亞洲大學 112 年 《英文》
第 1 題
I am quite _______ to the weather in Taiwan, so I think I’ll stay here for another year.
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核心觀念
本題考「形容詞與介系詞的固定搭配」以及語意判斷。
句型:
表示「習慣於……、適應……」。其中 to 是介系詞,後面接名詞或動名詞。
題幹中的 the weather in Taiwan 是名詞片語,正好可接在 accustomed to 後面。
題幹定位與翻譯
關鍵句:
I am quite _______ to the weather in Taiwan, so I think I’ll stay here for another year.
翻譯:
我已經相當習慣台灣的天氣了,所以我想我會再留在這裡一年。
前半句說明「已適應台灣的天氣」,後半句 so I think I’ll stay here for another year 表示因為適應良好、住得習慣,因此打算再留一年,語意上應選 accustomed。
解題方法
先觀察空格後方的介系詞 to 與名詞片語 the weather in Taiwan,判斷是否能形成固定搭配:
be accustomed to + 名詞:習慣於……be devoted to + 名詞:致力於……、奉獻於……be satisfied with + 名詞:對……感到滿意be pleased with + 名詞:對……感到高興或滿意
題幹需要的是「習慣台灣的天氣」,因此固定搭配為 be accustomed to the weather。
選項分析
(A) devoted
be devoted to 表示「致力於……、奉獻於……」,通常用於人、事業、工作或理想,例如:
She is devoted to her research.
她致力於自己的研究。
the weather in Taiwan 並非需要投入心力或奉獻的對象,放入本句語意不通。
(B) satisfied
be satisfied with 表示「對……感到滿意」,固定介系詞是 with,不是 to。
正確例句:
I am satisfied with the service.
我對這項服務感到滿意。
第 2 題
A good reader can often figure out what new words mean by using _______.
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核心觀念
本題考查近義字辨析與語意判斷,重點是理解片語 figure out what new words mean,並判斷哪一個名詞能表示「透過上下文推測生字意思」。
句中:
- figure out:弄懂、找出答案、推測出
- new words:生字、新單字
- mean:表示……意思
- use context:利用上下文、語境
閱讀時,讀者常藉由生字前後的句子、相關描述、例子與語氣,推測該字的意思,這種語言線索稱為 context。
題幹定位與翻譯
A good reader can often figure out what new words mean by using context.
翻譯為:
好的讀者常常可以藉由使用上下文,推測出生字的意思。
其中 using context 正好符合「利用上下文猜測單字意義」的閱讀策略,因此答案為 context。
解題方法
先判斷空格需要填入的語意:
讀者可以透過 _______ 推測生字的意思。
能提供單字線索的,應是「上下文、語境」,而不是單純的內容、聯絡或比賽。
固定且常見的搭配是:
figure out the meaning of a word from context
從上下文推測單字的意思
因此選擇 context。
選項分析
(A) contact
- contact:接觸;聯絡;聯繫人
- 例:Please contact me later.
請稍後與我聯絡。
contact 表示人與人之間的接觸或聯絡,不能表示協助判斷單字意思的「上下文」。
句子若填入 contact,會變成「藉由使用聯絡來推測生字意思」,語意不通。
(B) context
- context:上下文;語境;背景脈絡
- 例:You can guess the meaning of the word from the context.
你可以從上下文猜出這個字的意思。
讀者可根據單字前後的句子、說明與整體語境推測生字意義,完全符合題幹語意。
因此 (B) context 正確。
(C) content
第 3 題
Being a very careful person, he is quite _______ in giving his comments.
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核心觀念
本題考查:
- 形容詞的字義辨析。
- 句意與上下文的語意搭配。
- 形容詞置於連綴動詞 be 後作主詞補語的用法。
句型為:
Being a very careful person, he is quite _______ in giving his comments.
其中 Being a very careful person 是分詞片語,表示「因為他是一個非常謹慎的人」;主句 he is quite _______ 中,空格需要填入形容詞,描述他「發表評論時」的態度。
解題方法
先定位關鍵線索:
Being a very careful person
因為他是一個非常謹慎的人
謹慎的人在發表意見時,通常不會輕易表態,也不會立刻說出所有想法,因此最適合的形容詞是 reserved,表示「拘謹的、含蓄保留的、不輕易表露意見的」。
完整句意為:
Being a very careful person, he is quite reserved in giving his comments.
因為他是一個非常謹慎的人,所以他在發表評論時相當含蓄保留。
選項分析
(A) reserved 保留的;含蓄的;拘謹的
reserved 可形容一個人不輕易表達情感、意見或個人想法,與「very careful person」及「giving his comments」的語境完全吻合。
片語 be reserved in giving comments 表示「在發表評論時有所保留」,符合題意,因此為正確答案。
(B) melancholy 憂鬱的;悲傷的
第 4 題
Most viewers agreed that the movie _______ was not as good as the book.
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核心觀念:語意搭配與名詞辨義
本題考查名詞的語意,以及名詞與 movie 的常見搭配。
題幹中的關鍵結構是:
Most viewers agreed that the movie _______ was not as good as the book.
大多數觀眾都同意,電影的______不如原著好。
句意是在比較「電影版本」與「書籍原著」的品質,因此空格應填 version,表示「版本」。
movie version 是常見搭配,意為「電影版、電影版本」;此處完整意思為:
Most viewers agreed that the movie version was not as good as the book.
大多數觀眾都同意,電影版不如這本書好。
解題方法
先掌握句子的比較關係:
- the movie version:電影版本
- the book:書籍、原著
- was not as good as:不如……好
句型 not as + 形容詞 + as 表示「不如……」,例如:
- This film is not as good as the novel.
這部電影不如這部小說好。 - The second edition is not as useful as the first edition.
第二版不如第一版實用。
題目是在比較同一作品的「電影形式」與「書籍形式」,因此 version 最符合語意與搭配。
選項分析
(A) routine
routine 作名詞時表示「例行工作、慣例、固定程序」,作形容詞時表示「例行的、慣常的」。
- daily routine:日常作息
- exercise routine:運動例行安排
movie routine 不表示「電影版本」,放入句中會變成「電影的例行程序」,與後面的 the book 進行品質比較不合語意,因此錯誤。
(B) version
version 表示「版本、形式、改編本」,可用於同一內容的不同呈現方式。
常見搭配包括:
第 5 題
The issue of environmental protection has not received much attention until very _______.
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核心觀念
本題考查:
- 「not...until...」句型
- 副詞與語意的搭配
recently、seriously、amazingly、dangerously的詞義辨析
句型:
主詞 + has not + 過去分詞 + until + 時間副詞
表示「直到某個時間點以前,都沒有……」。
very recently 意為「就在最近、直到非常近期」,因此:
has not received much attention until very recently
直到最近,才受到較多關注。
題幹定位與翻譯
題幹原文:
The issue of environmental protection has not received much attention until very _______.
翻譯:
環境保護的議題直到非常____才受到很多關注。
until very _______ 後面需要填入表示「最近」的時間副詞,形成固定且自然的片語:
until very recently
直到最近
完整翻譯:
環境保護的議題直到最近才受到很多關注。
解題方法
先觀察空格前的 very。very 在此用來修飾時間副詞 recently,表示「非常近期」:
very recently:就在最近until very recently:直到最近
再觀察主要動詞片語:
receive much attention
受到很多關注
整句的語意是:環境保護議題在過去一直沒有受到太多注意,直到最近才開始受到關注。因此空格必須填入表示「最近」的副詞。
答案為 (B) recently。
選項分析
(A) seriously
seriously 意為「嚴重地;認真地;嚴肅地」。
雖然 seriously 是副詞,但搭配方式不符合本句語意。receive attention seriously 並不是自然的英文表達;本句需要的是時間概念,而不是「認真地受到注意」。
錯誤搭配:
has not received much attention until very seriously
語意不通。
(B) recently
recently 意為「最近;近來」。
第 6 題
The old man could _______ swallow because his throat was too dry.
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核心觀念
本題考查:
- 副詞的語意辨析。
- 情態助動詞 後接原形動詞。
- 根據上下文判斷副詞與句意的搭配。
句型為:
空格後的 是原形動詞,因此四個選項在文法形式上皆可置於此處,關鍵在於語意是否符合上下文。
題幹定位與翻譯
題幹為:
The old man could _______ swallow because his throat was too dry.
翻譯:
這位老人幾乎無法吞嚥,因為他的喉嚨太乾了。
其中, 引導原因子句,說明「喉嚨太乾」造成吞嚥困難,因此空格應填表示「幾乎不能」的副詞。
解題方法
是程度副詞,意為「幾乎不、幾乎不能」。放入句中:
The old man could hardly swallow because his throat was too dry.
意思是:
這位老人幾乎無法吞嚥,因為他的喉嚨太乾了。
「喉嚨太乾」與「幾乎無法吞嚥」在因果關係上完全合理,因此選 。
選項分析
- (A) 該選項的副詞:意為「實際上、事實上」。
表示「實際上能夠吞嚥」,與後面的「喉嚨太乾」造成困難的語意不一致,無法表達老人吞嚥困難,因此錯誤。
第 7 題
Although some things are _______, they nevertheless exist.
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核心觀念
本題考「讓步副詞子句」與形容詞的語意判斷。
句型為:
Although + 主詞 + be 動詞 + 形容詞, 主詞 + 動詞.
- Although:雖然,即使,表示讓步。
- nevertheless:然而、儘管如此,與前面的 Although 呼應。
- exist:存在。
題幹中的關鍵語意是:某些事物具有某種特徵,卻不影響它們「存在」這項事實。因此空格應填入能與「存在」形成對比的形容詞。
解題方法
定位答案的關鍵句為:
Although some things are _______, they nevertheless exist.
翻譯為:
雖然有些事物是_______的,然而它們仍然存在。
「看不見」與「存在」形成自然的讓步關係:事物即使無法被看見,仍然可以確實存在。因此空格應填入 invisible。
完整句子為:
Although some things are invisible, they nevertheless exist.
雖然有些事物是看不見的,然而它們仍然存在。
選項分析
(A) important:重要的
Although some things are important, they nevertheless exist.
意思是「雖然有些事物很重要,但它們仍然存在」。重要與存在並非相互衝突的概念;事物重要,通常正是因為它們存在並具有影響力,因此讓步語意不自然。錯誤在於無法形成題目所需的對比。
(B) intelligent:聰明的、有智慧的
第 8 題
They were behind schedule and had to apply for _______ manpower to complete their project in time.
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核心觀念
本題考查:
- 形容詞與名詞的語意搭配。
- 依上下文判斷適當字義。
- 職場英文中表示「額外人力」的常見用語。
句型為:
had to apply for + 名詞
其中 manpower 是不可數名詞,意為「人力、人手」。空格需要填入能修飾 manpower,且符合專案趕工語境的形容詞。
解題方法
題幹中的關鍵線索是:
They were behind schedule and had to apply for _______ manpower to complete their project in time.
翻譯為:
他們進度落後,必須申請額外人力,才能及時完成專案。
behind schedule 表示「落後進度」,to complete their project in time 表示「為了及時完成專案」。既然原有的人力不足,便需要增加人手,因此空格應填「額外的」:
extra manpower = 額外人力、額外人手
完整句意為:
他們進度落後,必須申請額外人力,才能及時完成專案。
因此答案為 (B) extra。
選項分析
(A) basic
basic 意為「基本的、基礎的」。
basic manpower 可勉強理解為「基本人力」,但此語意無法回應「進度落後、需要增加人手」的上下文。題幹需要的是在原有人力之外再增加的人力,而不是「基礎人力」。
因此 (A) 不合語意。
(B) extra
extra 意為「額外的、多餘的、另外增加的」。
extra manpower 是自然且常見的搭配,表示「額外人力」。由於團隊進度落後,原本的人力不足以在期限前完成專案,所以必須申請額外人手支援。
因此 (B) 正確。
(C) introductory
introductory 意為「介紹性的、入門的、初階的」。
此字通常修飾課程、教材、演講或文章,例如:
第 9 題
Out of _______ and consideration, I always write a thank-you note when someone sends me a gift.
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核心觀念
本題考「固定搭配與語意判斷」,句型為:
out of + 名詞:出於……、基於……
題幹中的 out of courtesy and consideration 是自然且常見的搭配,表示「出於禮貌與體貼」。
- courtesy:禮貌、客氣、禮節
- consideration:體貼、替他人著想
- thank-you note:感謝函、謝卡
- send someone a gift:送某人禮物
解題方法
先判斷句意:
Out of _______ and consideration, I always write a thank-you note when someone sends me a gift.
出於__與體貼,當有人送我禮物時,我總是會寫一張感謝卡。
「收到禮物後寫感謝卡」是出於社交禮貌與對送禮者的體貼,因此空格應填 courtesy。
完整句意為:
Out of courtesy and consideration, I always write a thank-you note when someone sends me a gift.
出於禮貌與體貼,當有人送我禮物時,我總是會寫一張感謝卡。
句中的 and 連接兩個名詞,形成平行結構:
courtesy and consideration
禮貌與體貼
選項分析
(A) concentration
- concentration:專心、集中;濃度
- out of concentration 並非此處適合的固定搭配。
- 「出於專心與體貼」無法合理說明為何收到禮物後要寫感謝卡,因此錯誤。
(B) convenience
第 10 題
Nowadays students can _______ information from a variety of sources, such as computers, television, and compact discs.
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核心觀念
本題考「字義辨析」與「動詞搭配」。句型為:
Nowadays students can _______ information from a variety of sources, such as computers, television, and compact discs.
情態助動詞 can 後面要接原形動詞;空格後的受詞是 information,因此必須選擇能表示「取得、查閱資訊」且可直接接受詞的動詞。
解題方法
先定位語意:
Nowadays students can _______ information from a variety of sources
翻譯為:
現今學生可以從各種來源取得資訊。
其中「從各種來源取得資訊」最自然的英文搭配是:
access information from various sources
access 作動詞時,意為「取得、使用、存取(資訊或資料)」,常見搭配包括:
- access information:取得資訊
- access data:存取資料
- access a website:進入/使用網站
- access online resources:使用線上資源
因此空格應填 access。
選項分析
(A) press
press 作動詞主要表示「按壓、壓迫、催促」,也可表示「按下按鈕」或「逼迫某人」。
例如:
- press a button:按按鈕
- press someone to answer:催促某人回答
雖然 press 可以接受詞,但 press information 不表示「取得資訊」,與句意及慣用搭配不符,因此錯誤。
(B) express
express 作動詞意為「表達、表示、流露」。
例如:
第 11 題
For hours, we have heard nothing but negative criticism. Why can’t you say something more _______?
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核心觀念
本題考「字義判斷」與「語境對比」。題幹先指出說話者長時間聽到的都是 negative criticism(負面的批評),接著詢問能否說些更具正面建設性的話。因此空格需要填入與 negative 相對、且能修飾 criticism 或 something 的形容詞。
題幹定位與翻譯
For hours, we have heard nothing but negative criticism. Why can’t you say something more _______?
翻譯:
好幾個小時以來,我們除了負面的批評之外什麼也沒聽到。你為什麼不能說些更具__性的話?
關鍵在於 negative criticism 與 more _______ 的語意對比。既然前文是「負面批評」,後文希望對方提出有幫助、能改善問題的批評,最適合的搭配是 constructive criticism。
解題方法
先判斷空格的詞性。句型為:
say something more + 形容詞
因此空格應填入能描述 something 或 criticism 性質的形容詞。再根據語意,前文的 negative 表示「負面的、否定的」,後文需要與其相對的「有建設性的、能提供改善方向的」。
constructive 的意思是「建設性的、具有積極幫助的」,常見搭配為:
- constructive criticism:建設性的批評
- constructive suggestion:具建設性的建議
- constructive feedback:有助益的回饋
整句可理解為:
你為什麼不能說些更具建設性的話?
選項分析
(A) ambitious
ambitious 意為「有野心的;雄心勃勃的」。通常用來形容人、目標、計畫或抱負,例如:
- an ambitious student:有企圖心的學生
- an ambitious plan:雄心勃勃的計畫
第 12 題
The child was _______. He just sat there and waited for something to happen.
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核心觀念
本題考「形容詞的語意判斷」與「上下文線索」。
句型為:
The child was _______.
was 為連綴動詞,後面接形容詞,描述主詞 the child 的狀態或特質。下一句:
He just sat there and waited for something to happen.
他只是坐在那裡,等待某件事情發生。
由「只是坐著等待,沒有主動採取行動」可知,孩童的表現是「被動的、消極的」,因此填入 passive。
關鍵單字與片語
child:小孩、兒童passive:被動的、消極的;不主動的expressive:有表現力的;善於表達情感的extensive:廣泛的;大量的;範圍大的persuasive:有說服力的just:只是、僅僅sit there:坐在那裡wait for something to happen:等待某件事情發生
解題方法
先觀察文法結構:
四個選項皆可作為形容詞,因此關鍵在語意。
再利用第二句判斷孩童的行為:
just sat there:只是坐在那裡waited for something to happen:等待事情自行發生
這種不主動、不積極採取行動的狀態,正好符合 passive 的意思。
完整句意為:
The child was passive. He just sat there and waited for something to happen.
那個小孩很被動。他只是坐在那裡,等待某件事情發生。
選項分析
(A) passive:被動的、消極的
第 13 題
After dinner, Richard offered to pay the bill, but May insisted that they do it _______.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念
本題考查:
- 關鍵片語 pay the bill:支付帳單。
- separately:分開地、各自地。
- 語意判斷:Richard 想替兩人付帳,但 May 堅持兩人要各自付費,也就是俗稱的 split the bill。
- 文法結構:insist that + 主詞 + 原形動詞,因此使用 do,表示「堅持某人做某事」。
解題方法
定位答案的關鍵句為:
After dinner, Richard offered to pay the bill, but May insisted that they do it _______.
翻譯:
晚餐後,Richard 主動提出要付帳,但 May 堅持他們要______付帳。
前半句說 Richard 願意一人支付帳單;後半句以 but 表示 May 的想法與 Richard 不同。因此空格應填入表示「分開、各自」的副詞,意義為兩人各自支付自己的部分。
填入 separately 後:
May insisted that they do it separately.
意思是:
May 堅持他們要分開付帳,亦即各自付自己的費用。
因此官方答案為 (B)。
選項分析
(A) generously
generously 意為「慷慨地、大方地」。
若填入:
May insisted that they do it generously.
意思接近「May 堅持他們要慷慨地付帳」,語意不符合上下文。題目討論的是「由誰付帳、如何分攤帳單」,不是付款時是否慷慨,因此錯誤。
(B) separately
separately 意為「分開地、各自地」。
pay separately
是常見用法,表示「分開付款、各付各的」。這與 Richard 想代付、May 卻堅持分開付帳的語境完全吻合,故為正確答案。
(C) completely
第 14 題
_______ all the newspaper and television attention, the problem of child abuse has become well-known.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念
本題考「介系詞片語的語意判斷」,重點在於辨認前後句之間的邏輯關係。
題幹後半句:
the problem of child abuse has become well-known
虐待兒童的問題已經廣為人知。
前面的「大量報紙與電視媒體的關注」是造成此結果的原因,因此空格應填入表示「由於、因此」的片語。
解題方法
句型為:
_______ + 名詞片語, 主詞 + 動詞……
四個選項後面都可以接名詞片語,因此不能只依文法形式判斷,必須分析語意。
題幹完整句意為:
As a result of all the newspaper and television attention, the problem of child abuse has become well-known.
由於受到報紙與電視媒體的大量關注,虐待兒童的問題已經廣為人知。
「媒體大量報導」是原因,「虐待兒童問題廣為人知」是結果,兩者構成因果關係,故選 As a result of。
選項分析
(A) As a result of
意為「由於、因為……的結果」。後面接名詞或名詞片語,用來表示原因或導致的結果。
- all the newspaper and television attention:報紙與電視媒體的大量關注
- the problem has become well-known:問題已廣為人知
前者是原因,後者是結果,語意完全通順,因此正確。
(B) Apart from
意為「除了……之外;撇開……不談」。此片語主要表示排除、補充或另論某件事,沒有「因為」的意思。
第 15 題
If I can help you with the project, don’t _______ to call me.
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核心觀念
本題考查:
- 關鍵單字的詞義辨析。
- 固定搭配 don’t hesitate to + 原形動詞,表示「不要猶豫做某事;儘管做某事」。
- 動詞後方所需的句型結構。
題幹翻譯與答案定位
題幹:
If I can help you with the project, don’t _______ to call me.
翻譯:
如果我能在這項專案上幫助你,請不要猶豫打電話給我。
其中 don’t hesitate to call me 是常見固定用法,意思是「不要猶豫打電話給我」或「有需要儘管打電話給我」。
完整句意為:
如果我能在這項專案上幫助你,有需要儘管打電話給我。
解題方法
先觀察空格後方的結構:
don’t _______ to call me
空格後接 to + 原形動詞,最符合的固定搭配是:
hesitate to V:猶豫做某事
因此:
don’t hesitate to call me
不要猶豫打電話給我;儘管打電話給我
前面的 If I can help you with the project 是條件副詞子句,表示「如果我能幫助你」。主句使用祈使句:
don’t + 原形動詞
所以空格應填入原形動詞 hesitate。
選項分析
(A) concern
concern 可作動詞,表示「使擔心;涉及」,也可作名詞表示「擔憂;關切的事」。
常見用法包括:
- concern someone:使某人擔心
- be concerned about:對……感到擔心
- concern oneself with:使自己關注……
但 concern to call me 並不是自然或正確的固定搭配。句子不能寫成:
Don’t concern to call me.
因此不選 concern。
(B) hesitate
hesitate 是動詞,表示「猶豫;遲疑」。
固定搭配:
hesitate to + 原形動詞
例如:
Please don’t hesitate to ask questions.
請不要猶豫提出問題。
本題:
don’t hesitate to call me
文法結構正確,語意也符合「有需要就打電話給我」,因此選 hesitate。
(C) notify
notify 是動詞,表示「通知;告知」。
常見句型為:
第 16 題
Mr. Wang’s arguments were very _______, and the committee finally accepted his proposal.
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核心觀念
本題考「形容詞字義與語境判斷」。
句型為:
Mr. Wang’s arguments were very _______.
were 是 be 動詞,後面接形容詞,修飾主詞 arguments。後半句提到:
the committee finally accepted his proposal
委員會最後接受了他的提案。
因此,王先生提出的論點應具有「很有說服力」的特質,才能使委員會接受提案。
題幹定位與翻譯
Mr. Wang’s arguments were very persuasive, and the committee finally accepted his proposal.
王先生的論點非常有說服力,因此委員會最後接受了他的提案。
關鍵線索是 accepted his proposal。委員會接受提案,表示他的論點能夠說服委員會,因此空格應填 persuasive。
解題方法
先由文法判斷,空格位於 were very 後方,須填入形容詞。
再由語意判斷,前後句以 and 連接,後句說明委員會接受提案的結果。前句應表達王先生的論點具備足以說服他人的特質:
persuasive arguments:有說服力的論點- 使人接受提案:表示論點有效、具說服力
所以正確答案為 (C) persuasive。
選項分析
(A) artificial:人工的;不自然的;矯揉造作的
若填入:
Mr. Wang’s arguments were very artificial.
意思是「王先生的論點非常不自然/矯揉造作」。這個形容詞不能合理說明委員會最後接受提案的原因,語意不合。
(B) inappropriate:不適當的;不恰當的
若填入:
第 17 題
The territorial dispute can be _______ back to the year 1917, when the two countries were at war.
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核心觀念
本題考查:
- 動詞片語的固定搭配。
- 被動語態:。
- 表示「追溯至某個年代/起源於某個時間」的語意。
句型為:
The territorial dispute can be traced back to the year 1917.
其中 trace A back to B 表示「將 A 追溯至 B」,被動形式 A can be traced back to B 表示「A 可以追溯至 B」。
題幹定位與翻譯
The territorial dispute can be _______ back to the year 1917, when the two countries were at war.
翻譯:
這項領土爭端可以追溯至 1917 年,當時兩國正處於戰爭狀態。
句中出現 back to the year 1917,表示要追溯爭端的歷史起源,因此應使用 traced back to。
解題方法
先觀察文法結構:
can be + _______ + back to
後面需要接過去分詞,形成被動語態。四個選項皆可視為過去分詞形式,因此不能只靠文法判斷,必須進一步檢查語意與搭配。
題幹主詞是 The territorial dispute,後面接時間 the year 1917,語意是「這項爭端的歷史可以追溯到 1917 年」。符合此意的固定片語是:
be traced back to + 時間/起點
因此選 (C) traced。
選項分析
(A) held
hold 有「持有、舉行、保持」等意思;hold back 通常表示「阻止、抑制、延遲」。
例如:
- The heavy rain held back the construction work.
大雨延誤了工程。
句中若填入 held:
The territorial dispute can be held back to the year 1917.
會變成「這項領土爭端可以被延遲/阻止到 1917 年」,語意不合,也沒有「追溯歷史起源」的意思,故錯誤。
(B) recalled
recall 表示「回想、召回、收回」。recall back 並不是本題表示「追溯至某年」的正確固定搭配。
若要表達「回想起某件事」,可說:
I recalled the event.
若要表達「把某人召回」,可說:
The manager recalled the employee.
填入後:
第 18 題
During the lunch hour, Jane _______ her notes so she would remember them for the test.
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核心觀念
本題考「片語動詞(phrasal verb)」的語意判斷,以及上下文對動詞片語的限制。
題幹中的關鍵是:
During the lunch hour, Jane _______ her notes so she would remember them for the test.
午餐時間,Jane _______ 她的筆記,這樣她就能記住內容以應付考試。
「閱讀、複習筆記」可用片語 run over something,表示「快速複習、瀏覽某事物」。因為主詞 Jane 的動作發生在過去,動詞須使用過去式 ran,因此答案為 ran over。
解題方法
先觀察句意:
- Jane 的目的是「記住筆記內容」。
- 後面的 so she would remember them for the test 表示「所以她能為考試記住這些內容」。
- 因此空格需要填入「複習、快速瀏覽筆記」的片語。
run over something 有「快速複習、瀏覽某內容」之意:
- run over one’s notes:快速複習某人的筆記
- run over the main points:快速瀏覽重點
題幹使用過去時間背景,因此:
完整句意為:
During the lunch hour, Jane ran over her notes so she would remember them for the test.
午餐時間,Jane 快速複習她的筆記,以便記住內容來應付考試。
選項分析
(A) ran into
run into 主要有以下意思:
- 偶然遇見
- I ran into an old friend yesterday.
我昨天偶然遇到一位老朋友。
- 撞上
- 遇到問題或困難
- We ran into some trouble.
我們遇到了一些麻煩。
ran into her notes 不能表示「複習她的筆記」,與「為考試記住內容」的語境不符,因此錯誤。
第 19 題
We shall expect you at eight o’clock; _______, it’s an informal dinner.
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核心觀念
本題考「片語副詞」的語意與上下文銜接。空格位於分號後,前句已說明晚餐時間,後句補充晚餐的性質,因此需要能表達「順帶一提、題外補充」的連接語。
關鍵片語如下:
- by accident:偶然地、意外地
- by all means:當然可以、務必
- by the way:順帶一提、附帶一提
- by then:到那時、截至那時
解題方法
先定位上下文:
We shall expect you at eight o’clock; _______, it’s an informal dinner.
我們預期您在八點抵達;順帶一提,這是一場非正式的晚餐。
前句交代「八點到」,後句補充「晚餐是非正式的」。兩句之間不是因果、時間先後或允許關係,而是說話者補充另一項相關資訊,因此應選表示補充話題的 by the way。
句中逗號也符合 by the way 作為插入語的用法:
We shall expect you at eight o’clock; by the way, it’s an informal dinner.
選項分析
(A) by accident
意為「偶然地、意外地」,用來描述某件事不是有意安排而發生,例如:
I met him by accident.
我偶然遇見他。
本句是在補充晚餐的形式,沒有「意外發生」的意思,因此不合語境。
第 20 題
Stricter measures have been taken to _______ potential dangers concerning cigarette-smoking.
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核心觀念
本題考查:
- 動詞片語(phrasal verbs)的語意辨識。
to + 原形動詞的不定詞用法,表示採取措施的目的。- 依據受詞
potential dangers判斷最合適的動作。
題幹中的關鍵結構為:
Stricter measures have been taken to ward off potential dangers concerning cigarette-smoking.
意思是:「人們已採取更嚴格的措施,以防止與吸菸有關的潛在危險。」
其中:
stricter measures:更嚴格的措施have been taken:已被採取,現在完成式被動語態to + ward off:為了防止、避免potential dangers:潛在危險concerning:關於、涉及cigarette-smoking:吸菸
解題方法
先觀察 potential dangers(潛在危險)是需要被「防止、避免」的對象,因此空格應填入具有「阻擋危險、避免危險發生」意義的動詞片語。
ward off 的意思是「防止、避開、抵禦」,可直接搭配 danger、disease、attack、threat 等表示負面事物的名詞。
句型分析如下:
即:
「已採取措施,為了防止危險。」
因此正確答案為 (A) ward off。
選項分析
(A) ward off——防止;避開;抵禦
ward off 表示採取行動使危險、疾病或攻擊不發生,或將其阻擋在外。
代入句中:
第 21 題
The sentence written on the board is _______. It has more than one meaning.
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核心觀念
本題考查字義辨析與語意判斷。句中關鍵線索是:
It has more than one meaning.
它具有不只一種意思。
「具有不只一種意思」表示句子的意義不明確,可能有多種解釋,因此應選表示「模稜兩可的、含義不明的」的形容詞 ambiguous。
句型為:
The sentence written on the board is _______.
寫在黑板上的句子是 _______。
is 為連綴動詞,後面接形容詞作主詞補語,用來描述 The sentence 的性質。
解題方法
先抓住第二句對第一句的解釋:
It has more than one meaning.
它有不只一種意思。
能表達「一個字、句子或說法具有多種解釋,因而不夠明確」的單字是 ambiguous。
完整句意為:
The sentence written on the board is ambiguous. It has more than one meaning.
寫在黑板上的句子是模稜兩可的,它有不只一種意思。
選項分析
(A) ambiguous
ambiguous 意為「模稜兩可的、含義不明的、可作多種解釋的」。
當一個句子、字詞或說法可能產生兩種以上的意思時,就可使用 ambiguous。本題第二句直接指出該句「有不只一種意思」,與 ambiguous 的定義完全相符。
因此,(A) 正確。
(B) convincing
convincing 意為「有說服力的、令人信服的」。
例如:
Her explanation was convincing.
她的解釋很有說服力。
convincing 描述的是能否使人相信某件事,與句子具有多種意思無關。題幹並未提到說服力,因此不適合。
第 22 題
Many students find it hard to focus on their studies when holidays are _______.
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核心觀念
本題考「動詞語意」與「現在進行式」的搭配。
句型為:
Many students find it hard to focus on their studies when holidays are _______.
其中 holidays are + V-ing 表示「假期正在……、假期逐漸……」。空格應填入能表達「假期即將到來」的動詞。
approach 表示「接近、靠近;即將來臨」,其現在分詞為 approaching。因此:
holidays are approaching
假期即將到來
完整句意為:
Many students find it hard to focus on their studies when holidays are approaching.
當假期即將到來時,許多學生會覺得很難專心讀書。
解題方法
先觀察主詞與句型:
- 主詞:holidays,複數
- be 動詞:are
- 空格:應填現在分詞,形成現在進行式 are + V-ing
再依語意判斷。句子想表達的是「假期快到了,學生因此難以專心讀書」,最自然的搭配是:
holidays are approaching
這是英文中常見的固定語意搭配,表示某個時間、事件或節日逐漸接近。
選項分析
(A) approaching:正確,意為「接近的、即將到來的」。
- holidays are approaching = 假期即將到來
- 符合文法上的 are + V-ing
- 也符合句子的因果語意:假期快到了,學生開始期待假期,因此難以專心讀書。
(B) dismissing:錯誤,意為「解散、解雇、不予考慮」。
- dismiss 常用於:
- dismiss a student:讓學生離開、斥退學生
- dismiss an employee:解雇員工
- dismiss an idea:不予考慮某個想法
第 23 題
Cars in the future will be characterized by their _______ use of gasoline.
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核心觀念
本題考「字義辨析」與「形容詞修飾名詞」的語意判斷。
題幹中的空格位於名詞片語:
their _______ use of gasoline
空格後的核心名詞是 use,因此需要填入形容詞,修飾「使用汽油的方式」。關鍵在於判斷哪個形容詞能合理描述未來汽車使用汽油的特性。
題幹定位與翻譯
題幹原文:
Cars in the future will be characterized by their _______ use of gasoline.
翻譯:
未來的汽車將以其____汽油的使用方式為特色。
其中:
- be characterized by:以……為特色;具有……的特徵
- use of gasoline:汽油的使用
- efficient use of gasoline:有效率地使用汽油;節省汽油、提高燃油使用效率
未來汽車通常會朝向節能、降低油耗與提升燃油效率發展,因此最合理的搭配是 efficient use of gasoline。
解題方法
先判斷空格的詞性。空格位於名詞 use 前方,須填入形容詞;四個選項皆可作形容詞,因此接著比較語意。
將各選項代入:
Cars in the future will be characterized by their efficient use of gasoline.
意思是:
未來的汽車將以高效率使用汽油為特色。
句意完整自然,且符合汽車科技發展的常識,因此選擇 (B) efficient。
選項分析
(A) affective
affective 的意思是「情感的;感情方面的」,與心理或情緒有關,例如:
- affective disorder:情感性疾患
- affective response:情感反應
若代入句中,會變成:
their affective use of gasoline
意思近似「以情感方式使用汽油」,語意不合。汽車使用汽油不涉及情感,因此錯誤。
需特別注意,affective 容易與 effective 混淆:
- affective:情感的
- effective:有效的;有效果的
- efficient:有效率的;以較少資源達成良好結果的
本題正確答案是 efficient,不是 affective。
(B) efficient
efficient 的意思是「有效率的;高效能的」,表示以較少的資源、能源或時間達成良好的結果。
efficient use of gasoline
表示「有效率地使用汽油」,可理解為:
第 24 題
The young man owes his success to many people, his parents _______.
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核心觀念
本題考「副詞片語的語意與上下文搭配」,尤其是:
- in particular:特別地;尤其是
- after all:畢竟;終究
- by chance:偶然地;碰巧
- on purpose:故意地
題幹句型為:
The young man owes his success to many people, his parents _______.
其中逗號後的 his parents _______ 是補充說明,表示「在許多人當中,特別是他的父母」。因此空格應填能表達「特別、尤其」的片語。
解題方法
先掌握主要句意:
The young man owes his success to many people, his parents in particular.
翻譯為:
這位年輕人的成功歸功於許多人,尤其是他的父母。
句中先說 many people,接著以逗號補充指出其中最重要、最具代表性的一部分——his parents。因此需要使用 in particular,形成:
many people, his parents in particular
許多人,尤其是他的父母
此處的 in particular 修飾並強調 his parents,符合語意與句法功能。
選項分析
(A) after all
after all 的意思是「畢竟、終究」,常用來補充理由或提醒某個既定事實,例如:
He is only a child, after all.
畢竟,他只是一個孩子。
若填入後為:
his parents after all
意思會變成「他的父母,畢竟」,無法自然表達「在許多人之中,尤其是他的父母」。此處需要的是「特別指出某一部分」,不是補充「畢竟」的語氣,因此錯誤。
(B) by chance
by chance 的意思是「偶然地、碰巧地」,表示事情不是刻意安排或預期發生,例如:
I met my old friend by chance.
我偶然遇到了老朋友。
第 25 題
He was late for the meeting _______ the heavy rain.
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核心觀念
本題考「原因與結果」的介系詞片語,以及不同片語的語意辨識。
句意為:「他因為大雨而開會遲到。」
「大雨」是遲到的原因,「遲到」是結果,因此應選表示「因為、由於」的片語。
as a result of + 名詞
意思是「由於……;因為……」,用來表示原因。
解題方法
先找出句中的結果與原因:
- 結果:He was late for the meeting(他開會遲到)
- 原因:the heavy rain(大雨)
完整句子為:
He was late for the meeting as a result of the heavy rain.
他因為大雨而開會遲到。
「as a result of」表示前面的事件是後面名詞所造成的結果,符合句意,因此答案為 (A)。
選項分析
(A) as a result of
意思是「由於……;因為……」。
例句:
The flight was delayed as a result of the storm.
班機因為暴風雨而延誤。
放入題幹後:
He was late for the meeting as a result of the heavy rain.
語意是「他因為大雨而開會遲到」,因果關係完整,故正確。
(B) in accordance with
意思是「依照……;按照……;符合……」。
通常用於規則、法律、指示、協議等。例如:
The work was completed in accordance with the regulations.
這項工作依照規定完成。
題幹中的 the heavy rain 是自然現象,不是規則或標準。「依照大雨而遲到」語意不通,故錯誤。
(C) in spite of
意思是「儘管……;雖然……」,表示讓步或對比,後面接名詞或動名詞。
例如:
第 26 題
The traffic in the city was _______ today, so Jane got home earlier than usual.
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核心觀念
本題考查交通情境中的語意判斷,以及形容詞 heavy 與 light 的反義用法。
題幹為:
The traffic in the city was light today, so Jane got home earlier than usual.
今天市區的交通很順暢/車流量很少,所以 Jane 比平常早回到家。
關鍵線索是 so Jane got home earlier than usual(所以 Jane 比平常早到家)。既然回家時間較早,表示路上車流量少、交通不擁塞,因此應填入 light。
解題方法
先判斷後半句與前半句的因果關係:
- so 表示「所以」,連接原因與結果。
- Jane 比平常早到家,結果顯示交通狀況良好、車流量少。
- 描述交通「車流量少、不擁塞」時,英文使用 light traffic。
完整句意為:
The traffic in the city was light today, so Jane got home earlier than usual.
今天市區交通不擁塞,所以 Jane 比平常早回家。
其中 traffic 為不可數名詞,表示「交通、車流量」,常與 heavy 或 light 搭配:
- heavy traffic:交通擁塞、車流量大
- light traffic:交通順暢、車流量少
選項分析
(A) heavy
heavy traffic 是常見搭配,表示「交通擁塞、車流量很大」。若填入此選項,句意會變成:
今天市區交通很擁塞,所以 Jane 比平常早到家。
「交通擁塞」通常會使通勤時間增加,不符合 got home earlier than usual 的結果,因此錯誤。
(B) weak
weak 的意思是「虛弱的、薄弱的、力量不足的」,常用來描述人、力量、訊號、論點等,例如:
- a weak person:虛弱的人
- a weak signal:微弱的訊號
- a weak argument:薄弱的論點
英文通常不說 weak traffic 來表示「交通稀少」或「交通順暢」,不符合 traffic 的慣用搭配,因此錯誤。
(C) scarce
第 27 題
He made his instruction _______ and direct so that everyone could follow easily.
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核心觀念
本題考查:
- 使役動詞 make + 受詞 + 形容詞補語
句型為:
表示「使某人或某事物呈現某種狀態」。
題目中的:
He made his instruction _______ and direct.
結構是:
- He:主詞
- made:使役動詞
- his instruction:受詞
- _______ and direct:受詞補語,兩個形容詞並列
- 依語意選擇適合的形容詞
後半句:
so that everyone could follow easily.
意思是「因此每個人都能輕易遵循」,可知他的指示必須是「清楚、明確」的。
解題方法
先判斷空格的詞性。空格與 direct 由連接詞 and 連接,因此空格應填入形容詞,且要能描述 instruction。
再利用因果語意判斷:
so that everyone could follow easily
因此每個人都能輕易遵循
若指示要讓所有人容易遵循,就必須表達清楚、具體,答案為 explicit。
完整句意為:
He made his instruction explicit and direct so that everyone could follow easily.
他把指示說得明確而直接,因此每個人都能輕易遵循。
題幹定位與翻譯
關鍵語句是:
so that everyone could follow easily
翻譯為:
因此每個人都能輕易遵循。
這個結果直接提示前面的 instruction 必須清楚明確,與 explicit 的語意相符。
選項分析
(A) tentative
- tentative:暫定的、試探性的、猶豫不決的
- 例:a tentative plan
暫定計畫
第 28 題
Peter’s sudden death was a great blow to Jane and it took her a long time to _______ the grief.
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核心觀念
本題考「動詞片語(phrasal verb)」的語意與搭配。句中關鍵結構是:
it took her a long time to _______ the grief.
她花了很長的時間來____這份悲傷。
其中 to 後面接原形動詞,因此四個選項在文法形式上皆可接入;真正的判斷重點是動詞片語與 the grief 的語意是否搭配。
get over 表示「從疾病、困難、打擊或悲傷中恢復過來;克服、走出」。
解題方法
先抓住句意:
- Peter’s sudden death:Peter 的突然死亡
- a great blow to Jane:對 Jane 是很大的打擊
- it took her a long time:她花了很長時間
- the grief:悲傷、哀痛
整句描述 Jane 因親近的人突然死亡而長期沉浸在悲傷中,最後逐漸走出這份悲痛。因此需要表達「克服、從悲傷中恢復」的動詞片語。
get over + 不愉快的經歷/疾病/情緒,正好符合此語境。
題幹定位答案的關鍵句為:
it took her a long time to get over the grief.
她花了很長的時間才走出這份悲痛。
選項分析
(A) put out
put out 常見意思包括:
- 撲滅:
put out the fire撲滅火 - 熄滅:
put out the candle熄滅蠟燭 - 發布、出版:
put out a newspaper - 使某人感到不便或不悅
put out the grief 不表示「克服悲傷」,語意搭配不成立,因此錯誤。
(B) get over
get over 表示「從某種打擊、悲傷、疾病或困難中恢復;克服」。
常見搭配包括:
get over an illness從疾病中康復get over a breakup走出分手的傷痛get over the shock從震驚中恢復get over the grief走出悲痛
第 29 題
I’d like to thank you for your hospitality _______ our group.
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核心觀念
本題考「介系詞片語的語意辨析」,重點在於判斷空格後的 our group 與前方動詞 thank 之間的語意關係。
句型為:
I’d like to thank you for your hospitality _______ our group.
其中:
I’d like to thank you:我想要感謝你for your hospitality:感謝你的熱情款待on behalf of our group:代表我們這一群人
on behalf of 是固定片語,表示「代表某人或某團體」,常用於正式致詞、致謝或發表聲明。
解題方法
先掌握句子的主要意思:
I’d like to thank you for your hospitality _______ our group.
我想要感謝你熱情款待我們這一群人,並且是代表本團體表達謝意。
空格後面是 our group,最自然的語意是「代表我們這一群人向你致謝」,因此填入:
I’d like to thank you for your hospitality on behalf of our group.
完整翻譯為:
我謹代表我們這一團體,感謝你們的熱情款待。
選項分析
(A) on behalf of
on behalf of 意為「代表」,用來表示某人代替某團體表達意見、感謝或立場。
I’d like to thank you for your hospitality on behalf of our group.
意思是「我代表我們這一團體,感謝你們的熱情款待」,符合正式致謝的語境,因此正確。
(B) instead of
instead of 意為「代替;而不是」,表示以一人或一事取代另一人或另一事。
若填入:
第 30 題
I think that this new program will be _______ of your effort.
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核心觀念
本題考「形容詞與介系詞的固定搭配」及上下文語意判斷。
句型為:
be + 形容詞 + of + 名詞
其中 worthy of 是固定片語,意為「值得……的、配得上……的」。
題幹:
I think that this new program will be worthy of your effort.
我認為這項新計畫將會值得你付出的努力。
「這項新計畫」與「你的努力」之間的合理關係是:這項計畫值得投入努力,因此應選 worthy。
解題方法
先觀察空格後方的介系詞 of。在四個選項中,能自然與 of 搭配,且符合句意的是:
代入後:
this new program will be worthy of your effort
意思是「這項新計畫值得你的努力」,語意完整,文法正確。
關鍵單字與片語
- program:計畫;方案;課程
- effort:努力;心力;付出
- cautious:小心謹慎的
- fruitful:有成果的;有成效的
- worthy:值得的;配得上的
- patient:有耐心的;耐心的
- worthy of:值得……;配得上……
- be worthy of one’s effort:值得某人的努力
選項分析
(A) cautious
cautious 意為「小心謹慎的」,通常用來形容人或行動方式,例如:
be cautious about making decisions
對做決定一事保持謹慎
雖然 cautious of 在特定語境中可表示「提防……」,但 this new program will be cautious of your effort 不符合語意。
第 31 題
I _______ accept your plan, but I think it should be somewhat reworded.
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核心觀念
本題考查「副詞的語意與句意搭配」。空格位於動詞 accept 前,四個選項皆為副詞,但必須依照上下文判斷哪一個能合理修飾 accept。
關鍵句為:
I _______ accept your plan, but I think it should be somewhat reworded.
我基本上接受你的計畫,但我認為這個計畫應該稍微重新措辭。
句中 but 表示轉折:說話者大致同意對方的計畫,但仍提出修改意見。因此空格應填表示「基本上、大致上」的副詞。
解題方法
先觀察句意:
- 說話者並非完全否定計畫,因為使用 accept your plan。
- 但計畫仍需修改,因為後半句指出應該 somewhat reworded。
- 因此,前半句需要表達「大致接受,但不是毫無保留地接受」。
basically 意為「基本上、大致上、原則上」,正好表示整體上接受,但細節仍需調整:
I basically accept your plan, but I think it should be somewhat reworded.
關鍵單字與片語
- accept:接受;同意
- plan:計畫;方案
- but:但是;然而,表示轉折
- somewhat:有點;稍微;某種程度上
- reword:重新措辭;改寫文字
- be reworded:被重新措辭,為被動語態
- basically:基本上;大致上;原則上
- leisurely:悠閒地;從容不迫地
- modestly:謙虛地;適度地;不誇張地
- properly:適當地;正確地;妥善地
選項分析
(A) leisurely
leisurely 表示「悠閒地、從容不迫地」,通常用來描述動作進行的速度或方式,例如:
- walk leisurely:悠閒地散步
- have a leisurely breakfast:從容地吃早餐
題句重點在於「接受程度」而不是「以悠閒方式接受」。
I leisurely accept your plan 語意不自然,無法表達「大致接受但仍需修改」。
第 32 題
The _______ of this piece of cloth is too coarse. Do you have a finer one?
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核心觀念
本題考查「字義辨析」與「固定搭配」。題幹描述布料的觸感與表面結構,關鍵在於:
- coarse:粗糙的、粗硬的
- fine:細緻的、細密的
- 布料的「質地、紋理」通常用 texture 表示,常見搭配為:
- coarse texture:粗糙的質地
- fine texture:細緻的質地
- smooth texture:平滑的質地
- rough texture:粗糙的質地
因此,空格應填入 texture。
題幹定位與翻譯
The texture of this piece of cloth is too coarse. Do you have a finer one?
翻譯:
這塊布料的質地太粗糙了。你有更細緻的一塊嗎?
第二句的 a finer one 指的是「質地更細緻的布料」,與前句的 too coarse 形成反義對比,明確指向布料的觸感與表面結構。
解題方法
先判斷空格後的名詞片語 of this piece of cloth 所修飾的對象。題意是「這塊布的某種特性太粗糙」,而 coarse 可用來描述布料的纖維、表面或質地。
再利用語意搭配判斷:
完整句意為:
也就是「這塊布的質地太粗糙」。
選項分析
(A) content
content 的意思是「內容物、內容」。常見用法包括:
- the content of a book:一本書的內容
- the content of a box:盒子裡的內容物
- high fat content:高脂肪含量
布料通常沒有可稱為 content 的「內容」,且 the content of this piece of cloth is coarse 不符合語意。因此錯誤。
第 33 題
No one can possibly know _______ when an earthquake will strike.
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核心觀念
本題考「介系詞片語的語意辨識」,重點在於判斷各選項放入句中後,哪一個能合理修飾動詞 know。
句型為:
No one can possibly know in advance when an earthquake will strike.
其中:
- No one:沒有人
- can possibly know:可能知道、能夠確知
- in advance:事先、預先
- when an earthquake will strike:地震何時發生
- strike:襲擊;本句指地震發生、來襲
整句翻譯為:
沒有人能夠事先知道地震何時會發生。
解題方法
先觀察句意:主詞 No one 表示「沒有人」,後面說「沒有人能知道地震何時發生」。此處需要一個表示「事先、預先」的時間副詞片語,修飾 know,表達「在事情發生前知道」。
四個選項中,只有 in advance 具有「事先」的意思,因此填入後語意完整、搭配自然:
know in advance when an earthquake will strike
事先知道地震何時會發生
選項分析
(A) in advance——正確
in advance 意為「事先、預先」,用來表示某件事發生以前。
常見搭配包括:
- know in advance:事先知道
- prepare in advance:事先準備
- book in advance:提前預訂
- pay in advance:預先付款
放入題句:
No one can possibly know in advance when an earthquake will strike.
語意是「沒有人能事先知道地震何時會發生」,完全符合常識與句意。
(B) in particular——錯誤
in particular 意為「特別地;尤其」,用來指出某個特定的人、事物或細節。
例如:
I like fruit, in particular, apples.
我喜歡水果,尤其是蘋果。
題句要表達的是「事先知道」,不是「特別知道」或「尤其知道」。若填入後:
第 34 題
The scientist’s project to build a modern laboratory was _______ on account of its huge budget.
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核心觀念
本題考「片語動詞的語意與被動語態」。
句型為:
The scientist’s project ... was _______ on account of its huge budget.
主詞是 The scientist’s project,搭配 be 動詞 was,因此空格應填入過去分詞,形成被動語態。語意上,因為預算非常龐大,該計畫「受到質疑」最合理。
關鍵片語:
- call into question:使受到質疑;對……的可行性、正確性或價值表示懷疑
- on account of:因為;由於
- huge budget:龐大的預算
解題方法
先觀察文法:
再觀察語意:
The scientist’s project to build a modern laboratory was called into question on account of its huge budget.
翻譯為:
這位科學家興建現代化實驗室的計畫,因為所需預算非常龐大而受到質疑。
「龐大的預算」會使人懷疑計畫是否值得、是否可行,因此選擇 called into question。
選項分析
(A) taken for granted
take something for granted 意為「把某事視為理所當然;不加懷疑地接受」。
若填入後為:
The project was taken for granted on account of its huge budget.
文法上 was taken 可形成被動語態,但語意不合。龐大預算通常會引發質疑,不會使計畫被視為理所當然,因此錯誤。
(B) started out
start out 意為「開始;起步」。
started out 通常用於描述某人開始某段旅程、工作或發展過程,例如:
She started out as a research assistant.
本句若填入:
第 35 題
There is a _______ to one’s capacity; one should not make oneself overtired.
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核心觀念
本題考「字義與語境判斷」,並兼考固定搭配:
- limitation:限制、限度
- capacity:能力、負荷量;本句指一個人身心所能承受的最大程度
- overtired:過度疲勞的
- make oneself overtired:使自己過度疲勞
句型 There is a limitation to + 名詞 表示「某事物有其限制/上限」。本句後半句說「一個人不應使自己過度疲勞」,正好解釋人的能力與體力具有上限。
解題方法
先觀察句意:
There is a _______ to one’s capacity; one should not make oneself overtired.
一個人的能力/負荷量有其___;不應使自己過度疲勞。
分號後的 one should not make oneself overtired 是對前句的補充說明,表示人不能無限制地消耗體力。因此空格應填入「限制、限度」之意。
填入 limitation 後:
There is a limitation to one’s capacity; one should not make oneself overtired.
一個人的能力是有限的;不應使自己過度疲勞。
語意完整,故選 (D)。
其中 to 是介系詞,構成 a limitation to one’s capacity,意思是「對一個人的能力所形成的限制」。此處不是不定詞的 to + 原形動詞。
選項分析
(A) relaxation:放鬆;休息
There is a relaxation to one’s capacity.
relaxation 指身體或心理上的放鬆、休息,無法表示「能力具有上限」。後半句提到不應過度疲勞,雖然與休息有關,但句意重點是「人的承受能力有限」,不是「能力帶來放鬆」,因此錯誤。
(B) contribution:貢獻;捐獻
There is a contribution to one’s capacity.
第 36 題
It is necessary for you to _______ this point. We simply cannot understand it.
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核心觀念
本題考「動詞字義」與「語意搭配」。句意指出某一個觀點目前不清楚,說話者要求對方進一步說明,因此空格應填入具有「澄清、闡明」之意的動詞。
句型為:
It is necessary for you to + 原形動詞
其中 to 後面接動詞原形;空格後的受詞為 this point,表示「這一點」。
解題方法
定位關鍵句:
It is necessary for you to _______ this point. We simply cannot understand it.
你有必要___這一點。我們實在無法理解它。
第二句 We simply cannot understand it. 表示前一句提到的內容不夠清楚、難以理解。因此,第一句應表達「請把這一點說清楚」的意思。
四個選項中,只有 clarify 符合「使某事變得清楚、澄清」的語意:
clarify this point
澄清這一點、闡明這一點
完整句意為:
你有必要澄清這一點。我們實在無法理解它。
選項分析
(A) clarify「澄清;闡明」
正確。clarify 可作及物動詞,後面直接接受詞,表示使原本模糊、不清楚的內容變得清楚。
例:
The professor clarified the difficult concept.
教授闡明了這個困難的概念。
本題的 this point 正是需要被說明清楚的內容,且後句明確指出「我們無法理解」,因此語意與文法皆正確。
(B) falsify「竄改;偽造;證明為假」
錯誤。falsify 指「偽造資料、竄改紀錄」,也可指「證明某主張為假」。例如:
第 37 題
Recently in Taiwan, the manufacturing industry has _______ the information industry.
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核心觀念
本題考查:
- 現在完成式:
has + 過去分詞 - 片語動詞
give way to - 依語意判斷產業替代關係
題幹為:
Recently in Taiwan, the manufacturing industry has _______ the information industry.
最近在臺灣,製造業已經讓位給資訊產業。
因主詞 the manufacturing industry 為第三人稱單數,且前方已有現在完成式助動詞 has,空格必須填入過去分詞形式。
關鍵單字與片語
recently:最近in Taiwan:在臺灣manufacturing industry:製造業information industry:資訊產業give way to:讓位給、被……取代find a way of:找到……的方法change the way of:改變……的方式have a way of:有辦法……;具有……的習慣或傾向
解題方法
先從文法判斷:
四個選項中,given 是 give 的過去分詞,因此只有選項 (C) given way to 能直接接在 has 後面形成正確的現在完成式:
再從語意判斷,give way to 表示「讓位給、被……取代」。句意是:臺灣近年來,製造業的主導地位已讓給資訊產業,符合產業發展的語境。
完整句子為:
Recently in Taiwan, the manufacturing industry has given way to the information industry.
最近在臺灣,製造業已經讓位給資訊產業。
選項分析
(A) found a way of
found 是 find 的過去式與過去分詞,單看文法可接在 has 後面:
has found a way of ...
但 find a way of 的意思是「找到……的方法」,後面通常接名詞或動名詞,例如:
She has found a way of solving the problem.
她已找到解決這個問題的方法。
題幹的結構是:
the manufacturing industry has _______ the information industry
若填入後,會變成「製造業已找到資訊產業的方法」,語意不通;此外,find a way of 後通常需要表達「做某事的方法」,不能直接用 the information industry 表示被取代的對象。
第 38 題
Dr. Liu’s new book is a collection of his _______ of the daily life of tribal people in Africa.
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核心觀念
本題考「字義辨析」與「語境搭配」。
句型為:
a collection of his _______ of the daily life of tribal people in Africa
其中 of the daily life... 表示「對……的觀察、干涉、預防或替代」,必須依照語意選出最合理的名詞。
關鍵是:一本書是作者對非洲部落人民日常生活的記錄與觀察,因此應填入 observations。
題幹定位與翻譯
Dr. Liu’s new book is a collection of his observations of the daily life of tribal people in Africa.
翻譯:
劉博士的新書是他對非洲部落人民日常生活之觀察的集結。
其中:
- a collection of:一系列……的集合、……的集結
- daily life:日常生活
- tribal people:部落人民
- observations of:對……的觀察、觀察記錄
「新書」收錄作者對某群體生活的觀察記錄,語意最自然。
解題方法
先判斷空格所需的詞性。
空格位於:
his + _______
之後又接:
of the daily life...
因此空格應填入名詞,且該名詞須能表達作者對部落人民生活的研究、觀察或記錄。
再依語意判斷:
- 書籍可以收錄作者的「觀察」。
- 書籍不會以作者對日常生活的「干涉」、「預防」或「替代」為主要內容。
所以選擇 observations。
選項分析
(A) observations
observation 是「觀察;觀察結果;觀察記錄」,複數 observations 表示多項觀察或一系列觀察記錄。
常見搭配:
- make an observation:進行觀察
- careful observation:仔細觀察
- observations of animal behavior:對動物行為的觀察
- observations of daily life:對日常生活的觀察
題幹說這本書是作者對非洲部落人民日常生活之觀察的集合,語意及搭配都正確。
(B) interferences
interference 是「干涉;干預;妨礙」,通常指介入他人的行動,造成阻礙或影響。
例如:
第 39 題
Why do we have to _______ Sue’s selfish behavior? We have to teach her to care for others.
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核心觀念
本題考「動詞片語(phrasal verbs)」的語意辨識,以及情境與文法搭配。
句型為:
Why do we have to _______ Sue’s selfish behavior?
We have to teach her to care for others.
其中 have to 後面必須接原形動詞,因此四個選項在形式上皆可接入,關鍵在於判斷動詞片語的意思是否符合上下文。
題幹關鍵句:
We have to teach her to care for others.
我們必須教她關心他人。
前句詢問「為什麼我們必須如何面對 Sue 的自私行為」,後句表示不能繼續容忍她的自私,必須教育她。因此應選「容忍、忍受」之意。
解題方法
先掌握句意:
Why do we have to _______ Sue’s selfish behavior?
為什麼我們必須____ Sue 的自私行為?
能與 behavior 搭配,且符合語意的片語是 put up with,意思為「容忍、忍受」。
完整句意為:
Why do we have to put up with Sue’s selfish behavior?
為什麼我們必須忍受 Sue 的自私行為?
put up with + 人/事物 是固定搭配,表示忍受令人不愉快的人或事。
選項分析
(A) get over with
get over 表示「克服、從……中恢復」,例如:
She finally got over her fear.
她終於克服了恐懼。
get over with 並不是本題適用的完整用法。常見片語是 get it over with,表示「把討厭或不愉快的事情做完」,其中通常需要搭配受詞 it。
因此:
get over with Sue’s selfish behavior
無法表示「忍受 Sue 的自私行為」,語意與搭配均不成立。
(B) put up with
put up with 表示「容忍、忍受」。
put up with Sue’s selfish behavior
忍受 Sue 的自私行為
第 40 題
Many scholars and experts from all over the world will be invited to attend this yearly _______ on drug control.
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核心觀念
本題考查:
- 字義辨析:判斷四個名詞在語境中的中文意思。
- 語意搭配:辨認「舉行年度會議,討論藥物管制」的自然表達。
- 名詞與介系詞搭配:
conference on + 主題表示「關於某主題的會議」。
句型為:
Many scholars and experts from all over the world will be invited to attend this yearly _______ on drug control.
空格前有 this yearly,後面接 on drug control,因此需要填入一個表示「會議、研討會」的可數名詞。
解題方法
先抓句子的核心結構:
Many scholars and experts:許多學者與專家will be invited to attend:將受邀參加this yearly _______:這場每年舉行的……on drug control:關於藥物管制的
句中提到世界各地的學者與專家受邀參加一項每年舉行、主題為藥物管制的活動。最符合此語意的名詞是 conference,形成自然搭配:
a yearly conference on drug control
一場每年舉行的藥物管制會議
題幹定位答案的關鍵句為:
Many scholars and experts from all over the world will be invited to attend this yearly conference on drug control.
世界各地的許多學者與專家將受邀參加這場每年舉行的藥物管制會議。
關鍵單字與片語
scholar:學者expert:專家from all over the world:來自世界各地invite A to V:邀請某人做某事attend:參加、出席yearly:每年的、每年舉行的conference:會議、研討會drug control:藥物管制、毒品管制reference:參考、提及、參照intention:意圖、目的interaction:互動、交流
文法與語意重點
attend 是及物動詞,後面直接接受詞,不需要加介系詞:
attend a conference:參加會議attend a meeting:出席會議attend school:上學
因此 attend this yearly conference 是正確搭配。
此外,conference on + 主題 表示「關於某主題的會議」:
a conference on climate change:氣候變遷會議a conference on medical education:醫學教育研討會
第 41 題
John had failed to pay his phone bills for months, so his telephone was _______ last week.
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核心觀念
本題考「電話服務中止」的語意搭配,以及過去分詞作被動語態的用法。
句型為:
John had failed to pay his phone bills for months, so his telephone was _______ last week.
John 好幾個月都未繳電話費,因此他的電話上週被_______。
前半句指出原因是長期欠繳電話費;後半句應填入表示「電話被停用、被切斷」的動詞。依題目官方答案,正確答案為 disconnected。
解題方法
先觀察句型:
his telephone was + 過去分詞
此處是被動語態,表示「他的電話被某種方式處理」。再根據因果關係判斷:
- 長期未繳電話費
- 電信公司停止其電話服務
- 電話被切斷、停用
因此應使用 disconnect 的過去分詞 disconnected,表示「被切斷連線、被停話」。
題幹定位答案的關鍵句是:
John had failed to pay his phone bills for months, so his telephone was disconnected last week.
翻譯為:
John 好幾個月都沒有繳電話費,所以他的電話上週被停話了。
選項分析
(A) interrupted
interrupt 的意思是「中斷、打斷、暫時停止」。例如:
- The meeting was interrupted by a fire alarm.
會議被火災警報打斷。 - The service was temporarily interrupted.
服務暫時中斷。
interrupted 著重於暫時性的中斷,常用於談話、活動、電力、網路或服務暫停。題幹描述的是因長期欠費而遭電信公司停話,語意上是正式切斷電話服務,因此不如 disconnected 精確。
(B) disconnected
第 42 題
_______ the weather, the athletic meetings will be held on time.
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核心觀念
本題考「介系詞片語的語意與搭配」。句首空格後接名詞片語 the weather,需要選出能表達「不論、不管」的片語:
- regardless of + 名詞/動名詞:不管、不論……
- no matter + 疑問詞/how + 形容詞或副詞:無論……
句意是:不論天氣如何,運動會都會準時舉行。
解題方法
先觀察主句:
the athletic meetings will be held on time
運動會將會準時舉行。
句首應形成讓步語意,表示「即使天氣不佳,仍然會準時舉行」。因此填入:
Regardless of the weather, the athletic meetings will be held on time.
翻譯:
不論天氣如何,運動會都會準時舉行。
選項分析
(A) Instead of
意為「代替、而不是」,後接名詞或動名詞。
- instead of the weather:代替天氣
- 語意無法表示「不管天氣如何」,與主句不合。
例句:
We took the train instead of the bus.
我們搭火車而不是搭公車。
(B) In relation to
意為「關於、涉及、與……相關」。
in relation to the weather
關於天氣/與天氣有關
此片語只能引出相關主題,不能表示「不論、不管」,因此不符合句子的讓步語意。
(C) On behalf of
意為「代表、代替某人或某團體」。
第 43 題
Although he is a chef, Roberto _______ cooks his own meals.
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核心觀念
本題考「副詞的語意與句中邏輯」。空格位於動詞 cooks 前,四個選項皆可作副詞,但必須依據:
- Although 所引導的讓步副詞子句。
- 主句與從句之間的語意對比。
- 各副詞本身的詞義是否符合上下文。
題幹原文:
Although he is a chef, Roberto _______ cooks his own meals.
中文翻譯:
雖然 Roberto 是一名廚師,但他很少自己煮飯。
「身為廚師」通常會讓人聯想到經常下廚,因此後半句需要表達反差:「他卻很少自己煮飯」。
解題方法
先抓讓步連接詞 Although:
- Although A, B:雖然 A,但是 B。
- A 與 B 通常具有某種預期上的反差。
從句為:
he is a chef
他是一名廚師
合理的預期是:廚師應該常常自己做飯;但主句要呈現相反情況,因此空格應填表示「很少」的頻率副詞 rarely:
Although he is a chef, Roberto rarely cooks his own meals.
其中:
- rarely = 很少、不常
- cooks his own meals = 自己準備餐點、自己煮飯
選項分析
(A) rarely 很少;不常
正確。rarely 是頻率副詞,表示某件事發生的頻率很低。
句意為:
雖然他是廚師,但 Roberto 很少自己煮飯。
「廚師」與「很少自己煮飯」形成明顯對比,完全符合 Although 所帶出的讓步關係,因此為官方答案。
(B) bitterly 苦澀地;痛苦地;憤恨地
錯誤。bitterly 通常用來修飾帶有強烈負面情緒或感受的動詞,例如:
- cry bitterly:痛哭
- complain bitterly:憤恨地抱怨
- regret bitterly:非常懊悔
第 44 題
A good government official has to _______ the temptation of money and make the right decision.
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核心觀念
本題考查:
- 動詞與受詞的固定搭配
- 語意判斷
- have to + 原形動詞的文法結構
題幹為:
A good government official has to _______ the temptation of money and make the right decision.
優良的政府官員必須抵抗金錢的誘惑,並做出正確的決定。
其中「抵抗誘惑」的標準搭配是:
resist the temptation
因此依標準英文用法,空格應填 resist。
解題方法
先觀察句型:
has to + _______ + the temptation of money
has to 後面必須接原形動詞,四個選項皆為原形動詞,因此不能只靠文法形式判斷,必須進一步分析語意與搭配。
題幹提到政府官員面對金錢誘惑,仍要做出正確決定。此處需要「抵抗、抗拒」之意,最自然的搭配是:
resist the temptation of money
抵抗金錢的誘惑
完整句意為:
A good government official has to resist the temptation of money and make the right decision.
優良的政府官員必須抵抗金錢的誘惑,並做出正確的決定。
選項分析
(A) consist
consist 主要表示「由……組成;包含」,常見搭配如下:
- consist of + 組成部分:由……組成
- consist in + 抽象概念:存在於……
- consist with + 事實:與……一致
例如:
Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen.
水由氫和氧組成。
本題的 consist the temptation 缺少必要介系詞,不能表示「抵抗誘惑」。因此依標準英文文法與語意,consist 不適合填入此句。
不過,題目官方公布答案為 A。若完全依官方答案作答,應將 A 視為命題或答案編排上的指定答案;但從英文搭配來看,A 與題幹語意不相符,這是本題最明顯的爭議點。
(B) resist
resist 表示「抵抗、抗拒、忍住」,可直接接受名詞作受詞:
第 45 題
The medicine you take for a cold may cause _______; try not to drive after you take it.
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核心觀念
本題考「字義判斷」與「語境推論」,並搭配句型:
The medicine you take for a cold may cause _______; try not to drive after you take it.
你為了感冒所服用的藥物可能會造成 _______;服藥後盡量不要開車。
後半句 try not to drive after you take it「服用後盡量不要開車」提示藥物可能造成嗜睡、反應變慢或注意力不集中。因此空格應填表示「昏昏欲睡、嗜睡」的名詞。
解題方法
先找語意線索:
- 主詞:感冒藥(medicine)
- 動詞:may cause「可能造成」
- 後文:服藥後不要開車
許多感冒藥,尤其含有抗組織胺成分者,會造成 drowsiness。嗜睡會降低駕駛時的警覺性,因此與「不要在服藥後開車」具有直接的因果關係。
句型上,cause + 名詞 表示「造成某種結果」:
- cause drowsiness:造成嗜睡
- cause an accident:造成事故
- cause illness:造成疾病
所以本題答案為 drowsiness。
關鍵單字與片語
- medicine:藥物
- take medicine:服藥
- a cold:感冒
- may:可能
- cause:造成、引起
- drowsiness:嗜睡、昏昏欲睡
- incident:事件、事故
- violence:暴力
- bacteria:細菌
- try not to + 原形動詞:盡量不要……
- after:在……之後
選項分析
(A) drowsiness:嗜睡
正確。感冒藥可能造成嗜睡,而嗜睡會使駕駛者注意力下降、反應變慢,因此服藥後不宜開車。語意與後半句完全吻合。
第 46 題
To live an efficient life, we have to arrange the things to do in order of _______ and start with the most important ones.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念
本題考「語意判斷」與「固定搭配」。句意是:若想過有效率的生活,必須按照事情的重要先後順序安排待辦事項,先處理最重要的事。
關鍵片語是:
- in order of priority:依優先順序
- start with:從……開始
- the most important ones:最重要的那些事情
題幹定位與翻譯
To live an efficient life, we have to arrange the things to do in order of _______ and start with the most important ones.
翻譯:
為了過有效率的生活,我們必須依照優先順序安排待辦事項,並從最重要的事情開始。
後半句 start with the most important ones 明確表示前文所需的標準是「重要性的先後排列」,因此空格應填 priority。
解題方法
先抓句意中的線索:
- arrange the things to do 表示「安排要做的事情」。
- start with the most important ones 表示「先做最重要的事情」。
- 因此,事情必須按照「優先順序」排列。
- 英文固定搭配為 in order of priority,意思是「依優先順序」。
所以答案為 (B) priority。
選項分析
(A) authority
- 中文:權威、權力、職權
- in order of authority 可理解為「依權力或職權的順序」,但與安排待辦事項、先做最重要的事情無關。
- 題幹重點是事情的重要性,不是誰具有較高權力,因此不合語意。
(B) priority
第 47 題
Some words, such as “sandwich” and “hamburger”, were _______ the names of people or even towns.
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核心觀念
本題考「副詞的語意與句中位置」。空格位於 be 動詞 were 之後、名詞片語 the names of people or even towns 之前:
Some words ... were _______ the names of people or even towns.
句型為:
主詞 + be 動詞 + 副詞 + 名詞片語
句意是:有些字原本是人名,甚至是城鎮名稱。因此需要表示「起初、原先」的副詞。
關鍵句定位與翻譯
Some words, such as “sandwich” and “hamburger”, were originally the names of people or even towns.
翻譯:
有些字,例如「三明治」和「漢堡」,原本是人名,甚至是城鎮名稱。
其中 were originally the names 表示「原本是……的名稱」,originally 修飾整個「是名稱」的狀態。
解題方法
先判斷空格需要的詞性。were 後方已有名詞片語 the names of people or even towns,句子結構完整,因此空格應填副詞,補充說明這些字在時間上的原始狀態。
再將各選項代入:
- 若表示「原本」,符合「字詞最初來自人名或地名」的語意。
- 若表示「理想地、相對地、真誠地」,都無法合理說明這些字與人名、城鎮名稱的歷史關係。
因此選擇 originally。
選項分析
(A) originally
originally 是副詞,意為「原本地;起初;最初」。
第 48 題
I had to _______ Jack’s invitation to the party because it conflicted with an important business meeting.
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核心觀念
本題考「動詞字義與語境搭配」。句中主詞因為重要的商務會議而不能參加派對,因此需要選擇表示「婉拒、謝絕」的及物動詞,搭配:
decline an invitation
婉拒邀請、謝絕邀請
句型為:
decline + 名詞
婉拒某事物
解題方法
先找出語意關鍵:
because it conflicted with an important business meeting
因為那件事與一場重要的商務會議衝突。
Jack 邀請我參加派對,但派對時間與重要會議衝突,所以我必須「拒絕 Jack 的邀請」。
完整句意為:
I had to decline Jack’s invitation to the party because it conflicted with an important business meeting.
我不得不婉拒 Jack 的派對邀請,因為派對與一場重要的商務會議時間衝突。
因此選 (D) decline。
選項分析
(A) depart
depart 是「離開、出發」,通常是不及物動詞,常見搭配為:
- depart from the station:從車站出發
- depart for Taipei:出發前往臺北
depart an invitation 不符合語意,也不符合一般搭配。句子需要的是「拒絕邀請」,不是「離開邀請」,因此錯誤。
(B) devote
devote 是「奉獻、投入」,常用句型為:
devote A to B
將 A 奉獻/投入於 B
例如:
第 49 題
Jerry didn’t _______ his primary school classmate Mary until he listened to her self-introduction.
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核心觀念
本題考「近義動詞辨析」與動詞搭配。句意是:Jerry 在聽到 Mary 自我介紹以前,沒有「認出」她是自己的小學同學。
關鍵動詞如下:
- acquaint:使熟悉;使認識。常用結構為 acquaint A with B,意為「使 A 熟悉 B」。
- acquire:取得、獲得;習得。
- recognize:認出、辨認出;承認。
- realize:了解、察覺、意識到。
解題方法
先觀察句意中的時間線:
Jerry didn’t _______ his primary school classmate Mary until he listened to her self-introduction.
翻譯為:
Jerry 直到聽了 Mary 的自我介紹,才認出她是自己的小學同學。
「直到……才……」的結構是 not ... until ...。後面的 listened to her self-introduction 提供辨認身分的關鍵,因此空格應填表示「認出某人」的 recognize。
完整句子為:
Jerry didn’t recognize his primary school classmate Mary until he listened to her self-introduction.
其中 recognize + 人 表示「認出某人」,完全符合語意。
選項分析
(A) acquaint
acquaint 是「使熟悉、使認識」,通常不能直接用來表示「認出某人」。常見句型為:
acquaint somebody with something
使某人熟悉某事物
例如:
The teacher acquainted the students with the new rules.
老師使學生熟悉新規定。
題目若填入 acquaint:
Jerry didn’t acquaint his primary school classmate Mary...
會變成「Jerry 沒有使他的同學 Mary 熟悉……」,語意與句型都不完整,因此錯誤。
(B) acquire
第 50 題
I am studying so hard for the forthcoming entrance exam that I do not have the _______ of a free weekend to rest.
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核心觀念
本題考查固定搭配 have the luxury of + 名詞/動名詞,以及字義判斷。
luxury 原意是「奢侈、享受」,在句型 have the luxury of ... 中表示「有餘裕享受……的條件」「有幸能夠……」。句中主詞因為努力準備入學考試,連休息一個週末的餘裕都沒有,因此使用 luxury 最符合語意。
解題方法
先觀察句型:
I do not have the _______ of a free weekend to rest.
空格後面接 of + 名詞片語,可判斷需要填入能與 of 形成自然搭配的名詞。
最常見的搭配是:
have the luxury of + 名詞/V-ing
有餘裕……;能夠享受……
代入後:
I do not have the luxury of a free weekend to rest.
意思是「我沒有享有一個空閒週末來休息的餘裕」。前半句的 studying so hard 與後半句的 do not have 相互呼應,表示為了考試用功到無法休息。
題幹定位與翻譯
關鍵句為:
I am studying so hard for the forthcoming entrance exam that I do not have the luxury of a free weekend to rest.
翻譯:
我正為即將到來的入學考試如此努力讀書,以至於沒有享有一個空閒週末來休息的餘裕。
其中 so ... that ... 表示「如此……以至於……」,說明努力讀書造成的結果。
選項分析
(A) license:許可;執照;放任
have the license of a free weekend 並非自然的英文搭配。license 通常指法律或正式授權,例如 a driver’s license(駕照)、a license to practice medicine(行醫執照),不表示「休息的餘裕」,因此錯誤。
第 51 題
He just failed to win the race, _______ his great effort.
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核心觀念
本題考「讓步關係」及讓步連接詞的句型搭配。
句意是:他雖然付出了很大的努力,仍然未能贏得比賽。
- despite:儘管、不顧;屬於介系詞,後面接名詞、代名詞或動名詞。
- although:雖然;屬於從屬連接詞,後面必須接完整子句,即「主詞+動詞」。
- nevertheless:然而、儘管如此;屬於副詞,通常連接前後兩個完整句子。
- however:然而、不過;屬於副詞,使用位置及標點須符合副詞用法。
解題方法
題幹空格後為名詞片語:
his great effort
其中:
his是所有格形容詞。great effort是名詞片語。- 整體意思是「他很大的努力」。
能直接放在名詞片語前,表示「儘管」的選項是 despite:
He just failed to win the race, despite his great effort.
句型為:
因此選 (A) despite。
題幹定位與翻譯
He just failed to win the race, despite his great effort.
翻譯為:
儘管他付出了很大的努力,他仍然差一點未能贏得這場比賽。
其中 despite his great effort 表示「儘管他付出很大的努力」,與主句 failed to win the race 形成讓步關係。
just failed to win 可理解為「未能贏得、差一點就贏了」,不是「剛剛才失敗」的時間概念。
選項分析
(A) despite:正確
despite 是介系詞,後面接名詞片語:
despite his great effort
儘管他很大的努力
句型與題幹完全吻合,且語意符合「付出努力卻未贏得比賽」的讓步關係。
(B) although:錯誤
although 是從屬連接詞,後面通常接完整子句,必須包含主詞與動詞,例如:
第 52 題
Hurry up! I wouldn’t like _______ the start of the film.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念
本題考查兩個重點:
- would like + to V:表示「想要……」「希望……」;否定形式為 would not like + to V。
- miss the start of the film 是固定且自然的搭配,表示「錯過電影開場」。
句型分析:
題幹中的關鍵句為:
I wouldn’t like to miss the start of the film.
我不想錯過電影的開場。
因此空格應填 to miss。
解題方法
先觀察空格前的結構:
I wouldn’t like _______
其中 wouldn’t like 是 would not like 的縮寫。其後通常接:
- would like to + 原形動詞
- would like + 名詞
- would like + 疑問詞子句
本題空格後接名詞片語:
the start of the film
所以空格內必須先放入一個動詞,形成完整結構:
would like to miss the start of the film
其中:
- to miss:錯過
- the start of the film:電影的開場
整句意思是:
快點!我不想錯過電影的開場。
選項分析
(A) that we miss
若填入後為:
I wouldn’t like that we miss the start of the film.
此句在文法形式上可勉強理解,但不是 would like 最自然、最標準的搭配。表達「我不想……」時,英文通常使用:
I wouldn’t like to miss ...
而不是:
I wouldn’t like that we miss ...
此外,that we miss 是完整的名詞子句,主詞變成 we;題幹要表達的是說話者自己不想錯過電影開場,使用 to miss 更直接、自然。因此不選。
(B) that we lose
填入後為:
I wouldn’t like that we lose the start of the film.
此選項有兩個問題:
第 53 題
How many candidates have _______ for the job?
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核心觀念
本題考查:
- 動詞與介系詞的固定搭配
- 現在完成式:have + 過去分詞
- 「申請工作」的正確英文表達為 apply for a job
句型為:
How many candidates have _______ for the job?
有多少名應試者已經申請這份工作?
主詞 candidates 為複數,因此使用 have;空格必須填入過去分詞。四個選項皆具過去分詞形式,關鍵在於動詞與 for the job 的搭配是否正確。
解題方法
看到「申請工作」時,應立即聯想到固定片語:
apply for + 工作/職位/機會
申請某項工作、職位或機會
因此:
have applied for the job
已經申請這份工作
完整句子為:
How many candidates have applied for the job?
有多少名應試者已經申請這份工作?
其中:
- How many candidates:多少名應試者
- have applied:已經申請
- for the job:這份工作
選項分析
(A) appointed
appoint 意為「任命、指派」,通常是及物動詞,後面直接接受詞:
The company appointed Mary as manager.
公司任命 Mary 為經理。
不能說:
candidates have appointed for the job
因為此句會變成「應試者任命某人」,語意與句型都不成立。若要表達「應試者已被任命」,應使用被動語態:
candidates have been appointed
此外,appoint for the job 也不是「申請工作」的固定搭配,因此錯誤。
(B) applied
apply for 意為「申請」,可用於申請工作、學校、獎學金或職位:
apply for a job
申請一份工作
題幹的 have + applied 正好構成現在完成式,表示「已經申請」。
因此:
第 54 題
They arrived in the neighborhood _______ days _______.
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核心觀念
本題考查:
- few 與 few 的差異
- ago 與 since 的時間用法
- 固定片語 a few days ago
- a few:一些、幾個,表示「雖然不多,但有一些」,語氣偏肯定。
- few:幾乎沒有、少數的,帶有否定意味。
- ago:以前、之前,表示「距離現在多久以前」。
- since:自從……以來,通常接一個時間起點,例如 since Monday、since 2020,或接完整子句,例如 since he arrived。
題幹:
They arrived in the neighborhood _______ days _______.
他們在幾天前抵達這個社區。
句子描述「距離現在幾天以前抵達」,因此需要使用表示「幾天前」的固定用法 a few days ago。
解題方法
先判斷第二個空格:
- 「幾天前」應使用 days ago。
- since 表示「自從某個時間點以來」,不能直接放在本句作為「以前」解釋。
因此第二空只能選 ago,答案限縮為:
- (C) few, ago
- (D) a few, ago
再判斷第一個空格:
- a few days ago 是標準固定片語,意思是「幾天前」。
- few days ago 在正式標準英文中缺少冠詞 ,不符合本題慣用句型。
完整句子為:
They arrived in the neighborhood a few days ago.
他們幾天前抵達這個社區。
選項分析
(A) few, since:錯誤
完整句為:
They arrived in the neighborhood few days since.
有兩個問題:
- since 不表示單純的「以前」。本句需要的是「距離現在幾天前」,應使用 ago。
- few days 缺少 ,不符合表示「幾天」的標準片語 a few days。
因此不選。
(B) a few, since:錯誤
完整句為:
They arrived in the neighborhood a few days since.
雖然 a few days 本身正確,但 since 的時間意義不符合本句。
since 通常表示某個時間起點延續至今:
- since Monday:自星期一以來
- since last year:自去年以來
- since he arrived:自從他抵達以來
本句的動詞 arrived 是過去式,句意是敘述「幾天前抵達」這個過去事件,因此應用 ago:
第 55 題
She was _______ dark glasses because she didn’t want to be recognized.
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核心觀念
本題考查:
- 動詞與穿戴物品的搭配
- 現在分詞與過去進行式
- 依語意判斷動詞
句型為:
表示「當時正在……」。四個選項皆可形成文法上可能的分詞形式,但必須依照名詞 dark glasses 及後半句語意選擇最恰當的動詞。
dark glasses 指「深色眼鏡、墨鏡」,屬於可穿戴在身上的配件。
解題方法
先觀察句型:
She was _______ dark glasses
空格位於 was 之後,因此需要填入現在分詞。四個選項皆為現在分詞:
- wearing
- carrying
- holding
- bearing
接著以語意判斷。後半句:
because she didn’t want to be recognized.
意思是「因為她不想被認出來」。
戴上墨鏡可以遮住部分臉部特徵,降低被認出的機會,因此最自然的搭配是:
wear dark glasses
戴墨鏡
完整句意為:
She was wearing dark glasses because she didn’t want to be recognized.
她當時戴著墨鏡,因為她不想被認出來。
題幹定位與翻譯
定位答案的關鍵語句是:
because she didn’t want to be recognized
此句說明她戴墨鏡的目的,是避免他人辨認身分。能直接表達「戴著眼鏡」的動詞是 wear。
選項分析
(A) wearing:正確
wear 表示「穿著、戴著」,可用於衣服、鞋子、帽子、眼鏡、首飾等穿戴物品。
常見搭配包括:
- wear glasses:戴眼鏡
- wear sunglasses:戴太陽眼鏡
- wear a hat:戴帽子
- wear a watch:戴手錶
第 56 題
【題組共用題幹】
According to popular folklore, many animals are smarter than they appear. Dogs bark before earthquakes; cattle predict rainfall by sitting on the ground. But cattle may have another hidden talent in telling which way is north.
Small animals such as mole rats living underground are known for the use of magnetism to navigate. Dr. Begall and her colleagues wanted to know whether larger mammals also have the ability to perceive magnetic fields. They investigated this possibility by studying images of thousands of cattle captured on Google Earth, a website that stitches together photographs to produce an image of the Earth’s surface.
Grazing animals are known to orient themselves in a way that minimizes wind chill from the north and maximizes the warmth of the sun when they are cold. The researchers therefore had to study a lot of cows grazing in lots of different places at different times of day, in order to average out these factors and see whether cattle could act like compass needles.
The researchers concluded that cattle do generally orient themselves in a north-south direction. This north-south preference has also been noted in flies, termites and honeybees. But unfortunately, even the high resolution of Google Earth is not powerful enough to tell which end of the cow is its head, and which its tail. The researchers were therefore unable to answer their research questions of whether cattle prefer to look north or south, and whether that differs in the northern and southern hemispheres.
What is the article mainly about?
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核心觀念
本題考查英文閱讀測驗中的「主旨判斷」(main idea)。解題重點是找出文章反覆圍繞的核心主題,而非只根據其中一個細節判斷。
本文主要探討:牛是否能感知地球磁場,並像指南針一樣呈南北方向排列。文章先介紹動物可能具有超乎外表的能力,再說明研究者利用 Google Earth 觀察大量牛群,最後指出研究發現牛通常呈南北方向排列,但無法判斷牛頭究竟朝北還是朝南。
定位答案的關鍵句為:
The researchers concluded that cattle do generally orient themselves in a north-south direction.
研究人員的結論是,牛通常會使自己朝向南北方向。
文末又以研究目的加以呼應:
The researchers were therefore unable to answer their research questions of whether cattle prefer to look north or south...
因此,研究人員無法回答牛偏好朝北還是朝南的研究問題。
這些內容都集中在「牛是否如指南針般依南北方向排列」這一主題,因此答案為 D。
文章語意與文法重點
- According to popular folklore
- according to:根據
- popular folklore:民間傳說、普遍流傳的說法
此片語置於句首,作為介系詞片語,表示後文內容的資訊來源。
- many animals are smarter than they appear
- smarter than they appear:比表面看起來更聰明
此處的 they appear 可理解為「牠們看起來的樣子」,比較級結構為:
- navigate
- navigate:導航、辨識方向、找到路徑
文章指出生活在地下的鼴鼠也會利用磁性來辨認方向。
- perceive magnetic fields
- perceive:感知、察覺
- magnetic field:磁場
perceive 比單純的 see 更廣,表示透過感官或生理機制察覺某種刺激。
- orient themselves
- orient oneself:使自己朝向某一方向、定向
- north-south direction:南北方向
themselves 是反身代名詞,指 cattle 本身。
例如:
- The birds orient themselves toward the sun.
鳥類使自己朝向太陽。
- minimizes wind chill from the north and maximizes the warmth of the sun
- minimize:使……最小化
- wind chill:風寒效應
- maximize:使……最大化
- warmth:溫暖、熱度
此句說明牛在寒冷時會採取有利於保暖的方向,以減少北風吹造成的風寒效應,並增加接受陽光的暖意。
- average out these factors
- average out:平均掉、消除各因素的影響
研究者必須觀察不同地點、不同時間的牛群,將風向、陽光等因素的影響平均化,才能判斷牛是否具有穩定的方向偏好。
- act like compass needles
第 57 題
【題組共用題幹】
According to popular folklore, many animals are smarter than they appear. Dogs bark before earthquakes; cattle predict rainfall by sitting on the ground. But cattle may have another hidden talent in telling which way is north.
Small animals such as mole rats living underground are known for the use of magnetism to navigate. Dr. Begall and her colleagues wanted to know whether larger mammals also have the ability to perceive magnetic fields. They investigated this possibility by studying images of thousands of cattle captured on Google Earth, a website that stitches together photographs to produce an image of the Earth’s surface.
Grazing animals are known to orient themselves in a way that minimizes wind chill from the north and maximizes the warmth of the sun when they are cold. The researchers therefore had to study a lot of cows grazing in lots of different places at different times of day, in order to average out these factors and see whether cattle could act like compass needles.
The researchers concluded that cattle do generally orient themselves in a north-south direction. This north-south preference has also been noted in flies, termites and honeybees. But unfortunately, even the high resolution of Google Earth is not powerful enough to tell which end of the cow is its head, and which its tail. The researchers were therefore unable to answer their research questions of whether cattle prefer to look north or south, and whether that differs in the northern and southern hemispheres.
Which of the following factors might affect Dr. Begall’s research result?
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核心觀念
本題考查英文閱讀理解中的「研究變因判斷」與文章細節定位。
題目詢問:
Which of the following factors might affect Dr. Begall’s research result?
下列哪一項因素可能影響 Begall 博士的研究結果?
解題關鍵是找出文章中明確提到、會影響研究觀察結果的因素。研究者為了判斷牛是否具有類似指南針的南北定向能力,必須比較:
- 不同地點(different places)
- 不同時間(different times of day)
- 不同氣候與環境條件
其中,牛的朝向會受到風寒與陽光溫暖程度影響,因此「地點」是研究結果的重要影響因素。
解題方法
文章指出:
The researchers therefore had to study a lot of cows grazing in lots of different places at different times of day, in order to average out these factors and see whether cattle could act like compass needles.
翻譯:
因此,研究人員必須研究許多在不同地點、一天中不同時間吃草的牛,以便將這些因素平均化,並觀察牛是否會像指南針一樣定向。
前一句說明牛在寒冷時會採取有利於保暖的方向:
Grazing animals are known to orient themselves in a way that minimizes wind chill from the north and maximizes the warmth of the sun when they are cold.
翻譯:
已知正在吃草的動物會調整身體方向,以減少來自北方的風寒,並在寒冷時最大化陽光所帶來的溫暖。
由於各地的風向、日照條件與地理位置不同,牛的朝向也可能不同。研究者必須蒐集各種地點的資料,再將環境因素平均化,才能判斷牛是否真的具有磁場定向能力。因此正確答案為 Location。
選項分析
(A) Rainfall. 降雨量
錯誤。
文章開頭提到:
cattle predict rainfall by sitting on the ground
意思是:
牛會藉由坐在地上來預測降雨。
這只是民間傳說中的例子,用來引出「動物可能比看起來更聰明」的主題。文章後續研究並未以降雨量作為影響牛南北朝向的主要因素,也沒有指出降雨量會干擾 Begall 博士的研究結果。
(B) Earthquakes. 地震
錯誤。
文章提到:
Dogs bark before earthquakes.
意思是:
狗會在地震發生前吠叫。
這同樣只是文章開頭的民間傳說,並非本研究的實驗變因。研究內容集中在牛的磁場感知與身體朝向,沒有將地震列為研究結果的影響因素。
(C) Location. 地點
正確。
文章明確說明研究者必須觀察:
cows grazing in lots of different places at different times of day
意思是:
在許多不同地點、一天中不同時間吃草的牛。
不同地點會帶來不同的風向、風寒與日照條件;這些環境因素都可能使牛改變身體朝向。研究者需要蒐集不同地點的資料,藉由平均化環境因素,判斷牛是否具有真正的南北定向偏好。
因此,Location 是官方答案,也是最符合文章研究設計的選項。
(D) Google Earth. Google 地球
第 58 題
【題組共用題幹】
According to popular folklore, many animals are smarter than they appear. Dogs bark before earthquakes; cattle predict rainfall by sitting on the ground. But cattle may have another hidden talent in telling which way is north.
Small animals such as mole rats living underground are known for the use of magnetism to navigate. Dr. Begall and her colleagues wanted to know whether larger mammals also have the ability to perceive magnetic fields. They investigated this possibility by studying images of thousands of cattle captured on Google Earth, a website that stitches together photographs to produce an image of the Earth’s surface.
Grazing animals are known to orient themselves in a way that minimizes wind chill from the north and maximizes the warmth of the sun when they are cold. The researchers therefore had to study a lot of cows grazing in lots of different places at different times of day, in order to average out these factors and see whether cattle could act like compass needles.
The researchers concluded that cattle do generally orient themselves in a north-south direction. This north-south preference has also been noted in flies, termites and honeybees. But unfortunately, even the high resolution of Google Earth is not powerful enough to tell which end of the cow is its head, and which its tail. The researchers were therefore unable to answer their research questions of whether cattle prefer to look north or south, and whether that differs in the northern and southern hemispheres.
What is the major finding of Dr. Begall’s study?
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核心觀念
本題考查英文閱讀理解,重點是:
- 從文章中找出研究結果。
- 分辨「研究發現」與「研究限制」。
- 理解片語 orient themselves in a north-south direction 的語意。
文章研究的是牛是否能感知地球磁場,以及牛群休息或覓食時的身體方向。研究結果顯示,牛的身體大致呈南北向排列,但研究人員無法判斷牛頭朝北或朝南。
關鍵單字與片語
- popular folklore:民間傳說
- appear:看起來、顯得
- predict rainfall:預測降雨
- hidden talent:隱藏的才能
- magnetism:磁性、磁力
- navigate:導航、辨別方向
- perceive magnetic fields:感知磁場
- investigate:調查、研究
- graze:吃草、放牧
- orient oneself:使自己朝向某一方向
- minimize:使……最小化
- maximize:使……最大化
- wind chill:風寒效應
- compass needle:指南針指針
- conclude:下結論
- generally:通常地、大致上
- preference:偏好
- high resolution:高解析度
- powerful enough to V:強大到足以……
- be unable to V:無法……
- differ:不同
解題方法
題目問:
What is the major finding of Dr. Begall’s study?
Begall 博士的研究主要發現是什麼?
解題時應直接尋找文章中表示「研究結論」的句子。關鍵句是:
The researchers concluded that cattle do generally orient themselves in a north-south direction.
翻譯為:
研究人員下結論認為,牛大致會使自己的身體朝向南北方向。
其中:
- concluded that 表示「下結論認為」。
- cattle 表示「牛」,是集合名詞,形式上通常視為複數。
- do generally orient themselves 中的 do 用來加強語氣,表示「確實、大致會」。
- orient themselves in a north-south direction 表示「使自己朝南北方向排列」,重點是牛的整體身體方向,不代表牛頭一定朝北。
因此,研究的主要發現是牛會呈南北向排列,對應選項 (A) Cattle point north-south.
文章中的研究限制
文章後段指出:
**But unfortunately, even the high resolution of Google Earth is not powerful enough to tell w
第 59 題
【題組共用題幹】
According to popular folklore, many animals are smarter than they appear. Dogs bark before earthquakes; cattle predict rainfall by sitting on the ground. But cattle may have another hidden talent in telling which way is north.
Small animals such as mole rats living underground are known for the use of magnetism to navigate. Dr. Begall and her colleagues wanted to know whether larger mammals also have the ability to perceive magnetic fields. They investigated this possibility by studying images of thousands of cattle captured on Google Earth, a website that stitches together photographs to produce an image of the Earth’s surface.
Grazing animals are known to orient themselves in a way that minimizes wind chill from the north and maximizes the warmth of the sun when they are cold. The researchers therefore had to study a lot of cows grazing in lots of different places at different times of day, in order to average out these factors and see whether cattle could act like compass needles.
The researchers concluded that cattle do generally orient themselves in a north-south direction. This north-south preference has also been noted in flies, termites and honeybees. But unfortunately, even the high resolution of Google Earth is not powerful enough to tell which end of the cow is its head, and which its tail. The researchers were therefore unable to answer their research questions of whether cattle prefer to look north or south, and whether that differs in the northern and southern hemispheres.
Why couldn’t the researchers get the answer to their research questions?
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念
本題為英文閱讀理解,考查:
- 定位關鍵資訊:根據題目問句回文章找直接對應的原因。
- 代名詞與語意理解:掌握 which end of the cow is its head, and which its tail 的意思。
- 因果關係:研究工具的解析度不足,導致研究者無法辨認牛的頭尾,因而無法判斷牛究竟朝北或朝南。
題目問:
Why couldn’t the researchers get the answer to their research questions?
為什麼研究者無法得到研究問題的答案?
關鍵在於文章最後一段:
But unfortunately, even the high resolution of Google Earth is not powerful enough to tell which end of the cow is its head, and which its tail. The researchers were therefore unable to answer their research questions of whether cattle prefer to look north or south, and whether that differs in the northern and southern hemispheres.
翻譯:
但不幸的是,即使 Google Earth 的高解析度也不足以辨認牛的哪一端是頭、哪一端是尾。因此,研究者無法回答牛較喜歡朝北看還是朝南看,以及這種偏好是否會因南、北半球而有所不同。
其中:
- not powerful enough to...:不足以……
- tell A from B:分辨 A 與 B
- which end of the cow is its head, and which its tail:牛的哪一端是頭、哪一端是尾
- therefore:因此,表示前因後果
- prefer to look north or south:偏好朝北或朝南
文章已直接說明:由於衛星照片無法辨認牛的頭尾,研究者無法判斷牛面向北方還是南方。
解題方法
先找題目中的關鍵字:
- couldn’t get the answer
- research questions
這些字詞直接對應文章最後一句:
The researchers were therefore unable to answer their research questions...
接著往前找 therefore 所承接的原因:
Google Earth is not powerful enough to tell which end of the cow is its head, and which its tail.
因此,答案必須表達「無法從衛星圖片辨認牛的頭與尾」這項資訊。
選項 D:
They couldn’t tell a cow’s head from its tail in the satellite pictures.
意思是:
他們無法在衛星照片中分辨牛的頭和尾。
與文章內容完全相符。
選項分析
(A) Many cattle in their study were sitting on the ground.
許多研究中的牛坐在地面上。
錯誤。文章提到:
cattle predict rainfall by sitting on the ground
這只是開頭介紹民間傳說,說牛坐在地上可能預測降雨,並非本研究無法回答問題的原因。研究者研究的是牛的方向,不是牛是否坐著。
(B) The cattle constantly change directions to avoid wind chill.
牛不斷改變方向以避免風寒。
第 60 題
【題組共用題幹】
Climbing the most difficult mountains requires a very special mental condition.
60 the climber is doing something very difficult, everything that he or she sees, hears, or 61 must come together to help in the work of climbing. All of the parts of the body work together smoothly and quietly 62 each part feels what is happening in the other parts. There is no room for thinking about what time it is, or about how one looks. 63 thinking must focus on what is happening at that moment, and the mind and the body become one. Only by entering this quiet mental state 64 a climber really do his or her best.
- (A) Despite (B) Because (C) Unless (D) Although
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核心觀念
本題考「連接詞的語意與子句連接」。空格後為完整子句:
the climber is doing something very difficult
登山者正在做非常困難的事情
因此空格應填能引導完整子句,且符合上下文因果關係的連接詞。
定位句為:
Because the climber is doing something very difficult, everything that he or she sees, hears, or 61 must come together to help in the work of climbing.
翻譯為:
因為登山者正在進行非常困難的事情,所以他或她所看見、聽見或感受到的一切,都必須共同協助攀登工作。
前句說明「攀登極困難的山需要特殊的心理狀態」,本句進一步解釋其原因:登山工作非常困難,所以感官、身體與心理必須協調運作。
解題方法
先判斷空格後的結構,再判斷上下文語意:
- 空格後是「主詞 the climber + be 動詞 is + 動作」的完整子句。
- 選項中 Because、Although、Unless 都可以連接完整子句;Despite 通常接名詞、代名詞或動名詞。
- 文意需要表達「登山者正在進行困難工作」是「所有感官與身體機能必須協調運作」的原因。
- 因此選擇表示原因的 Because。
句型為:
Because the climber is doing something very difficult 是原因,everything ... must come together 是結果。
選項分析
(A) Despite
Despite 意為「儘管、即使」,是介系詞,後面通常接名詞、代名詞或動名詞,例如:
- despite the difficulty
- despite being tired
本題後面是完整子句 the climber is doing...,若要使用 despite,必須改為 despite the fact that the climber is...。此外,句意是「因為攀登非常困難,所以各部分必須協調」,不是「儘管困難,仍然……」,語意不合。故錯誤。
(B) Because
第 61 題
【題組共用題幹】
Climbing the most difficult mountains requires a very special mental condition.
60 the climber is doing something very difficult, everything that he or she sees, hears, or 61 must come together to help in the work of climbing. All of the parts of the body work together smoothly and quietly 62 each part feels what is happening in the other parts. There is no room for thinking about what time it is, or about how one looks. 63 thinking must focus on what is happening at that moment, and the mind and the body become one. Only by entering this quiet mental state 64 a climber really do his or her best.
- (A) points (B) says (C) walks (D) feels
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登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念
本題考克漏字中的:
- 平行結構(parallel structure)
- 文意判斷
- 感官動詞的語意搭配
句型為:
everything that he or she sees, hears, or ___
其中 sees、hears、___ 是由連接詞 or 連接的三個並列動詞,描述登山者接收到的感官訊息,因此空格應填入與「看見、聽見」同屬感官知覺的動詞。
解題方法
定位答案的關鍵句為:
Everything that he or she sees, hears, or feels must come together to help in the work of climbing.
翻譯:
他或她所看見、聽見或感受到的一切,都必須共同協助攀登的工作。
句中列出三種登山者接收外界訊息的方式:
- sees:看見
- hears:聽見
- feels:感受到
文章後文又提到:
All of the parts of the body work together smoothly and quietly as each part feels what is happening in the other parts.
翻譯:
身體的各個部位平順而安靜地協同運作,因為每個部位都能感受到其他部位正在發生的事情。
後文再次出現 feels,強調登山時身體與心智對身體狀態及環境的感受,因此空格填入 feels 最符合全文語意。
選項分析
(A) points
point 作動詞時可表示「指向、指出」,第三人稱單數為 points。
若填入後為:
everything that he or she sees, hears, or points
語意變成「他或她所看見、聽見或指向的一切」,與前兩個動詞所表達的感官知覺不一致;而且 point 通常需要搭配方向或對象,例如 point at the mountain,單獨放在此處不自然。因此錯誤。
(B) says
say 表示「說、講」,第三人稱單數為 says。
若填入後為:
everything that he or she sees, hears, or says
語意變成「他或她所看見、聽見或說出的一切」。雖然文法上可以成立,但文章正在描述登山者必須集中運用身體感官與動作,並非討論登山者所說的話;
第 62 題
【題組共用題幹】
Climbing the most difficult mountains requires a very special mental condition.
60 the climber is doing something very difficult, everything that he or she sees, hears, or 61 must come together to help in the work of climbing. All of the parts of the body work together smoothly and quietly 62 each part feels what is happening in the other parts. There is no room for thinking about what time it is, or about how one looks. 63 thinking must focus on what is happening at that moment, and the mind and the body become one. Only by entering this quiet mental state 64 a climber really do his or her best.
- (A) or (B) if (C) as (D) but
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核心觀念
本題考查連接詞的語意與句型。空格前後為完整子句:
All of the parts of the body work together smoothly and quietly ___ each part feels what is happening in the other parts.
基本結構為:
主句 + 連接詞 + 子句
空格後的 each part feels... 是完整子句,因此需要選擇能表達前後動作關係的對等連接詞。
本句語意是:身體各部位能協調運作,同時每個部位都感受到其他部位正在發生的事情。因此應使用 as,表示「當……時」、「隨著……」、「因為……而呈現同步關係」。
定位答案的關鍵句
All of the parts of the body work together smoothly and quietly as each part feels what is happening in the other parts.
翻譯:
身體的所有部位都能平順而安靜地協同運作,因為每個部位都能感受到其他部位正在發生的事情。
此處 as 主要表達兩件事同步發生,也帶有「由於、因為」的語意:身體各部位協調運作,與各部位彼此感知的狀態同時存在,前後具有密切關聯。
選項分析
(A) or
or 表示「或、否則」,用來表達選擇或替代關係。
若填入:
All of the parts of the body work together smoothly and quietly or each part feels what is happening in the other parts.
意思會變成:
身體各部位平順地協同運作,或是每個部位感受到其他部位的狀況。
前後兩件事並非二選一,而是同時發生、彼此相關,因此 or 不合語意。
(B) if
if 表示「如果」,用來引導條件子句。
若填入:
All of the parts of the body work together smoothly and quietly if each part feels what is happening in the other parts.
意思是:
如果每個部位感受到其他部位的狀況,身體各部位就會平順地協同運作。
此句在文法上可以成立,但原文並非提出假設條件,而是在描述攀爬者進入專注狀態時,身體各部位同步協調的情形。
第 63 題
【題組共用題幹】
Climbing the most difficult mountains requires a very special mental condition.
60 the climber is doing something very difficult, everything that he or she sees, hears, or 61 must come together to help in the work of climbing. All of the parts of the body work together smoothly and quietly 62 each part feels what is happening in the other parts. There is no room for thinking about what time it is, or about how one looks. 63 thinking must focus on what is happening at that moment, and the mind and the body become one. Only by entering this quiet mental state 64 a climber really do his or her best.
- (A) One (B) All (C) Some (D) Few
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核心觀念
本題考「限定詞(determiner)+名詞」的搭配,以及文章上下文的語意判斷。
空格後的名詞是 thinking,此處表示「思考、思想活動」,屬於不可數的抽象名詞。句意是在說:攀岩者進入高度專注的心理狀態後,所有思考都必須集中於當下正在發生的事情。因此應使用表示「全部、所有」的 All。
定位答案的關鍵句
63 thinking must focus on what is happening at that moment, and the mind and the body become one.
翻譯:
所有的思考都必須集中於當下正在發生的事情,心智與身體因此合而為一。
前文指出攀岩時「沒有餘地去思考時間或外表」,後文又說心智與身體合而為一,顯示攀岩者的思考必須全部集中在攀爬當下,故選 All。
解題方法
先觀察空格後的 thinking:
- thinking 在此為不可數抽象名詞,表示整體的思考活動。
- 句子描述的是攀岩時思考活動的整體狀態,而非一個單獨想法。
- 語意需要「所有思考都集中於當下」,因此選擇表示「全部」的 All。
完整句為:
All thinking must focus on what is happening at that moment.
其中 must focus on 表示「必須專注於、必須集中在」,是判斷語意的重要線索。
選項分析
(A) One
one 表示「一個」,通常修飾可數名詞單數,例如:
one idea(一個想法)
one thought(一個念頭)
本句的 thinking 是不可數抽象名詞,且語意不是「一個思考」集中於當下,而是所有思考活動都必須集中於當下。若要表達「一個念頭」,應使用 one thought,不能使用 one thinking。故錯誤。
第 64 題
【題組共用題幹】
Climbing the most difficult mountains requires a very special mental condition.
60 the climber is doing something very difficult, everything that he or she sees, hears, or 61 must come together to help in the work of climbing. All of the parts of the body work together smoothly and quietly 62 each part feels what is happening in the other parts. There is no room for thinking about what time it is, or about how one looks. 63 thinking must focus on what is happening at that moment, and the mind and the body become one. Only by entering this quiet mental state 64 a climber really do his or her best.
- (A) can (B) shall (C) must (D) should
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核心觀念
本題考查「限制副詞片語置於句首時的倒裝句」以及情態助動詞的語意。
題幹關鍵句為:
Only by entering this quiet mental state can a climber really do his or her best.
只有進入這種寧靜的心理狀態,攀登者才能真正發揮最佳表現。
句中 Only by entering this quiet mental state 是置於句首的限制性副詞片語,表示「只有藉由進入這種寧靜的心理狀態」。當含有 only 的限制語置於句首時,主要子句必須採用部分倒裝:
原本的正常語序為:
A climber can really do his or her best only by entering this quiet mental state.
將 only by... 移至句首後,變成:
Only by entering this quiet mental state can a climber really do his or her best.
因此空格應填 can。
解題方法
先觀察空格後的結構:
___ a climber really do his or her best
主詞是 a climber,主要動詞是原形 do。由於句首已出現 Only by...,需要在主詞前放置情態助動詞,形成倒裝句。
句型結構如下:
Only + 副詞片語 + 情態助動詞 + 主詞 + 原形動詞
本句中:
- Only by entering this quiet mental state:只有藉由進入這種寧靜的心理狀態
- can:能夠、才能
- a climber:攀登者
- really do his or her best:真正做到最好、發揮最佳表現
完整意思是:攀登者必須進入這種專注而寧靜的心理狀態,才能真正發揮實力。
選項分析
(A) can
can 表示能力或可能性,在本句中可譯為「才能」。放在句首限制片語之後,形成正確的部分倒裝:
Only by entering this quiet mental state can a climber really do his or her best.
語意與文法皆正確,故為答案。
(B) shall
shall 主要表示正式語氣的未來、承諾、命令或規定,例如:
You shall obey the law.
你必須遵守法律。
本句是在說「只有進入某種心理狀態,攀登者才能發揮最佳表現」,需要的是能力或條件上的「才能」,不是未來安排、命令或正式規定。因此 shall 不符合語意;
第 65 題
【題組共用題幹】
Kauai, the oldest of the main Hawaiian Islands, has some of the state’s most stunning scenery. Rivers and streams flow slowly through jungles of shaded greens. The breathtaking 4,000-foot cliffs of Na Pali Coast rise grandly from the sea. Waimea Canyon, called the “Grand Canyon of the Pacific” by Mark Twain, cuts a deep gash through the rugged central mountains.
Rising more than 5,000 feet, Mt. Waialeale stands at the center of the nearly round island. This extinct volcano is considered the wettest spot on earth, with almost 500 inches of rainfall each year. Yet this amount of rain is surprisingly localized. Just a few miles west, there’s a dry region that receives a mere 6 inches of rain annually.
The island continues to recover from its 1992 visit from Iniki, the most powerful hurricane to hit Hawaii this century. A few hotels are still being rebuilt, but Kauai remains as beautiful as ever.
Kauai is not for people who thrive on crowds or nightlife. While it does have its share of resort hotels, shopping centers and good restaurants, and a smattering of museums, art galleries and night spots, its main attractions lie outdoors. Hiking, camping, and scuba diving are excellent on the island.
What is the theme of this passage?
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核心觀念
本題考查英文閱讀測驗中的「文章主旨(theme)」判斷。解題重點不是尋找某個細節,而是觀察全文反覆介紹的核心內容,判斷作者主要想介紹什麼。
文章主要描寫夏威夷 Kauai 島的:
- 地理位置與自然景觀
- 山脈、峽谷、海岸與河流
- 降雨量分布
- 氣候與颶風後的復原情形
- 適合從事的戶外活動
因此,全文主軸是「介紹一個地方的地理與自然特色」,答案為 (D) Geographical information of a place.
解題方法
判斷主旨時,可依下列方式切入:
- 觀察第一段:文章開頭直接介紹 Kauai 的景色,包括河流、Na Pali Coast 懸崖與 Waimea Canyon。
- 觀察第二段:說明 Mt. Waialeale、降雨量及島上乾濕區域的地理差異。
- 觀察第三、四段:補充颶風影響、觀光設施與戶外活動。
- 統整全文:各段皆圍繞 Kauai 的地形、氣候、自然景觀與旅遊特色,並非只討論歷史事件或環境問題。
定位主旨的關鍵原文為:
Kauai, the oldest of the main Hawaiian Islands, has some of the state’s most stunning scenery.
Kauai 是夏威夷主要島嶼中最古老的島嶼之一,擁有該州最壯麗的景色。
這句話在開頭即點出文章的介紹對象與重點。後文則以地形、氣候、降雨及戶外活動等內容加以說明。
此外,第四段提到:
its main attractions lie outdoors.
它的主要吸引力在於戶外景觀與活動。
這也再次顯示文章重點在 Kauai 的自然與地理特色。
關鍵單字與片語
- stunning scenery:壯麗的景色
- river and stream:河流與溪流
- breathtaking:令人屏息的、壯觀的
- cliff:懸崖
- coast:海岸
- rise from the sea:從海面高聳而起
- canyon:峽谷
- rugged mountain:崎嶇的山地
- extinct volcano:死火山
- the wettest spot on earth:地球上最潮濕的地方
- rainfall:降雨量
- localized:集中於局部地區的
- annually:每年地
- hurricane:颶風
- recover from:從……中復原
- thrive on crowds or nightlife:以人潮或夜生活為樂
- resort hotel:度假飯店
- smattering of:少量的、零星的
- main attractions:主要景點/主要吸引力
- hiking:健行
- camping:露營
- scuba diving:水肺潛水
文法與語意重點
- 同位語補充說明
Kauai, the oldest of the main Hawaiian Islands, has...
其中 the oldest of the main Hawaiian Islands 是同位語,用來補充說明 Kauai 的身分。
第 66 題
【題組共用題幹】
Kauai, the oldest of the main Hawaiian Islands, has some of the state’s most stunning scenery. Rivers and streams flow slowly through jungles of shaded greens. The breathtaking 4,000-foot cliffs of Na Pali Coast rise grandly from the sea. Waimea Canyon, called the “Grand Canyon of the Pacific” by Mark Twain, cuts a deep gash through the rugged central mountains.
Rising more than 5,000 feet, Mt. Waialeale stands at the center of the nearly round island. This extinct volcano is considered the wettest spot on earth, with almost 500 inches of rainfall each year. Yet this amount of rain is surprisingly localized. Just a few miles west, there’s a dry region that receives a mere 6 inches of rain annually.
The island continues to recover from its 1992 visit from Iniki, the most powerful hurricane to hit Hawaii this century. A few hotels are still being rebuilt, but Kauai remains as beautiful as ever.
Kauai is not for people who thrive on crowds or nightlife. While it does have its share of resort hotels, shopping centers and good restaurants, and a smattering of museums, art galleries and night spots, its main attractions lie outdoors. Hiking, camping, and scuba diving are excellent on the island.
What is Kauai famous for?
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核心觀念
本題考查英文閱讀理解中的「主旨判斷」與「細節定位」。題目問:
What is Kauai famous for?
考艾島以什麼聞名?
判斷主旨時,應觀察文章反覆描述的內容,而不是只抓住單一細節。本文多次強調 Kauai 的壯麗景色、自然地形與戶外活動,因此答案是 natural beauty(自然美景)。
解題方法
文章開頭即集中描寫 Kauai 的自然景觀:
Kauai, the oldest of the main Hawaiian Islands, has some of the state’s most stunning scenery.
考艾島是夏威夷主要島嶼中最古老的島嶼,擁有全州最令人驚嘆的一些景色。
後文接著列舉具體景觀,包括:
- 茂密的熱帶叢林
- Na Pali Coast 的高聳海岸峭壁
- Waimea Canyon 峽谷
- Mt. Waialeale 山
- 世界上降雨量最多的地區之一
文章最後又指出:
its main attractions lie outdoors. Hiking, camping, and scuba diving are excellent on the island.
它的主要魅力在於戶外景觀與活動。島上的健行、露營和水肺潛水都十分出色。
因此,全文主軸是 Kauai 的自然環境與戶外景觀,而非氣候、火山活動或遊樂設施。
關鍵單字與片語
- stunning scenery:令人驚嘆的景色
- flow through:流經
- jungle:叢林
- breathtaking:令人屏息的、壯觀的
- cliff:懸崖、峭壁
- coast:海岸
- rugged:崎嶇的
- extinct volcano:死火山
- rainfall:降雨量
- localized:局部的、集中在特定地區的
- annually:每年地
- hurricane:颶風
- resort hotel:度假飯店
- main attraction:主要景點、主要吸引力
- lie outdoors:位於戶外,指主要特色是自然戶外環境
- thrive on crowds:以人群為樂、喜歡熱鬧
- nightlife:夜生活
- a smattering of:少量的、零星的
語意與文法重點
1. 「be famous for」表示「以……聞名」
題目中的 What is Kauai famous for? 是詢問 Kauai 最著名的特色。選項必須符合全文的主要描述。
第 67 題
【題組共用題幹】
Kauai, the oldest of the main Hawaiian Islands, has some of the state’s most stunning scenery. Rivers and streams flow slowly through jungles of shaded greens. The breathtaking 4,000-foot cliffs of Na Pali Coast rise grandly from the sea. Waimea Canyon, called the “Grand Canyon of the Pacific” by Mark Twain, cuts a deep gash through the rugged central mountains.
Rising more than 5,000 feet, Mt. Waialeale stands at the center of the nearly round island. This extinct volcano is considered the wettest spot on earth, with almost 500 inches of rainfall each year. Yet this amount of rain is surprisingly localized. Just a few miles west, there’s a dry region that receives a mere 6 inches of rain annually.
The island continues to recover from its 1992 visit from Iniki, the most powerful hurricane to hit Hawaii this century. A few hotels are still being rebuilt, but Kauai remains as beautiful as ever.
Kauai is not for people who thrive on crowds or nightlife. While it does have its share of resort hotels, shopping centers and good restaurants, and a smattering of museums, art galleries and night spots, its main attractions lie outdoors. Hiking, camping, and scuba diving are excellent on the island.
What is the rainfall condition of Kauai?
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核心觀念
本題考「閱讀理解」中的細節定位與同義改寫。關鍵在於辨認文章對 Kauai 降雨分布的描述,而不是只看「雨量很多」這個單一資訊。
文章指出:
- Mt. Waialeale 每年約有 500 英吋降雨量。
- 距離數英里以西的乾燥地區,每年只有 6 英吋降雨量。
- 因此,Kauai 的雨量並非平均分布,而是集中在某些區域。
題目問:
What is the rainfall condition of Kauai?
Kauai 的降雨情況如何?
解題方法
先找文章中直接描述降雨分布的句子:
Yet this amount of rain is surprisingly localized.
然而,這麼大的雨量出人意料地集中在局部地區。
接著文章進一步舉例:
Just a few miles west, there’s a dry region that receives a mere 6 inches of rain annually.
往西僅數英里處,就有一個乾燥地區,每年只有區區 6 英吋的降雨量。
文中的 localized 是本題最重要的線索,意思是「局部的、集中在某些地方的」。同一座島上,一處每年約 500 英吋,另一處卻只有 6 英吋,顯示降雨量集中於特定地點,故選:
(A) The rainfall concentrates in some spots.
降雨集中在某些地點。
關鍵單字與片語
- rainfall:降雨量;降雨
- localized:局部的;集中於某些地區的
- wettest spot:最潮濕的地點
- rain annually:每年降雨
- a mere 6 inches:僅僅 6 英吋;mere 表示「僅有的、少得令人意外的」
- dry region:乾燥地區
- concentrate in:集中於
- except:除了……之外
- season:季節
- scenery:風景
- cliff:懸崖
- extinct volcano:死火山
- hurricane:颶風
- resort hotel:度假飯店
- scuba diving:水肺潛水
文法與語意重點
1. localized 的語意
句子中的:
this amount of rain is surprisingly localized
使用 be 動詞 + 形容詞 localized,描述大量降雨的分布狀況。此處不是說雨水「被定位」,而是指雨量集中在有限的地區。
2. receives a mere 6 inches of rain
第 68 題
【題組共用題幹】
Three pilot whales are believed to be swimming freely off the Atlantic Coast today. Their names are Tag, Notch, and Baby. These seagoing mammals are among the lucky survivors of a whale-stranding last December at Cape Cod.
As many as 60 pilot whales swam ashore. Scientists are still trying to find out why whales have this self-destructive behavior. Many of the whales died on the beach—crushed by their own weight. Whale experts found Tag, Notch, and Baby alive. The three were believed to be too young to survive on their own if returned to sea.
The three whales were taken in a van to the New England Aquarium in Boston, Mass. They were kept in a 60,000-gallon tank for seven months. Only a few people worked with the whales so that they would not become too accustomed to human beings.
Early this past summer the three whales were pronounced fit enough to be returned to the Atlantic Ocean. A month after their release, the whales were spotted. They were found in a group of 50 whales about 60 miles from where they had been set free.
The 60 pilot whales swam ashore as a result of
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核心觀念
本題為閱讀理解題,考查:
- 能否從文章中找出支持答案的關鍵句。
- 能否區分「文章明確提及的原因」與「選項自行添加、文章未提供的資訊」。
- 閱讀細節與因果關係的判斷。
題目問:
The 60 pilot whales swam ashore as a result of
這 60 隻領航鯨游到岸上的原因是什麼?
關鍵在於文章指出,科學家仍在研究鯨魚擱淺的原因,表示目前原因尚未被確定。
解題方法
直接定位文章中描述擱淺原因的句子:
Scientists are still trying to find out why whales have this self-destructive behavior.
翻譯:
科學家仍在試圖了解鯨魚為什麼會有這種自我毀滅的行為。
其中:
- find out:查明、了解
- self-destructive behavior:自我毀滅的行為
- still trying to:仍在努力做某事,表示事情尚未解決或尚未確定
- why whales have...:鯨魚為何有……的原因
既然科學家「仍在試圖找出原因」,就代表鯨魚游到岸上的真正原因目前仍不明。四個選項中,只有 (B) a behavior currently unknown to scientists 符合文章內容。
選項分析
(A) a large winter storm off the coast of Cape Cod.
因科德角外海的一場大型冬季暴風雪。
錯誤。文章只提到事件發生在去年十二月:
These seagoing mammals are among the lucky survivors of a whale-stranding last December at Cape Cod.
這句只說明鯨魚在十二月於 Cape Cod 發生擱淺,並未提到暴風雪,也沒有建立「暴風雪導致擱淺」的因果關係。月份是十二月,不代表一定有大型冬季風暴。
(B) a behavior currently unknown to scientists.
目前科學家尚不了解的一種行為。
正確。文章明確指出:
Scientists are still trying to find out why whales have this self-destructive behavior.
也就是科學家尚未知道鯨魚為何會游到岸上;這種行為的原因目前仍屬未知。因此符合題目所問的原因。
(C) a genetic phenomenon currently being studied by whale experts.
目前鯨魚專家正在研究的一種基因現象。
錯誤。文章提到科學家正在研究鯨魚的「self-destructive behavior」,但未提到基因、遺傳或 genetic phenomenon。此選項把文章中的「正在研究」擴大解釋成基因研究,屬於無中生有。
第 69 題
【題組共用題幹】
Three pilot whales are believed to be swimming freely off the Atlantic Coast today. Their names are Tag, Notch, and Baby. These seagoing mammals are among the lucky survivors of a whale-stranding last December at Cape Cod.
As many as 60 pilot whales swam ashore. Scientists are still trying to find out why whales have this self-destructive behavior. Many of the whales died on the beach—crushed by their own weight. Whale experts found Tag, Notch, and Baby alive. The three were believed to be too young to survive on their own if returned to sea.
The three whales were taken in a van to the New England Aquarium in Boston, Mass. They were kept in a 60,000-gallon tank for seven months. Only a few people worked with the whales so that they would not become too accustomed to human beings.
Early this past summer the three whales were pronounced fit enough to be returned to the Atlantic Ocean. A month after their release, the whales were spotted. They were found in a group of 50 whales about 60 miles from where they had been set free.
The pilot whales died on the beaches of Cape Cod due to
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核心觀念
本題是閱讀理解與語意定位題,重點在於辨認題目詢問的是:
- 鯨魚「為何擱淺」:科學家尚未確定原因。
- 鯨魚「為何死亡」:文章已明確指出是被自身體重壓垮。
題目問的是:
The pilot whales died on the beaches of Cape Cod due to ...
也就是「這些領航鯨因為什麼而死」,必須尋找文章中直接說明死亡原因的句子。
答案定位
文章第二段明確指出:
Many of the whales died on the beach—crushed by their own weight.
翻譯為:
許多鯨魚死在沙灘上——被自身的體重壓垮。
因此,鯨魚離開海水、擱淺在沙灘後,身體失去水的浮力支撐,龐大的身體重量會壓迫內部器官,使其無法維持正常生理功能。這與選項(C)完全符合。
解題方法
先抓題幹關鍵字:
- died:死亡
- due to:由於、因為
- beaches:海灘、沙灘
再回文章尋找與「死亡原因」直接相關的資訊。文章雖然提到科學家仍在研究鯨魚擱淺的原因:
Scientists are still trying to find out why whales have this self-destructive behavior.
翻譯為:
科學家仍在努力了解鯨魚為何會有這種自我毀滅的行為。
但這句討論的是「擱淺行為的成因」,不是「擱淺後死亡的直接原因」。真正回答題目的句子是「crushed by their own weight」。
在生物學上,鯨魚在水中受到浮力支撐;離開水面後,龐大的體重由身體自身承受,可能造成胸腔受壓、呼吸困難及循環障礙。因此可由文章內容歸納為:其身體結構無法在離水狀態下支撐自身重量。
選項分析
(A)the lack of salt water to facilitate their respiration.
缺乏鹽水以幫助呼吸。
錯誤。鯨魚是哺乳類,靠肺呼吸空氣,不是靠鹽水進行呼吸。海水主要提供浮力,而非協助鯨魚直接呼吸。文章也沒有說鯨魚因缺乏鹽水而無法呼吸,反而明確指出牠們是被自身重量壓垮。
(B)the lack of nutrition to maintain their enormous body weight.
缺乏營養以維持其龐大的體重。
錯誤。文章沒有提到鯨魚因飢餓、營養不足或無法進食而死亡。題幹強調的是牠們「crushed by their own weight」,死亡原因是身體承重問題,不是營養問題。
第 70 題
【題組共用題幹】
Three pilot whales are believed to be swimming freely off the Atlantic Coast today. Their names are Tag, Notch, and Baby. These seagoing mammals are among the lucky survivors of a whale-stranding last December at Cape Cod.
As many as 60 pilot whales swam ashore. Scientists are still trying to find out why whales have this self-destructive behavior. Many of the whales died on the beach—crushed by their own weight. Whale experts found Tag, Notch, and Baby alive. The three were believed to be too young to survive on their own if returned to sea.
The three whales were taken in a van to the New England Aquarium in Boston, Mass. They were kept in a 60,000-gallon tank for seven months. Only a few people worked with the whales so that they would not become too accustomed to human beings.
Early this past summer the three whales were pronounced fit enough to be returned to the Atlantic Ocean. A month after their release, the whales were spotted. They were found in a group of 50 whales about 60 miles from where they had been set free.
The three whales Tag, Notch, and Baby were rescued because
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核心觀念
本題是英文閱讀理解,考查:
- 文章細節定位
- 因果關係判斷
- 同義語意辨識
- 排除文章未提及或與原文不符的敘述
題目問:「Tag、Notch 和 Baby 這三頭領航鯨為何獲救?」關鍵在於尋找文章中直接說明救援人員發現牠們時的狀態。
解題方法
定位文章第二段:
Whale experts found Tag, Notch, and Baby alive.
鯨魚專家發現 Tag、Notch 和 Baby 仍然活著。
其中 found ... alive 表示「發現……時仍活著」。文章前文指出,許多擱淺的領航鯨死在沙灘上,原因是牠們被自身重量壓垮:
Many of the whales died on the beach—crushed by their own weight.
許多鯨魚死在海灘上——被自身的重量壓垮。
因此,這三頭鯨魚之所以被救援,是因為救援人員找到牠們時,牠們仍然活著,答案為 (C)。
文章另提到:
The three were believed to be too young to survive on their own if returned to sea.
當時人們認為,若直接把牠們送回海中,這三頭鯨魚年紀太小,無法自行存活。
這句說明的是「為何不能直接放回大海、必須先送到水族館照護」,不是最直接回答本題的獲救原因。
文法與語意重點
be believed to + 原形動詞
例如:
Three pilot whales are believed to be swimming freely off the Atlantic Coast today.
意為「據信三頭領航鯨今天正在大西洋沿岸自由游泳」。
結構為:
表示「一般認為……」。
find + 受詞 + 形容詞
found Tag, Notch, and Baby alive
alive 是受詞補語,說明 Tag、Notch 和 Baby 被發現時的狀態,即「被發現時仍活著」。
too ... to ...
too young to survive on their own
表示「太年幼而無法自行存活」。
基本結構為:
be pronounced fit enough to ...
were pronounced fit enough to be returned to the Atlantic Ocean
意為「被判定健康到足以被放回大西洋」。fit enough to 表示「健康、適合到足以……」。
關鍵單字與片語
pilot whale:領航鯨swim freely:自由游泳seagoing mammal:海洋哺乳動物survivor:倖存者
第 71 題
【題組共用題幹】
Three pilot whales are believed to be swimming freely off the Atlantic Coast today. Their names are Tag, Notch, and Baby. These seagoing mammals are among the lucky survivors of a whale-stranding last December at Cape Cod.
As many as 60 pilot whales swam ashore. Scientists are still trying to find out why whales have this self-destructive behavior. Many of the whales died on the beach—crushed by their own weight. Whale experts found Tag, Notch, and Baby alive. The three were believed to be too young to survive on their own if returned to sea.
The three whales were taken in a van to the New England Aquarium in Boston, Mass. They were kept in a 60,000-gallon tank for seven months. Only a few people worked with the whales so that they would not become too accustomed to human beings.
Early this past summer the three whales were pronounced fit enough to be returned to the Atlantic Ocean. A month after their release, the whales were spotted. They were found in a group of 50 whales about 60 miles from where they had been set free.
Which of the following is NOT true?
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核心觀念
本題是閱讀理解中的「找出不符合文章內容」題型,重點在於:
- 找出題幹中的明確資訊。
- 將各選項改寫成與文章相同或相反的意思。
- 判斷選項是符合原文,還是與原文矛盾。
題目問:
Which of the following is NOT true?
下列何者不正確?
因此,三個符合文章內容的選項是正確敘述,唯一與文章相反的選項就是答案。
關鍵單字與片語
- pilot whale:領航鯨
- be believed to + V:被認為……
- swim freely:自由游泳
- Atlantic Coast:大西洋沿岸
- seagoing mammal:海洋哺乳動物
- survivor:倖存者
- whale-stranding:鯨魚擱淺事件
- swim ashore:游到岸上、游上海岸
- self-destructive behavior:自我毀滅行為
- crushed by their own weight:被自身重量壓垮
- on their own / by themselves:獨自地、靠自己
- become accustomed to:變得習慣於……
- be pronounced fit enough to + V:被宣布已經健康到足以……
- release:釋放
- spot:發現、看見
- set free:釋放,使恢復自由
解題方法
文章資訊可以整理如下:
- 科學家正在研究領航鯨擱淺及其自我毀滅行為的原因。
- Tag、Notch 和 Baby 年紀太小,若直接放回海中,無法獨立生存。
- 牠們被安置在水族館中,工作人員刻意控制接觸人數,以免牠們太習慣人類。
- 牠們被放回大西洋後,一個月又被發現,且與約 50 隻鯨魚一起活動。
接著逐一比對選項即可。
定位答案的原文
文章明確指出:
A month after their release, the whales were spotted.
牠們被釋放一個月後,又被發現了。
這句直接表示 Tag、Notch 和 Baby 在放回海洋後仍然被人看見,因此「再也沒有被看見」與原文相反。
選項分析
(A) Scientists are studying the suicidal behavior of pilot whales.
科學家正在研究領航鯨的自我毀滅行為。
文章第二段提到:
Scientists are still trying to find out why whales have this self-destructive behavior.
科學家仍在努力了解鯨魚為何會有這種自我毀滅行為。
選項中的 suicidal behavior 是「自殺行為」,文章中的 self-destructive behavior 是「自我毀滅行為」,兩者在本題語境中意思相近。文章確實說明科學家正在研究這種行為。
因此,(A) 是正確敘述。
(B) Tag, Notch, and Baby were too young to survive by themselves in the sea.
第 72 題
【題組共用題幹】
Experts say that creativity by definition means going against tradition and breaking the rules. To be creative, you must dare 72, and courageously express your own outlook and 73 what makes you unique.
But does our society encourage children to break the rules? I’m afraid the answer is no. The famous film director Ang Lee recalls his father’s disappointment with him when he was young. 74 a small child, he would pick up a broom and pretend to be playing guitar for the entertainment of family guests. Then, when he was studying film in college, he would exhaust himself just for a performance tour. His father, 75 always hoped that he would get a PhD and become a professor, 76 with a scoff: “What is all this nonsense?!” But it later turned out that it was exactly his courage to “rebel” and to express his own ideas that marks his films with distinct creativity.
- (A) rebel (B) to rebel (C) rebelling (D) be rebelled
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核心觀念
本題考「不定詞」的句型:
dare to + 原形動詞:敢於做某事
題幹句子為:
To be creative, you must dare to rebel, and courageously express your own outlook...
其中主詞為 you,助動詞 must 後接原形動詞 dare;而 dare 在此作一般動詞使用,後面接不定詞 to rebel。
句意為:
要有創意,你必須敢於反抗,勇敢地表達自己的觀點,以及展現使你獨特的特質。
因此空格應填 to rebel。
解題方法
先觀察空格前的結構:
you must dare ___
句型可拆解為:
- must 是助動詞,後接原形動詞 dare。
- 此處 dare 表示「敢於」,是一般動詞。
- 一般動詞 dare 後面通常接不定詞:
rebel 是動詞,意思是「反抗、反叛」,所以正確形式為 to rebel。
定位答案的關鍵原文
Experts say that creativity by definition means going against tradition and breaking the rules. To be creative, you must dare to rebel...
翻譯:
專家表示,創意就定義而言,意味著違背傳統並打破規則。要有創意,你必須敢於反抗……
前文的 going against tradition 與 breaking the rules 已經提供語意線索,後文又提到:
his courage to “rebel”
意思是:
他「反抗」的勇氣。
因此,空格內容應為表示「敢於反抗」的 dare to rebel。
選項分析
(A) rebel
若填入後為:
you must dare rebel
在現代標準英文中,dare 作一般動詞時,後面通常要接 to + 原形動詞,因此應為 dare to rebel,不能直接接 rebel。
補充而言,dare 有時可作情態動詞使用,例如:
How dare you say that?
第 73 題
【題組共用題幹】
Experts say that creativity by definition means going against tradition and breaking the rules. To be creative, you must dare 72, and courageously express your own outlook and 73 what makes you unique.
But does our society encourage children to break the rules? I’m afraid the answer is no. The famous film director Ang Lee recalls his father’s disappointment with him when he was young. 74 a small child, he would pick up a broom and pretend to be playing guitar for the entertainment of family guests. Then, when he was studying film in college, he would exhaust himself just for a performance tour. His father, 75 always hoped that he would get a PhD and become a professor, 76 with a scoff: “What is all this nonsense?!” But it later turned out that it was exactly his courage to “rebel” and to express his own ideas that marks his films with distinct creativity.
- (A) take pride in (B) fall short of (C) get out of (D) keep up with
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核心觀念
本題考「片語辨義」與「平行結構」。
句中:
courageously express your own outlook and ___ what makes you unique.
空格與前面的 express 由對等連接詞 and 連接,因此後面也應填入一個動詞片語,形成:
express A and take pride in B
語意上,文章強調創意來自於勇於表達自己的觀點,並且認同、珍惜自身的獨特之處。
關鍵句定位與翻譯
To be creative, you must dare 72, and courageously express your own outlook and 73 what makes you unique.
翻譯:
要具備創意,你必須敢於____,並勇敢地表達自己的觀點,且為使你與眾不同的特質感到自豪。
其中 what makes you unique 是名詞子句,意為「使你獨特的事物」或「讓你與眾不同的特質」,作為片語 take pride in 的受詞。
選項分析
(A) take pride in:為……感到自豪,以……為榮
代入後:
express your own outlook and take pride in what makes you unique
意為:
表達自己的觀點,並為使自己與眾不同的特質感到自豪。
符合文法上的平行結構,也符合文章鼓勵人勇於展現自我、肯定獨特性的語意,因此正確。
(B) fall short of:未達到,不符合,未能做到
代入後為:
express your own outlook and fall short of what makes you unique
意為「表達自己的觀點,並未能達到使你獨特的事物」,語意不通。文章是在鼓勵讀者肯定自己的獨特性,並非表示自己達不到獨特的條件。
第 74 題
【題組共用題幹】
Experts say that creativity by definition means going against tradition and breaking the rules. To be creative, you must dare 72, and courageously express your own outlook and 73 what makes you unique.
But does our society encourage children to break the rules? I’m afraid the answer is no. The famous film director Ang Lee recalls his father’s disappointment with him when he was young. 74 a small child, he would pick up a broom and pretend to be playing guitar for the entertainment of family guests. Then, when he was studying film in college, he would exhaust himself just for a performance tour. His father, 75 always hoped that he would get a PhD and become a professor, 76 with a scoff: “What is all this nonsense?!” But it later turned out that it was exactly his courage to “rebel” and to express his own ideas that marks his films with distinct creativity.
- (A) Since (B) For (C) To (D) As
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核心觀念
本題考「介系詞/連接詞搭配名詞片語所形成的語意」,重點是判斷空格後的 a small child 在句中表示什麼關係。
句型:
As a small child, he would pick up a broom and pretend to be playing guitar...
此處 as + 身分/狀態 表示「當……時;年幼時」,相當於 when he was a small child。
因此,句意是:
當他還是個小孩子時,他會拿起掃把,假裝自己正在彈吉他,為家中的賓客娛樂。
解題方法
先觀察空格後的名詞片語 a small child。它不是地點、目的,也不是明確的時間點,而是用來說明主詞 Ang Lee 在當時的「身分/狀態」。
將各選項代入:
As a small child, he would pick up a broom...
可改寫為:
When he was a small child, he would pick up a broom...
語意與文法都完整,且符合後方 would pick up 所描述的過去習慣,因此選 As。
定位答案的原文與翻譯
原文:
As a small child, he would pick up a broom and pretend to be playing guitar for the entertainment of family guests.
翻譯:
當他還是個小孩子時,他會拿起掃把,假裝自己正在彈吉他,為家中的賓客帶來娛樂。
其中 As a small child 是時間/狀態副詞片語,修飾後面的 he would pick up...。
選項分析
(A) Since
since 可表示「自從……以來」,後面通常接明確的時間點或完整子句,例如:
- since 2010:自 2010 年以來
- since he was a child:自他還是孩子以來
- since childhood:自幼年以來
Since a small child 不符合自然的英文搭配。若要使用 since,應改為:
Since he was a small child, he has enjoyed music.
第 75 題
【題組共用題幹】
Experts say that creativity by definition means going against tradition and breaking the rules. To be creative, you must dare 72, and courageously express your own outlook and 73 what makes you unique.
But does our society encourage children to break the rules? I’m afraid the answer is no. The famous film director Ang Lee recalls his father’s disappointment with him when he was young. 74 a small child, he would pick up a broom and pretend to be playing guitar for the entertainment of family guests. Then, when he was studying film in college, he would exhaust himself just for a performance tour. His father, 75 always hoped that he would get a PhD and become a professor, 76 with a scoff: “What is all this nonsense?!” But it later turned out that it was exactly his courage to “rebel” and to express his own ideas that marks his films with distinct creativity.
- (A) who (B) while (C) that (D) when
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核心觀念
第 75 題考「非限定關係子句」與關係代名詞的用法。
句型為:
His father, ___ always hoped that he would get a PhD and become a professor, ___ with a scoff.
逗號後的子句補充說明前面的 His father,且關係代名詞在子句中作主詞:
- 先行詞:His father
- 關係代名詞:空格
- 子句:___ always hoped ...
- 動詞:hoped
因為先行詞是指人的名詞,且關係代名詞在子句中作主詞,應使用 who。
解題方法
定位答案的關鍵句為:
His father, who always hoped that he would get a PhD and become a professor, reacted with a scoff: “What is all this nonsense?!”
翻譯:
他的父親總是希望他取得博士學位並成為教授,並對此嗤之以鼻地說:「這些胡鬧到底是什麼?」
空格後的 always hoped 缺少主詞,而逗號前的 His father 是人的先行詞,因此以 who 代替 His father,形成非限定關係子句:
who always hoped that ...
完整結構為:
His father, who always hoped ..., reacted with a scoff.
其中 who always hoped ... 是補充說明父親的背景,拿掉後主句仍完整:
His father reacted with a scoff.
因此答案為 (A) who。
選項分析
(A) who 正確
who 可指人,能在關係子句中作主詞。此處:
who always hoped ...
等於:
His father always hoped ...
語意是「他的父親總是希望他取得博士學位並成為教授」,文法與語意皆正確。
(B) while 錯誤
while 是從屬連接詞,主要表示「當……時」「然而」,後面通常接完整子句,例如:
While he was studying film, his father was disappointed.
本句空格後雖有 always hoped,但空格所在位置是用來連接先行詞 His father 與補充說明子句,必須使用關係代名詞。while 無法代替人,也不能形成:
His father, while always hoped ...
若要使用 while,句型需改寫為:
While his father always hoped that he would become a professor, Ang Lee pursued his
第 76 題
【題組共用題幹】
Experts say that creativity by definition means going against tradition and breaking the rules. To be creative, you must dare 72, and courageously express your own outlook and 73 what makes you unique.
But does our society encourage children to break the rules? I’m afraid the answer is no. The famous film director Ang Lee recalls his father’s disappointment with him when he was young. 74 a small child, he would pick up a broom and pretend to be playing guitar for the entertainment of family guests. Then, when he was studying film in college, he would exhaust himself just for a performance tour. His father, 75 always hoped that he would get a PhD and become a professor, 76 with a scoff: “What is all this nonsense?!” But it later turned out that it was exactly his courage to “rebel” and to express his own ideas that marks his films with distinct creativity.
- (A) relieved (B) relaxed (C) relied (D) reacted
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核心觀念
本題考克漏字中的:
- 動詞字義辨析
- 動詞與介系詞的固定搭配
- 文章語意與上下文判斷
空格所在句為:
His father, 75 always hoped that he would get a PhD and become a professor, 76 with a scoff: “What is all this nonsense?!”
句意是:他的父親一直希望他取得博士學位並成為教授,卻帶著嘲笑的態度作出反應:「這些胡鬧到底是什麼?!」
其中空格後接 with a scoff,最自然的搭配是 react with a scoff,表示「以嘲笑的態度回應」。
解題方法
先觀察句子結構:
- 主詞:His father
- 插入的非限定關係子句:who always hoped that he would get a PhD and become a professor
- 主要動詞:76
- 介系詞片語:with a scoff
父親原本希望 Ang Lee 成為教授,但 Ang Lee 卻投入電影創作。父親對此表現出失望與嘲諷,因此需要一個表示「作出反應」的動詞。
react with + 情緒或態度 是常見用法:
- react with anger:憤怒地反應
- react with surprise:驚訝地反應
- react with a smile:以微笑回應
- react with a scoff:以嘲笑回應
因此應填入 reacted。
完整句為:
His father, who always hoped that he would get a PhD and become a professor, reacted with a scoff.
翻譯:
他的父親一直希望他取得博士學位並成為教授,卻嗤之以鼻地回應:「這些胡鬧到底是什麼?!」
選項分析
(A) relieved
relieve 表示「使……安心、減輕……」,形容詞 relieved 表示「感到寬慰的」。
例如:
- She felt relieved after hearing the good news.
她聽到好消息後感到寬慰。
本句需要的是主要動詞,且語意是父親「對這件事作出反應」。relieved with a scoff 不符合語意,也不是自然搭配,因此錯誤。
(B) relaxed
relax 表示「放鬆」,relaxed 表示「放鬆的」。
例如:
- He relaxed after finishing his work.
他完成工作後放鬆下來。
父親面對兒子投入電影、沒有朝博士或教授方向發展,表現的是嘲諷與不滿,不是放鬆。relaxed with a scoff 在語意及搭配上均不成立,因此錯誤。
(C) relied
rely on 表示「依賴、依靠」,必須與介系詞 on 搭配:
第 77 題
【題組共用題幹】
In India, as in many places, rap music is often a form of protest. In fact, this follows the original tradition of the genre. Rap music began in New York as a way for Black Americans to speak about racism, discrimination, and other social injustices facing their community. 77 Indian rappers use their music to talk about both problems that affect them personally and general injustices they see in their country.
For example, just before COVID-19 hit, the Indian government passed the Citizenship Amendment Act. This offered citizenship to non-Muslim immigrants from certain nearby countries. 78 Protesters took to the streets to voice their disagreement with the new rule, and rappers took to their microphones to do the same. Shumais Nazar and Manosh Kochi released a track in support of the protests entitled “Streetocracy,” Sumit Roy put out “Go Protest,” and Arivu’s song “sanda seivom” translates into “Let’s Fight.”
79 It has also discussed violence against Indian women, uncaring politicians, farmer suicides, and the injustice of the country’s system of social hierarchy. It’s not all just tough words, though—the music can bring about real change. 80 Many people, rappers and fans alike, see rap music as a way to give a voice to the voiceless. According to rapper TM Krishna, this is because rap music “is direct and in your face, it demands attention.” Indian rappers have a lot to say—and they aren’t afraid to say it.
(A) In 2015, a viral rap song helped 591 ex-employees of Unilever in Kodaikanal receive compensation for mercury poisoning—even though the company had shut down 15 years ago.
(B) However, many people saw it as a way for the government to continue discriminating against India’s Muslim population.
(C) These days, people all over the world use rap to discuss social and political issues, and the people of India are no exception.
(D) Indian rap music has covered many topics beyond anti-Muslim policies.
- (A) (B) (C) (D)
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核心觀念
本題是克漏字,主要考:
- 上下文銜接與段落主旨
- 轉折、承接及例證的語意功能
- 代名詞與指涉關係
- 文章結構:總說 → 舉例 → 延伸說明 → 具體成果
第 77 格位於第一段末,前文先介紹饒舌音樂源自美國黑人社群的抗議傳統,後文則開始說明印度饒舌歌手如何以音樂談論社會問題。因此此處需要一個「從全球現象銜接到印度」的總說句。
解題方法
先觀察空格前後:
Rap music began in New York as a way for Black Americans to speak about racism, discrimination, and other social injustices facing their community. 77 Indian rappers use their music to talk about both problems that affect them personally and general injustices they see in their country.
前一句介紹饒舌音樂的起源及其社會抗議功能;後一句直接談到 Indian rappers。因此空格需要:
- 承接「饒舌音樂可以討論社會與政治議題」
- 將範圍由全世界帶到印度
- 能自然引出後面的印度饒舌歌手
(C):
These days, people all over the world use rap to discuss social and political issues, and the people of India are no exception.
翻譯為:
如今,世界各地的人們都利用饒舌音樂討論社會與政治議題,而印度人也不例外。
此句先概括全球現象,再以 the people of India are no exception 引出印度,與下一句的 Indian rappers 完美銜接,因此答案為 C。
定位答案的關鍵原文
These days, people all over the world use rap to discuss social and political issues, and the people of India are no exception. Indian rappers use their music to talk about both problems that affect them personally and general injustices they see in their country.
翻譯:
如今,世界各地的人們都利用饒舌音樂討論社會與政治議題,而印度人也不例外。印度饒舌歌手利用音樂談論影響自身的問題,以及他們在國家中所看見的各種不公義。
前句的 India are no exception 直接預告後句的 Indian rappers,形成明確的語意承接。
選項分析
(A) In 2015, a viral rap song helped 591 ex-employees of Unilever in Kodaikanal receive compensation for mercury poisoning—even though the company had shut down 15 years ago.
翻譯:
2015 年,一首走紅的饒舌歌曲協助印度科代卡納爾的 591 名前聯合利華員工因汞中毒獲得賠償,即使該公司早在 15 年前就已經關閉。
此選項是具體事件,適合放在文章後段,用來支持前文「音樂可以帶來實際改變」的說法。文章後面正有:
It’s not all just tough words, though—the music can bring about real change.
也就是「這不只是強硬的言詞,音樂還能帶來實際改變」。因此 (A) 應是後文的具體例證,放在第 77 格會使文章尚未介紹印度饒舌的整體情況,就突然跳到 2015 年的個案,段落順序不合理。
*(B) However, many people saw it as a way for the government to continue discriminating against India’s Muslim population.
第 78 題
【題組共用題幹】
In India, as in many places, rap music is often a form of protest. In fact, this follows the original tradition of the genre. Rap music began in New York as a way for Black Americans to speak about racism, discrimination, and other social injustices facing their community. 77 Indian rappers use their music to talk about both problems that affect them personally and general injustices they see in their country.
For example, just before COVID-19 hit, the Indian government passed the Citizenship Amendment Act. This offered citizenship to non-Muslim immigrants from certain nearby countries. 78 Protesters took to the streets to voice their disagreement with the new rule, and rappers took to their microphones to do the same. Shumais Nazar and Manosh Kochi released a track in support of the protests entitled “Streetocracy,” Sumit Roy put out “Go Protest,” and Arivu’s song “sanda seivom” translates into “Let’s Fight.”
79 It has also discussed violence against Indian women, uncaring politicians, farmer suicides, and the injustice of the country’s system of social hierarchy. It’s not all just tough words, though—the music can bring about real change. 80 Many people, rappers and fans alike, see rap music as a way to give a voice to the voiceless. According to rapper TM Krishna, this is because rap music “is direct and in your face, it demands attention.” Indian rappers have a lot to say—and they aren’t afraid to say it.
(A) In 2015, a viral rap song helped 591 ex-employees of Unilever in Kodaikanal receive compensation for mercury poisoning—even though the company had shut down 15 years ago.
(B) However, many people saw it as a way for the government to continue discriminating against India’s Muslim population.
(C) These days, people all over the world use rap to discuss social and political issues, and the people of India are no exception.
(D) Indian rap music has covered many topics beyond anti-Muslim policies.
- (A) (B) (C) (D)
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核心觀念
第 78 題考查:
- 克漏字的上下文邏輯
- 轉折語氣的判斷
- 代名詞與指涉對象
- 段落銜接與語意連貫
前文先說明印度政府通過《公民身分修正法》,此法「提供部分鄰近國家的非穆斯林移民公民身分」。下一句接著說抗議者與饒舌歌手都以行動表達反對,因此空格需要一個表示「轉折」的句子,說明這項政策雖表面上提供公民身分,卻被許多人視為歧視印度穆斯林。
解題方法
先定位空格前後的語意:
This offered citizenship to non-Muslim immigrants from certain nearby countries.
這項法案提供部分鄰近國家的非穆斯林移民公民身分。
78 Protesters took to the streets to voice their disagreement with the new rule, and rappers took to their microphones to do the same.
抗議者走上街頭表達對這項新規定的不滿,饒舌歌手也拿起麥克風做同樣的事。
前一句只描述法案的內容,後一句則明確指出人們「反對」這項新規定。兩者之間需要補充「為什麼會有人反對」的原因。
選項 B:
However, many people saw it as a way for the government to continue discriminating against India’s Muslim population.
翻譯:
然而,許多人認為這是政府繼續歧視印度穆斯林人口的一種方式。
句首的 However 表示「然而」,形成清楚轉折:
- 法案表面上給予某些移民公民身分;
- 然而,許多人認為它排除穆斯林,是政府歧視穆斯林的延續;
- 因此,抗議者上街、饒舌歌手以音樂聲援抗議。
整段的因果與轉折關係完整,因此選 B。
選項分析
(A) In 2015, a viral rap song helped 591 ex-employees of Unilever in Kodaikanal receive compensation for mercury poisoning—even though the company had shut down 15 years ago.
翻譯:
2015 年,一首爆紅的饒舌歌曲幫助印度科代卡納爾的 591 名前聯合利華員工,因汞中毒而獲得賠償,即使該公司早在 15 年前就已關閉。
此選項內容是在舉出饒舌音樂促成社會改變的實例,適合放在後文:
It’s not all just tough words, though—the music can bring about real change.
這不只是強硬的言詞而已——這種音樂能帶來真正的改變。
放在第 78 格不恰當,原因如下:
- 前文正在說明《公民身分修正法》引發的抗議,A 卻突然轉向聯合利華汞中毒事件。
- In 2015 帶出另一個時間點,與前後文的印度政府政策抗議缺乏銜接。
- A 是具體案例,屬於後文「音樂能帶來實際改變」的證據,不是解釋抗議原因的句子。
因此 A 不符合第 78 格的段落功能。
(B) However, many people saw it as a way for the government to continue discriminating against India’s Muslim population.
翻譯:
然而,許多人認為這是政府繼續歧視印度穆斯林人口的一種方式。
此選項正確,理由包括:
- However 與前句形成轉折。
- it 指前句的 the Citizenship Amendment Act,代名詞指涉清楚。
- continue discriminating against 表示「繼續歧視」,符合印度穆斯林群體受到不平等對待的語境。
- 後句的 Protesters took to the streets to voice their disagreement 正好承接 B 所說的「許多人認為政策具有歧視性」。
- B 能完整解釋抗議者為何反對這項新法,也能自然引出饒舌歌手以歌曲參與抗議。
因此 B 是正確答案。
第 79 題
【題組共用題幹】
In India, as in many places, rap music is often a form of protest. In fact, this follows the original tradition of the genre. Rap music began in New York as a way for Black Americans to speak about racism, discrimination, and other social injustices facing their community. 77 Indian rappers use their music to talk about both problems that affect them personally and general injustices they see in their country.
For example, just before COVID-19 hit, the Indian government passed the Citizenship Amendment Act. This offered citizenship to non-Muslim immigrants from certain nearby countries. 78 Protesters took to the streets to voice their disagreement with the new rule, and rappers took to their microphones to do the same. Shumais Nazar and Manosh Kochi released a track in support of the protests entitled “Streetocracy,” Sumit Roy put out “Go Protest,” and Arivu’s song “sanda seivom” translates into “Let’s Fight.”
79 It has also discussed violence against Indian women, uncaring politicians, farmer suicides, and the injustice of the country’s system of social hierarchy. It’s not all just tough words, though—the music can bring about real change. 80 Many people, rappers and fans alike, see rap music as a way to give a voice to the voiceless. According to rapper TM Krishna, this is because rap music “is direct and in your face, it demands attention.” Indian rappers have a lot to say—and they aren’t afraid to say it.
(A) In 2015, a viral rap song helped 591 ex-employees of Unilever in Kodaikanal receive compensation for mercury poisoning—even though the company had shut down 15 years ago.
(B) However, many people saw it as a way for the government to continue discriminating against India’s Muslim population.
(C) These days, people all over the world use rap to discuss social and political issues, and the people of India are no exception.
(D) Indian rap music has covered many topics beyond anti-Muslim policies.
- (A) (B) (C) (D)
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核心觀念
本題考「克漏字的篇章銜接」與「代名詞指涉」。判斷插入句時,需注意:
- 前後文的主題是否一致。
- 代名詞如 It 所指的名詞。
- 連接詞如 also、though 的語意功能。
- 段落是否按照「提出主題—舉例—延伸說明—具體成果」發展。
本段主題是印度饒舌音樂如何反映社會與政治不公。第 79 格後面的句子列舉印度饒舌音樂討論的其他議題,因此需要一個能承接前文、引出「其他主題」的句子。
解題方法
第 79 格前文提到印度饒舌歌手以歌曲抗議《公民身分修正法》及其對穆斯林的歧視:
Protesters took to the streets to voice their disagreement with the new rule, and rappers took to their microphones to do the same.
抗議者走上街頭表達對這項新規定的不滿,饒舌歌手也拿起麥克風做同樣的事。
第 79 格後文接著說:
It has also discussed violence against Indian women, uncaring politicians, farmer suicides, and the injustice of the country’s system of social hierarchy.
它也討論印度女性遭受的暴力、冷漠的政治人物、農民自殺,以及該國社會階級制度的不公。
其中 It 指的是前文的 Indian rap music。句中的 also 表示「除了前面提到的反穆斯林政策,印度饒舌音樂還討論其他議題」。
因此,第 79 格應填入:
Indian rap music has covered many topics beyond anti-Muslim policies.
印度饒舌音樂涵蓋了許多超越反穆斯林政策的議題。
這句先概括說明「還有其他主題」,下一句再具體列舉女性暴力、政治人物、農民自殺與社會階級不公,形成「總說—分述」結構,銜接最完整。
選項分析
(A) In 2015, a viral rap song helped 591 ex-employees of Unilever in Kodaikanal receive compensation for mercury poisoning—even though the company had shut down 15 years ago.
2015 年,一首瘋傳的饒舌歌曲幫助印度科代卡納爾的 591 名前聯合利華員工因汞中毒獲得補償,儘管該公司早在 15 年前就已關閉。
本句內容是在說饒舌音樂帶來實際社會改變,適合放在:
It’s not all just tough words, though—the music can bring about real change.
之後,作為「音樂能帶來真實改變」的具體例證。放在第 79 格後,會在列舉議題之前突然跳到 2015 年的個案,且下一句的 It has also discussed... 缺乏適當的前文銜接,因此錯誤。
(B) However, many people saw it as a way for the government to continue discriminating against India’s Muslim population.
然而,許多人認為這是政府繼續歧視印度穆斯林人口的一種方式。
本句是對《公民身分修正法》的補充說明,正好銜接:
第 80 題
【題組共用題幹】
In India, as in many places, rap music is often a form of protest. In fact, this follows the original tradition of the genre. Rap music began in New York as a way for Black Americans to speak about racism, discrimination, and other social injustices facing their community. 77 Indian rappers use their music to talk about both problems that affect them personally and general injustices they see in their country.
For example, just before COVID-19 hit, the Indian government passed the Citizenship Amendment Act. This offered citizenship to non-Muslim immigrants from certain nearby countries. 78 Protesters took to the streets to voice their disagreement with the new rule, and rappers took to their microphones to do the same. Shumais Nazar and Manosh Kochi released a track in support of the protests entitled “Streetocracy,” Sumit Roy put out “Go Protest,” and Arivu’s song “sanda seivom” translates into “Let’s Fight.”
79 It has also discussed violence against Indian women, uncaring politicians, farmer suicides, and the injustice of the country’s system of social hierarchy. It’s not all just tough words, though—the music can bring about real change. 80 Many people, rappers and fans alike, see rap music as a way to give a voice to the voiceless. According to rapper TM Krishna, this is because rap music “is direct and in your face, it demands attention.” Indian rappers have a lot to say—and they aren’t afraid to say it.
(A) In 2015, a viral rap song helped 591 ex-employees of Unilever in Kodaikanal receive compensation for mercury poisoning—even though the company had shut down 15 years ago.
(B) However, many people saw it as a way for the government to continue discriminating against India’s Muslim population.
(C) These days, people all over the world use rap to discuss social and political issues, and the people of India are no exception.
(D) Indian rap music has covered many topics beyond anti-Muslim policies.
- (A) (B) (C) (D)
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核心觀念
本題考「克漏字的篇章邏輯與語意銜接」,重點包括:
- 代名詞與指涉關係:句中的 It 指前文的 Indian rap music。
- 文章結構:前文先說明印度饒舌音樂討論的議題,接著以具體事例證明音樂能帶來實際改變。
- 轉折與舉例:前一句指出音樂不只是強硬的言論,後一句需要接一個「實際造成社會成果」的例子。
關鍵句為:
It’s not all just tough words, though—the music can bring about real change.
不過,這不只是強硬的言論而已——這種音樂能帶來真正的改變。
因此,空格應填入一個能具體說明「饒舌音樂帶來實際改變」的句子。
解題方法
先觀察空格前後的語意:
- 空格前:音樂不只是表達抗議,也能造成真實的改變。
- 空格後:許多人,包括饒舌歌手與歌迷,都認為饒舌音樂能替弱勢發聲。
中間最自然的安排是「提出一個具體案例」,證明饒舌音樂確實促成社會正義。因此選項必須:
- 與 rap song 或音樂產生直接關聯;
- 描述具體的社會成果;
- 能支持「bring about real change」的觀點。
(A) 提到一首走紅的饒舌歌曲促使 591 名遭汞中毒的前聯合利華員工獲得賠償,完全符合上述三項條件。
填入後的段落為:
It’s not all just tough words, though—the music can bring about real change. In 2015, a viral rap song helped 591 ex-employees of Unilever in Kodaikanal receive compensation for mercury poisoning—even though the company had shut down 15 years ago. Many people, rappers and fans alike, see rap music as a way to give a voice to the voiceless.
翻譯:
不過,這不只是強硬的言論而已——這種音樂能帶來真正的改變。**2015 年,一首在網路上廣為流傳的饒舌歌曲,幫助印度科代卡納爾的聯合利華 591 名前員工因汞中毒獲得賠償,儘管該公司早在 15 年前就已經關閉。**許多人,包括饒舌歌手與歌迷,都認為饒舌音樂能替弱勢者發聲。
正確選項分析
(A) In 2015, a viral rap song helped 591 ex-employees of Unilever in Kodaikanal receive compensation for mercury poisoning—even though the company had shut down 15 years ago.
中文:2015 年,一首廣為流傳的饒舌歌曲幫助印度科代卡納爾的聯合利華 591 名前員工因汞中毒獲得賠償,儘管該公司早在 15 年前就已關閉。
本句是具體事例,說明饒舌歌曲不只表達不滿,也能協助弱勢群體爭取賠償,直接呼應前句的:
the music can bring about real change
文法上,help + 受詞 + 原形動詞 表示「幫助某人做某事」:
helped 591 ex-employees receive compensation
幫助 591 名前員工獲得賠償
even though 引導讓步副詞子句,表示「即使、儘管」:
even though the company had shut down 15 years ago
儘管該公司早在 15 年前就已關閉
本選項在語意、篇章功能與文法上都完全吻合,故為正確答案。
其餘選項分析
(B) However, many people saw it as a way for the government to continue discriminating against India’s Muslim population.
中文:然而,許多人認為這是政府繼續歧視印度穆斯林人口的一種方式。