的語意。
解題方法
先判斷詞性。句型為:
set up + 名詞
因此空格必須填入名詞。四個選項中,monetary、momentary 是形容詞,先排除;剩下 machinery、mechanism 皆為名詞,再依語意與搭配判斷。
set up 在此表示「設立、建立」,政府設立的對象通常是制度、機構、系統或機制。句中討論的是政府因應 SARS 而建立的傳染病防治體系,因此 mechanism 最為精確。
選項分析
(A) momentary
momentary 是形容詞,意為「短暫的、片刻的」。
例如:
- a momentary delay:短暫的延誤
- momentary confusion:一時的困惑
本句的空格位於冠詞 an 與句末,需要名詞:
set up an infectious diseases control ____.
momentary 為形容詞,無法單獨作為此處的核心名詞,因此錯誤。
(B) monetary
monetary 是形容詞,意為「金錢的、貨幣的」。
例如:
- monetary policy:貨幣政策
- monetary compensation:金錢補償
本題談的是傳染病防治,與金錢或貨幣無關;此外,monetary 也是形容詞,不符合空格所需的名詞詞性,因此錯誤。
(C) machinery
machinery 是名詞,原意為「機械、機器」,也可引申為「組織運作系統、行政機構」。
例如:
- the machinery of government:政府的行政體系
- the machinery of justice:司法運作機制
第 74 題
【題組共用題幹】
In 2003, when SARS came to Taiwan, it made a ____ impact, both in social and human ____. The government, rather belatedly, set up an infectious diseases control ____ in response. Two years later, the H5N1 strain of avian influenza arrived, but the way this virus was transmitted was completely different. The government tried to treat it as another SARS, but found its efforts ineffective in containing the spread of the virus. The government also tried to deal with the H1N1 strain of swine flu in the same way in 2009, by ____ the infected and encouraging more anti-flu vaccinations. The result was that nearly 300 people died. The nation’s record on the ____ of infectious diseases is far from perfect.
The government also tried to deal with the H1N1 strain of swine flu in the same way in 2009, by ____ the infected and encouraging more anti-flu vaccinations.
(A) eliminating
(B) quarantining
(C) accelerating
(D) discriminating
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核心觀念
本題測驗醫學公共衛生與流行病學常考動詞的詞彙辨析及上下文語境邏輯。
在面對傳染病(如 SARS、禽流感、H1N1 豬流感)大規模爆發時,公共衛生最典型、最標準的防疫控制手段為:
- 「將感染者/疑似感染者隔離(quarantine / isolate)以阻斷傳播鏈」
- 「普及疫苗接種(vaccination)以建立群體免疫」
文法結構上為「介係詞 by + 動名詞(V-ing)」,表示採取某種防疫手段(by ... the infected and encouraging more anti-flu vaccinations)。
解題方法
- 定位關鍵句:
"The government also tried to deal with the H1N1 strain of swine flu in the same way in 2009, by ____ the infected and encouraging more anti-flu vaccinations."
【翻譯】政府在 2009 年也試圖以相同的方式應對 H1N1 豬流感病毒株,即透過隔離感染者並鼓勵施打更多抗流感疫苗。
2. 語境邏輯切入:
- 受詞為「the infected」(感染者,the + 形容詞表示「……的人們」)。
- 後方的對稱手段為「and encouraging more anti-flu vaccinations」(鼓勵接種抗流感疫苗)。
- 在公衛傳染病防治情境中,針對「感染者(the infected)」採取的標準公衛措施是檢疫、隔離,與「quarantining」完全相符。
選項分析
- (A) eliminating(消除、撲滅、淘汰)
【錯誤】eliminate 意為「消滅、根除」。在傳染病防治中,通常是「eliminate the disease / virus」(根除疾病/病毒)或撲殺受感染的動物;
第 75 題
【題組共用題幹】
In 2003, when SARS came to Taiwan, it made a ____ impact, both in social and human ____. The government, rather belatedly, set up an infectious diseases control ____ in response. Two years later, the H5N1 strain of avian influenza arrived, but the way this virus was transmitted was completely different. The government tried to treat it as another SARS, but found its efforts ineffective in containing the spread of the virus. The government also tried to deal with the H1N1 strain of swine flu in the same way in 2009, by ____ the infected and encouraging more anti-flu vaccinations. The result was that nearly 300 people died. The nation’s record on the ____ of infectious diseases is far from perfect.
The nation’s record on the ____ of infectious diseases is far from perfect.
(A) prevention
(B) prominence
(C) providence
(D) profundity
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核心觀念
本題為克漏字測驗中的高頻名詞語意辨析題與字首字根同源混淆題。考生需具備以下能力:
- 文意脈絡邏輯整合:整篇文章通篇探討台灣政府在面對 SARS、H5N1 禽流感與 H1N1 流感等重大傳染病(infectious diseases)時的防堵手段、疫苗政策以及防疫成效不彰的教訓。末句是在對國家長年以來的「傳染病防治/預防」歷史紀錄做出總結。
- 形近字與同字首字彙辨析:四個選項皆為
pro-/pre-開頭且以抽象名詞字尾-nce/-ty結尾的高階單字,旨在測驗考生在字根字首辨析上的精確度,避免被拼法相似但意義風馬牛不相及的字詞混淆。
解題方法
- 定位關鍵句子並分析文法結構:
原文定位:
"The nation’s record on the prevention of infectious diseases is far from perfect."
中文翻譯:
「該國在傳染病的預防紀錄上,絕非完美無瑕。」
- 主詞為 The nation's record(國家的紀錄/成績單)。
- 介系詞片語 on the ____ of infectious diseases 作後位修飾,表示「在某個範疇或領域上的紀錄」。
- 主題名詞為 infectious diseases(傳染病)。
- 依據語境搭配決定語意:
前文提到「控制傳染病(infectious diseases control)」、「遏止病毒擴散(containing the spread of the virus)」以及「鼓勵接種疫苗(encouraging more anti-flu vaccinations)」,均屬於公共衛生中針對傳染病的「**預防(prevention)**與控制」作為。因此,空格填入表示「防範、預防」的名詞最符合全篇邏輯與常見公衛搭配詞(prevention of diseases)。
選項分析
- (A) prevention(正確)
- 詞性與字義:名詞,意為「預防;阻止;防止」。
- 字根結構:
pre-(事先)+vent(來、走)+-ion(名詞字尾) 事先防範。 - 分析:the prevention of infectious diseases 為公共衛生常見固定搭配詞(傳染病防治/預防)。符合前述提及政府採取隔離、施打疫苗等防堵作為之總結,語意完全吻合。
第 76 題
【題組共用題幹】
The life of a poet is usually thought to be a contemplative one: plenty of reading, writing, and quiet philosophizing in studies or libraries. If ever there was an ____ to this rule, it was Edgar Allen Poe (1809–1849).
Born in Boston, Massachusetts, Poe was orphaned at the age of only three. Fortunately, a wealthy merchant, John Allan, ____ the boy. The new family lived for five years in England, where Poe went to elementary school. Later the family returned to Allan’s home in Richmond, Virginia. Poe then entered the University of Virginia but was there for only a year. He fell into the habit of gambling and left the Allan home for his hometown of Boston.
By the age of eighteen, Poe was already writing poetry. About the same time, he entered the West Point Military Academy but was ____ shortly thereafter for neglecting his duty. He then briefly made New York City his home, where he penned many poems and worked as editor at various magazines. Now in his 20s, Poe concentrated on his writing and won several awards. He moved into his aunt’s home in Baltimore, Maryland, and married her daughter, his 13-year-old cousin Virginia. He frequently changed his address, living in several East Coast cities, always working on his writing and editing magazine stories.
With the death of his wife Virginia in 1847, Poe became suicidal. He turned to alcohol for relief but quickly became an ____. He was found dead on a street in Baltimore in 1849 under mysterious circumstances. Thus came to an end the short but intriguing life of one of America’s finest poets and short-story writers.
Good writings outlive their authors, and Poe was no exception. His poetry, though often depressing and dwelling on dark themes, is considered among the finest ever written. He is also ____ with being a pioneer in the development of the modern detective story. His deep understanding of tormented hearts and minds leaps from the lines of his poetry and the pages of his short stories. Despite his short, tragic life, Edgar Allen Poe will thrill and chill many generations to come.
If ever there was an ____ to this rule, it was Edgar Allen Poe (1809–1849).
(A) eccentrics
(B) examination
(C) example
(D) exception
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核心觀念
本題為克漏字測驗中的「慣用搭配詞(Collocation)」與「上下文語意轉折」題型。
核心考核:
- 介系詞搭配與慣用語:名詞與介系詞 構成固定搭配詞組,如 (……的例外)。
- 前後文邏輯反差(Contrast):前句提到常態(詩人的生活通常被認為是沉思且安靜的),後句使用假設句帶出與常規完全相反的特例(愛倫坡戲劇性、動盪的一生)。
題幹定位與翻譯
- 定位句:
"The life of a poet is usually thought to be a contemplative one: plenty of reading, writing, and quiet philosophizing in studies or libraries. If ever there was an ____ to this rule, it was Edgar Allen Poe (1809–1849)."
- 中文翻譯:
「詩人的生活通常被認為是沉思默想的:在書房或圖書館裡大量閱讀、寫作與安靜地思考哲理。如果說這項常規曾經有過任何例外,那就是愛倫坡(1809–1849)。」
解題方法
- 文法結構與冠詞判定:
空格前有不定冠詞 ,空格處必須填入「以母音開頭的單數可數名詞」。 - 介系詞搭配判定:
空格後緊接著介系詞短語 。在英文慣用語中,表示「某規則/通則的例外」標準搭配詞為 。 - 上下文語意呼應:
首句指出詩人通常過著「安靜沈思(contemplative)」的書房生活,但愛倫坡一生經歷嗜賭、退學、軍旅開除、酗酒早逝等波折(第二至四段所敘述),顯然違背了常態,是該常規的最佳「反例/例外」。此外,第五段開頭亦呼應寫道:「... and Poe was no exception.」,更加印證作者通篇圍繞著「常態與例外」的修辭主題。
第 77 題
【題組共用題幹】
The life of a poet is usually thought to be a contemplative one: plenty of reading, writing, and quiet philosophizing in studies or libraries. If ever there was an ____ to this rule, it was Edgar Allen Poe (1809–1849).
Born in Boston, Massachusetts, Poe was orphaned at the age of only three. Fortunately, a wealthy merchant, John Allan, ____ the boy. The new family lived for five years in England, where Poe went to elementary school. Later the family returned to Allan’s home in Richmond, Virginia. Poe then entered the University of Virginia but was there for only a year. He fell into the habit of gambling and left the Allan home for his hometown of Boston.
By the age of eighteen, Poe was already writing poetry. About the same time, he entered the West Point Military Academy but was ____ shortly thereafter for neglecting his duty. He then briefly made New York City his home, where he penned many poems and worked as editor at various magazines. Now in his 20s, Poe concentrated on his writing and won several awards. He moved into his aunt’s home in Baltimore, Maryland, and married her daughter, his 13-year-old cousin Virginia. He frequently changed his address, living in several East Coast cities, always working on his writing and editing magazine stories.
With the death of his wife Virginia in 1847, Poe became suicidal. He turned to alcohol for relief but quickly became an ____. He was found dead on a street in Baltimore in 1849 under mysterious circumstances. Thus came to an end the short but intriguing life of one of America’s finest poets and short-story writers.
Good writings outlive their authors, and Poe was no exception. His poetry, though often depressing and dwelling on dark themes, is considered among the finest ever written. He is also ____ with being a pioneer in the development of the modern detective story. His deep understanding of tormented hearts and minds leaps from the lines of his poetry and the pages of his short stories. Despite his short, tragic life, Edgar Allen Poe will thrill and chill many generations to come.
Fortunately, a wealthy merchant, John Allan, ____ the boy.
(A) abducted
(B) adopted
(C) adapted
(D) addicted
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核心觀念
本題考查克漏字中的「上下文語意判斷」與字義辨析。
關鍵句為:
Fortunately, a wealthy merchant, John Allan, ____ the boy.
翻譯為:
幸運地,一位富有的商人 John Allan 收養了這名男孩。
Poe 三歲時成為孤兒,John Allan 是一名富商,後來成為 Poe 的養父。因此空格需要填入表示「收養」的動詞 adopted。
句型結構為:
- 主詞:a wealthy merchant, John Allan
- 動詞:adopted
- 受詞:the boy
由於文章敘述的是過去發生的事件,動詞使用過去式 adopted。
解題方法
先從前一句找線索:
Born in Boston, Massachusetts, Poe was orphaned at the age of only three.
翻譯:
Poe 出生於麻薩諸塞州波士頓,三歲時便成為孤兒。
既然 Poe 已成為孤兒,下一句又提到一位富商讓他進入新的家庭:
The new family lived for five years in England...
其中 the new family 顯示 John Allan 接納 Poe 成為家庭成員。因此空格應填入「收養」之意。
選項分析
(A) abducted
意為「綁架、誘拐」。
若填入:
John Allan abducted the boy.
第 78 題
【題組共用題幹】
The life of a poet is usually thought to be a contemplative one: plenty of reading, writing, and quiet philosophizing in studies or libraries. If ever there was an ____ to this rule, it was Edgar Allen Poe (1809–1849).
Born in Boston, Massachusetts, Poe was orphaned at the age of only three. Fortunately, a wealthy merchant, John Allan, ____ the boy. The new family lived for five years in England, where Poe went to elementary school. Later the family returned to Allan’s home in Richmond, Virginia. Poe then entered the University of Virginia but was there for only a year. He fell into the habit of gambling and left the Allan home for his hometown of Boston.
By the age of eighteen, Poe was already writing poetry. About the same time, he entered the West Point Military Academy but was ____ shortly thereafter for neglecting his duty. He then briefly made New York City his home, where he penned many poems and worked as editor at various magazines. Now in his 20s, Poe concentrated on his writing and won several awards. He moved into his aunt’s home in Baltimore, Maryland, and married her daughter, his 13-year-old cousin Virginia. He frequently changed his address, living in several East Coast cities, always working on his writing and editing magazine stories.
With the death of his wife Virginia in 1847, Poe became suicidal. He turned to alcohol for relief but quickly became an ____. He was found dead on a street in Baltimore in 1849 under mysterious circumstances. Thus came to an end the short but intriguing life of one of America’s finest poets and short-story writers.
Good writings outlive their authors, and Poe was no exception. His poetry, though often depressing and dwelling on dark themes, is considered among the finest ever written. He is also ____ with being a pioneer in the development of the modern detective story. His deep understanding of tormented hearts and minds leaps from the lines of his poetry and the pages of his short stories. Despite his short, tragic life, Edgar Allen Poe will thrill and chill many generations to come.
About the same time, he entered the West Point Military Academy but was ____ shortly thereafter for neglecting his duty.
(A) decreased
(B) descended
(C) dismissed
(D) discounted
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核心觀念
本題考「動詞與語境搭配」以及「被動語態」:
he entered the West Point Military Academy but was ____ shortly thereafter for neglecting his duty.
主詞 Poe 是「被開除」的人,因此空格應填入可表達「被開除、被解職」的過去分詞,形成:
was dismissed
dismiss 可表示「解雇、解散、開除」,常見搭配為:
- be dismissed from school:被學校開除
- be dismissed for neglecting one’s duty:因怠忽職守而被解職/開除
解題方法
先判斷句型:
was + 空格 + for + 原因
was 後方需要過去分詞,構成被動語態。再根據語意判斷:
- Poe 進入西點軍校。
- 不久後因「neglecting his duty」而受到處分。
- 軍校情境中,最合理的處分是「被開除」。
完整句意為:
About the same time, he entered the West Point Military Academy but was dismissed shortly thereafter for neglecting his duty.
翻譯:
大約在同一時期,他進入西點軍校,但不久後因怠忽職守而被開除。
因此答案為 (C) dismissed。
選項分析
(A) decreased
decrease 意為「減少、降低」,過去分詞 decreased 表示「被減少、被降低」。
例如:
- The price was decreased.
價格被降低了。
Poe 不可能因怠忽職守而「被減少」,與軍校處分的語意不符,因此錯誤。
(B) descended
descend 意為「下降、下來」,過去分詞 descended 表示「下降的、下來的」。
例如:
- The aircraft descended slowly.
飛機緩慢下降。
第 79 題
【題組共用題幹】
The life of a poet is usually thought to be a contemplative one: plenty of reading, writing, and quiet philosophizing in studies or libraries. If ever there was an ____ to this rule, it was Edgar Allen Poe (1809–1849).
Born in Boston, Massachusetts, Poe was orphaned at the age of only three. Fortunately, a wealthy merchant, John Allan, ____ the boy. The new family lived for five years in England, where Poe went to elementary school. Later the family returned to Allan’s home in Richmond, Virginia. Poe then entered the University of Virginia but was there for only a year. He fell into the habit of gambling and left the Allan home for his hometown of Boston.
By the age of eighteen, Poe was already writing poetry. About the same time, he entered the West Point Military Academy but was ____ shortly thereafter for neglecting his duty. He then briefly made New York City his home, where he penned many poems and worked as editor at various magazines. Now in his 20s, Poe concentrated on his writing and won several awards. He moved into his aunt’s home in Baltimore, Maryland, and married her daughter, his 13-year-old cousin Virginia. He frequently changed his address, living in several East Coast cities, always working on his writing and editing magazine stories.
With the death of his wife Virginia in 1847, Poe became suicidal. He turned to alcohol for relief but quickly became an ____. He was found dead on a street in Baltimore in 1849 under mysterious circumstances. Thus came to an end the short but intriguing life of one of America’s finest poets and short-story writers.
Good writings outlive their authors, and Poe was no exception. His poetry, though often depressing and dwelling on dark themes, is considered among the finest ever written. He is also ____ with being a pioneer in the development of the modern detective story. His deep understanding of tormented hearts and minds leaps from the lines of his poetry and the pages of his short stories. Despite his short, tragic life, Edgar Allen Poe will thrill and chill many generations to come.
He turned to alcohol for relief but quickly became an ____.
(A) alcoholic
(B) allergic
(C) anesthesia
(D) acoustic
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核心觀念
本題考查克漏字中的「詞性判斷」與「語意搭配」。
題幹句子為:
He turned to alcohol for relief but quickly became an ____.
其中:
- turn to A for relief:轉向 A 尋求慰藉
- become + 名詞:變成某種人或身分
- alcoholic:酗酒者、酒精中毒者,為可數名詞
- alcohol:酒精、酒類,為不可數名詞
句意是:他轉向酒精尋求慰藉,但很快就變成了一名酗酒者。
因此空格需要填入表示「人」的名詞,且前面有 an,字首必須具有母音音素。
解題方法
先觀察句型:
became an + ______
冠詞 an 後面通常接單數可數名詞,空格內容必須能指稱一個人或身分。再依文章語意判斷,Poe 因妻子去世而轉向酒精,之後成為「酗酒者」,所以答案是 alcoholic。
定位答案的關鍵句:
He turned to alcohol for relief but quickly became an alcoholic.
翻譯:他轉向酒精尋求慰藉,但很快就成為一名酗酒者。
選項分析
(A) alcoholic
意為「酗酒者、酒精中毒者」,可作單數可數名詞,符合:
第 80 題
【題組共用題幹】
The life of a poet is usually thought to be a contemplative one: plenty of reading, writing, and quiet philosophizing in studies or libraries. If ever there was an ____ to this rule, it was Edgar Allen Poe (1809–1849).
Born in Boston, Massachusetts, Poe was orphaned at the age of only three. Fortunately, a wealthy merchant, John Allan, ____ the boy. The new family lived for five years in England, where Poe went to elementary school. Later the family returned to Allan’s home in Richmond, Virginia. Poe then entered the University of Virginia but was there for only a year. He fell into the habit of gambling and left the Allan home for his hometown of Boston.
By the age of eighteen, Poe was already writing poetry. About the same time, he entered the West Point Military Academy but was ____ shortly thereafter for neglecting his duty. He then briefly made New York City his home, where he penned many poems and worked as editor at various magazines. Now in his 20s, Poe concentrated on his writing and won several awards. He moved into his aunt’s home in Baltimore, Maryland, and married her daughter, his 13-year-old cousin Virginia. He frequently changed his address, living in several East Coast cities, always working on his writing and editing magazine stories.
With the death of his wife Virginia in 1847, Poe became suicidal. He turned to alcohol for relief but quickly became an ____. He was found dead on a street in Baltimore in 1849 under mysterious circumstances. Thus came to an end the short but intriguing life of one of America’s finest poets and short-story writers.
Good writings outlive their authors, and Poe was no exception. His poetry, though often depressing and dwelling on dark themes, is considered among the finest ever written. He is also ____ with being a pioneer in the development of the modern detective story. His deep understanding of tormented hearts and minds leaps from the lines of his poetry and the pages of his short stories. Despite his short, tragic life, Edgar Allen Poe will thrill and chill many generations to come.
He is also ____ with being a pioneer in the development of the modern detective story.
(A) blamed
(B) credited
(C) indebted
(D) accustomed
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核心觀念
本題考的是「固定搭配」與「語意判斷」。
題幹句型為:
He is also ____ with being a pioneer in the development of the modern detective story.
他也被認為是現代偵探小說發展的先驅。
其中 be credited with + N/V-ing 是固定片語,意為「被認為對……有功;被譽為……的創始者或先驅」。
因此空格應填 credited,形成:
be credited with being...
意思是「被譽為是……」。
解題方法
先觀察空格後面的結構:
____ with being a pioneer
空格後有介系詞 with,且再接動名詞片語 being a pioneer。英文中最符合此結構、且能表達「被譽為、被認為」的固定搭配是:
be credited with + 名詞/V-ing
代入後:
He is also credited with being a pioneer...
語意為:
他也被譽為現代偵探小說發展的先驅。
文章前文介紹 Poe 的詩歌、短篇小說及其文學成就,最後說明他對偵探小說發展的貢獻,因此語意完全吻合。
關鍵單字與片語
- poet:詩人
- contemplative:沉思的、冥想的
- philosophizing:哲學思考
- exception:例外
- orphaned:成為孤兒
- merchant:商人
- adopted:收養
- gambling:賭博
- neglect one’s duty:怠忽職守
- pen poems:創作詩歌
- editor:編輯
- suicidal:有自殺傾向的
- turn to alcohol for relief:藉酒尋求解脫
- alcoholic:酒精中毒者、酗酒者
- outlive:比……活得久;流傳超過……的生命
- be no exception:也不例外
- depressing:令人憂鬱的
- dwell on:反覆思考、著重於
- dark themes:黑暗的主題
- be considered among the finest:被認為是最優秀的作品之一
- pioneer:先驅
- development:發展
- tormented:受折磨的
- leap from:從……中鮮明呈現
- thrill and chill:使人興奮又毛骨悚然
文法與語意重點
1. be credited with
credit 作動詞時,有「把功勞歸於……」的意思。被動語態 be credited with 則表示:
被認為對某事有貢獻
被譽為某事的先驅或創始者
常見句型:
- A is credited with + 名詞
- A is credited with + V-ing
例句:
Alexander Fleming is credited with discovering penicillin.
Alexander Fleming 被譽為發現青黴素的人。