亞洲大學 113 年 《英文》

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第 1 題

Three people are running for mayor. All three _____ seem confident that they will be elected, but we won’t know until the outcome of the election is announced.

(A) particles
(B) receivers
(C) candidates
(D) containers

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查「字彙辨析」與「語境判讀」,重點是根據句意判斷名詞的正確意思。

句中關鍵片語為:

  • run for mayor:參選市長
  • seem confident:似乎很有信心
  • be elected:當選
  • outcome of the election:選舉結果
  • candidate:候選人

題幹描述三個人正在競選市長,因此空格必須填入表示「候選人」的名詞。

解題方法

定位答案的關鍵句是:

Three people are running for mayor.
三個人正在參選市長。

能參選市長的人,就是市長選舉中的「候選人」。後句:

All three _____ seem confident that they will be elected, but we won’t know until the outcome of the election is announced.
三位_____似乎都很有信心自己會當選,但在選舉結果公布以前,我們不會知道結果。

空格後的 they 指前三位參選者,且 will be elected 表示「將被選上」。因此空格應填 candidates。

完整句意為:

Three people are running for mayor. All three candidates seem confident that they will be elected, but we won’t know until the outcome of the election is announced.
三個人正在參選市長。三位候選人似乎都很有信心自己會當選,但在選舉結果公布以前,我們不會知道結果。

文法與語意重點

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第 2 題

Buddhism is the _____ religion in Thailand, with 90% of the total population identified as Buddhists.

(A) racial
(B) competitive
(C) modest
(D) dominant

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查「形容詞的語意辨識」與固定搭配。句意指出:泰國總人口中有 90% 認同為佛教徒,因此佛教是泰國的「主要宗教、占支配地位的宗教」。

關鍵搭配為:

  • the dominant religion:主要宗教、占主導地位的宗教
  • the total population:總人口
  • be identified as:被認定為、認同為……

題幹定位與翻譯

題幹原文:

Buddhism is the _____ religion in Thailand, with 90% of the total population identified as Buddhists.

翻譯:

佛教是泰國的主要宗教,總人口中有 90% 被認定為佛教徒。

其中 with 90% of the total population identified as Buddhists 是 with 結構,補充說明泰國人口的宗教信仰狀況。90% 的比例顯示佛教在泰國人口中占絕大多數,因此空格應填入表示「占主導地位」的形容詞。

解題方法

先抓數字線索 90%。這代表佛教信徒占泰國人口的絕大多數,佛教在宗教中具有主導地位。

因此句意需要:

Buddhism is the dominant religion in Thailand.

dominant 表示「支配的、主導的、占優勢的」,最符合上下文。

句中的 the 也提供線索:題目是在特定範圍「泰國的宗教」中,指出哪一個宗教占主導地位,因此使用 the dominant religion 合乎語意與搭配。

選項分析

(A) racial

racial 意為「種族的、種族相關的」。

  • racial religion:種族宗教

此搭配不符合句意。題幹討論的是佛教在泰國人口中的比例與地位,不是在說佛教屬於某一種族,也沒有種族分類的語境,因此錯誤。

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第 3 題

Mr. Lin is a very ________ writer; he publishes at least five novels every year.

(A) moderate
(B) temporary
(C) productive
(D) reluctant

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「形容詞的語意判斷」,依據作家每年出版大量小說的事實,選出表示「生產力高、作品產量多」的形容詞。

句型為:

Mr. Lin is a very ________ writer; he publishes at least five novels every year.
林先生是一位非常________的作家;他每年至少出版五本小說。

分號後的句子補充說明 Mr. Lin 的寫作特色。每年出版至少五本小說,表示他的作品產量十分豐富,因此空格應填入 productive。

解題方法

先抓取關鍵線索:

he publishes at least five novels every year
他每年至少每年出版五本小說。

「每年出版至少五本小說」代表持續且大量地創作。能夠產出大量作品的人或事物,可用 productive 表示「多產的、具有生產力的」。

因此:

大量創作、作品產量高⇒productive\text{大量創作、作品產量高} \Rightarrow \text{productive}

選項分析

  • (A) moderate:適度的、中等的、溫和的

指程度不高不低、適中的狀態,例如 moderate exercise(適度運動)。每年出版至少五本小說是「產量高」的意思,並非「適度」,因此不合語意。

  • (B) temporary:暫時的、臨時的
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第 4 題

Since the orange trees suffered _____ damage from a storm in the summer, the farmers are expecting a sharp decline in harvests this winter.

(A) potential
(B) relative
(C) severe
(D) mutual

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查「形容詞的語意判斷」與固定搭配。空格位於名詞 damage 前方,因此需要填入能修飾損害程度或性質的形容詞。

句意指出:橘樹在夏季暴風雨中受到某種程度的損害,因此農民預期冬季收成會大幅下降。能合理表達「嚴重損害」的形容詞是 severe。

解題方法

定位答案的關鍵句為:

Since the orange trees suffered _____ damage from a storm in the summer, the farmers are expecting a sharp decline in harvests this winter.

翻譯:

由於橘樹在夏季暴風雨中遭受了 _____ 的損害,農民預期今年冬季的收成會大幅下降。

後半句 expecting a sharp decline in harvests(預期收成大幅下降)形成明確的因果線索,表示前面的損害程度很大,因此空格應填表示「嚴重的」的 severe。

文法結構為:

  • suffer damage:遭受損害
  • 形容詞 + damage:以形容詞修飾損害的程度或性質
  • Since + 子句, 主句:因為……,所以……

選項分析

(A) potential 潛在的、可能發生的

potential damage 可表示「潛在的損害」,指損害尚未實際發生。然而題幹使用 suffered,表示橘樹已經實際遭受損害,因此語意不合。

(B) relative 相對的

relative 表示「相對的、比較上的」,通常需要比較基準,例如 relative importance(相對重要性)。

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第 5 題

Robert was the only _____ to the car accident. The police had to count on him to find out exactly how the accident happened.

(A) dealer
(B) guide
(C) witness
(D) client

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「事故相關人物的字義辨析」與固定搭配。

句中關鍵片語為:

  • witness to an accident:事故的目擊者
  • count on someone:依靠某人、指望某人
  • find out:查明、弄清楚
  • exactly:確切地、精確地

警方必須依靠 Robert 來查明事故的確切經過,因此 Robert 必須是「看見事故發生的人」,也就是 witness。

解題方法

先定位答案線索:

Robert was the only _____ to the car accident.
Robert 是這起車禍唯一的 _____。

下一句指出:

The police had to count on him to find out exactly how the accident happened.
警方必須依靠他,才能確切查明事故是如何發生的。

「警方依靠他了解事故經過」表示 Robert 親眼看見事故,因此空格應填 witness。

完整句子為:

Robert was the only witness to the car accident.

其中 the only + 名詞 表示「唯一的……」;witness to the car accident 表示「這起車禍的目擊者」。

選項分析

(A) dealer:經銷商、商人、交易者。

  • car dealer 是「汽車經銷商」。
  • dealer 指從事買賣或經銷的人,與「親眼目擊車禍」無關。
  • 填入後成為「Robert 是這起車禍唯一的經銷商」,不符合後句警方依靠他查明事故經過的語意。

(B) guide:導遊、嚮導、指引者。

  • guide 指帶領他人前往某處,或提供指導的人。
  • 車禍語境中,guide 不能表示「目擊者」。
  • 填入後成為「Robert 是這起車禍唯一的嚮導」,與事故調查沒有合理關聯。

(C) witness:目擊者、見證人。

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第 6 題

We hope that there will be no war in the world and that all people live in peace and _____ with each other.

(A) complaint
(B) harmony
(C) mission
(D) texture

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「語意判斷」與固定搭配。句意為:人類希望世界沒有戰爭,所有人都能彼此和平、和諧地生活。

關鍵搭配為:

  • live in peace and harmony with each other:彼此和平且和諧地生活
  • in harmony with:與……和諧相處;與……協調一致

句中已有 peace(和平),後面最適合接語意相近、形成對稱搭配的 harmony(和諧)。

解題方法

先定位題幹中的語意線索:

We hope that there will be no war in the world and that all people live in peace and _____ with each other.
我們希望世界上不會有戰爭,並且所有人都能彼此和平、和諧地生活。

句中的 no war、live in peace 都明確建立「和平相處」的語境,因此空格應填表示「和諧」的名詞。

完整句子為:

We hope that there will be no war in the world and that all people live in peace and harmony with each other.

其中 peace and harmony 是常見並列搭配,兩個名詞共同受到介系詞 in 修飾:

  • live in peace
  • live in harmony
  • live in peace and harmony

因此答案是 (B) harmony。

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第 7 題

With the worsening of global economic conditions, it seems wiser and more _____ to keep cash in the bank rather than to invest in the stock market.

(A) sensible
(B) portable
(C) explicit
(D) anxious

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「語意判斷」與「比較級並列」:

  • sensible:明智的、合理的、審慎的
  • portable:可攜帶的
  • explicit:明確的、明白表示的
  • anxious:焦慮的、擔心的;急切的

題幹指出全球經濟情勢惡化,因此「把現金存放在銀行」相較於「投資股市」是較明智、較審慎的選擇。

句型為:

wiser and more _____

其中 wiser 與空格中的形容詞並列,形成兩個比較級形容詞。選入 sensible 後為:

wiser and more sensible

意思是「更明智且更審慎」。

解題方法

先找出語意對比:

keep cash in the bank rather than invest in the stock market

翻譯為:「把現金存放在銀行,而不是投資股市。」

前面的 With the worsening of global economic conditions 表示「隨著全球經濟情勢惡化」,透露題意偏向保守、穩健的財務決策。因此空格需要填入表示「明智、審慎」的形容詞。

完整句子:

With the worsening of global economic conditions, it seems wiser and more sensible to keep cash in the bank rather than to invest in the stock market.

翻譯:

隨著全球經濟情勢惡化,把現金存放在銀行,而不是投資股市,似乎是更明智且更審慎的做法。

選項分析

(A) sensible:明智的、合理的、審慎的

符合題意。經濟情勢惡化時,保留現金相較於投入波動較大的股市,屬於較審慎的選擇。文法上也可與 more 搭配形成比較級:

more sensible

因此為正確答案。

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第 8 題

This tour package is very appealing, and that one looks _____ attractive. I don’t know which one to choose.

(A) equally
(B) annually
(C) merely
(D) gratefully

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「副詞的語意與位置」。空格位於形容詞 attractive 前方,因此需要填入能修飾形容詞、表示程度或方式的副詞。

equally 表示「同樣地;同等程度地」,常用於比較兩個人、事物或選項具有相同程度的特徵。

句型為:

equally+形容詞\text{equally}+\text{形容詞}

因此 equally attractive 表示「同樣吸引人;一樣有吸引力」。

題幹定位與翻譯

題幹關鍵句為:

This tour package is very appealing, and that one looks _____ attractive.

翻譯為:

這個旅遊套裝行程非常吸引人,而那一個看起來也同樣有吸引力。

後句:

I don’t know which one to choose.

翻譯為:

我不知道該選哪一個。

前句說第一個行程很吸引人,後句比較另一個行程,表示兩者具有相同程度的吸引力,因此空格應填 equally。

解題方法

先判斷詞性:空格位於 looks 與形容詞 attractive 之間。

  • looks 在此為連綴動詞,意思是「看起來」。
  • attractive 是形容詞,作主詞補語。
  • 空格中的字修飾 attractive,必須是副詞。

再根據語意判斷:

  • This tour package is very appealing:這個行程很吸引人。
  • that one looks _____ attractive:另一個行程看起來以某種程度具有吸引力。
  • I don’t know which one to choose:說話者難以選擇,暗示兩個行程都很吸引人,程度相近。

所以應使用表示「同樣程度」的副詞 equally。

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第 9 題

The police searched the house of the suspect _____. They almost turned the whole house upside down.

(A) relatively
(B) thoroughly
(C) casually
(D) permanently

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查副詞的詞義辨析,以及副詞修飾動詞的語意搭配。

句中動詞為 searched,意為「搜索、搜查」;空格中的副詞用來說明警方搜查房子的方式與程度。後句 They almost turned the whole house upside down. 表示「他們幾乎把整間房子翻了過來」,可知搜查非常仔細、徹底,因此應選表示「徹底地」的副詞。

解題方法

定位答案的關鍵句為:

The police searched the house of the suspect _____. They almost turned the whole house upside down.
警方非常徹底地搜查嫌疑犯的房子。他們幾乎把整間房子翻了過來。

後句中的 turn the whole house upside down 是慣用語,表示「把房子翻得亂七八糟、徹底搜查每個角落」。這個語意與 thoroughly「徹底地、仔細地」完全吻合。

因此完整句意為:

The police searched the house of the suspect thoroughly.
警方徹底地搜查了嫌疑犯的房子。

選項分析

(A) relatively

relatively 意為「相對地、比較而言」。它通常用來表示與另一對象相比的程度,例如:

  • relatively easy:相對容易
  • relatively small:相對較小

本句沒有提供比較對象,且後句強調警方把房子搜查得非常徹底,因此 relatively 不符合語意。此選項錯誤。

(B) thoroughly

thoroughly 意為「徹底地、仔細地、完全地」,可修飾 search,表示「徹底搜查」。

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第 10 題

Ruth is a very ____ person. She cannot take any criticism and always finds excuses to justify herself.

(A) shameful
(B) innocent
(C) defensive
(D) outgoing

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查「形容詞的語意判斷」與人物性格描述。題幹先指出 Ruth:

  • cannot take any criticism:無法接受任何批評
  • always finds excuses to justify herself:總是找藉口為自己辯解

因此,她面對批評時會採取自我保護、辯解的態度,符合 defensive「防衛的;戒備的;自我辯護的」。

解題方法

定位答案的關鍵句為:

She cannot take any criticism and always finds excuses to justify herself.
她無法接受任何批評,總是找藉口為自己辯解。

「無法接受批評」加上「為自己辯解」,表示 Ruth 對批評具有防衛心理。因此空格應填入描述這種反應的形容詞:

Ruth is a very defensive person.

句意為:

Ruth 是一個非常容易採取防衛態度的人。

選項分析

(A) shameful
意為「可恥的;丟臉的」,通常形容行為、事件或狀況令人感到羞恥,例如 a shameful act「可恥的行為」。它不表示「不能接受批評、總是辯解」,因此不合乎題意。

(B) innocent
意為「無辜的;清白的;天真的」。若 Ruth 確實沒有犯錯,可以說她是 innocent,但題幹強調的是她面對批評時的防衛反應,不是在判斷她是否無辜,因此語意不符。

(C) defensive
意為「防衛的;戒備的;自我辯護的」。be defensive 常指一個人受到批評或質疑時,立刻替自己辯解、找理由,甚至表現出不願接受意見的態度。與題幹完全相符。

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第 11 題

Many important legal ______ concerning the tragic incident have now been preserved in the museum.

(A) distributions
(B) formations
(C) documents
(D) constructions

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查「法律語境中的名詞辨義」與固定搭配。句意是:關於這起悲劇事件的許多重要法律______,如今已被保存於博物館中。

關鍵搭配為:

  • legal documents:法律文件、法律文書
  • concerning the tragic incident:關於這起悲劇事件
  • be preserved in the museum:被保存於博物館中

因此空格需要填入能指「文件、文書」的名詞。

解題方法

先觀察空格前的形容詞 legal。它通常修飾與法律程序、案件證據、官方紀錄相關的事物,例如:

  • legal documents:法律文件
  • legal records:法律紀錄
  • legal evidence:法律證據
  • legal proceedings:法律程序

再依句意判斷,能被保存於博物館中的,應是具有歷史或法律價值的「文件」。因此選擇 documents。

題幹定位答案的關鍵句為:

Many important legal documents concerning the tragic incident have now been preserved in the museum.

翻譯:
「許多與這起悲劇事件有關的重要法律文件,如今已被保存於博物館中。」

句中的 have now been preserved 是現在完成式被動語態:

have+been+過去分詞\text{have}+\text{been}+\text{過去分詞}

主詞 Many important legal documents 為複數,因此使用 have;文件是「被保存」,所以使用被動語態 been preserved。

選項分析

(A) distributions

意思是「分配、分發;分布」。

例如:

  • the distribution of food:食物的分配
  • income distribution:所得分配
  • geographical distribution:地理分布

legal distributions 不是本句適合的搭配。「分配」通常是行為或過程,不能合理指稱被保存於博物館中的法律文書,因此錯誤。

(B) formations

意思是「形成、構造、編隊、形態」。

例如:

  • rock formations:岩層、岩石構造
  • cloud formations:雲層形狀
  • military formations:軍事編隊
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第 12 題

This company, with its serious financial problems, is not ______.

(A) achievable
(B) stretchable
(C) repeatable
(D) manageable

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. be 動詞後接形容詞的文法結構。
  2. 形容詞的字義與語境搭配。
  3. 依據「serious financial problems」判斷公司是否容易處理、控制。

句型為:

This company ... is not ______.

is not 後面需要填入形容詞,描述這家公司目前的狀態。


題幹定位與翻譯

This company, with its serious financial problems, is not ______.

其中:

  • with its serious financial problems:帶著它嚴重的財務問題;由於它有嚴重的財務問題
  • serious:嚴重的
  • financial problems:財務問題

全句翻譯為:

這家公司由於有嚴重的財務問題,並不是容易處理的。

嚴重的財務問題會使公司的經營、資金調度與危機處理變得困難,因此最適合的形容詞是 manageable。


選項分析

(A) achievable

achievable 意為「可達成的、可實現的」。

常用來修飾:

  • achievable goal:可達成的目標
  • achievable target:可實現的目標
  • achievable result:可達成的結果

例句:

The goal is achievable.
這個目標是可以達成的。

本題主詞是 This company,句意是討論公司面對財務問題時是否容易處理,並非討論公司本身「能否被達成」。因此語意不合。

(B) stretchable

stretchable 意為「可伸展的、可拉長的」。

常用來描述:

  • stretchable fabric:有彈性的布料
  • stretchable material:可伸展的材料
  • stretchable band:可拉伸的帶子

例句:

This material is stretchable.
這種材料可以伸展。

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第 13 題

The gang of robbers was arrested on June 30, 2022, and ______ charged with theft, as well as breaking and entering.

(A) subsequently
(B) remotely
(C) substantially
(D) roughly

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. 副詞的語意辨析。
  2. 事件發生的時間順序。
  3. 片語 be charged with 的用法。

句中先提到歹徒於 2022 年 6 月 30 日被逮捕,接著被控告犯罪,因此空格需要表示「之後、隨後」的副詞。

subsequently 表示「隨後地、後來」,用來說明某事件緊接在另一事件之後發生。


解題方法

先掌握句子的事件順序:

  • The gang of robbers was arrested:這群搶匪被逮捕。
  • ______ charged with theft:之後被控竊盜罪。

「被逮捕」與「被起訴/控罪」之間具有明確的先後關係,因此應選擇表示時間順序的副詞。

完整句子為:

The gang of robbers was arrested on June 30, 2022, and subsequently charged with theft, as well as breaking and entering.

翻譯:

這群搶匪於 2022 年 6 月 30 日被逮捕,隨後被控竊盜罪,以及闖入建築物罪。

此處的 was 同時支配 arrested 與 charged:

was arrested and subsequently charged

其中 charged 是過去分詞,構成被動語態;be charged with + 犯罪或罪名 表示「被控以……罪」。


選項分析

(A) subsequently

subsequently:隨後地、後來。

放入句中:

was arrested and subsequently charged

意思是「被逮捕,隨後被控罪」,符合事件發生的時間順序,文法與語意皆正確。

因此為正確答案。

(B) remotely

remotely:遙遠地;以遠端方式;絲毫、稍微。

若放入句中:

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第 14 題

Most employers want to make sure job ______ are filled quickly, but finding the right candidate isn’t always easy.

(A) requirements
(B) casualties
(C) supplements
(D) vacancies

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查職場英文中的詞義辨析與語境判斷,句意與搭配是解題關鍵。

題幹中的關鍵片語是:

  • job vacancy:職缺、空缺職位
  • fill a vacancy:填補職缺
  • candidate:應徵者、候選人
  • employer:雇主、僱主
  • make sure:確保
  • quickly:迅速地
  • the right candidate:合適的人選

句子描述雇主希望職缺能迅速找到人填補,因此空格應填入表示「職缺、空缺職位」的 vacancies。

解題方法

先定位句意核心:

Most employers want to make sure job ______ are filled quickly, but finding the right candidate isn’t always easy.
大多數雇主都希望確保職缺能迅速被填補,但要找到合適的人選並不總是容易。

句中有被動語態:

job ______ are filled

「被填補」的對象應是職缺,因此空格需要填入表示「職位空缺」的名詞。

又因為動詞是複數形式 are,主詞 job ______ 必須是複數名詞。四個選項中,只有 vacancies 符合「職缺」的語意與複數形式。

完整句子為:

Most employers want to make sure job vacancies are filled quickly, but finding the right candidate isn’t always easy.
大多數雇主都希望確保職缺能迅速被填補,但找到合適的人選並不總是容易。

選項分析

(A) requirements

requirement 意為「要求、必要條件、需求」,複數 requirements 是「各項要求」或「必要條件」。

例如:

The job requirements include computer skills.
這份工作的要求包括電腦技能。

但 job requirements are filled 不符合慣用語意。要求可以被「滿足」或「符合」,常見搭配是 meet the requirements,不是 fill the requirements。

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第 15 題

A circular economy involves designing and promoting products that are made to be as ______ as possible, so most of them can be repaired or reused.

(A) notable
(B) portable
(C) durable
(D) flexible

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查環境與永續發展主題中的字義判斷,以及形容詞與語意的搭配。句意指出,循環經濟會設計並推廣「盡可能能長久使用」的產品,使多數產品可以被修理或重新使用。

關鍵語意為:

  • repaired:被修理
  • reused:被重新使用
  • as ... as possible:盡可能……
  • durable:耐用的、持久的

產品若具備耐用性,使用壽命較長,也較值得修理與重複使用,因此空格應填 durable。

解題方法

先抓句中的因果關係:

“so most of them can be repaired or reused.”
「因此,它們大多可以被修理或重新使用。」

能夠被修理或重複使用的產品,通常必須具備「耐用、不易損壞」的特性。再搭配句型:

“made to be as ______ as possible”
「被製造成盡可能……」

空格需要填入描述產品特性的形容詞。四個選項中,只有 durable 能與後面的「修理或重新使用」形成合理的語意關係。

題幹定位與翻譯

“A circular economy involves designing and promoting products that are made to be as durable as possible, so most of them can be repaired or reused.”

翻譯:

「循環經濟包含設計並推廣盡可能耐用的產品,使其中大多數產品可以被修理或重新使用。」

其中 as durable as possible 是定位答案的核心片語,表示「盡可能耐用」。

選項分析

(A) notable:值得注意的、顯著的

可形容成就、差異或特色,例如 a notable achievement(顯著的成就),但「值得注意」與產品能否被修理或重新使用沒有直接關係。
as notable as possible 在文法上可成立,卻不符合本句語意。

(B) portable:可攜帶的、便於攜帶的

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第 16 題

Human traffickers ______ people with well-paid job offers, lure them to other countries, and then force them into illegal work.

(A) kidnap
(B) abolish
(C) deceive
(D) uncover

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「動詞字義與語境判斷」。句意描述人口販運者先以高薪工作機會欺騙受害者,再誘騙他們前往其他國家,最後強迫其從事非法工作。

關鍵句型為:

Human traffickers deceive people with well-paid job offers, lure them to other countries, and then force them into illegal work.
人口販運者以待遇優渥的工作邀約欺騙人們,誘使他們前往其他國家,接著強迫他們從事非法工作。

空格後接受詞 people,需要填入能表示「欺騙人們」的及物動詞。

解題方法

先觀察語意順序:

  1. 以高薪工作機會吸引受害者。
  2. 誘使受害者前往國外。
  3. 強迫受害者從事非法工作。

第一個動作必須是「欺騙」,因為人口販運者通常利用虛假的工作條件取得受害者信任。選項中符合此語意的是 deceive。

此外,句中使用連接詞 and 串聯三個動作:

  • deceive people
  • lure them
  • force them

三者皆為主詞 Human traffickers 所執行的動作,形式一致。

關鍵單字與片語

  • human trafficker:人口販運者
  • deceive:欺騙,使上當
  • well-paid:薪資優渥的、高薪的
  • job offer:工作邀約、工作機會
  • lure:引誘、誘使
  • force A into B:強迫 A 從事 B
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第 17 題

Sue would ______ have followed the majority if she didn’t want to get into an argument.

(A) furiously
(B) undoubtedly
(C) invisibly
(D) spaciously

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「副詞語意辨識」與「假設語氣句型」。

句型:

Sue would ______ have followed the majority if she didn’t want to get into an argument.

主句中的 would have followed 表示「本來會跟隨/原本會支持」,空格需要填入能修飾整個動作、表達「毫無疑問地」的副詞。

句意是:

如果 Sue 不想陷入爭論,她毫無疑問會跟隨大多數人的意見。

關鍵單字與片語

  • follow:跟隨;遵從;支持某人的意見
  • the majority:多數人;多數意見
  • get into an argument:陷入爭論;與人爭吵
  • want to:想要……
  • undoubtedly:毫無疑問地;確定地
  • furiously:憤怒地;狂怒地
  • invisibly:不可見地;隱形地
  • spaciously:寬敞地

解題方法

先判斷空格所需的詞性。空格位於:

would+副詞‾+have followed\text{would} + \underline{\phantom{\text{副詞}}} + \text{have followed}

此處需要副詞,修飾 have followed,再依照句意選出合適者。

句中 if she didn’t want to get into an argument 表示 Sue 為了避免爭論而採取某種行動,因此主句應表達「她一定會這麼做」的語氣。最自然的搭配是:

would undoubtedly have followed
毫無疑問會跟隨……

完整句意:

如果 Sue 不想陷入爭論,她毫無疑問會跟隨多數人的意見。

題幹中定位答案的關鍵語句是:

Sue would ______ have followed the majority

其中 would have followed 表示假設情況下「本來會跟隨」,而符合「毫無疑問」語意的副詞是 undoubtedly。

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第 18 題

The teacher showed for the noise in the classroom and continued with his lecture as if he had not heard anything.

(A) connection
(B) rejection
(C) tolerance
(D) involvement

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查字義辨析與語境判斷。句中描述教師面對教室噪音時,仍繼續授課,表示他對噪音具有「容忍、忍受」的態度,因此答案為 tolerance。

  • tolerance:容忍;忍受;寬容
  • connection:連結;關係
  • rejection:拒絕;排斥
  • involvement:參與;涉入

題幹定位與翻譯

The teacher showed tolerance for the noise in the classroom and continued with his lecture as if he had not heard anything.

翻譯:老師對教室裡的噪音表現出容忍,並且繼續講課,就好像他什麼都沒聽見一樣。

關鍵線索是:

  • show tolerance for + 名詞:對某事表現出容忍
  • continued with his lecture:繼續他的講課
  • as if he had not heard anything:彷彿他什麼都沒聽見

教師沒有因噪音中斷課程,顯示他選擇忍受噪音,與 tolerance 的語意完全吻合。

解題方法

先觀察句子的因果關係:

教室有噪音→教師仍繼續授課\text{教室有噪音} \rightarrow \text{教師仍繼續授課}

這種行為代表教師沒有責備、制止或離開,而是接受並忍受噪音。因此空格需要填入表示「容忍」的名詞。

固定搭配為:

show tolerance for something
對某事表現出容忍

故選 (C) tolerance。

選項分析

(A) connection

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第 19 題

The week-long rainfall has ______ landslides and flooding in the mountain areas.

(A) set about
(B) brought about
(C) come about
(D) put about

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「動詞片語的語意與及物用法」。

題幹為:

The week-long rainfall has ______ landslides and flooding in the mountain areas.
連續一週的降雨已在山區造成山崩與淹水。

句中空格後接名詞片語 landslides and flooding,需要填入一個能表示「造成、導致」且可直接接受詞的動詞片語。符合條件的是 bring about。

解題方法

先觀察句型:

  • 主詞:The week-long rainfall
  • 助動詞:has
  • 空格:過去分詞
  • 受詞:landslides and flooding

因為句型是現在完成式:

has+過去分詞\text{has}+\text{過去分詞}

所以四個選項若填入空格,形式上都可變成過去分詞,但必須再根據語意與動詞片語的用法判斷。

降雨通常會「造成」山崩和淹水,因此應選擇具有「導致、造成」意義的 bring about:

rainfall+bring about+damage/problems\text{rainfall}+\text{bring about}+\text{damage/problems}

完成句子為:

The week-long rainfall has brought about landslides and flooding in the mountain areas.

關鍵單字與片語

  • week-long:持續一週的
  • rainfall:降雨、降雨量
  • landslide:山崩、土石崩落
  • flooding:淹水、洪水
  • mountain areas:山區
  • bring about:造成、導致
  • set about:開始著手進行
  • come about:發生、產生
  • put about:散播消息;使某人感到困擾或不安

選項分析

(A) set about

set about 意為「開始著手進行某事」,通常用於:

set about doing something
著手做某事

例如:

She set about cleaning the house.
她開始打掃房子。

本題主詞是降雨,降雨不會「開始著手進行山崩與淹水」,且 set about 不表示「造成」。因此錯誤。

(B) brought about

bring about 意為「造成、導致」,可直接接受詞,常用於描述某個原因帶來某種結果:

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第 20 題

The rise of oil prices made scientists search for new energy resources to ______ oil.

(A) apply
(B) replace
(C) inform
(D) persuade

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查「動詞搭配與語意判斷」。

句型為:

scientists search for new energy resources to ______ oil

介系詞 to 後接原形動詞,表示「去……、用來……」。空格中的動詞必須符合「新的能源資源與石油之間的關係」。

句意是:油價上漲,使科學家尋找新的能源資源來______石油。合理語意應為「取代石油」。

關鍵單字與片語

  • rise:上升、上漲
  • oil prices:石油價格、油價
  • make someone + 原形動詞:使某人……
  • scientist:科學家
  • search for:尋找
  • energy resource:能源資源
  • replace:取代、替代
  • apply:應用、申請
  • inform:告知、通知
  • persuade:說服

題幹定位與翻譯

關鍵句為:

The rise of oil prices made scientists search for new energy resources to ______ oil.

翻譯:

油價上漲,使科學家尋找新的能源資源來______石油。

「新的能源資源」與「石油」是能源替代關係,因此空格應填入 replace,形成:

search for new energy resources to replace oil
尋找新的能源資源來取代石油

解題方法

先判斷文法結構:

  • made scientists search:make + 受詞 + 原形動詞,因此 search 使用原形。
  • to ______ oil:to 為不定詞符號,後面接原形動詞。
  • 四個選項皆可接在 to 後面形成文法形式,但真正關鍵在於語意搭配。

再依語意判斷:

  1. 油價上漲。
  2. 科學家尋找新的能源資源。
  3. 新能源資源的功能,是取代原本使用的石油。

因此答案為 replace。

選項分析

(A) apply

apply 主要表示「應用、採用、申請」。常見搭配包括:

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第 21 題

Kim was completely ______ after jogging in the hot sun all afternoon; she had little energy left.

(A) kicked out
(B) handed out
(C) worn out
(D) put out

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「動詞片語」的語意辨識,重點是根據上下文判斷人物的身體狀態。

題幹中的關鍵線索是:

Kim was completely ______ after jogging in the hot sun all afternoon; she had little energy left.
Kim 整個下午在炎熱的陽光下慢跑後,已經完全__;她幾乎沒有剩下多少體力。

其中 she had little energy left 表示「她幾乎沒有剩餘體力」,因此空格應填入表示「筋疲力竭、精疲力盡」的片語。

解題方法

句型為:

Kim was completely + 過去分詞/形容詞片語

根據語意,Kim 慢跑一整個下午,又是在炎熱陽光下運動,結果「幾乎沒有體力」,可知她的狀態是「累壞了、筋疲力竭」。

worn out 可作形容詞,表示「疲憊不堪的、精疲力竭的」,完全符合題幹語意:

Kim was completely worn out.
Kim 已經筋疲力竭了。

選項分析

(A) kicked out

  • kick out:把某人逐出、撵走。
  • 例如:He was kicked out of the club.
    他被逐出那個社團。
  • 題幹描述的是慢跑後的疲累狀態,沒有「被驅逐」的意思,因此不合語境。

(B) handed out

  • hand out:分發、發給。
  • 例如:The teacher handed out the worksheets.
    老師分發了學習單。
  • 此片語通常需要「被分發的物品」作為受詞,例如 worksheets、papers;
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第 22 題

George at first had difficulty swimming across the pool, but he finally succeeded on his fourth _______.

(A) attempt
(B) process
(C) instance
(D) display

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查「固定搭配」與語境中的名詞辨義。

句型:

succeed on one’s 某次 attempt

表示「在某人的第幾次嘗試中成功」。
其中 attempt 是「嘗試、企圖」,可數名詞,常與序數搭配:

  • on the first attempt:第一次嘗試就……
  • on his third attempt:在他的第三次嘗試中
  • on her fourth attempt:在她的第四次嘗試中

解題方法

先抓句中的關鍵結構:

he finally succeeded on his fourth _______

空格前有所有格 his,後面有序數 fourth,因此空格應填入一個可數名詞,語意必須能表示「嘗試的次數」。

完整句意為:

George 起初很難游過游泳池,但他最後在第四次嘗試時成功了。

能表達「嘗試」且可與 fourth 搭配的名詞是 attempt。

題幹定位與翻譯

關鍵句:

George at first had difficulty swimming across the pool, but he finally succeeded on his fourth attempt.

翻譯:

George 起初很難游過游泳池,但他最後在第四次嘗試時成功了。

其中:

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第 23 題

We are more than willing to _______ our ties with those countries that are friendly to us.

(A) appeal
(B) strengthen
(C) expect
(D) connect

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. 固定搭配:strengthen ties with...
    表示「加強與……的關係/邦誼」。
  2. 語意判斷:依句意選擇能與 ties 搭配,且符合上下文的動詞。
  3. 句型結構:be willing to + 原形動詞,表示「願意做某事」。

題幹中的 ties 是「關係、聯繫、邦交」之意,常與下列動詞搭配:

  • strengthen ties:加強關係
  • maintain ties:維持關係
  • develop ties:發展關係
  • sever ties:斷絕關係

解題方法

題幹:

We are more than willing to _______ our ties with those countries that are friendly to us.

翻譯:

我們非常願意加強與那些對我們友善的國家之間的關係。

先觀察句型:

willing to + 動詞原形

因此空格必須填入一個原形動詞。接著分析 _______ our ties with... 的語意與搭配。

主詞 We 對友善國家的態度是正面的,且 ties 指國家之間的關係。最自然的表達是:

strengthen our ties with those countries

意思是「加強我們與那些國家的關係」。

選項分析

(A) appeal

appeal 可作動詞,表示:

  • 呼籲
  • 吸引
  • 上訴

常見用法包括:

  • appeal to someone:向某人呼籲;對某人有吸引力
  • appeal against a decision:對判決提出上訴

appeal 不能直接接 our ties 表示「加強關係」。
appeal our ties 不符合英文慣用搭配,因此錯誤。

(B) strengthen

strengthen 表示「加強、強化」,可用於關係、合作、力量、信心等。

例如:

  • strengthen diplomatic ties:加強外交關係
  • strengthen cooperation:加強合作
  • strengthen the relationship:強化關係

strengthen our ties with those countries 是自然且標準的搭配,符合句意,因此正確。

(C) expect

expect 表示:

  • 預期
  • 期待
  • 預料

常見句型:

  • expect something:預期某事
  • expect to do something:預期做某事
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第 24 題

This TV program will _______ young viewers' understanding of the changing world.

(A) broaden
(B) soften
(C) tighten
(D) lengthen

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. 動詞字義辨析
  2. 動詞與名詞的語意搭配
  3. 依上下文判斷最合理的字詞

句中關鍵搭配為:

broaden young viewers’ understanding of the changing world

表示「拓展年輕觀眾對變動世界的理解」。

解題方法

先觀察句型:

This TV program will _______ young viewers' understanding...

will 後面接動詞原形,因此四個選項在文法形式上皆可接入。真正的判斷關鍵在於動詞與 understanding 的語意搭配。

understanding 指「理解、了解」,若電視節目能使觀眾對世界的認識更廣、更全面,最自然的動詞是 broaden,形成固定且常見的搭配:

broaden one’s understanding
拓展某人的理解、增進某人的了解

完整句意為:

這個電視節目將拓展年輕觀眾對這個不斷變動世界的理解。

題幹定位與翻譯

題幹原文:

This TV program will _______ young viewers' understanding of the changing world.

翻譯:

這個電視節目將拓展年輕觀眾對這個不斷變動世界的理解。

其中 understanding of the changing world 是判斷答案的核心。節目能提供更多資訊與不同觀點,使理解範圍擴大,因此應選 broaden。

選項分析

(A) broaden 拓展;增進;擴大

broaden 可表示「使範圍變廣、使見識更廣」。常與 understanding、knowledge、experience、horizon 搭配。

例:

  • broaden one’s understanding:拓展某人的理解
  • broaden one’s knowledge:增廣知識
  • broaden one’s horizons:開拓視野

放入題目後:

This TV program will broaden young viewers' understanding of the changing world.

語意自然,表示節目能幫助年輕觀眾更全面地了解世界,因此正確。

(B) soften 使柔和;使緩和;使變柔軟

soften 通常用於:

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第 25 題

The woman is so _______ that she cries every time she hears a sad story.

(A) casual
(B) harsh
(C) intimate
(D) sentimental

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. 字義辨析
  2. 語意與上下文判斷
  3. so … that … 句型

句型 so + 形容詞 + that + 子句 表示「如此……以致於……」。

題幹中的:

The woman is so _______ that she cries every time she hears a sad story.
這名女子如此 ______,以致於她每次聽到悲傷故事時都會哭泣。

關鍵線索是 cries every time she hears a sad story,表示她容易受悲傷情節感動、情緒感受強烈,因此應填入 sentimental。

解題方法

先觀察空格後的結果:

she cries every time she hears a sad story

「每次聽到悲傷故事都會哭」說明這名女子:

  • 情感豐富
  • 容易受感動
  • 容易因感傷事物而流淚

符合上述語意的形容詞是 sentimental。

代入後:

The woman is so sentimental that she cries every time she hears a sad story.

意思是:

這名女子非常感傷,以致於每次聽到悲傷故事時都會哭泣。

句意自然且邏輯完整。

選項分析

(A) casual

casual 意為「隨意的;非正式的;漫不經心的」。

例如:

  • casual clothes:休閒服
  • a casual conversation:閒聊

「隨意」與「每次聽到悲傷故事都哭」沒有直接的語意關聯,因此不適合填入。

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第 26 題

Ladies and gentlemen, it is my _______ to speak to you all on this special occasion.

(A) company
(B) dignity
(C) privilege
(D) eloquence

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「語意判斷」與固定搭配:

It is my privilege to + V
很榮幸能夠……

句型中的 privilege 是名詞,表示「榮幸、特權、特殊待遇」。在正式演講或典禮場合,常用來表達「能向各位致詞是我的榮幸」。

解題方法

定位關鍵語句:

it is my _______ to speak to you all on this special occasion
在這個特別的場合向各位致詞,是我的____。

句意描述的是演講者在重要場合發言時的客套表達,因此空格應填入表示「榮幸」的名詞。

完整句子為:

Ladies and gentlemen, it is my privilege to speak to you all on this special occasion.
各位先生、女士,在這個特別的場合向各位致詞,是我的榮幸。

文法與語意重點

句型結構如下:

  • It:虛主詞
  • is:be 動詞
  • my privilege:主詞補語,表示「我的榮幸」
  • to speak to you all:不定詞片語,說明這份榮幸的具體內容
  • on this special occasion:介系詞片語,表示「在這個特別場合」

此句也可改寫為:

To speak to you all on this special occasion is my privilege.

但正式英文中,常使用虛主詞 it,使句子更自然:

It is my privilege to speak...

選項分析

(A) company

名詞,意為「公司;陪伴;同伴」。例如:

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第 27 題

If all the manufacturers can _______ during this financial crisis, the economy may get better next quarter.

(A) call up
(B) give in
(C) hang on
(D) let in

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. 片語動詞(phrasal verbs)的語意辨識
  2. 情境判斷
  3. 情態助動詞 can 後接原形動詞

句型為:

If + 主詞 + can + 原形動詞 ..., 主詞 + may + 原形動詞 ...

其中 can _______ 的空格必須填入動詞原形。四個選項皆符合形式要求,因此關鍵在於片語意義是否符合「製造商在金融危機中持續撐住」的語境。

解題方法

題幹中的關鍵語意是:

If all the manufacturers can _______ during this financial crisis, the economy may get better next quarter.
如果所有製造商都能在這場金融危機期間___,經濟下一季或許會好轉。

後半句提到:

the economy may get better next quarter
經濟下一季或許會好轉

由此可知,前半句需要表達「製造商撐過危機、維持經營、不倒閉」的意思。

hang on 有「堅持下去、撐住、撐過困難時期」之意,最符合句意。

選項分析

(A) call up

call up 意為:

  • 打電話給某人
  • 召集、徵召
  • 喚起某種記憶

例句:

I will call up my manager.
我要打電話給經理。

manufacturers can call up during this financial crisis 會變成「製造商能在金融危機期間打電話/召集」,與經濟好轉的因果關係不合,因此錯誤。


(B) give in

give in 意為:

  • 屈服
  • 讓步
  • 投降

例句:

The workers refused to give in to the pressure.
工人拒絕屈服於壓力。

若填入句中:

If all the manufacturers can give in during this financial crisis ...

意思是「如果所有製造商都能在危機期間屈服」,這不是經濟好轉的合理條件,語意不成立,因此錯誤。


(C) hang on

hang on 意為:

  • 堅持下去
  • 撐住
  • 在困難情況下繼續維持
  • 稍等一下

本題採用「撐過困難時期」的意思:

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第 28 題

Tim: Someone left a schoolbag on the bus.

Sam: See if _______ a name inside the bag.

(A) it was
(B) this has
(C) there is
(D) they had

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. There is/There are 存在句型
  2. 名詞單複數與 be 動詞一致
  3. 片語 see if 的用法

句型:

  • There is + 單數名詞/不可數名詞
  • There are + 複數名詞

題目中的名詞是 a name,為單數,因此使用 there is。

解題方法

題幹定位答案的關鍵句為:

See if _______ a name inside the bag.
看看袋子裡面是否有名字。

空格後方是:

a name inside the bag

句意是「確認袋子裡是否有一個名字」。英文表達「某處有某物」時,要使用存在句型:

There is a name inside the bag.
袋子裡有一個名字。

放入 if 後:

See if there is a name inside the bag.
看看袋子裡是否有名字。

因此正確答案為 (C) there is。

選項分析

(A) it was

it 是代名詞,通常指前文已明確提到的特定事物;was 是 be 動詞過去式。

See if it was a name inside the bag.

此句將 it 放在「袋子裡有某物」的存在位置,英文語意不自然。題目要表達的是「袋子裡是否存在一個名字」,應使用 there is,不是 it was。

此外,題目描述的是目前查看書包內容,沒有過去時間背景,使用 was 也不符合語境。

(B) this has

this 表示「這個」,通常指稱眼前的特定事物;has 表示「擁有、具有」。

See if this has a name inside the bag.

此句會變成「看看這個東西是否在袋子裡面有一個名字」,主詞 this 的指涉不清,且不符合英文表達「袋子裡有名字」的基本句型。

若要表達「書包裡有某物」,可以說:

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第 29 題

Tony: May I have some more coffee, please?

Anne: I'm sorry, but there doesn't seem to be _______.

(A) left any
(B) any left
(C) leaving any
(D) any leaving

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. There seem(s) to be + 名詞 的存在句型
  2. left 作形容詞,表示「剩下的、未用完的」
  3. any + 名詞/形容詞 的語序與否定句用法

句型:

There doesn’t seem to be any coffee left.
看起來沒有剩下任何咖啡了。

其中:

  • there:引導存在句,不翻譯為「那裡」
  • doesn’t seem to be:似乎沒有、看起來沒有
  • any coffee:任何咖啡;在否定句中使用 any
  • left:剩下的、尚未用完的

解題方法

先判斷句子的基本結構:

there doesn’t seem to be _______

在 there be 存在句中,空格應填入「存在的事物」,此處語意上是「剩下的咖啡」。

完整句為:

There doesn’t seem to be any coffee left.

題目已在前句提到 some more coffee,因此後句省略重複的 coffee,形成:

There doesn’t seem to be any left.

此處 any 代替 any coffee,而 left 放在代名詞之後,表示「剩下的任何咖啡」。

題幹定位答案的關鍵句:

I'm sorry, but there doesn't seem to be _______.

翻譯:

很抱歉,但看起來已經沒有剩下的咖啡了。

因此空格應填 any left。

選項分析

(A) left any

There doesn’t seem to be left any.

left 表示「剩下的」時,通常放在名詞或代名詞之後:

any coffee left
any left

不能在本題的標準語序中放成 left any。此選項語序錯誤。

(B) any left

There doesn’t seem to be any left.

any 代替前文的 any coffee,left 表示「剩下的」,符合文法與語意。

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第 30 題

Mary: Are you ready to go? I can give you a ride.

Betty: Thanks, but I think I’ll wait until the mail _______.

(A) will come
(B) comes
(C) to come
(D) come

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:until 引導的時間副詞子句

本題考「時間副詞子句中的未來表達」。當主要子句談論未來時,when、before、after、until、as soon as 等時間連接詞所引導的子句,通常使用現在簡單式代替未來式。

句型:

主句+until+主詞+現在簡單式\text{主句}+\text{until}+\text{主詞}+\text{現在簡單式}

例如:

  • I will wait until he comes.
    我會等到他來。
  • She will stay here until the rain stops.
    她會待在這裡,直到雨停。

因此,until 後面雖然表達未來時間,動詞仍使用現在簡單式。

解題方法

題幹關鍵句為:

I think I’ll wait until the mail _______.

翻譯為:

我想我會等到郵件來。

until the mail _______ 是由 until 引導的時間副詞子句,表示「直到郵件來為止」。因為時間副詞子句不使用 will 表示未來,所以空格應填現在簡單式。

主詞 the mail 為第三人稱單數,動詞 come 必須加上 -s,成為 comes。

完整句子:

I think I’ll wait until the mail comes.
我想我會等到郵件來。

選項分析

(A) will come

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第 31 題

【題組共用題幹】

Printing is one of the most important means of communication. Without it you would not now be reading this passage. Even the development of radio and television has not diminished the importance of printing.

The first printing was done from wood blocks one letter at a time by hand. This was a slow process, requiring much skill and patience, and every page of every book had to be cut separately.

A great step forward was the use of movable type. The Chinese discovered this in the 11th century, but it was not known in Europe until about 1440. In this method of printing, individual letters were made from separate pieces of metal. If these letters were linked over and pressed on to paper, they would print the words. When the printing was finished, the letters could be taken apart and rearranged to print something else.

One of the first European books to be printed in movable type was Johannes Gutenberg's 42-line Bible. The first book to be printed likewise in English was about the history of Troy. It was printed in Flanders in 1474 by an Englishman, William Caxton. In 1476 he returned to England and established a printing press at Westminster. Altogether he printed nearly 80 books, many being his own translations from the French.

Printing is important because

(A) it is a Chinese invention.
(B) it has made reading books possible.
(C) it has helped to develop radio and television.
(D) William Caxton printed 80 books in English.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查閱讀理解中的「主旨與因果關係」。題目問:

Printing is important because
印刷之所以重要,是因為……

解題重點在於找出文章對「印刷為何重要」的直接說明,而不是選擇文章中出現的細節。

文章開頭即指出:

Printing is one of the most important means of communication.
印刷是最重要的溝通方式之一。

接著進一步說明:

Without it you would not now be reading this passage.
如果沒有印刷,你現在就不會讀到這篇文章。

此句直接說明印刷使書籍、文章能夠大量製作與閱讀,因此正確答案為 (B)。


關鍵單字與片語

  • printing:印刷
  • important:重要的
  • means of communication:溝通方式
  • development:發展
  • diminish:減少;削弱
  • wood block:木版
  • one letter at a time:一次一個字母
  • by hand:用手工
  • movable type:活字印刷
  • individual letter:單一字母
  • separate pieces of metal:分開的金屬片
  • rearrange:重新排列
  • movable type:活字
  • establish a printing press:設立印刷所
  • altogether:總共
  • translation:翻譯作品

文法與語意上,because 用來詢問原因;因此答案必須回答「印刷為何重要」,不能只提供文章中的歷史細節。


解題方法

第一步,先確認題目問的是「重要的原因」:

Printing is important because...

第二步,回到文章第一段尋找因果線索。文章以 Without it... 的句型說明:若沒有印刷,讀者便無法閱讀眼前的文章。

第三步,將文章內容與選項逐一比對:

  • 正確選項應表達印刷使人們能夠閱讀書籍或文章。
  • 只描述印刷的起源、歷史人物或其他媒體的發展,均不是題目所問的主要原因。

選項分析

(A) it is a Chinese invention.
因為它是中國人的發明。

錯誤。文章只說中國人在 11 世紀發現了活字印刷:

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第 32 題

【題組共用題幹】

Printing is one of the most important means of communication. Without it you would not now be reading this passage. Even the development of radio and television has not diminished the importance of printing.

The first printing was done from wood blocks one letter at a time by hand. This was a slow process, requiring much skill and patience, and every page of every book had to be cut separately.

A great step forward was the use of movable type. The Chinese discovered this in the 11th century, but it was not known in Europe until about 1440. In this method of printing, individual letters were made from separate pieces of metal. If these letters were linked over and pressed on to paper, they would print the words. When the printing was finished, the letters could be taken apart and rearranged to print something else.

One of the first European books to be printed in movable type was Johannes Gutenberg's 42-line Bible. The first book to be printed likewise in English was about the history of Troy. It was printed in Flanders in 1474 by an Englishman, William Caxton. In 1476 he returned to England and established a printing press at Westminster. Altogether he printed nearly 80 books, many being his own translations from the French.

The use of movable type was first introduced by

(A) William Caxton.
(B) the Europeans.
(C) Johannes Gutenberg.
(D) The Chinese.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  • 閱讀文章中的細節定位
  • 代名詞與指涉內容判讀
  • 歷史事件的發明者與傳播者區分

題目問:

The use of movable type was first introduced by
活字印刷術最早是由誰引進/發明的?

文章明確指出,活字印刷術最早由中國人發現,後來才傳到歐洲。因此答案是 The Chinese。

解題方法

直接尋找文章中介紹 movable type 起源的句子:

The Chinese discovered this in the 11th century, but it was not known in Europe until about 1440.

翻譯:

中國人在 11 世紀發現了這項技術,但直到約 1440 年,歐洲人才知道這項技術。

前一句提到:

A great step forward was the use of movable type.

翻譯:

活字印刷術的使用是一大進步。

其中 this 指的就是前句的 the use of movable type。因此,活字印刷術最早是由中國人發現並使用,正確答案為 The Chinese。

題幹與文章定位

關鍵原文:

The Chinese discovered this in the 11th century, but it was not known in Europe until about 1440.

關鍵字:

  • The Chinese:中國人
  • discovered:發現
  • in the 11th century:在 11 世紀
  • but:但是,表示轉折
  • was not known in Europe:在歐洲尚未被知悉
  • until about 1440:直到約 1440 年

句意重點是:

  1. 中國人在 11 世紀已發現活字印刷術。
  2. 歐洲約到 1440 年才知道這項技術。
  3. 所以中國人早於歐洲人使用活字印刷術。

選項分析

(A) William Caxton

錯誤。

William Caxton 是英國印刷家。他在 1474 年於法蘭德斯印刷英文書籍,1476 年返回英國並在 Westminster 設立印刷所。文章只說他在英國推廣並使用印刷術,沒有說他最早發明活字印刷術。

(B) the Europeans

錯誤。

文章明確表示:

it was not known in Europe until about 1440

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第 33 題

【題組共用題幹】

Printing is one of the most important means of communication. Without it you would not now be reading this passage. Even the development of radio and television has not diminished the importance of printing.

The first printing was done from wood blocks one letter at a time by hand. This was a slow process, requiring much skill and patience, and every page of every book had to be cut separately.

A great step forward was the use of movable type. The Chinese discovered this in the 11th century, but it was not known in Europe until about 1440. In this method of printing, individual letters were made from separate pieces of metal. If these letters were linked over and pressed on to paper, they would print the words. When the printing was finished, the letters could be taken apart and rearranged to print something else.

One of the first European books to be printed in movable type was Johannes Gutenberg's 42-line Bible. The first book to be printed likewise in English was about the history of Troy. It was printed in Flanders in 1474 by an Englishman, William Caxton. In 1476 he returned to England and established a printing press at Westminster. Altogether he printed nearly 80 books, many being his own translations from the French.

According to the passage, the use of movable type was considered as a “great step forward” because

(A) it did not need a lot of wood.
(B) it required less skill and patience.
(C) the printing letters could be reused.
(D) every page of every book required individual carving.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查閱讀理解中的「因果關係判斷」與代名詞指涉。題目詢問 movable type(活字印刷)為何被稱為「great step forward(重大進步)」;答案必須根據文章明確提供的理由判斷。

文章先說明木板雕刻印刷的缺點:

“every page of every book had to be cut separately.”
每一本書的每一頁都必須分別雕刻。

接著介紹活字印刷的優點:

“When the printing was finished, the letters could be taken apart and rearranged to print something else.”
印刷完成後,這些字母可以拆開並重新排列,以印刷其他內容。

這句直接指出活字可以重複使用,因此活字印刷相較於逐頁雕刻,是重大進步。

解題方法

解題關鍵是尋找 “great step forward” 後方所描述的具體改進。文章先提到:

“A great step forward was the use of movable type.”
一項重大的進步是使用活字印刷。

隨後說明活字印刷的運作方式:每個字母由獨立的金屬字模製成,印刷完成後,字模可以拆下並重新排列,用來印製其他文字。

因此,活字印刷的核心優勢是「字模可拆卸、可重新排列、可重複使用」,答案為選項 (C)。

選項分析

(A) it did not need a lot of wood.
活字印刷不需要大量木材。

錯誤。文章沒有提到活字印刷是否節省木材,也沒有將「木材使用量」列為重大進步的原因。文章比較的是木板必須逐頁雕刻,以及活字可以重新排列使用。

(B) it required less skill and patience.
它需要較少的技巧與耐心。

錯誤。文章只說木板印刷:

“This was a slow process, requiring much skill and patience.”
這是一個緩慢的過程,需要高度技巧與耐心。

但文章沒有明確說明活字印刷需要較少技巧與耐心。活字印刷被視為進步的直接理由,是字母可以拆開並重新排列,而不是所需技巧或耐心的多寡。

(C) the printing letters could be reused.
印刷字母可以重複使用。

正確。文章指出:

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第 34 題

【題組共用題幹】

Printing is one of the most important means of communication. Without it you would not now be reading this passage. Even the development of radio and television has not diminished the importance of printing.

The first printing was done from wood blocks one letter at a time by hand. This was a slow process, requiring much skill and patience, and every page of every book had to be cut separately.

A great step forward was the use of movable type. The Chinese discovered this in the 11th century, but it was not known in Europe until about 1440. In this method of printing, individual letters were made from separate pieces of metal. If these letters were linked over and pressed on to paper, they would print the words. When the printing was finished, the letters could be taken apart and rearranged to print something else.

One of the first European books to be printed in movable type was Johannes Gutenberg's 42-line Bible. The first book to be printed likewise in English was about the history of Troy. It was printed in Flanders in 1474 by an Englishman, William Caxton. In 1476 he returned to England and established a printing press at Westminster. Altogether he printed nearly 80 books, many being his own translations from the French.

The first English book printed in movable type was

(A) done from wood blocks one letter at a time.
(B) done in a printing press at Westminster.
(C) Johannes Gutenberg's 42-line Bible.
(D) about the history of Troy.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查閱讀理解與關鍵資訊定位,重點在於辨認:

  • the first English book printed in movable type:第一本以活字印刷術印製的英文書
  • 文章中不同「第一本書」的對象不可混淆:
  • Gutenberg’s 42-line Bible:歐洲最早以活字印刷的書之一
  • a book about the history of Troy:第一本同樣以活字印刷術印製的英文書

關鍵字詞

  • printing:印刷
  • movable type:活字印刷術
  • individual letters:單個字母
  • separate pieces of metal:分開的金屬字模
  • print:印製、印刷
  • rearranged:重新排列
  • European:歐洲的
  • likewise:同樣地、也
  • the history of Troy:特洛伊的歷史
  • establish a printing press:設立印刷機、建立印刷所

解題方法

先將題目主詞與限定條件拆開:

The first English book printed in movable type was
第一本文字為英文、且以活字印刷術印製的書是……

接著回文章尋找同時符合「English book」與「movable type」的句子。定位到:

The first book to be printed likewise in English was about the history of Troy.

翻譯為:

第一本文字同樣以英文印製的書,是一本關於特洛伊歷史的書。

其中 likewise 承接前句的 printed in movable type,因此完整意思是「第一本同樣以活字印刷術印製的英文書」。所以答案是「about the history of Troy」。

選項分析

(A) done from wood blocks one letter at a time.
錯誤。此項描述的是文章第二段的早期木版印刷法:

The first printing was done from wood blocks one letter at a time by hand.

意思是:

最早的印刷是以木板,逐字母手工完成。

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第 35 題

【題組共用題幹】

One day Nasreddin borrowed a big pot from his neighbor Ali. The next day he returned the pot with a small one inside.

“That’s not mine,” said Ali.

“Yes, it is,” said Nasreddin. “While your pot was staying with me, it had a baby.”

One week later Nasreddin asked Ali to lend him the pot again. Ali gladly agreed and waited to see if Nasreddin would again give him back two pots. One week passed. Then another. In the end, Ali lost patience and went to demand his pot.

“I’m sorry, your pot has died,” said Nasreddin.

“Died!” said Ali. “How can a pot die?”

“Well, you believed me when I told you that your pot had a baby, didn’t you?”

Nasreddin gave Ali an extra small pot in the beginning because ______.

(A) he and Ali were really good friends
(B) he had too many pots at home
(C) he wanted to have more baby pots
(D) he wanted to trick Ali

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題是閱讀理解,重點在於:

  • 依據故事情節判斷人物的真正動機。
  • 分辨字面敘述與反諷、欺騙所造成的語意效果。
  • 掌握因果關係:Nasreddin 先用「鍋子生小鍋子」欺騙 Ali,後來再利用 Ali 相信相同邏輯的心理,聲稱鍋子已經死亡。

題目問的是:Nasreddin 一開始多給 Ali 一個小鍋子的原因。答案必須從後續情節推知,而不能只根據「pot had a baby」的表面內容判斷。

解題方法

先定位關鍵情節:

“While your pot was staying with me, it had a baby.”
「你的鍋子待在我這裡時,生了一個小鍋子。」

Ali 起初認為小鍋子不是自己的,但 Nasreddin 以荒謬的說法說服他接受。到了後面,Nasreddin 又說:

“I’m sorry, your pot has died.”
「很抱歉,你的鍋子死了。」

當 Ali 質疑「鍋子怎麼會死」時,Nasreddin 回答:

“Well, you believed me when I told you that your pot had a baby, didn’t you?”
「可是,我告訴你鍋子生了小鍋子時,你不是相信我了嗎?」

這段對話揭露了 Nasreddin 的策略:他一開始故意用「鍋子會生小鍋子」的謊話欺騙 Ali,使自己可以留下原本的大鍋子;後來再用「鍋子會死亡」的說法逃避歸還。

因此,他多給一個小鍋子並不是出於友誼或需求,而是為了欺騙 Ali。

關鍵單字與片語

  • borrow:借入
  • neighbor:鄰居
  • return:歸還
  • pot:鍋子
  • inside:在裡面
  • while:當……的時候
  • stay with someone:待在某人那裡
  • have a baby:生小孩;本文指鍋子「生出」一個小鍋子
  • lend:借出
  • gladly:欣然地、高興地
  • agree:同意
  • wait to see:等著看看
  • give back:歸還
  • pass:經過
  • lose patience:失去耐性
  • demand:要求
  • die:死亡
  • trick:欺騙、捉弄
  • extra:額外的、多出的
  • in the beginning:一開始

文法與語意重點

  1. while 引導時間副詞子句

While your pot was staying with me

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第 36 題

【題組共用題幹】

One day Nasreddin borrowed a big pot from his neighbor Ali. The next day he returned the pot with a small one inside.

“That’s not mine,” said Ali.

“Yes, it is,” said Nasreddin. “While your pot was staying with me, it had a baby.”

One week later Nasreddin asked Ali to lend him the pot again. Ali gladly agreed and waited to see if Nasreddin would again give him back two pots. One week passed. Then another. In the end, Ali lost patience and went to demand his pot.

“I’m sorry, your pot has died,” said Nasreddin.

“Died!” said Ali. “How can a pot die?”

“Well, you believed me when I told you that your pot had a baby, didn’t you?”

Why did Ali take Nasreddin’s words that his pot had a baby?

(A) He had no reason to doubt it.
(B) He wanted to keep the small pot.
(C) He had seen pots having babies before.
(D) He believed in whatever Nasreddin said.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題是英文閱讀理解,考查:

  • 根據上下文判斷人物的真正動機。
  • 理解故事中的諷刺與反諷(irony)。
  • 分辨字面意思與語境意義。

故事中,Nasreddin 第一次歸還鍋子時,額外放入一個小鍋,謊稱大鍋「生了一個小鍋」。Ali 原本知道鍋子不可能生小孩,卻接受這個說法,因為他可以因此得到額外的小鍋。後來 Nasreddin 反過來利用 Ali 貪小便宜的心理,謊稱鍋子已經死亡。

解題方法

題目問:

Why did Ali take Nasreddin’s words that his pot had a baby?
Ali 為什麼接受 Nasreddin 所說「他的鍋子生了一個小孩」這句話?

應從 Ali 的行為與利益判斷他的動機,而不是只看他表面上是否相信鍋子真的會生小孩。

關鍵情節是:

“The next day he returned the pot with a small one inside.”
隔天,他歸還那個鍋子,裡面還放著一個小鍋。

Ali 一開始說:

“That’s not mine,” said Ali.
「那不是我的。」Ali 說。

但 Nasreddin 解釋鍋子「生了小孩」後,Ali 接受了這個說法。原因是若相信這個說法,他就能留下額外的小鍋。

第二次借鍋時,文章又說:

Ali gladly agreed and waited to see if Nasreddin would again give him back two pots.
Ali 很高興地答應,並等待看看 Nasreddin 是否會再次還給他兩個鍋子。

這句直接顯示 Ali 是因為想獲得額外的鍋子,才接受第一次的說法。因此答案是 (B)。

定位答案的關鍵句

“Well, you believed me when I told you that your pot had a baby, didn’t you?”
「你當初相信我說你的鍋子生了一個小孩,不是嗎?」

這句是 Nasreddin 的反問,指出 Ali 既然願意相信鍋子會生小孩,也就不能否認鍋子會死亡。故事的笑點在於:Ali 只在說法對自己有利時才相信。

選項分析

(A) He had no reason to doubt it.
他沒有理由懷疑這件事。

錯誤。正常情況下,鍋子不可能生小孩,Ali 當然有充分理由懷疑。Ali 接受這個說法不是因為它合理,而是因為相信後可以得到一個額外的小鍋。

(B) He wanted to keep the small pot.
他想留下那個小鍋。

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第 37 題

【題組共用題幹】

One day Nasreddin borrowed a big pot from his neighbor Ali. The next day he returned the pot with a small one inside.

“That’s not mine,” said Ali.

“Yes, it is,” said Nasreddin. “While your pot was staying with me, it had a baby.”

One week later Nasreddin asked Ali to lend him the pot again. Ali gladly agreed and waited to see if Nasreddin would again give him back two pots. One week passed. Then another. In the end, Ali lost patience and went to demand his pot.

“I’m sorry, your pot has died,” said Nasreddin.

“Died!” said Ali. “How can a pot die?”

“Well, you believed me when I told you that your pot had a baby, didn’t you?”

It can be inferred that Ali had ______ at the end of the story.

(A) neither of the pots
(B) the big pot
(C) the small pot
(D) both pots

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考閱讀理解中的「情節推論」與代名詞、所有權判斷。關鍵在於掌握:

  1. Ali 原本擁有一個大鍋。
  2. Nasreddin 第一次歸還時,將一個小鍋放進大鍋,謊稱大鍋生了小鍋。
  3. 第二次借鍋後,Nasreddin 又謊稱大鍋已經死亡。
  4. 故事結尾並未指出 Nasreddin 歸還任何一個鍋,因此 Ali 最後兩個鍋都沒有。

關鍵單字與片語

  • borrow:借入
  • neighbor:鄰居
  • return:歸還
  • pot:鍋子
  • lend:借出
  • gladly:欣然地、高興地
  • agree:同意
  • wait to see:等著看
  • give back:歸還
  • pass:經過
  • lose patience:失去耐心
  • demand:要求取回
  • die:死亡
  • believe:相信
  • have a baby:生小孩;本文指「生出一個小鍋」
  • stay with someone:留在某人那裡

文法與語意重點

文中的兩個過去式句子是解題核心:

  • “While your pot was staying with me, it had a baby.”

「你的鍋待在我這裡時,它生了一個小孩。」

此處的 it 指 Ali 的大鍋,had a baby 是 Nasreddin 為小鍋編造的說法。

  • “I’m sorry, your pot has died.”

「很抱歉,你的鍋已經死了。」

此處的 your pot 仍指 Ali 的大鍋。Nasreddin 利用自己先前聲稱「鍋子會生小鍋」的荒謬說法,反過來欺騙 Ali,聲稱鍋子也會死亡。

題目問的是:

It can be inferred that Ali had ______ at the end of the story.
可推知故事結尾時,Ali 擁有 ______。

關鍵字 at the end of the story 表示要判斷最後的結果,而不是第一次借還鍋時的暫時狀態。

解題方法

先整理鍋子的實際流向:

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第 38 題

【題組共用題幹】

In the early part of the twentieth century, racism was widespread in the United States. Many African Americans were not given equal opportunities in education or employment. Marian Anderson (1897–1993) was an African American woman who gained fame as a concert singer in this climate of racism. She was born in Philadelphia and sang in church choirs during her childhood. When she applied for admission to a local music school in 1917, she was turned down because she was black. Unable to attend music school, she began her career as a singer for church gatherings. In 1929, she went to Europe to study voice and spent several years performing there. Her voice was widely praised throughout Europe. Then she returned to the U.S. in 1935 and became a top concert singer after performing at Town Hall in New York City.

Racism again affected Anderson in 1939. When it was arranged for her to sing at Constitution Hall in Washington, D.C., the Daughters of the American Revolution opposed it because of her color. She sang instead at the Lincoln Memorial for over 75,000 people. In 1955, Anderson became the first black soloist to sing with the Metropolitan Opera of New York City. The famous conductor Toscanini praised her voice as “heard only once in a hundred years.” She was a U.S. delegate to the United Nations in 1958 and won the UN peace prize in 1977.

Anderson eventually triumphed over racism.

According to this passage, what did Marian Anderson do between 1917 and 1929?

(A) She studied at a music school.
(B) She sang for religious activities.
(C) She sang at Town Hall in New York.
(D) She studied voice in Europe.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:閱讀測驗中的時間定位與細節理解

本題考查兩項能力:

  1. 根據時間範圍,在文章中定位相關資訊。
  2. 分辨人物在不同時期所做的事情,避免將其他時間的事件誤選為答案。

題目問:

What did Marian Anderson do between 1917 and 1929?
Marian Anderson 在 1917 年到 1929 年之間做了什麼?

關鍵在於鎖定文章第一段中與 1917 和 1929 相關的敘述。

定位答案的原文與翻譯

原文:

When she applied for admission to a local music school in 1917, she was turned down because she was black.

翻譯:

1917 年,當她申請進入當地音樂學校時,因為是黑人而遭到拒絕。

接著文章說:

Unable to attend music school, she began her career as a singer for church gatherings.

翻譯:

由於無法就讀音樂學校,她開始以在教會聚會中歌唱作為自己的歌唱生涯。

最後:

In 1929, she went to Europe to study voice and spent several years performing there.

翻譯:

1929 年,她前往歐洲學習聲樂,並在當地演出數年。

因此,1917 年被音樂學校拒絕後,到 1929 年前往歐洲學習聲樂之前,她主要在教會聚會中演唱。

關鍵單字與片語

  • racism:種族主義、種族歧視
  • widespread:普遍的、廣泛流行的
  • equal opportunities:平等機會
  • gain fame:獲得名聲
  • concert singer:音樂會歌手
  • apply for admission to:申請進入……
  • be turned down:被拒絕
  • because of:因為……
  • be unable to:無法……
  • attend school:就讀學校
  • begin one’s career as:開始以……身分展開職業生涯
  • church gathering:教會聚會
  • study voice:學習聲樂
  • perform:演出、表演

文法與語意重點

  1. When 引導時間副詞子句

When she applied for admission to a local music school in 1917, ...

When + 過去式 表示「當……時」。此句描述 Anderson 在 1917 年申請音樂學校時遭拒的背景。

  1. 被動語態

she was turned down

be turned down 是被動片語,意思是「被拒絕」。主詞 she 是接受拒絕的人。

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第 39 題

【題組共用題幹】

In the early part of the twentieth century, racism was widespread in the United States. Many African Americans were not given equal opportunities in education or employment. Marian Anderson (1897–1993) was an African American woman who gained fame as a concert singer in this climate of racism. She was born in Philadelphia and sang in church choirs during her childhood. When she applied for admission to a local music school in 1917, she was turned down because she was black. Unable to attend music school, she began her career as a singer for church gatherings. In 1929, she went to Europe to study voice and spent several years performing there. Her voice was widely praised throughout Europe. Then she returned to the U.S. in 1935 and became a top concert singer after performing at Town Hall in New York City.

Racism again affected Anderson in 1939. When it was arranged for her to sing at Constitution Hall in Washington, D.C., the Daughters of the American Revolution opposed it because of her color. She sang instead at the Lincoln Memorial for over 75,000 people. In 1955, Anderson became the first black soloist to sing with the Metropolitan Opera of New York City. The famous conductor Toscanini praised her voice as “heard only once in a hundred years.” She was a U.S. delegate to the United Nations in 1958 and won the UN peace prize in 1977.

Anderson eventually triumphed over racism.

Toscanini thought that Marian Anderson __________.

(A) had a very rare voice.
(B) sang occasionally in public.
(C) sang only once in many years.
(D) was seldom heard by people.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題是閱讀理解題,考查:

  • 根據文章明確資訊定位答案
  • 引文的語意理解
  • 數量與頻率相關表達的判讀
  • 選項與原文語意是否相符

關鍵引文為:

“heard only once in a hundred years.”

意思是「一百年才聽得到一次」,用來形容 Marian Anderson 的歌聲極其罕見、珍貴,並非表示她只唱過一次,或很少在公開場合演唱。


解題方法

題目問:

Toscanini thought that Marian Anderson __________.

意思是:

Toscanini 認為 Marian Anderson ______。

直接回到文章第二段尋找 Toscanini 的看法:

The famous conductor Toscanini praised her voice as “heard only once in a hundred years.”

翻譯:

著名指揮家 Toscanini 稱讚她的歌聲「一百年才聽得到一次」。

「一百年才聽得到一次」是誇張地表示她的聲音非常稀有、難得,因此答案為:

had a very rare voice


語意與文法重點

  1. thought that + 子句

題幹中的:

Toscanini thought that Marian Anderson __________.

是「Toscanini 認為 Marian Anderson……」的句型。空格後需要填入描述 Marian Anderson 或其歌聲的完整語意。

  1. rare

rare 是形容詞,意思是「罕見的、稀有的、難得的」。

a very rare voice
非常罕見的嗓音

  1. heard only once in a hundred years
  • heard:被聽見
  • only once:只有一次
  • in a hundred years:在一百年之中

整句不是表示她真的每一百年才唱一次,而是比喻她的歌聲極為罕見。

  1. once

once 可表示「一次」,也可出現在頻率表達中。但本句的重點是「一百年中僅有一次如此出色的聲音」,不是「她只演唱一次」。


關鍵單字與片語

  • racism:種族歧視
  • widespread:普遍的、廣泛存在的
  • equal opportunities:平等的機會
  • concert singer:音樂會歌手
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第 40 題

【題組共用題幹】

In the early part of the twentieth century, racism was widespread in the United States. Many African Americans were not given equal opportunities in education or employment. Marian Anderson (1897–1993) was an African American woman who gained fame as a concert singer in this climate of racism. She was born in Philadelphia and sang in church choirs during her childhood. When she applied for admission to a local music school in 1917, she was turned down because she was black. Unable to attend music school, she began her career as a singer for church gatherings. In 1929, she went to Europe to study voice and spent several years performing there. Her voice was widely praised throughout Europe. Then she returned to the U.S. in 1935 and became a top concert singer after performing at Town Hall in New York City.

Racism again affected Anderson in 1939. When it was arranged for her to sing at Constitution Hall in Washington, D.C., the Daughters of the American Revolution opposed it because of her color. She sang instead at the Lincoln Memorial for over 75,000 people. In 1955, Anderson became the first black soloist to sing with the Metropolitan Opera of New York City. The famous conductor Toscanini praised her voice as “heard only once in a hundred years.” She was a U.S. delegate to the United Nations in 1958 and won the UN peace prize in 1977.

Anderson eventually triumphed over racism.

Anderson’s beautiful voice was first recognized __________.

(A) at the Lincoln Memorial.
(B) in Washington, D.C.
(C) in Europe.
(D) at the United Nations.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查英文閱讀理解中的「細節定位」與「事件先後順序」。題目詢問 Marian Anderson 的美妙歌聲最早在哪裡受到肯定,必須依照文章敘述的時間順序,找出她首次獲得廣泛讚賞的地點。

關鍵訊息是:

  • 她童年時在教堂合唱團歌唱。
  • 1917 年申請音樂學校遭拒。
  • 1929 年前往歐洲學習聲樂,並在當地演出數年。
  • 她的歌聲在歐洲受到廣泛讚賞。
  • 1935 年回到美國後,才在紐約 Town Hall 演出後成為頂尖音樂會歌手。
  • 1939 年在 Lincoln Memorial 演唱。
  • 1958 年擔任美國派駐聯合國代表。

因此,最早明確提到她的歌聲受到肯定,是在歐洲。

解題方法

先找出題目中的關鍵語句:

Her voice was widely praised throughout Europe.
她的歌聲在整個歐洲都受到廣泛讚賞。

這句直接對應題目所問的「beautiful voice was first recognized」,也就是「美妙歌聲最早受到認可」。

再依時間順序判斷:

  1. 1929 年,她前往歐洲學習聲樂並在當地演出。
  2. 她的歌聲在歐洲受到廣泛讚賞。
  3. 1935 年回到美國後,在紐約 Town Hall 演出並成為頂尖歌手。
  4. 1939 年才在 Washington, D.C. 的 Lincoln Memorial 演唱。
  5. 1958 年才擔任聯合國代表。

所以,歐洲是最早明確肯定她歌聲的地點。

關鍵單字與片語

  • racism:種族歧視
  • widespread:普遍的、廣泛的
  • equal opportunities:平等機會
  • concert singer:音樂會歌手
  • sing in church choirs:在教堂合唱團中歌唱
  • apply for admission to:申請進入
  • be turned down:被拒絕
  • because of her color:因為她的膚色
  • career:職業生涯
  • church gatherings:教會聚會
  • study voice:學習聲樂
  • perform:表演、演出
  • widely praised:受到廣泛讚賞
  • throughout Europe:遍及歐洲
  • top concert singer:頂尖音樂會歌手
  • be arranged for someone to sing:安排某人演唱
  • oppose:反對
  • instead:反而、改在別處
  • soloist:獨唱者、獨奏者
  • delegate:代表
  • triumph over:戰勝、克服

文法與語意重點

1. 被動語態

Her voice was widely praised throughout Europe.

句中的 was praised 是過去式被動語態:

主詞+be 動詞+過去分詞\text{主詞} + \text{be 動詞} + \text{過去分詞}
  • Her voice:她的歌聲
  • was praised:受到讚賞
  • widely:廣泛地
  • throughout Europe:遍及歐洲

這裡的重點不是誰讚賞她,而是「她的歌聲受到廣泛肯定」這個事實。

2. first recognized 的語意

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第 41 題

【題組共用題幹】

In the early part of the twentieth century, racism was widespread in the United States. Many African Americans were not given equal opportunities in education or employment. Marian Anderson (1897–1993) was an African American woman who gained fame as a concert singer in this climate of racism. She was born in Philadelphia and sang in church choirs during her childhood. When she applied for admission to a local music school in 1917, she was turned down because she was black. Unable to attend music school, she began her career as a singer for church gatherings. In 1929, she went to Europe to study voice and spent several years performing there. Her voice was widely praised throughout Europe. Then she returned to the U.S. in 1935 and became a top concert singer after performing at Town Hall in New York City.

Racism again affected Anderson in 1939. When it was arranged for her to sing at Constitution Hall in Washington, D.C., the Daughters of the American Revolution opposed it because of her color. She sang instead at the Lincoln Memorial for over 75,000 people. In 1955, Anderson became the first black soloist to sing with the Metropolitan Opera of New York City. The famous conductor Toscanini praised her voice as “heard only once in a hundred years.” She was a U.S. delegate to the United Nations in 1958 and won the UN peace prize in 1977.

Anderson eventually triumphed over racism.

This passage shows that Anderson finally defeated racism in the U.S. by __________.

(A) protesting to the government
(B) appealing to the United Nations
(C) demonstrating in the streets
(D) working hard to perfect her art

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題為閱讀理解題,考查:

  • 根據文章細節判斷主旨與因果關係
  • 辨認人物如何克服困境
  • 由具體事實推論抽象結論

文章描述 Marian Anderson 因種族歧視遭遇阻礙,但她持續學習聲樂、登台演出,並以卓越歌唱成就獲得社會與國際肯定。因此,她是透過努力精進藝術實力來突破種族歧視。

解題方法

題幹最後一句為:

Anderson finally defeated racism in the U.S. by .
Anderson 最後是藉由
,擊敗了美國的種族歧視。

解題關鍵在於回溯文章中 Anderson 面對歧視後採取的主要行動:

  1. 1917 年因為是黑人而遭音樂學校拒絕。
  2. 她沒有因此放棄歌唱,開始在教會聚會中演唱。
  3. 1929 年前往歐洲學習聲樂,並在歐洲演出多年。
  4. 她的歌聲受到廣泛讚賞。
  5. 回到美國後,在紐約市 Town Hall 演出,成為頂尖音樂會歌手。
  6. 1939 年雖無法在 Constitution Hall 演唱,仍在林肯紀念堂為超過七萬五千人演出。
  7. 1955 年成為第一位在紐約大都會歌劇院演唱的黑人獨唱家。

這些內容共同顯示:她以持續努力、接受訓練與精進歌唱藝術的方式,建立卓越成就,進而突破種族限制。故答案是 working hard to perfect her art。

定位答案的原文

Unable to attend music school, she began her career as a singer for church gatherings. In 1929, she went to Europe to study voice and spent several years performing there. Her voice was widely praised throughout Europe.

翻譯:

她無法進入音樂學校,因此開始在教會聚會中擔任歌手。1929 年,她前往歐洲學習聲樂,並在那裡演出數年。她的歌聲受到全歐洲廣泛讚賞。

這段直接說明 Anderson 沒有因被拒絕而放棄,而是透過學習聲樂與持續演出提升能力。

另一句重要證據是:

Anderson eventually triumphed over racism.

翻譯:

Anderson 最終戰勝了種族歧視。

前文所列的學習、演出及獲得肯定,正是她「戰勝種族歧視」的具體方式。

選項分析

(A) protesting to the government
向政府抗議

錯誤。文章沒有提到 Anderson 向政府提出抗議,也沒有描述她透過政治抗爭解決問題。她主要是藉由歌唱成就改變社會對黑人的看法。

(B) appealing to the United Nations
向聯合國申訴

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第 42 題

【題組共用題幹】

Most American kids love Halloween treats, but a bucket of Halloween candy can be a dentist’s nightmare. Some parents try to get rid of half of the candy after their children go to bed, but dentists say parents also need to separate the good kinds of treats from the bad.

It is not exactly what a child eats that truly matters, but how much time it stays in his mouth. According to pediatric dentist Dr. Kaneta Lott, the most damaging stuff is something that is sticky or very hard and thus stays in the mouth for a long time. This is because we all have bacteria in our mouths. When we eat, the bacteria take our food as their food and produce an acid that destroys the surface of the teeth, causing cavities to form. The longer the food stays in the mouth, the more likely cavities will develop. Therefore, potato chips are worse than candy because they get stuck between teeth. For the same reason, raisins and crackers are not the best choice. Hard candies take a long time to consume and are also a bad choice for Halloween treats.

If children really love candy, dentists recommend that they eat chocolate instead. Unlike hard candies, chocolate dissolves quickly in the mouth. Besides, chocolate contains tannins, which help to kill some of the bacteria in the mouth. But no matter what a child eats, brushing after each meal is still the best way to fight cavities.

What is the main purpose of this passage?

(A) To discuss how cavities can be treated.
(B) To point out the problems with Halloween celebrations.
(C) To tell parents what sweets are less damaging to their children’s teeth.
(D) To teach parents the meaning of Halloween candies for their children.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查閱讀理解中的「主旨判斷」。解題重點是判斷文章主要想傳達的訊息,而非只抓住其中一個細節。

本文圍繞兩個重點:

  1. 糖果停留在口腔中的時間越久,越容易造成蛀牙。
  2. 家長應替孩子選擇對牙齒傷害較小的甜食,尤其是溶解較快的巧克力。

文章的因果機轉為:口腔細菌以食物為養分,產生酸性物質,破壞牙齒表面,使蛀牙形成。食物在口腔停留越久,蛀牙形成的機率越高。

解題方法

先找文章反覆出現的核心概念,再判斷主旨範圍。

本文不是單純介紹萬聖節,也不是說明蛀牙治療方式,而是比較不同甜食對牙齒的影響,並提出給家長的選擇建議。

定位答案的關鍵句是:

“If children really love candy, dentists recommend that they eat chocolate instead.”

意思是:「如果孩子真的喜歡糖果,牙醫建議他們改吃巧克力。」

這句直接表達文章的實用建議:在孩子想吃甜食的情況下,選擇對牙齒傷害較小的種類。

另一句重要依據是:

“Therefore, potato chips are worse than candy because they get stuck between teeth.”

意思是:「因此,洋芋片比糖果更糟,因為洋芋片會卡在牙齒之間。」

文章接著指出 raisins、crackers、hard candies 也不是理想選擇,最後說明 chocolate dissolves quickly in the mouth,且含有可幫助殺死部分細菌的 tannins。因此,全文主旨是告訴家長哪些甜食對孩子的牙齒較不具傷害性。

選項分析

(A) To discuss how cavities can be treated.

意思是:「討論蛀牙如何治療。」

錯誤。文章主要說明蛀牙形成的原因,以及如何選擇較不傷牙的甜食,並未介紹補牙、根管治療、拔牙等治療方式。文章最後提到刷牙,是預防蛀牙的方法,不是治療蛀牙的方法。

(B) To point out the problems with Halloween celebrations.

意思是:「指出萬聖節慶祝活動的問題。」

錯誤。文章雖然以 Halloween candy 為背景,但並未批評萬聖節活動本身,也沒有討論服裝、遊行、惡作劇或節慶文化。萬聖節只是引出「孩子吃糖果可能傷害牙齒」的情境。

(C) To tell parents what sweets are less damaging to their children’s teeth.

意思是:「告訴家長哪些甜食對孩子的牙齒傷害較小。」

正確。文章比較不同食物在口腔中的停留時間與黏附情況,說明 potato chips、raisins、crackers 和 hard candies 較不理想,並明確建議以較快溶解的 chocolate 取代硬糖。這與全文主旨完全一致。

(D) To teach parents the meaning of Halloween candies for their children.

意思是:「教導家長萬聖節糖果對孩子的意義。」

錯誤。文章沒有討論糖果的象徵意義、文化意義或對孩子心理層面的意義,重點是糖果對牙齒健康的影響。

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第 43 題

【題組共用題幹】

Most American kids love Halloween treats, but a bucket of Halloween candy can be a dentist’s nightmare. Some parents try to get rid of half of the candy after their children go to bed, but dentists say parents also need to separate the good kinds of treats from the bad.

It is not exactly what a child eats that truly matters, but how much time it stays in his mouth. According to pediatric dentist Dr. Kaneta Lott, the most damaging stuff is something that is sticky or very hard and thus stays in the mouth for a long time. This is because we all have bacteria in our mouths. When we eat, the bacteria take our food as their food and produce an acid that destroys the surface of the teeth, causing cavities to form. The longer the food stays in the mouth, the more likely cavities will develop. Therefore, potato chips are worse than candy because they get stuck between teeth. For the same reason, raisins and crackers are not the best choice. Hard candies take a long time to consume and are also a bad choice for Halloween treats.

If children really love candy, dentists recommend that they eat chocolate instead. Unlike hard candies, chocolate dissolves quickly in the mouth. Besides, chocolate contains tannins, which help to kill some of the bacteria in the mouth. But no matter what a child eats, brushing after each meal is still the best way to fight cavities.

Why are hard candies especially bad for teeth?

(A) They may break the child’s teeth.
(B) They contain too much sugar.
(C) They help bacteria to produce tannins.
(D) They stay in the mouth for a long time.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考閱讀理解中的「原因定位」與文章語意判讀。

文章指出,蛀牙的形成不只取決於吃了什麼,更重要的是食物在口腔中停留多久。口腔細菌會利用食物並產生酸,破壞牙齒表面;食物停留越久,越容易形成蛀牙。

硬糖需要較長時間才能吃完,因此會長時間留在口腔中,增加牙齒受到酸性物質侵蝕的機會。

解題方法

先鎖定題目中的關鍵字 hard candies,回到文章尋找對硬糖的直接描述:

Hard candies take a long time to consume and are also a bad choice for Halloween treats.
硬糖需要很長時間才能吃完,因此也是不適合作為萬聖節零食的選擇。

文章前文已說明:

The longer the food stays in the mouth, the more likely cavities will develop.
食物留在口腔中的時間越長,就越容易形成蛀牙。

將兩句結合即可得知:硬糖特別傷牙的原因,是它在口腔中停留時間很長。

選項分析

(A) They may break the child’s teeth.
它們可能會弄斷孩子的牙齒。

錯誤。文章提到硬糖「很久才能吃完」,並未表示硬糖會因硬度而直接造成牙齒斷裂。「very hard」在文中著重的是食物會停留較久,而不是會敲斷牙齒。

(B) They contain too much sugar.
它們含有過多糖分。

錯誤。文章沒有將硬糖的主要問題歸因於糖分過多,而是強調食物在口腔中的停留時間。題幹明確指出,即使是其他食物,只要停留時間長,也會提高蛀牙風險。

(C) They help bacteria to produce tannins.
它們幫助細菌製造單寧。

錯誤。文章表示細菌會利用食物並產生酸;單寧則是巧克力所含的成分,具有幫助殺死部分口腔細菌的作用。硬糖並非幫助細菌產生單寧,敘述顛倒了文章內容。

(D) They stay in the mouth for a long time.
它們會長時間留在口腔中。

正確。硬糖需要很長時間才能吃完,因此在口腔中停留較久;停留時間越長,細菌產酸破壞牙齒的機會越高。

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第 44 題

【題組共用題幹】

Most American kids love Halloween treats, but a bucket of Halloween candy can be a dentist’s nightmare. Some parents try to get rid of half of the candy after their children go to bed, but dentists say parents also need to separate the good kinds of treats from the bad.

It is not exactly what a child eats that truly matters, but how much time it stays in his mouth. According to pediatric dentist Dr. Kaneta Lott, the most damaging stuff is something that is sticky or very hard and thus stays in the mouth for a long time. This is because we all have bacteria in our mouths. When we eat, the bacteria take our food as their food and produce an acid that destroys the surface of the teeth, causing cavities to form. The longer the food stays in the mouth, the more likely cavities will develop. Therefore, potato chips are worse than candy because they get stuck between teeth. For the same reason, raisins and crackers are not the best choice. Hard candies take a long time to consume and are also a bad choice for Halloween treats.

If children really love candy, dentists recommend that they eat chocolate instead. Unlike hard candies, chocolate dissolves quickly in the mouth. Besides, chocolate contains tannins, which help to kill some of the bacteria in the mouth. But no matter what a child eats, brushing after each meal is still the best way to fight cavities.

According to the passage, which of the following is a better choice for Halloween treats?

(A) Chocolate.
(B) Crackers.
(C) Raisins.
(D) Potato chips.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題為閱讀理解題,考查:

  1. 能否掌握文章主旨與細節。
  2. 能否根據關鍵句判斷不同食物對蛀牙的影響。
  3. 重要語意:食物在口腔中停留越久,越容易造成蛀牙;黏性強、質地很硬或容易卡在牙縫的食物較不理想。

文章指出,細菌會利用食物並產生酸,酸會破壞牙齒表面,形成蛀牙。食物停留在口腔中的時間越長,蛀牙越容易發生。

解題方法

先找出題目問的核心:哪一項是「較好的 Halloween treats」。文章第三段直接提出建議:

“If children really love candy, dentists recommend that they eat chocolate instead.”
如果孩子真的喜歡糖果,牙醫建議他們改吃巧克力。

接著文章說明原因:

“Unlike hard candies, chocolate dissolves quickly in the mouth.”
不同於硬糖,巧克力會在口腔中迅速溶解。

因此,巧克力在口腔中停留時間較短,且含有可幫助殺死部分口腔細菌的 tannins,故為四個選項中較好的選擇。

定位答案的關鍵句

“If children really love candy, dentists recommend that they eat chocolate instead.”

句中:

  • If 引導條件副詞子句,意為「如果」。
  • recommend that + 主詞 + 原形動詞 表示「建議某人做某事」。
  • instead 表示「改而、取代原先選擇」。

完整翻譯為:「如果孩子真的喜歡糖果,牙醫建議他們改吃巧克力。」

選項分析

(A) Chocolate.(巧克力)

正確。文章明確表示牙醫建議以巧克力取代糖果,因為巧克力能迅速在口腔中溶解,停留時間較短;此外,其中的 tannins 有助於殺死部分口腔細菌。

(B) Crackers.(餅乾)

錯誤。文章指出:

“For the same reason, raisins and crackers are not the best choice.”

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第 45 題

【題組共用題幹】

Most American kids love Halloween treats, but a bucket of Halloween candy can be a dentist’s nightmare. Some parents try to get rid of half of the candy after their children go to bed, but dentists say parents also need to separate the good kinds of treats from the bad.

It is not exactly what a child eats that truly matters, but how much time it stays in his mouth. According to pediatric dentist Dr. Kaneta Lott, the most damaging stuff is something that is sticky or very hard and thus stays in the mouth for a long time. This is because we all have bacteria in our mouths. When we eat, the bacteria take our food as their food and produce an acid that destroys the surface of the teeth, causing cavities to form. The longer the food stays in the mouth, the more likely cavities will develop. Therefore, potato chips are worse than candy because they get stuck between teeth. For the same reason, raisins and crackers are not the best choice. Hard candies take a long time to consume and are also a bad choice for Halloween treats.

If children really love candy, dentists recommend that they eat chocolate instead. Unlike hard candies, chocolate dissolves quickly in the mouth. Besides, chocolate contains tannins, which help to kill some of the bacteria in the mouth. But no matter what a child eats, brushing after each meal is still the best way to fight cavities.

According to the passage, which of the following is true of tannins?

(A) They are produced when the bacteria digest the food.
(B) They help to get rid of some bacteria in the mouth.
(C) They help chocolate to dissolve more quickly.
(D) They destroy the surface of the teeth.

登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查閱讀理解中的「指涉關係」與「細節判讀」。解題重點是確認 tannins(單寧) 在文章中扮演的作用,而不是根據常識推測。

文章指出,巧克力含有單寧,單寧能夠幫助消滅口腔中的部分細菌。因此,正確答案是「單寧有助於去除口腔中的部分細菌」。

定位原文與翻譯

關鍵句為:

Besides, chocolate contains tannins, which help to kill some of the bacteria in the mouth.

翻譯:

此外,巧克力含有單寧,而單寧有助於殺死口腔中的部分細菌。

其中,關係代名詞 which 指的是前面的 tannins,後面的 help to kill some of the bacteria in the mouth 說明單寧的功能。

語意與文法重點

  • contain:含有
  • chocolate contains tannins:巧克力含有單寧
  • tannins:單寧,植物中的一類化合物
  • help to + 原形動詞:有助於……
  • help to kill:有助於殺死
  • some of the bacteria:部分細菌
  • which help to kill...:非限定關係子句,補充說明單寧的作用

文章的因果機制是:

  1. 口腔中的細菌會利用食物。
  2. 細菌會產生酸。
  3. 酸會破壞牙齒表面,造成蛀牙。
  4. 巧克力中的單寧能殺死部分細菌,因此有助於降低細菌造成的傷害。

選項分析

(A) They are produced when the bacteria digest the food.
錯誤。文章說細菌利用食物後會產生的是 an acid(酸),不是 tannins(單寧)。

原文為:

the bacteria take our food as their food and produce an acid

意思是「細菌把我們吃的食物當作自己的食物,並產生酸」。

(B) They help to get rid of some bacteria in the mouth.
正確。文章明確指出,單寧能夠幫助殺死口腔中的部分細菌。

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第 46 題

【題組共用題幹】

Every object tells a story. Even the most ordinary objects can present to us powerful images. Sometimes it is the ordinary nature of these objects that actually makes them so extraordinary. Such is the case with an old leather shoe in a museum in Alaska. At first glance it does not look like much. It is a woman’s shoe of a style popular in the 1890s. But what is unique about this shoe is where it was found. It was discovered on the Chilkoot Pass, the famous trail used by the people seeking gold in Alaska. Who it belonged to or why it was left there is not known. Was it perhaps dropped by accident as the woman climbed up the 1,500 stairs carved out of ice? Or did she throw away goods that she didn’t need in order to travel lighter?

Over 100,000 people with “gold fever” made this trip hoping to become millionaires. Few of them understood that on their way they would have to cross a harsh wilderness. Unprepared for such a dangerous journey, many died of starvation and exposure to the cold weather. The Canadian government finally started requiring the gold seekers to bring one ton of supplies with them. This was thought to be enough for a person to survive for one year. They would carry their supplies in backpacks each weighing up to fifty pounds; it usually took at least 40 trips to get everything to the top and over the pass. Whoever dropped the shoe must have been a brave and determined woman. Perhaps she was successful and made it to Alaska. Perhaps she had to turn back in defeat. No one will ever know for sure, but what we do know is that she took part in one of the greatest adventures in the 19th century.

The ordinary woman’s leather shoe is considered unusual because _______.

(A) it was an important clue to life in the past
(B) it was found near a famous trail
(C) it at one time belonged to a VIP
(D) it was a fashionable shoe at that time.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查閱讀理解中的「主旨定位」與「因果關係判斷」。解題重點是找出文章明確說明「這雙普通女鞋為何不尋常」的句子,再比對選項內容。

文章先指出鞋子本身很普通:

“At first glance it does not look like much. It is a woman’s shoe of a style popular in the 1890s.”

意思是:「乍看之下,它並不起眼;它是一雙 19 世紀 1890 年代流行款式的女鞋。」

接著文章用轉折指出真正特殊之處:

“But what is unique about this shoe is where it was found.”

意思是:「但這雙鞋的獨特之處,在於它被發現的地點。」

因此,答案必須與「發現地點」有關。

解題方法

先將題幹改寫為:

這雙普通的女鞋為什麼被認為很不尋常?

文章中的關鍵轉折為 But,表示前文的「普通」與後文的「特殊」形成對比:

  • 鞋子的款式:1890 年代流行,屬於普通背景資訊。
  • 鞋子的特殊性:被發現於 Chilkoot Pass,也就是淘金者使用的著名路線。

定位句如下:

“It was discovered on the Chilkoot Pass, the famous trail used by the people seeking gold in Alaska.”

翻譯為:「它是在奇爾庫特山口被發現的;奇爾庫特山口是前往阿拉斯加尋找黃金的人所使用的著名路線。」

所以正確答案是「因為它被發現於著名的淘金路線附近」。

關鍵單字與片語

  • ordinary:普通的、平凡的
  • object:物品、物件
  • tell a story:述說一段故事
  • powerful image:強烈的意象、令人印象深刻的畫面
  • extraordinary:非凡的、不尋常的
  • at first glance:乍看之下
  • unique:獨特的
  • be found:被發現
  • famous trail:著名的小徑、著名路線
  • seek gold:尋找黃金
  • belong to:屬於
  • drop by accident:不慎掉落
  • throw away:丟棄
  • travel lighter:減輕行李後旅行
  • gold fever:淘金熱
  • harsh wilderness:嚴酷的荒野
  • starvation:饑餓、餓死
  • exposure to the cold weather:暴露於寒冷天候中
  • supplies:補給品、物資
  • determined:意志堅定的
  • take part in:參與
  • adventure:冒險、冒險經歷

文法與語意重點

1. what is unique about ... is ...

“What is unique about this shoe is where it was found.”

這是 what 名詞子句 + be 動詞 + 補語 的句型:

  • What is unique about this shoe:這雙鞋的獨特之處
  • is
  • where it was found:它被發現的地點
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第 47 題

【題組共用題幹】

Every object tells a story. Even the most ordinary objects can present to us powerful images. Sometimes it is the ordinary nature of these objects that actually makes them so extraordinary. Such is the case with an old leather shoe in a museum in Alaska. At first glance it does not look like much. It is a woman’s shoe of a style popular in the 1890s. But what is unique about this shoe is where it was found. It was discovered on the Chilkoot Pass, the famous trail used by the people seeking gold in Alaska. Who it belonged to or why it was left there is not known. Was it perhaps dropped by accident as the woman climbed up the 1,500 stairs carved out of ice? Or did she throw away goods that she didn’t need in order to travel lighter?

Over 100,000 people with “gold fever” made this trip hoping to become millionaires. Few of them understood that on their way they would have to cross a harsh wilderness. Unprepared for such a dangerous journey, many died of starvation and exposure to the cold weather. The Canadian government finally started requiring the gold seekers to bring one ton of supplies with them. This was thought to be enough for a person to survive for one year. They would carry their supplies in backpacks each weighing up to fifty pounds; it usually took at least 40 trips to get everything to the top and over the pass. Whoever dropped the shoe must have been a brave and determined woman. Perhaps she was successful and made it to Alaska. Perhaps she had to turn back in defeat. No one will ever know for sure, but what we do know is that she took part in one of the greatest adventures in the 19th century.

According to this passage, many people who went to Alaska _______.

(A) eventually became millionaires
(B) brought with them many shoes
(C) had conflicts with the Eskimos
(D) were not properly equipped

登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查閱讀理解中的「細節定位」與「因果判斷」。解題重點是找出文章直接描述多數赴阿拉斯加淘金者處境的句子,再比對選項內容是否符合原文。

文章指出,許多淘金者:

  • 懷抱「淘金熱」前往阿拉斯加,希望成為百萬富翁。
  • 低估了旅程的危險性。
  • 缺乏充分準備,導致許多人因飢餓與寒冷而死亡。
  • 後來加拿大政府要求他們攜帶一噸物資。

因此,正確選項應表達「裝備不足、準備不充分」的意思。

解題方法

先鎖定題目主詞:

many people who went to Alaska

這指的是文章第二段提到的十萬多名淘金者。接著尋找描述這群人的直接資訊:

Unprepared for such a dangerous journey, many died of starvation and exposure to the cold weather.

翻譯:
「由於沒有為如此危險的旅程做好準備,許多人因飢餓以及暴露在寒冷天候中而死亡。」

句中的 Unprepared 是形容詞,意為「沒有準備好的、準備不足的」,直接說明這些人前往阿拉斯加時裝備與準備不充分,故答案為 (D)。

文章定位與重點字詞

  1. gold fever:淘金熱、對發財的狂熱
  2. hoping to become millionaires:希望成為百萬富翁
  3. harsh wilderness:嚴酷的荒野環境
  4. unprepared for:沒有準備好面對
  5. starvation:飢餓、餓死
  6. exposure to the cold weather:暴露於寒冷天候中
  7. supplies:補給品、生活物資
  8. backpack:背包
  9. determined:意志堅定的、堅決的
  10. turn back in defeat:失敗而折返

文法上,句首的 Unprepared for such a dangerous journey 是形容詞片語,修飾後面的主詞 many,完整語意是「許多人沒有準備好面對這趟危險旅程」。

選項分析

(A) eventually became millionaires

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第 48 題

【題組共用題幹】

Every object tells a story. Even the most ordinary objects can present to us powerful images. Sometimes it is the ordinary nature of these objects that actually makes them so extraordinary. Such is the case with an old leather shoe in a museum in Alaska. At first glance it does not look like much. It is a woman’s shoe of a style popular in the 1890s. But what is unique about this shoe is where it was found. It was discovered on the Chilkoot Pass, the famous trail used by the people seeking gold in Alaska. Who it belonged to or why it was left there is not known. Was it perhaps dropped by accident as the woman climbed up the 1,500 stairs carved out of ice? Or did she throw away goods that she didn’t need in order to travel lighter?

Over 100,000 people with “gold fever” made this trip hoping to become millionaires. Few of them understood that on their way they would have to cross a harsh wilderness. Unprepared for such a dangerous journey, many died of starvation and exposure to the cold weather. The Canadian government finally started requiring the gold seekers to bring one ton of supplies with them. This was thought to be enough for a person to survive for one year. They would carry their supplies in backpacks each weighing up to fifty pounds; it usually took at least 40 trips to get everything to the top and over the pass. Whoever dropped the shoe must have been a brave and determined woman. Perhaps she was successful and made it to Alaska. Perhaps she had to turn back in defeat. No one will ever know for sure, but what we do know is that she took part in one of the greatest adventures in the 19th century.

The Canadian government made gold seekers bring one year’s supplies with them so that _______.

(A) they would not die of hunger and cold
(B) the army would have enough food for fighting a war
(C) they could trade these goods with the Eskimos
(D) the supplies would make Alaska prosperous

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考閱讀理解中的「因果關係與目的判斷」。

題目問:

The Canadian government made gold seekers bring one year’s supplies with them so that _______.

關鍵片語是 so that + 子句,表示「為了使……;以便……」,後面的內容必須是政府要求淘金者攜帶物資的目的。

文章提到淘金者面臨:

  • starvation:飢餓
  • exposure to the cold weather:暴露在寒冷天氣中而受害
  • harsh wilderness:嚴酷的荒野
  • dangerous journey:危險的旅程

因此,攜帶一整年份量的物資,是為了讓淘金者能在旅途中存活,避免因飢餓與寒冷死亡。

解題方法

先定位文章中說明政府措施原因的句子:

Unprepared for such a dangerous journey, many died of starvation and exposure to the cold weather.
未準備好面對如此危險的旅程,許多人因飢餓以及暴露在寒冷天氣中而死亡。

接著文章寫道:

The Canadian government finally started requiring the gold seekers to bring one ton of supplies with them. This was thought to be enough for a person to survive for one year.
加拿大政府最後開始要求淘金者攜帶一噸物資。這些物資被認為足以讓一個人存活一年。

由「許多人因飢餓與寒冷死亡」以及「物資足以讓人存活一年」可知,政府要求攜帶物資的目的,是避免淘金者在旅途中因缺乏食物、無法抵禦寒冷而死亡。

因此選擇表示「避免飢餓與寒冷死亡」的選項。

文法與語意重點

1. so that 表示目的

題幹中的:

bring one year’s supplies with them so that ...

可理解為:

攜帶一年份量的物資,以便……

因此空格後應填入「攜帶物資所要達成的結果」。

2. make + 受詞 + 原形動詞

made gold seekers bring

結構為:

make+受詞+原形動詞\text{make}+\text{受詞}+\text{原形動詞}

意思是「使某人做某事;要求某人做某事」。

  • made:使、要求
  • gold seekers:淘金者
  • bring:攜帶

整句意思是「政府要求淘金者攜帶一年份量的物資」。

3. survive for one year

survive for one year

表示「存活一年」。

這個片語直接呼應題目中的 one year’s supplies,是判斷答案的重要線索。

關鍵單字與片語

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第 49 題

【題組共用題幹】

Every object tells a story. Even the most ordinary objects can present to us powerful images. Sometimes it is the ordinary nature of these objects that actually makes them so extraordinary. Such is the case with an old leather shoe in a museum in Alaska. At first glance it does not look like much. It is a woman’s shoe of a style popular in the 1890s. But what is unique about this shoe is where it was found. It was discovered on the Chilkoot Pass, the famous trail used by the people seeking gold in Alaska. Who it belonged to or why it was left there is not known. Was it perhaps dropped by accident as the woman climbed up the 1,500 stairs carved out of ice? Or did she throw away goods that she didn’t need in order to travel lighter?

Over 100,000 people with “gold fever” made this trip hoping to become millionaires. Few of them understood that on their way they would have to cross a harsh wilderness. Unprepared for such a dangerous journey, many died of starvation and exposure to the cold weather. The Canadian government finally started requiring the gold seekers to bring one ton of supplies with them. This was thought to be enough for a person to survive for one year. They would carry their supplies in backpacks each weighing up to fifty pounds; it usually took at least 40 trips to get everything to the top and over the pass. Whoever dropped the shoe must have been a brave and determined woman. Perhaps she was successful and made it to Alaska. Perhaps she had to turn back in defeat. No one will ever know for sure, but what we do know is that she took part in one of the greatest adventures in the 19th century.

No matter what happened to the woman who owned the shoe, _______.

(A) she must have lived a happy life
(B) she certainly dropped the shoe on purpose
(C) her adventurous spirit is definitely admirable
(D) her other shoes were equally fashionable

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. 閱讀理解與上下文推論
  2. 讓步副詞子句:No matter what ... 表示「不論……如何」
  3. 代名詞指涉:she、her 均指前文擁有這雙鞋的女性
  4. 作者態度與主旨判斷

句型:

No matter what happened to the woman who owned the shoe, _______.

No matter what happened to ... 意為「不論……發生了什麼事」,表示後面的結論不受前述情況影響。

文章雖然無法確定這名女子最後成功抵達、遭遇失敗,甚至不知道她為何遺失鞋子,但作者確定肯定她參與這段艱苦旅程的勇氣與決心。


解題方法

先掌握文章對這名女子的整體評價,再判斷哪個選項能接在讓步句後,使語意完整。

文中明確指出:

Whoever dropped the shoe must have been a brave and determined woman.
遺失這雙鞋的人一定是一位勇敢且意志堅定的女性。

文章結尾又說:

what we do know is that she took part in one of the greatest adventures in the 19th century.
我們確實知道的是,她參與了十九世紀最偉大的冒險之一。

因此,無論她最後成功或失敗,她展現出的冒險精神都值得肯定,答案應選擇表達「她的冒險精神令人敬佩」的選項。


定位答案的關鍵句

1. 描寫女子特質

Whoever dropped the shoe must have been a brave and determined woman.
遺失這雙鞋的人一定是一位勇敢且意志堅定的女性。

brave 是「勇敢的」,determined 是「意志堅定的、堅決的」。這表示作者對她抱持正面評價。

2. 肯定她參與冒險

she took part in one of the greatest adventures in the 19th century.
她參與了十九世紀最偉大的冒險之一。

這句是文章對該女子最確定的描述,也直接支持「冒險精神值得敬佩」的結論。


選項分析

(A) she must have lived a happy life

她一定過著幸福的生活。

錯誤。文章只描述她可能成功抵達,也可能因失敗而折返,完全沒有提及她後來的生活是否幸福。must have 表示根據證據做出強烈推論,但本文沒有足夠證據支持「幸福生活」。

(B) she certainly dropped the shoe on purpose

她一定是故意把鞋子丟掉的。

錯誤。文章提出兩種可能:

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第 50 題

【題組共用題幹】

Every object tells a story. Even the most ordinary objects can present to us powerful images. Sometimes it is the ordinary nature of these objects that actually makes them so extraordinary. Such is the case with an old leather shoe in a museum in Alaska. At first glance it does not look like much. It is a woman’s shoe of a style popular in the 1890s. But what is unique about this shoe is where it was found. It was discovered on the Chilkoot Pass, the famous trail used by the people seeking gold in Alaska. Who it belonged to or why it was left there is not known. Was it perhaps dropped by accident as the woman climbed up the 1,500 stairs carved out of ice? Or did she throw away goods that she didn’t need in order to travel lighter?

Over 100,000 people with “gold fever” made this trip hoping to become millionaires. Few of them understood that on their way they would have to cross a harsh wilderness. Unprepared for such a dangerous journey, many died of starvation and exposure to the cold weather. The Canadian government finally started requiring the gold seekers to bring one ton of supplies with them. This was thought to be enough for a person to survive for one year. They would carry their supplies in backpacks each weighing up to fifty pounds; it usually took at least 40 trips to get everything to the top and over the pass. Whoever dropped the shoe must have been a brave and determined woman. Perhaps she was successful and made it to Alaska. Perhaps she had to turn back in defeat. No one will ever know for sure, but what we do know is that she took part in one of the greatest adventures in the 19th century.

The author of this passage would like us to remember that _______.

(A) “gold fever” was not worth the lives of many people
(B) simple objects can stimulate our imagination
(C) lost shoes should be sent to museums for exhibition
(D) Alaska was not a place suitable for making a living

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題是閱讀測驗的主旨判斷題,考查考生能否掌握文章整體旨趣,而非只依據某一段落或細節作答。

文章以阿拉斯加博物館中的一隻老皮鞋為例,說明:

  • 平凡物品也能承載故事。
  • 物品的背景會引發人們的想像。
  • 一隻被遺留在 Chilkoot Pass 的鞋,雖然無法確認主人身分與遺失原因,卻讓人聯想到淘金者所經歷的艱苦旅程。

因此,作者希望讀者記住的是:簡單、普通的物品也能激發人的想像力。


解題方法

主旨題應掌握以下三個步驟:

  1. 找出文章開頭提出的中心概念。
  2. 觀察後文是否以具體事例支持這個概念。
  3. 比較選項是否能涵蓋全文,而非只描述文章中的部分細節。

本文第一段開頭直接提出中心思想:

“Every object tells a story. Even the most ordinary objects can present to us powerful images.”

意思是:

「每一件物品都在述說一個故事。即使是最普通的物品,也能呈現強烈的影像與聯想。」

接著文章以老皮鞋為例,描述它可能屬於一名參加淘金旅程的女性,並列出她可能遺失鞋子的原因。第二段再補充淘金者必須攜帶大量物資、翻越冰雪階梯,許多人甚至因飢餓與寒冷而死亡。這些內容都在強化同一個效果:一隻普通的鞋,能使人想像一段充滿冒險與艱苦的歷史。

最符合全文主旨的選項是 (B)。


關鍵單字與片語

  • object:物品、物體
  • tell a story:述說故事;引發故事聯想
  • ordinary:普通的、平凡的
  • powerful image:強烈的意象、鮮明的畫面
  • extraordinary:非凡的、特別的
  • such is the case:情況正是如此
  • at first glance:乍看之下
  • style:樣式、款式
  • unique:獨特的
  • be found:被發現
  • belong to:屬於
  • drop by accident:意外掉落
  • throw away:丟棄
  • travel lighter:減輕行李重量,以較輕便的方式旅行
  • gold fever:淘金熱;對發財的狂熱
  • seek gold:尋找黃金、淘金
  • harsh wilderness:嚴酷的荒野
  • unprepared for:未準備好面對……
  • starvation:飢餓、饑荒
  • exposure to the cold:暴露於寒冷環境
  • require A to V:要求 A 做某事
  • supplies:補給品、物資
  • backpack:背包
  • determined:意志堅定的
  • turn back:折返
  • in defeat:以失敗告終
  • take part in:參與
  • adventure:冒險、探險

文法與語意重點

1. Even the most ordinary objects can present to us powerful images.

句中的 even 表示「即使、甚至」,用來強調「普通物品」也具有特殊作用。

  • ordinary objects:普通物品
  • present A to B:將 A 呈現給 B

全句意為:

「即使是最普通的物品,也能呈現強烈的意象給我們。」

2. Such is the case with an old leather shoe...

Such is the case with... 是較正式的倒裝句,意思是「……的情況正是如此」。

一般語序可理解為:

The case with an old leather shoe is such.

此處表示前一句所說「普通物品能引發強烈聯想」的情況,也適用於這隻老皮鞋。

3. What is unique about this shoe is where it was found.

這是由 what 引導的名詞子句作主詞:

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第 51 題

【題組共用題幹】

All forms of life have an instinctive urge to survive. Nature provides 51 with the means of survival. We have learned much about survival from 52 forms of animal life. Lizards, 53 can change the color of their skin and 54 the trees and leaves around them. 55, they cannot be detected by other animals that threaten them. Nature provides other forms of protection 56 environmental dangers. Human beings, too, 57 special devices to protect 58. Their skin is very _59 to temperature changes. 60 warm weather, sweating helps humans regulate their body temperature.

(A) it
(B) them
(C) this
(D) which

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 51 題考「代名詞的指涉對象、單複數與句中格位」。

題幹句子為:

Nature provides 51 with the means of survival.
大自然提供__生存所需的手段。

句型為:

provide+人/生物+with+事物\text{provide}+\text{人/生物}+\text{with}+\text{事物}

也就是「提供某人/某生物某物」。因此空格需要放在動詞 provides 之後,作為受詞,並且代替前一句的 All forms of life。

定位答案的關鍵句

All forms of life have an instinctive urge to survive. Nature provides 51 with the means of survival.

前句的 All forms of life 意為「所有形式的生命」,指涉複數的各種生物;後句必須以複數受格代名詞代替,因此填入 them:

Nature provides them with the means of survival.
大自然提供牠們生存所需的手段。

此處的 them 指前句的 All forms of life。

解題方法

第一步,判斷空格在句中的功能。

空格位於:

Nature provides ___ with the means of survival.

根據固定句型 provide A with B,空格是被提供者,屬於受詞位置。

第二步,找出代名詞所代替的名詞。

前一句的主詞為:

All forms of life

其核心概念是複數的「所有生命形式」,因此代名詞須使用複數形式。

第三步,確認格位。

代名詞作為 provides 的受詞,須使用受格:

  • 主格:they
  • 受格:them
  • 所有格:their
  • 反身代名詞:themselves

所以正確答案是 them。

選項分析

(A) it

it 是第三人稱單數受格代名詞,通常指代單數事物或不可數名詞,例如:

Nature provides it with protection.
大自然提供它保護。

本題的先行詞 All forms of life 是複數,不能用單數的 it 代替,因此錯誤。

(B) them

them 是第三人稱複數受格代名詞,可指代前句的 All forms of life。它同時符合:

  1. 指涉對象為複數;
  2. 位於動詞 provides 之後,作受詞;
  3. 符合 provide A with B 句型。

完整句為:

Nature provides them with the means of survival.

因此 (B) them 正確。

(C) this

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第 52 題

【題組共用題幹】

All forms of life have an instinctive urge to survive. Nature provides 51 with the means of survival. We have learned much about survival from 52 forms of animal life. Lizards, 53 can change the color of their skin and 54 the trees and leaves around them. 55, they cannot be detected by other animals that threaten them. Nature provides other forms of protection 56 environmental dangers. Human beings, too, 57 special devices to protect 58. Their skin is very _59 to temperature changes. 60 warm weather, sweating helps humans regulate their body temperature.

(A) better
(B) fewer
(C) less
(D) lower

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「形容詞語意與固定搭配」:

We have learned much about survival from lower forms of animal life.
我們已經從較低等的動物生命形式中學到許多生存之道。

句中的 forms of animal life 指「各種動物生命形式」,lower 修飾 forms,表示生物在演化層次、複雜程度或組織發展上較低等。

lower forms of animal life 是自然且常見的搭配,意為「較低等的動物」。

解題方法

先觀察空格後面的名詞:

  • forms 是可數名詞複數。
  • 空格需要一個形容詞,修飾 forms。
  • 句意是:人類可以從較簡單、較低等的動物身上學習生存方式。

因此,應選擇表示「較低的、較低等的」之 lower:

learned much about survival from lower forms of animal life
從較低等的動物生命形式中學到許多生存之道

此處不是比較「數量多寡」,也不是比較「好壞」,而是比較生物的層次、發展程度或複雜性。

選項分析

(A) better

better 是 good 的比較級,表示「更好的、較佳的」。

若填入:

learned much about survival from better forms of animal life

意思會變成「從較好的動物生命形式中學習」,語意不符合本文強調人類可向其他較簡單、較低等的生物學習生存本能,因此錯誤。

(B) fewer

fewer 表示「較少的」,專門修飾可數名詞複數,例如:

  • fewer animals:較少的動物
  • fewer forms:較少的形式

本句的 forms 雖然是可數名詞複數,但句意並不是「較少的動物生命形式」,而是「較低等的動物生命形式」。數量概念與上下文不合,因此錯誤。

(C) less

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第 53 題

【題組共用題幹】

All forms of life have an instinctive urge to survive. Nature provides 51 with the means of survival. We have learned much about survival from 52 forms of animal life. Lizards, 53 can change the color of their skin and 54 the trees and leaves around them. 55, they cannot be detected by other animals that threaten them. Nature provides other forms of protection 56 environmental dangers. Human beings, too, 57 special devices to protect 58. Their skin is very _59 to temperature changes. 60 warm weather, sweating helps humans regulate their body temperature.

(A) however
(B) for instance
(C) in case
(D) more or less

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 53 題考「連接副詞/副詞片語的語意判斷」,重點是辨識上下文之間的邏輯關係。

題幹前句:

We have learned much about survival from 52 forms of animal life.
我們已經從其他形式的動物生命中,學到許多生存的知識。

後句:

Lizards, 53 can change the color of their skin and 54 the trees and leaves around them.
蜥蜴,例如,可以改變皮膚的顏色,並且融入周遭的樹木與葉片之中。

此處是在前句所說的「動物生命」中,舉出蜥蜴作為具體例子,因此應填入表示「例如」的片語 for instance。

解題方法

判斷克漏字時,先確認空格前後的語意功能:

  • 前句提出概括性的說法:從動物身上學習生存方式。
  • 後句提出具體對象:蜥蜴具有變色與偽裝的能力。
  • 兩者形成「概括說明 → 舉例解釋」的關係。

因此,空格需要「舉例」功能的副詞片語:

Lizards, for instance, can change the color of their skin...

句意為:

例如,蜥蜴可以改變皮膚的顏色……

所以第 53 題答案為 (B) for instance。

選項分析

(A) however

however 意為「然而、不過」,用來表示轉折或對比。

若填入句中:

Lizards, however, can change the color of their skin...

意思會變成:

然而,蜥蜴可以改變皮膚的顏色……

前文並未提出與蜥蜴相反或衝突的內容,只有「從動物學習生存方式」的概括敘述,因此不需要轉折,語意不成立。

(B) for instance

for instance 意為「例如」,與 for example 意思相同,用來引出前文概念的具體例子。

前句提到「從其他動物身上學習生存」,後句以蜥蜴說明動物的生存方式,邏輯完全吻合。

因此為正確答案。

(C) in case

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第 54 題

【題組共用題幹】

All forms of life have an instinctive urge to survive. Nature provides 51 with the means of survival. We have learned much about survival from 52 forms of animal life. Lizards, 53 can change the color of their skin and 54 the trees and leaves around them. 55, they cannot be detected by other animals that threaten them. Nature provides other forms of protection 56 environmental dangers. Human beings, too, 57 special devices to protect 58. Their skin is very _59 to temperature changes. 60 warm weather, sweating helps humans regulate their body temperature.

(A) blend with
(B) differ from
(C) gaze upon
(D) migrate to

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 54 題考查:

  1. 動詞片語的語意判斷
  2. 並列結構
  3. 依上下文判斷動物的保護機制

題幹描述蜥蜴改變皮膚顏色,以融入周遭環境、躲避天敵。因此空格應填入表示「與……融為一體、與……融合」的片語。

關鍵句為:

Lizards, 53 can change the color of their skin and 54 the trees and leaves around them.

翻譯:

蜥蜴可以改變皮膚的顏色,並且與周圍的樹木和葉子融為一體。

空格前有並列連接詞 and,前後接兩個動詞片語:

  • change the color of their skin
  • blend with the trees and leaves around them

兩者共同說明蜥蜴如何隱藏自己。


解題方法

先抓住語意主軸:本段主題是 survival(生存) 與 protection(保護)。

前文提到:

Nature provides us with the means of survival.

翻譯:

大自然提供我們生存所需的方法。

接著文章以蜥蜴為例,說明動物如何藉由外表與環境融合來躲避威脅。第 54 題的完整句意為:

Lizards can change the color of their skin and blend with the trees and leaves around them.

其中:

  • change 表示「改變」
  • blend with 表示「與……融合、與……融為一體」

因此「改變膚色」與「融入樹木、葉子」在語意上形成連貫的生存策略。


選項分析

(A) blend with

blend with 意為「與……融合、與……融為一體」。

代入句中:

Lizards can change the color of their skin and blend with the trees and leaves around them.

翻譯:

蜥蜴可以改變皮膚的顏色,並與周圍的樹木和葉子融為一體。

此選項符合蜥蜴利用保護色隱藏自己的情境,且與前面的 change 形成正確的並列動詞結構,為正確答案。

(B) differ from

differ from 意為「與……不同」。

代入後變成:

Lizards can change the color of their skin and differ from the trees and leaves around them.

翻譯:

蜥蜴可以改變皮膚的顏色,並且與周圍的樹木和葉子不同。

此語意與上下文不合。文章強調蜥蜴藉由改變顏色來隱藏自己,重點是「相似、融合」,而不是「不同」,因此錯誤。

(C) gaze upon

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第 55 題

【題組共用題幹】

All forms of life have an instinctive urge to survive. Nature provides 51 with the means of survival. We have learned much about survival from 52 forms of animal life. Lizards, 53 can change the color of their skin and 54 the trees and leaves around them. 55, they cannot be detected by other animals that threaten them. Nature provides other forms of protection 56 environmental dangers. Human beings, too, 57 special devices to protect 58. Their skin is very _59 to temperature changes. 60 warm weather, sweating helps humans regulate their body temperature.

(A) Nevertheless
(B) As a result
(C) In contrast
(D) On the other hand

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 55 題考「上下文邏輯關係」與「轉承副詞片語」的判斷。

前文說明蜥蜴能夠:

  • 改變皮膚顏色;
  • 融入周遭的樹木與葉子。

後文接著說明這種能力所造成的結果:其他具有威脅性的動物無法察覺蜥蜴。因此,空格需要填入表示「結果」的轉承語。

正確答案為 As a result,意思是「因此、結果」。

解題方法

定位答案的關鍵句為:

Lizards, 53 can change the color of their skin and 54 the trees and leaves around them. 55, they cannot be detected by other animals that threaten them.

翻譯:

蜥蜴可以改變皮膚的顏色,並且融入周遭的樹木與葉子。因此,會威脅牠們的其他動物便無法察覺牠們。

前句是「原因」:

蜥蜴能改變身體顏色,並融入環境。

後句是「結果」:

其他動物無法發現蜥蜴。

兩句之間形成「因果關係」,所以應選擇表示結果的 As a result。

句型結構為:

原因句. As a result, 結果句.

選項分析

(A) Nevertheless

Nevertheless 表示「然而、儘管如此」,用於引導與前文形成讓步或轉折的內容。

本題前文說蜥蜴能夠融入環境,後文說因此不容易被發現,兩者是合理的因果關係,沒有轉折意味。

因此 Nevertheless 不符合語意。

(B) As a result

As a result 表示「因此、結果」,用於說明前面原因所造成的結果。

蜥蜴能改變皮膚顏色並融入樹木、葉子,結果便不容易被具有威脅性的動物發現,語意完全連貫。

因此 As a result 正確。

(C) In contrast

In contrast 表示「相較之下、相反地」,用於比較兩個具有差異或相反特徵的對象、情況。

本題前後句不是在比較兩種不同生物,也不是在表達相反結果,而是在說明保護色所帶來的效果。

因此 In contrast 不符合上下文邏輯。

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第 56 題

【題組共用題幹】

All forms of life have an instinctive urge to survive. Nature provides 51 with the means of survival. We have learned much about survival from 52 forms of animal life. Lizards, 53 can change the color of their skin and 54 the trees and leaves around them. 55, they cannot be detected by other animals that threaten them. Nature provides other forms of protection 56 environmental dangers. Human beings, too, 57 special devices to protect 58. Their skin is very _59 to temperature changes. 60 warm weather, sweating helps humans regulate their body temperature.

(A) about
(B) above
(C) against
(D) around

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 56 題考「介系詞搭配」與語意判斷。

句型為:

provide + 名詞 + protection against + 名詞
提供抵抗/防禦……的保護

其中:

  • protection:保護、防護
  • environmental dangers:環境危險、環境威脅
  • against:抵抗、對抗、用來防禦

因此,protection against environmental dangers 表示「抵抗環境危險的保護」。

解題方法

先觀察空格前後:

Nature provides other forms of protection ___ environmental dangers.

空格後接的是 environmental dangers,指環境中的危險。句意是「大自然提供其他形式的保護,來抵抗環境危險」。

英文中表達「防禦、抵抗某種危險或攻擊」時,常用:

  • protection against danger:抵抗危險的保護
  • protection against disease:防止疾病的保護
  • protection against infection:防止感染的保護
  • protection against radiation:防護輻射

所以空格應填 against。

原文定位與翻譯

定位句:

Nature provides other forms of protection against environmental dangers.

翻譯:

大自然提供其他形式的保護,以抵禦環境中的危險。

文章前文提到蜥蜴能改變皮膚顏色,使自己融入樹木與葉片之中,藉此躲避威脅牠們的動物。接著文章延伸說明,大自然也提供其他用來「抵抗環境危險」的保護方式,因此使用 against 最符合文法與語意。

選項分析

(A) about

about 常表示「關於、大約、在附近」。

  • protection about environmental dangers
  • 關於環境危險的保護

此搭配無法表達「抵抗環境危險」的意思。若要表示「針對某主題的資訊」,可以使用 information about environmental dangers,但 protection about 並非本句所需的固定搭配,因此錯誤。

(B) above

above 表示「在……之上、高於」。

  • protection above environmental dangers
  • 位於環境危險之上的保護
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第 57 題

【題組共用題幹】

All forms of life have an instinctive urge to survive. Nature provides 51 with the means of survival. We have learned much about survival from 52 forms of animal life. Lizards, 53 can change the color of their skin and 54 the trees and leaves around them. 55, they cannot be detected by other animals that threaten them. Nature provides other forms of protection 56 environmental dangers. Human beings, too, 57 special devices to protect 58. Their skin is very _59 to temperature changes. 60 warm weather, sweating helps humans regulate their body temperature.

(A) give
(B) are going to give
(C) have given
(D) have been given

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 57 題考查:

  1. 主動語態與被動語態
  2. 現在完成式
  3. 主詞與動詞的數一致
  4. 上下文語意判斷

句型為:

Human beings, too, ___ special devices to protect ___.

主詞是複數的 Human beings,空格後接名詞片語 special devices,語意是「人類也被賦予特殊的保護裝置」,因此需要使用被動語態。

「被賦予」的基本結構為:

主詞+have/has been+過去分詞\text{主詞}+\text{have/has been}+\text{過去分詞}

因為主詞 Human beings 為複數,使用 have;動詞 give 的過去分詞為 given,所以形成:

have been given\text{have been given}

解題方法

定位答案的關鍵句為:

Nature provides other forms of protection 56 environmental dangers. Human beings, too, 57 special devices to protect 58.

翻譯:

大自然提供其他形式的保護,以抵禦環境危險。人類也被賦予特殊的裝置來保護自己。

前文多次以 Nature provides 為主詞,說明大自然提供生物生存及防禦所需的條件。接著談到人類時,語意仍是「大自然給予人類特殊的保護機制」,不是人類主動把裝置給予其他對象。

此外,文章是在描述人類目前已經具備的生存特徵,使用現在完成式 have been given,表示「已經被賦予」。

完整句子為:

Human beings, too, have been given special devices to protect themselves.

選項分析

(A) give

give 是原形動詞,若填入後成為:

Human beings, too, give special devices to protect themselves.

文法上可形成一般現在式,但語意變成:

人類也給予特殊裝置來保護自己。

這表示人類是「給予者」,與全文「大自然提供生存保護」的語意不符。題目要表達的是人類「接受」大自然賦予的保護,因此錯誤。

(B) are going to give

are going to give 是「即將給予、打算給予」的未來式,填入後為:

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第 58 題

【題組共用題幹】

All forms of life have an instinctive urge to survive. Nature provides 51 with the means of survival. We have learned much about survival from 52 forms of animal life. Lizards, 53 can change the color of their skin and 54 the trees and leaves around them. 55, they cannot be detected by other animals that threaten them. Nature provides other forms of protection 56 environmental dangers. Human beings, too, 57 special devices to protect 58. Their skin is very _59 to temperature changes. 60 warm weather, sweating helps humans regulate their body temperature.

(A) himself
(B) itself
(C) themselves
(D) yourselves

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:反身代名詞與主詞一致

第 58 題考「反身代名詞」的選擇。反身代名詞表示動作的受詞與主詞是同一對象,必須在人稱與單複數上和主詞一致。

主詞反身代名詞
hehimself
ititself
theythemselves
youyourselves

題幹中的主詞是 Human beings,意思是「人類」,屬於第三人稱複數,因此應使用 themselves。

解題方法:先找主詞,再判斷受詞

定位答案的句子是:

Human beings, too, have special devices to protect ___.

翻譯為:

人類也擁有特殊的裝置來保護自己。

句中的動詞片語為 protect ___,空格是 protect 的受詞。人類保護的對象就是人類自己,因此要使用反身代名詞。

  • 主詞:Human beings,第三人稱複數
  • 受詞:人類自己
  • 正確反身代名詞:themselves

完整句子為:

Human beings, too, have special devices to protect themselves.

關鍵單字與片語

  • all forms of life:所有形式的生命
  • instinctive urge:本能性的欲望
  • survive:生存、存活
  • nature provides A with B:大自然提供 A B
  • means of survival:生存的方法或手段
  • animal life:動物生命、動物
  • lizard:蜥蜴
  • change the color of their skin:改變牠們皮膚的顏色
  • blend in with:融入、與……混為一體
  • be detected:被察覺、被發現
  • threaten:威脅
  • form of protection:保護方式
  • environmental dangers:環境危險
  • special devices:特殊裝置
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第 59 題

【題組共用題幹】

All forms of life have an instinctive urge to survive. Nature provides 51 with the means of survival. We have learned much about survival from 52 forms of animal life. Lizards, 53 can change the color of their skin and 54 the trees and leaves around them. 55, they cannot be detected by other animals that threaten them. Nature provides other forms of protection 56 environmental dangers. Human beings, too, 57 special devices to protect 58. Their skin is very _59 to temperature changes. 60 warm weather, sweating helps humans regulate their body temperature.

(A) sensational
(B) sensible
(C) sensitive
(D) sentimental

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 59 題考查形容詞的字義辨析,以及固定搭配與上下文語意。

題幹句子為:

Their skin is very 59 to temperature changes.
他們的皮膚對溫度變化非常___。

空格後接介系詞 to,表示「對……敏感/容易受到……影響」,最適合的搭配是:

be sensitive to + 名詞
=對……敏感;容易察覺或受到……影響

人體皮膚具有感受溫度變化的功能,因此句意是「人類的皮膚對溫度變化非常敏感」。

解題方法

先觀察句型:

Their skin is very ___ to temperature changes.\text{Their skin is very } \_\_\_ \text{ to temperature changes.}

其中:

  • 主詞:Their skin
  • 連綴動詞:is
  • 副詞:very
  • 空格:形容詞
  • 介系詞片語:to temperature changes

再依據上下文判斷。前文提到人類具有保護自己的特殊裝置,後文接著說:

60 warm weather, sweating helps humans regulate their body temperature.
在溫暖的天氣中,流汗幫助人類調節體溫。

因此第 59 題需要表達「皮膚能感受到溫度變化」,答案為 sensitive。

定位答案的關鍵原文與翻譯

Their skin is very sensitive to temperature changes.
他們的皮膚對溫度變化非常敏感。

此句中的 sensitive to 是判斷答案的核心搭配;後句提到流汗能調節體溫,也進一步呼應皮膚與溫度感受、體溫調節之間的關係。

選項分析

(A) sensational
意為「轟動的;引起轟動的;聳人聽聞的」。

例如:

  • a sensational news story
    一則轟動的新聞
  • sensational headlines
    聳人聽聞的標題

sensational 通常用來形容新聞、故事、事件或表現具有轟動效果,不表示「對刺激敏感」。
sensational to temperature changes 不符合英文慣用語,也不合乎本文語意,因此錯誤。

(B) sensible
意為「明智的;合理的;實際的」。

例如:

  • a sensible decision
    明智的決定
  • sensible advice
    合理的建議

sensible 著重於判斷或行為是否理智,不能表示身體或感官對溫度變化具有敏銳反應。
sensible to temperature changes 不是本句所需的語意,因此錯誤。

(C) sensitive
意為「敏感的;容易受影響的;感受力強的」。

常見搭配:

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第 60 題

【題組共用題幹】

All forms of life have an instinctive urge to survive. Nature provides 51 with the means of survival. We have learned much about survival from 52 forms of animal life. Lizards, 53 can change the color of their skin and 54 the trees and leaves around them. 55, they cannot be detected by other animals that threaten them. Nature provides other forms of protection 56 environmental dangers. Human beings, too, 57 special devices to protect 58. Their skin is very _59 to temperature changes. 60 warm weather, sweating helps humans regulate their body temperature.

(A) During
(B) Instead of
(C) Over
(D) Through

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 60 題考查「時間介系詞」與上下文語意。

完整句子為:

During warm weather, sweating helps humans regulate their body temperature.
在溫暖的天氣裡,流汗能幫助人類調節體溫。

空格後接名詞片語 warm weather,需要填入表示「在……期間」的介系詞。句意是在說明:當天氣溫暖時,人類透過流汗調節體溫,因此答案為 During。

解題方法

先觀察句型:

___ warm weather, sweating helps humans regulate their body temperature.

後面的 warm weather 是名詞片語,空格位置需要介系詞。再依語意判斷:

  • 「在溫暖的天氣期間」符合生理機制。
  • 流汗是人體在高溫環境下散熱、維持體溫穩定的方式。
  • 因此應選表示時間範圍的 during。

句中主要結構如下:

  • During warm weather:時間副詞片語,修飾整個主句
  • sweating:動名詞,作主詞,意為「流汗」
  • helps humans regulate:幫助人類調節
  • their body temperature:他們的體溫

選項分析

(A) During

during 表示「在……期間」,後面接名詞或名詞片語。

  • during the summer:在夏季期間
  • during the examination:在考試期間
  • during warm weather:在溫暖的天氣裡

代入後:

During warm weather, sweating helps humans regulate their body temperature.

語意與文法均正確。流汗在溫暖天氣中幫助人體調節體溫,符合文章內容。

(B) Instead of

instead of 表示「代替……」「而不是……」,後面接名詞、代名詞或動名詞。

若代入句中:

Instead of warm weather, sweating helps humans regulate their body temperature.

意思變成「不是溫暖的天氣,流汗幫助人類調節體溫」,語意不通。句子需要的是時間背景,不是替代關係。

(C) Over

over 可表示「在……期間」「經過一段時間」,也可表示「在……上方」或「超過」。

例如:

  • over the years:在這些年來
  • over the weekend:在週末期間
  • fly over the mountains:飛越山脈
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第 61 題

【題組共用題幹】

European politicians are trying to get the UK Government to make cigarette companies print photos on the packets. These photos will show 61 smoking damages your health. The shocking pictures include images of smoke-damaged lungs and teeth, with reminders in large print that smokers die younger.

The picture 62 have been used in Canada for the last four years. It has been very successful and has led to a 44% 63 in smokers wanting to kick the habit. At the moment EU tobacco manufacturers only have to put written health warnings on cigarette packets 64 the dangers of smoking.

The aim of the campaign is to remind people of the damage the deadly weed does to their body. It is believed that this would be to the best interest of all people, 65 teens who might be tempted to start smoking. These dreadful photos may change the impression among teenagers that smoking is cool and sexy.

(A) when
(B) how
(C) where
(D) what

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 61 題考「疑問詞引導名詞子句」的用法,以及上下文語意判斷。

句型為:

These photos will show how smoking damages your health.

其中 how smoking damages your health 是由疑問詞 how 引導的名詞子句,作動詞 show 的受詞,意思是「吸菸如何損害健康」。

此處的 how 表示「如何、以何種方式」,用來說明吸菸對健康造成傷害的方式或情形。

解題方法

定位答案的關鍵句為:

These photos will show 61 smoking damages your health.
這些照片將展示吸菸如何損害你的健康。

句意是:照片要呈現吸菸「如何」傷害人體,例如造成肺部與牙齒受損。因此空格應填表示方式的 how。

完整句為:

These photos will show how smoking damages your health.

文法結構如下:

  • These photos:主詞,這些照片
  • will show:動詞,將展示
  • how smoking damages your health:名詞子句,作 show 的受詞
  • smoking:動名詞,作名詞子句的主詞
  • damages:動詞,因主詞 smoking 為單數概念而使用第三人稱單數
  • your health:受詞,你的健康

選項分析

(A) when

意為「何時、當……時」,表示時間。

These photos will show when smoking damages your health.

意思變成「這些照片將展示吸菸何時損害你的健康」,重點轉為時間,不符合文章要呈現吸菸造成肺部、牙齒傷害的方式,因此錯誤。

(B) how

意為「如何、怎樣」,表示方式。

These photos will show how smoking damages your health.

意思是「這些照片將展示吸菸如何損害你的健康」,符合照片呈現受損肺部與牙齒的內容,因此正確。

(C) where

意為「在哪裡」,表示地點。

These photos will show where smoking damages your health.

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第 62 題

【題組共用題幹】

European politicians are trying to get the UK Government to make cigarette companies print photos on the packets. These photos will show 61 smoking damages your health. The shocking pictures include images of smoke-damaged lungs and teeth, with reminders in large print that smokers die younger.

The picture 62 have been used in Canada for the last four years. It has been very successful and has led to a 44% 63 in smokers wanting to kick the habit. At the moment EU tobacco manufacturers only have to put written health warnings on cigarette packets 64 the dangers of smoking.

The aim of the campaign is to remind people of the damage the deadly weed does to their body. It is believed that this would be to the best interest of all people, 65 teens who might be tempted to start smoking. These dreadful photos may change the impression among teenagers that smoking is cool and sexy.

(A) symbols
(B) warnings
(C) commercials
(D) decorations

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. 克漏字的語意判斷
  2. 名詞搭配與詞義辨析
  3. 依上下文判斷文章邏輯

句型為:

The picture 62 have been used in Canada for the last four years.

空格後接動詞片語 have been used,表示空格應填入複數名詞,且須符合前文「在菸盒上印製照片,提醒吸菸危害健康」的語意。

解題方法

前文提到:

These photos will show 61 smoking damages your health.
這些照片將呈現吸菸如何損害健康。

接著又說:

The shocking pictures include images of smoke-damaged lungs and teeth, with reminders in large print that smokers die younger.
這些令人震驚的圖片包括遭煙霧損害的肺部與牙齒影像,並以大字提醒吸菸者會較早死亡。

因此,這些照片的功能不是裝飾或廣告,而是作為「圖像式健康警語」。最符合的搭配是 picture warnings,意為「圖像警語、圖片警告」。

完整句意為:

The picture warnings have been used in Canada for the last four years.
這些圖像警語已經在加拿大使用了四年。

選項分析

  • (A) symbols:意為「符號、象徵」。
    picture symbols 可表示圖片符號,但本文的照片是用來警告吸菸危害健康,重點在「警告功能」,不是單純代表某種概念的符號,因此不合語意。

  • (B) warnings:意為「警告、警語」。
    picture warnings 指以圖片呈現的健康警語,與前文的受損肺部、牙齒照片及「吸菸者較早死亡」的提醒完全相符,故為正確答案。

  • (C) commercials:意為「商業廣告」。
    picture commercials 可理解為圖片廣告,但香菸包裝上的照片是在提醒吸菸危險,不是推銷商品,因此語意不符。

  • (D) decorations:意為「裝飾品、裝飾」。

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第 63 題

【題組共用題幹】

European politicians are trying to get the UK Government to make cigarette companies print photos on the packets. These photos will show 61 smoking damages your health. The shocking pictures include images of smoke-damaged lungs and teeth, with reminders in large print that smokers die younger.

The picture 62 have been used in Canada for the last four years. It has been very successful and has led to a 44% 63 in smokers wanting to kick the habit. At the moment EU tobacco manufacturers only have to put written health warnings on cigarette packets 64 the dangers of smoking.

The aim of the campaign is to remind people of the damage the deadly weed does to their body. It is believed that this would be to the best interest of all people, 65 teens who might be tempted to start smoking. These dreadful photos may change the impression among teenagers that smoking is cool and sexy.

(A) increase
(B) change
(C) portion
(D) drop

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 63 題考「語意判斷」與固定搭配。空格位於:

It has been very successful and has led to a 44% 63 in smokers wanting to kick the habit.

句意是:圖像警示在加拿大使用後成效良好,使「想戒菸的吸菸者」人數下降了 44%。

關鍵搭配為:

  • a drop in + 名詞:……的下降
  • a 44% drop in smokers:吸菸者人數下降 44%
  • want to kick the habit:想戒除習慣;本文指想戒菸

因此空格應填表示「下降」的名詞 drop。

解題方法

先判斷前文對加拿大警示圖片的評價:

It has been very successful

意為「這項措施非常成功」。接著說明成功的具體結果:

has led to a 44% 63 in smokers wanting to kick the habit.

既然措施成功,語意上應接「下降」類的結果。完整句子為:

It has been very successful and has led to a 44% drop in smokers wanting to kick the habit.

翻譯:

這項措施非常成功,使想戒菸的吸菸者人數下降了 44%。

其中 a 44% drop in 是自然且常見的英文搭配,表示「……下降 44%」。

題幹定位

定位答案的關鍵句是:

It has been very successful and has led to a 44% drop in smokers wanting to kick the habit.

翻譯:

這項措施非常成功,使想戒除這項習慣的吸菸者人數下降了 44%。

前句提到加拿大使用警示圖片後「非常成功」,因此後文應描述吸菸相關數據的下降,而非增加。

選項分析

  • (A) increase:增加
    an increase in 是正確搭配,但與「措施非常成功」及戒菸宣導的語境不合。若填入,會變成「想戒菸的吸菸者增加 44%」,與文章所描述的結果不一致。
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第 64 題

【題組共用題幹】

European politicians are trying to get the UK Government to make cigarette companies print photos on the packets. These photos will show 61 smoking damages your health. The shocking pictures include images of smoke-damaged lungs and teeth, with reminders in large print that smokers die younger.

The picture 62 have been used in Canada for the last four years. It has been very successful and has led to a 44% 63 in smokers wanting to kick the habit. At the moment EU tobacco manufacturers only have to put written health warnings on cigarette packets 64 the dangers of smoking.

The aim of the campaign is to remind people of the damage the deadly weed does to their body. It is believed that this would be to the best interest of all people, 65 teens who might be tempted to start smoking. These dreadful photos may change the impression among teenagers that smoking is cool and sexy.

(A) highlight
(B) highlights
(C) highlighting
(D) highlighted

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. 分詞片語修飾名詞。
  2. 現在分詞 V-ingV\text{-}ing 表示主動、進行中的動作。
  3. 過去分詞 V-edV\text{-}ed 表示被動或完成。
  4. 句子主要動詞與修飾語的判斷。

空格所在片語為:

written health warnings on cigarette packets 64 the dangers of smoking

其完整意思是:

印在香菸包裝上的書面健康警語,強調吸菸的危險。

其中,真正「強調吸菸危險」的是 written health warnings,不是 cigarette packets,因此需要使用現在分詞 highlighting,形成分詞片語修飾前面的 health warnings。


解題方法

先找出句子的主要結構:

EU tobacco manufacturers only have to put written health warnings on cigarette packets ...

主詞是 EU tobacco manufacturers,主要動詞是 have to put。
因此空格後的內容不能再放入另一個獨立的主要動詞,應判斷為修飾前面名詞的分詞片語。

完整句子為:

At the moment EU tobacco manufacturers only have to put written health warnings on cigarette packets highlighting the dangers of smoking.

可還原為關係子句:

written health warnings on cigarette packets which highlight the dangers of smoking

因為 health warnings 主動「強調」危險,所以使用現在分詞 highlighting。

若使用過去分詞,則相當於:

written health warnings ... which were highlighted ...

意思會變成「被強調的健康警語」,語意與原句不符。


定位答案的原文與翻譯

原文:

At the moment EU tobacco manufacturers only have to put written health warnings on cigarette packets 64 the dangers of smoking.

翻譯:

目前,歐盟菸草製造商只需在香菸包裝上放置強調吸菸危險的書面健康警語。

關鍵判斷是 health warnings highlight the dangers:

  • health warnings:健康警語
  • highlight:強調、凸顯
  • the dangers of smoking:吸菸的危險

警語是主動執行 highlight 的事物,因此選擇現在分詞 highlighting。


選項分析

(A) highlight

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第 65 題

【題組共用題幹】

European politicians are trying to get the UK Government to make cigarette companies print photos on the packets. These photos will show 61 smoking damages your health. The shocking pictures include images of smoke-damaged lungs and teeth, with reminders in large print that smokers die younger.

The picture 62 have been used in Canada for the last four years. It has been very successful and has led to a 44% 63 in smokers wanting to kick the habit. At the moment EU tobacco manufacturers only have to put written health warnings on cigarette packets 64 the dangers of smoking.

The aim of the campaign is to remind people of the damage the deadly weed does to their body. It is believed that this would be to the best interest of all people, 65 teens who might be tempted to start smoking. These dreadful photos may change the impression among teenagers that smoking is cool and sexy.

(A) in fact
(B) rather than
(C) regarding
(D) especially

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 65 題考「副詞/副詞片語的語意判斷」,重點是根據前後文選出能表達「尤其是」的字詞。

題幹關鍵句為:

It is believed that this would be to the best interest of all people, especially teens who might be tempted to start smoking.
人們相信,這項措施符合所有人的最大利益,尤其是那些可能受到誘惑而開始吸菸的青少年。

空格後接名詞片語 teens,句意是從「所有人」中特別指出「青少年」這個族群,因此應填 especially。

解題方法

先觀察句子的邏輯:

  • all people:所有人
  • teens:青少年
  • 前者是範圍較大的整體,後者是其中一個特別值得強調的族群

因此空格需要具有「尤其、特別是」意思的副詞,形成:

all people, especially teens

完整句意為:

人們相信,這項措施符合所有人的最大利益,尤其是可能受到誘惑而開始吸菸的青少年。

所以答案為 (D) especially。

選項分析

(A) in fact
意為「事實上」。通常用來補充事實、加強語氣,例如:

In fact, smoking causes serious health problems.
事實上,吸菸會造成嚴重的健康問題。

若填入句中:

...the best interest of all people, in fact teens...

語意變成「所有人的利益,事實上青少年」,無法表達「青少年是所有人中特別需要強調的一群」,搭配不自然,因此錯誤。

(B) rather than
意為「而不是」,用來表示兩者之間的選擇或對比,通常連接平行結構,例如:

The campaign targets adults rather than children.
這項活動鎖定成年人,而不是兒童。

填入本文後,會變成「所有人的利益,而不是青少年」,與文章想表達的「尤其是青少年」完全相反,因此錯誤。

(C) regarding
意為「關於、就……而言」,屬於介系詞,後面通常接名詞,形成「regarding + 名詞」的結構,例如:

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第 66 題

【題組共用題幹】

All dogs deserve to look and feel their best. After a spa treatment at Happy Puppy, dogs come home 66 pampered and relaxed. At Happy Puppy, your dog can enjoy a half day of care and then be taken to the salon at naptime. Here all the dogs are given a bath using professional shampoo and conditioners in a massaging tub. Their relaxing bath will be 67 a full fluff dry and brush-out. When you arrive for pick-up, your dog will be well-exercised and beautiful.

You can also bring your dog to Happy Puppy and wash it yourself. We supply everything, 68 waist-high tubs, shampoo, and towels. This service is available seven days a week during normal operating hours.

69 Happy Puppy is a relatively new service, we benefit from more than 20 years of experience in breeding and caring for dogs. We are completely 70 to helping dogs enjoy a full and active life. Our well-trained staff will provide the best possible service for you and your dog.

(A) will feel
(B) to feel
(C) have felt
(D) feeling

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 66 題考「感官/狀態動詞後接分詞片語」以及分詞片語的邏輯主詞。

定位句:

After a spa treatment at Happy Puppy, dogs come home 66 pampered and relaxed.

句意為:

在 Happy Puppy 接受美容療程後,狗狗回到家時感覺受到充分寵愛,而且十分放鬆。

句型為:

主詞 + come home + V-ing 分詞片語 + 補語

其中 feeling pampered and relaxed 修飾主詞 dogs,表示狗狗回家時所呈現的狀態。

feel 是連綴動詞,後面可接形容詞或過去分詞作主詞補語:

  • feel happy:感到高興
  • feel relaxed:感到放鬆
  • feel pampered:感到受到寵愛、受到悉心照顧

解題方法

come home 已經是完整的主要動詞,空格後的 pampered and relaxed 是描述狗狗回家時狀態的補充成分,因此最自然的結構是:

dogs come home feeling pampered and relaxed\text{dogs come home feeling pampered and relaxed}

feeling 為現在分詞,表示「在……狀態下回家」或「回家時感到……」,其邏輯主詞與主句主詞 dogs 相同。

完整句子:

After a spa treatment at Happy Puppy, dogs come home feeling pampered and relaxed.

選項分析

(A) will feel

dogs come home will feel pampered and relaxed 文法結構不成立。

will feel 是未來式的完整動詞,前面已有主要動詞 come home,兩個動詞之間缺少連接詞。若要使用 will feel,須改成:

Dogs will come home and will feel pampered and relaxed.

原句沒有 and,因此不能選。

(B) to feel

to feel 是不定詞,可表示目的,例如:

Dogs go to the salon to feel relaxed.

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第 67 題

【題組共用題幹】

All dogs deserve to look and feel their best. After a spa treatment at Happy Puppy, dogs come home 66 pampered and relaxed. At Happy Puppy, your dog can enjoy a half day of care and then be taken to the salon at naptime. Here all the dogs are given a bath using professional shampoo and conditioners in a massaging tub. Their relaxing bath will be 67 a full fluff dry and brush-out. When you arrive for pick-up, your dog will be well-exercised and beautiful.

You can also bring your dog to Happy Puppy and wash it yourself. We supply everything, 68 waist-high tubs, shampoo, and towels. This service is available seven days a week during normal operating hours.

69 Happy Puppy is a relatively new service, we benefit from more than 20 years of experience in breeding and caring for dogs. We are completely 70 to helping dogs enjoy a full and active life. Our well-trained staff will provide the best possible service for you and your dog.

(A) counted on
(B) followed by
(C) turned into
(D) started with

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 67 題考「片語語意與上下文邏輯」。

句型為:

A will be followed by B.
A 之後將接著發生 B。

其中 followed by 是過去分詞片語,表示「接著是……」「之後由……接續」。本句描述狗狗接受放鬆洗澡後,接續進行吹乾與梳毛,符合美容服務的流程。

解題方法

定位第 67 格前後的句子:

Their relaxing bath will be 67 a full fluff dry and brush-out.
它們放鬆的洗澡之後,將接著進行完整的蓬鬆吹乾與梳毛。

句子的主詞是 Their relaxing bath,後方接 a full fluff dry and brush-out,語意必須表達「洗澡之後接著吹乾和梳毛」。

完整句子為:

Their relaxing bath will be followed by a full fluff dry and brush-out.

意思是:

它們放鬆的洗澡之後,將接著進行完整的蓬鬆吹乾與梳毛。

選項分析

(A) counted on

count on 意為「依賴、指望」。
若填入句中:

Their relaxing bath will be counted on a full fluff dry and brush-out.

文法上應為 counted on by someone,表示「被某人依賴」,且語意無法表達洗澡與吹乾梳毛的先後流程,因此錯誤。

(B) followed by

followed by 意為「接著是……」「之後由……接續」。
洗澡之後接著進行吹乾與梳毛,完全符合文章所描述的美容程序,因此正確。

(C) turned into

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第 68 題

【題組共用題幹】

All dogs deserve to look and feel their best. After a spa treatment at Happy Puppy, dogs come home 66 pampered and relaxed. At Happy Puppy, your dog can enjoy a half day of care and then be taken to the salon at naptime. Here all the dogs are given a bath using professional shampoo and conditioners in a massaging tub. Their relaxing bath will be 67 a full fluff dry and brush-out. When you arrive for pick-up, your dog will be well-exercised and beautiful.

You can also bring your dog to Happy Puppy and wash it yourself. We supply everything, 68 waist-high tubs, shampoo, and towels. This service is available seven days a week during normal operating hours.

69 Happy Puppy is a relatively new service, we benefit from more than 20 years of experience in breeding and caring for dogs. We are completely 70 to helping dogs enjoy a full and active life. Our well-trained staff will provide the best possible service for you and your dog.

(A) concerning
(B) showing
(C) including
(D) relating

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「分詞/介系詞的語意與句型搭配」。

題目句型為:

We supply everything, 68 waist-high tubs, shampoo, and towels.
我們供應所有用品,包括及腰高的浴槽、洗毛精與毛巾。

空格後直接接名詞片語,表示「所供應的所有用品包含哪些具體項目」,應使用 including,意為「包括」。

including + 名詞 可置於逗號後,用來補充說明前方名詞的內容:

everything, including A, B, and C\text{everything, including A, B, and C}

意思是「所有東西,包括 A、B 和 C」。

解題方法

先觀察空格前後的結構:

  • 空格前:everything
  • 空格後:waist-high tubs, shampoo, and towels

後方列出的是「everything」所包含的具體物品,因此需要表示「包括」的字。

完整句子為:

We supply everything, including waist-high tubs, shampoo, and towels.

翻譯:

我們供應所有用品,包括及腰高的浴槽、洗毛精與毛巾。

語意完整,文法也符合「including + 名詞」的用法,因此選 (C)。

選項分析

(A) concerning

concerning 意為「關於、涉及」。

例如:

We received a letter concerning the new policy.
我們收到一封關於新政策的信。

代入題目:

We supply everything, concerning waist-high tubs, shampoo, and towels.

意思變成「我們供應所有用品,關於及腰高的浴槽、洗毛精與毛巾」,語意不通。題目需要的是列舉用品,而不是表示「關於」,故錯誤。

(B) showing

showing 是動詞 show 的現在分詞,意為「展示、顯示」。

例如:

The sign is showing the way to the salon.
這個標誌顯示通往美容沙龍的方向。

代入題目:

We supply everything, showing waist-high tubs, shampoo, and towels.

意思變成「我們供應所有用品,展示及腰高的浴槽、洗毛精與毛巾」,句意不符合廣告內容;此處不是「展示」物品,而是說明供應哪些物品,故錯誤。

(C) including

including 意為「包括」,可作介系詞使用,後接名詞或名詞片語。

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第 69 題

【題組共用題幹】

All dogs deserve to look and feel their best. After a spa treatment at Happy Puppy, dogs come home 66 pampered and relaxed. At Happy Puppy, your dog can enjoy a half day of care and then be taken to the salon at naptime. Here all the dogs are given a bath using professional shampoo and conditioners in a massaging tub. Their relaxing bath will be 67 a full fluff dry and brush-out. When you arrive for pick-up, your dog will be well-exercised and beautiful.

You can also bring your dog to Happy Puppy and wash it yourself. We supply everything, 68 waist-high tubs, shampoo, and towels. This service is available seven days a week during normal operating hours.

69 Happy Puppy is a relatively new service, we benefit from more than 20 years of experience in breeding and caring for dogs. We are completely 70 to helping dogs enjoy a full and active life. Our well-trained staff will provide the best possible service for you and your dog.

(A) Although
(B) Because
(C) Once
(D) Until

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 69 題考「讓步副詞子句」與上下文語意判斷。

空格後為完整子句:

Happy Puppy is a relatively new service

主詞為 Happy Puppy,動詞為 is,因此空格須填入能引導完整副詞子句的連接詞。句意必須表達:

「Happy Puppy 雖然是相對較新的服務,卻擁有超過 20 年的繁殖與照護經驗。」

其中「服務較新」與「擁有多年經驗」形成對比,因此使用表示「雖然、儘管」的 Although。

解題方法

定位答案的關鍵句為:

Although Happy Puppy is a relatively new service, we benefit from more than 20 years of experience in breeding and caring for dogs.

翻譯:

雖然 Happy Puppy 是一項相對較新的服務,但我們受惠於超過 20 年的犬隻繁殖與照護經驗。

句型結構為:

Although + 子句, 主句

其中:

  • Although Happy Puppy is a relatively new service:讓步副詞子句
  • we benefit from more than 20 years of experience...:主要子句

前半句承認「服務成立時間較短」的事實,後半句強調「團隊仍具備長期犬隻照護經驗」,前後具有讓步與對比關係,所以答案是 Although。

選項分析

(A) Although

Although 意為「雖然、儘管」,用來引導讓步副詞子句。

Although A, B
雖然 A,但是 B

套入後:

Although Happy Puppy is a relatively new service, we benefit from more than 20 years of experience...

語意為「雖然服務較新,但我們有超過 20 年的經驗」,前後對比自然,文法與語意皆正確。

(B) Because

Because 意為「因為」,用來表示原因。

若套入句中:

Because Happy Puppy is a relatively new service, we benefit from more than 20 years of experience...

意思變成:

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第 70 題

【題組共用題幹】

All dogs deserve to look and feel their best. After a spa treatment at Happy Puppy, dogs come home 66 pampered and relaxed. At Happy Puppy, your dog can enjoy a half day of care and then be taken to the salon at naptime. Here all the dogs are given a bath using professional shampoo and conditioners in a massaging tub. Their relaxing bath will be 67 a full fluff dry and brush-out. When you arrive for pick-up, your dog will be well-exercised and beautiful.

You can also bring your dog to Happy Puppy and wash it yourself. We supply everything, 68 waist-high tubs, shampoo, and towels. This service is available seven days a week during normal operating hours.

69 Happy Puppy is a relatively new service, we benefit from more than 20 years of experience in breeding and caring for dogs. We are completely 70 to helping dogs enjoy a full and active life. Our well-trained staff will provide the best possible service for you and your dog.

(A) devoted
(B) determined
(C) delighted
(D) directed

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「形容詞搭配介系詞」與上下文語意判斷。

空格前為:

We are completely 70 to helping dogs enjoy a full and active life.

句型是:

be devoted to + N/V-ing
致力於……;奉獻於……

此處的 to 是介系詞,因此後面接動名詞 helping,不能接原形動詞。全句語意是「我們全心致力於幫助狗狗享有充實而活躍的生活」。

解題方法

先觀察空格後的 to helping:

  • to 若為不定詞,後面應接原形動詞,例如 to help。
  • 本句使用 to helping,表示 to 為介系詞,後面接動名詞。
  • 能與 to + V-ing 自然搭配,且符合「全心致力於照顧狗狗」語意的選項是 devoted。

定位句:

We are completely devoted to helping dogs enjoy a full and active life.
我們全心致力於幫助狗狗享有充實而活躍的生活。

其中 completely devoted to 表示「完全投入於、全心致力於」,與前文提到的繁殖、照顧及提供美容服務的經驗一致。

選項分析

(A) devoted

devoted 意為「奉獻的、投入的、致力於……的」。

常見搭配:

be devoted to + N/V-ing

例如:

She is devoted to helping animals.
她致力於幫助動物。

放入題目後:

We are completely devoted to helping dogs enjoy a full and active life.

文法正確,語意也符合 Happy Puppy 對狗狗照護的承諾,故為正確答案。

(B) determined

determined 意為「下定決心的、堅決的」。

常見句型為:

be determined to + 原形動詞

例如:

We are determined to help dogs.
我們決心幫助狗狗。

若接動名詞,通常不使用 determined to helping。本句既然已有 to helping,與 determined 的典型搭配不符;語意上也較偏向「決心做某事」,不如 devoted 表達長期投入與奉獻。因此錯誤。

(C) delighted

delighted 意為「非常高興的、欣喜的」。

常見搭配為:

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第 71 題

【題組共用題幹】

Although Grants Pass, Oregon, is a fairly small town, it offers much to amuse summer visitors. Water sports are 71 the most popular tourist attraction. Visitors can go rafting down the Rogue River 72 swimming in the Applegate River. Fishing in the area is another popular activity. Lots of people also go hunting for wild berries that grow along the roadsides. 73, there are lovely, clean campgrounds where campers can park their vehicles. 74 those who prefer to stay in town, Grants Pass offers several nice hotels. In town, tourists can browse through 75 number of interesting shops, such as antique stores and the shop that sells items 76 from Oregon's beautiful myrtlewood. Another fun 77 is shopping at the open market where local folks sell produce grown in their gardens. And 78, Grants Pass has a lot of places to eat, ranging from a low-calorie dessert place to lovely restaurants, some of which offer good food and gorgeous views. 79 you can see, Grants Pass offers a lot to do in the summer. 80 you want to give your family a nice, wholesome vacation, try visiting this charming town.

(A) far from
(B) by far
(C) a bit far
(D) as far

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 71 題考「程度副詞片語」的用法,重點是:

  • by far:遠遠地、迄今為止最……;常與最高級形容詞或副詞連用,表示程度遠超過其他對象。
  • far from:遠離……;也可表示「完全不……」,但後面不能直接接最高級形容詞表達「最受歡迎」。
  • a bit far:有點遠,描述距離。
  • as far:和……一樣遠,通常須搭配 as 組成 as far as。

句中已有最高級 the most popular,因此前面應填能修飾最高級、表示「遠遠地」的 by far。


解題方法

定位關鍵句:

Water sports are 71 the most popular tourist attraction.
水上活動遠遠是最受遊客歡迎的景點。

句型為:

主詞 + be + by far + the most + 形容詞

其中:

  • Water sports 是主詞。
  • are 是連綴動詞。
  • the most popular tourist attraction 是補語,表示「最受歡迎的觀光景點」。
  • by far 修飾最高級 the most popular,強調水上活動的受歡迎程度遠高於其他活動。

完整句意為:

Water sports are by far the most popular tourist attraction.
水上活動無疑是最受遊客歡迎的觀光活動。


選項分析

(A) far from

far from 的基本意思是「遠離……」,例如:

The hotel is far from the city center.
那間飯店離市中心很遠。

它也可表示「完全不是……」,例如:

The task is far from easy.
這項任務一點也不簡單。

填入後成為:

Water sports are far from the most popular tourist attraction.

意思變成「水上活動完全不是最受歡迎的觀光景點」,與文章後文介紹水上活動為最熱門活動的語意衝突,因此錯誤。

(B) by far

by far 表示「遠遠地、顯然」,常置於最高級之前:

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第 72 題

【題組共用題幹】

Although Grants Pass, Oregon, is a fairly small town, it offers much to amuse summer visitors. Water sports are 71 the most popular tourist attraction. Visitors can go rafting down the Rogue River 72 swimming in the Applegate River. Fishing in the area is another popular activity. Lots of people also go hunting for wild berries that grow along the roadsides. 73, there are lovely, clean campgrounds where campers can park their vehicles. 74 those who prefer to stay in town, Grants Pass offers several nice hotels. In town, tourists can browse through 75 number of interesting shops, such as antique stores and the shop that sells items 76 from Oregon's beautiful myrtlewood. Another fun 77 is shopping at the open market where local folks sell produce grown in their gardens. And 78, Grants Pass has a lot of places to eat, ranging from a low-calorie dessert place to lovely restaurants, some of which offer good food and gorgeous views. 79 you can see, Grants Pass offers a lot to do in the summer. 80 you want to give your family a nice, wholesome vacation, try visiting this charming town.

(A) also
(B) but
(C) for
(D) or

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「選擇並列連接詞」及平行結構。

句型為:

can go rafting ... or swimming ...\text{can go rafting ... or swimming ...}

其中 or 連接兩種可選的水上活動:

  • go rafting down the Rogue River:沿著 Rogue River 泛舟
  • go swimming in the Applegate River:在 Applegate River 游泳

前面的 go 可省略,形成:

can go rafting ... or swimming ...

語意是遊客可以選擇泛舟,也可以選擇游泳。

解題方法

定位空格所在句:

Visitors can go rafting down the Rogue River 72 swimming in the Applegate River.
遊客可以沿著 Rogue River 泛舟,或在 Applegate River 游泳。

句中 can 後面列出兩項活動,兩者具有相同的語法功能,都是「go + V-ing」的活動表達:

  • go rafting
  • go swimming

兩項活動之間需要表示選擇關係的連接詞,因此填入 or。

完整句子為:

Visitors can go rafting down the Rogue River or swimming in the Applegate River.

選項分析

(A) also

also 表示「也、還」,用於補充同類資訊,不能自然連接此處的兩項活動。若填入:

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第 73 題

【題組共用題幹】

Although Grants Pass, Oregon, is a fairly small town, it offers much to amuse summer visitors. Water sports are 71 the most popular tourist attraction. Visitors can go rafting down the Rogue River 72 swimming in the Applegate River. Fishing in the area is another popular activity. Lots of people also go hunting for wild berries that grow along the roadsides. 73, there are lovely, clean campgrounds where campers can park their vehicles. 74 those who prefer to stay in town, Grants Pass offers several nice hotels. In town, tourists can browse through 75 number of interesting shops, such as antique stores and the shop that sells items 76 from Oregon's beautiful myrtlewood. Another fun 77 is shopping at the open market where local folks sell produce grown in their gardens. And 78, Grants Pass has a lot of places to eat, ranging from a low-calorie dessert place to lovely restaurants, some of which offer good food and gorgeous views. 79 you can see, Grants Pass offers a lot to do in the summer. 80 you want to give your family a nice, wholesome vacation, try visiting this charming town.

(A) In addition
(B) In due time
(C) For instance
(D) By and large

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 73 題考「語篇連貫」與「轉承副詞片語」的語意判斷。克漏字中的連接語,必須根據前後句的邏輯關係選擇:

  • In addition:此外、另外,用於補充另一項資訊。
  • In due time:到適當時候、經過一段時間後。
  • For instance:例如,用於提出前文概念的具體例子。
  • By and large:大體而言、總的來說,用於概括整體情況。

本句介紹 Grants Pass 的多項夏季旅遊活動,內容依序增加新的景點與活動,因此需要表達「補充」的連接語。

解題方法

先觀察空格前後的內容:

Lots of people also go hunting for wild berries that grow along the roadsides. 73, there are lovely, clean campgrounds where campers can park their vehicles.

翻譯:

許多人也會去尋找生長在路旁的野莓。此外,這裡還有設備優良、乾淨舒適的露營地,露營者可以把車停在那裡。

前一句介紹「採摘野莓」這項活動,後一句再增加「露營地」這項旅遊資源。兩句之間是「補充另一項特色」的關係,因此選 In addition。

選項分析

(A) In addition

意思是「此外、另外」,用來補充前文的新資訊。

放入句中:

In addition, there are lovely, clean campgrounds where campers can park their vehicles.

語意為:

此外,這裡還有美麗、乾淨的露營地,露營者可以把車停在那裡。

前後文為並列補充關係,使用正確。

(B) In due time

意思是「到適當時候」「經過一段時間後」,表示事情隨時間發展而發生。

本段是在列舉 Grants Pass 的旅遊活動與設施,沒有「等待一段時間後」或「日後會發生」的時間概念。使用此片語會使句意變成「經過一段時間後,這裡有露營地」,與上下文不合,因此錯誤。

(C) For instance

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第 74 題

【題組共用題幹】

Although Grants Pass, Oregon, is a fairly small town, it offers much to amuse summer visitors. Water sports are 71 the most popular tourist attraction. Visitors can go rafting down the Rogue River 72 swimming in the Applegate River. Fishing in the area is another popular activity. Lots of people also go hunting for wild berries that grow along the roadsides. 73, there are lovely, clean campgrounds where campers can park their vehicles. 74 those who prefer to stay in town, Grants Pass offers several nice hotels. In town, tourists can browse through 75 number of interesting shops, such as antique stores and the shop that sells items 76 from Oregon's beautiful myrtlewood. Another fun 77 is shopping at the open market where local folks sell produce grown in their gardens. And 78, Grants Pass has a lot of places to eat, ranging from a low-calorie dessert place to lovely restaurants, some of which offer good food and gorgeous views. 79 you can see, Grants Pass offers a lot to do in the summer. 80 you want to give your family a nice, wholesome vacation, try visiting this charming town.

(A) About
(B) For
(C) With
(D) In

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 74 題考的是介系詞 for 的語意與固定用法:

  • for + 人:對於……的人;給……的人
  • those who + 動詞:那些……的人
  • For those who prefer to stay in town:對於偏好留在城鎮住宿的人而言

句型可整理為:

For those who prefer to stay in town, 主詞 + 動詞\text{For those who prefer to stay in town, 主詞 + 動詞}

此處介系詞片語放在句首,作為整句的對象或適用範圍說明。

解題方法

先觀察空格後的結構:

__ those who prefer to stay in town, Grants Pass offers several nice hotels.

空格後接的是 those who prefer to stay in town,意思是「偏好待在城鎮裡的人」。後面的主句是:

Grants Pass offers several nice hotels.
Grants Pass 提供幾家不錯的旅館。

整句要表達:

對於偏好住在城鎮裡的人而言,Grants Pass 提供幾家不錯的旅館。

因此需要使用表示「對於某些人而言」的介系詞 for。

定位答案的原文與翻譯

原文:

For those who prefer to stay in town, Grants Pass offers several nice hotels.

翻譯:

對於偏好留在城鎮裡的人而言,Grants Pass 提供幾家不錯的旅館。

句意與前文形成住宿選擇的對比:

  • 喜歡戶外活動的人,可以住在露營地。
  • 偏好留在城鎮裡的人,則可以選擇旅館。

選項分析

(A) About

about 主要表示「關於、對於某個主題」。

About those who prefer to stay in town

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第 75 題

【題組共用題幹】

Although Grants Pass, Oregon, is a fairly small town, it offers much to amuse summer visitors. Water sports are 71 the most popular tourist attraction. Visitors can go rafting down the Rogue River 72 swimming in the Applegate River. Fishing in the area is another popular activity. Lots of people also go hunting for wild berries that grow along the roadsides. 73, there are lovely, clean campgrounds where campers can park their vehicles. 74 those who prefer to stay in town, Grants Pass offers several nice hotels. In town, tourists can browse through 75 number of interesting shops, such as antique stores and the shop that sells items 76 from Oregon's beautiful myrtlewood. Another fun 77 is shopping at the open market where local folks sell produce grown in their gardens. And 78, Grants Pass has a lot of places to eat, ranging from a low-calorie dessert place to lovely restaurants, some of which offer good food and gorgeous views. 79 you can see, Grants Pass offers a lot to do in the summer. 80 you want to give your family a nice, wholesome vacation, try visiting this charming town.

(A) the
(B) this
(C) a
(D) that

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「數量表達」與固定搭配:

  • a number of + 複數可數名詞:許多、一些;後接複數名詞,語意上表示「數量不少」。
  • the number of + 複數可數名詞:……的數量;強調「數目」,作主詞時動詞通常用單數。
  • this/that number of + 複數名詞:這個/那個數量的……,前提是上下文已經提到明確的數量。

本題句意是遊客可以逛「許多有趣的商店」,因此需要 a number of。


解題方法

先觀察空格後的結構:

browse through 75 number of interesting shops

空格後直接接 number of interesting shops,最常見且符合語意的完整搭配是:

a number of interesting shops

意思是「許多有趣的商店」。

代入全文:

In town, tourists can browse through a number of interesting shops, such as antique stores and the shop that sells items made from Oregon's beautiful myrtlewood.

翻譯:

在鎮上,遊客可以逛逛許多有趣的商店,例如古董店,以及販售以奧勒岡州美麗香桃木製成物品的商店。

「browse through」表示隨意瀏覽、逛閱;後面接「許多商店」最自然,因此選 a。


選項分析

(A) the

組合為:

browse through the number of interesting shops

the number of 的意思是「……的數量」,指的是商店的數目,而不是商店本身。句子變成「遊客可以瀏覽商店的數量」,語意不合。

因此錯誤。

(B) this

組合為:

browse through this number of interesting shops

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第 76 題

【題組共用題幹】

Although Grants Pass, Oregon, is a fairly small town, it offers much to amuse summer visitors. Water sports are 71 the most popular tourist attraction. Visitors can go rafting down the Rogue River 72 swimming in the Applegate River. Fishing in the area is another popular activity. Lots of people also go hunting for wild berries that grow along the roadsides. 73, there are lovely, clean campgrounds where campers can park their vehicles. 74 those who prefer to stay in town, Grants Pass offers several nice hotels. In town, tourists can browse through 75 number of interesting shops, such as antique stores and the shop that sells items 76 from Oregon's beautiful myrtlewood. Another fun 77 is shopping at the open market where local folks sell produce grown in their gardens. And 78, Grants Pass has a lot of places to eat, ranging from a low-calorie dessert place to lovely restaurants, some of which offer good food and gorgeous views. 79 you can see, Grants Pass offers a lot to do in the summer. 80 you want to give your family a nice, wholesome vacation, try visiting this charming town.

(A) to make
(B) make
(C) made
(D) making

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「關係子句簡化」與「過去分詞的被動用法」。

題幹中的完整結構可還原為:

the shop that sells items that are made from Oregon’s beautiful myrtlewood

其中第二個關係子句 that are made from... 修飾前面的 items:

  • items 是被製造的對象,與 make 形成被動關係。
  • 關係代名詞 that 與 be 動詞 are 可省略。
  • are made 簡化為過去分詞 made。

因此形成:

the shop that sells items made from Oregon’s beautiful myrtlewood

be made from 表示「由……製成」,通常指原材料經加工後,外觀或性質已有改變。

解題方法

定位答案的關鍵句為:

In town, tourists can browse through a number of interesting shops, such as antique stores and the shop that sells items made from Oregon’s beautiful myrtlewood.

翻譯:

在鎮上,遊客可以逛逛許多有趣的商店,例如古董店,以及販售由奧勒岡州美麗桃金孃木製成物品的商店。

分析空格前後:

  • items 是名詞
  • 空格後接介系詞片語 from Oregon’s beautiful myrtlewood
  • 語意是「物品是由桃金孃木製成」,所以需要被動形式 be made from
  • 由於此處是修飾名詞 items 的簡化關係子句,使用過去分詞 made

完整還原:

items that are made from Oregon’s beautiful myrtlewood\text{items that are made from Oregon's beautiful myrtlewood}

簡化後:

items made from Oregon’s beautiful myrtlewood\text{items made from Oregon's beautiful myrtlewood}

因此答案為 made。

選項分析

(A) to make

to make 是不定詞,通常表示目的、計畫或未來意味,例如:

items to make

可理解為「要製作的物品」,但後面接 from Oregon’s beautiful myrtlewood 時,語意會變成「物品要從桃金孃木製作」,結構與語意均不自然。

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第 77 題

【題組共用題幹】

Although Grants Pass, Oregon, is a fairly small town, it offers much to amuse summer visitors. Water sports are 71 the most popular tourist attraction. Visitors can go rafting down the Rogue River 72 swimming in the Applegate River. Fishing in the area is another popular activity. Lots of people also go hunting for wild berries that grow along the roadsides. 73, there are lovely, clean campgrounds where campers can park their vehicles. 74 those who prefer to stay in town, Grants Pass offers several nice hotels. In town, tourists can browse through 75 number of interesting shops, such as antique stores and the shop that sells items 76 from Oregon's beautiful myrtlewood. Another fun 77 is shopping at the open market where local folks sell produce grown in their gardens. And 78, Grants Pass has a lot of places to eat, ranging from a low-calorie dessert place to lovely restaurants, some of which offer good food and gorgeous views. 79 you can see, Grants Pass offers a lot to do in the summer. 80 you want to give your family a nice, wholesome vacation, try visiting this charming town.

(A) activity
(B) advice
(C) proposal
(D) sport

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 77 題考「名詞語意與句型搭配」。句型為:

Another fun ___ is shopping at the open market ...

其中主詞是「shopping at the open market」,表示一種有趣的「活動」,因此空格應填 activity。

句型結構:

Another + 形容詞 + 可數名詞單數 + is + V-ing\text{Another + 形容詞 + 可數名詞單數 + is + V-ing}

其中:

  • another:另一個、另外一項
  • fun:有趣的
  • activity:活動
  • shopping at the open market:在露天市場購物,為動名詞片語,作主詞

解題方法

先觀察上下文。文章前文列舉 Grants Pass 的各種休閒內容:

  • water sports:水上運動
  • swimming:游泳
  • fishing:釣魚
  • hunting for wild berries:採摘野生莓果
  • camping:露營
  • browsing through shops:逛商店

第 77 題接續列出另一項適合遊客的休閒內容:

Another fun activity is shopping at the open market where local folks sell produce grown in their gardens.
另一項有趣的活動是在露天市場購物;當地居民會在那裡販售自家花園種植的農產品。

「shopping」本身是一種活動,因此 activity 與語意最吻合。

此外,前面的 Another 表示「另一項」,通常接可數名詞單數,形成:

another activity
另一項活動

完整句意為:

另一項有趣的活動是在露天市場購物,當地居民會在那裡販售自家花園種植的農產品。

選項分析

(A) activity

activity 是「活動、休閒活動」,可指遊客參與的具體事情,例如 swimming、fishing、shopping。

Another fun activity is shopping ...

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第 78 題

【題組共用題幹】

Although Grants Pass, Oregon, is a fairly small town, it offers much to amuse summer visitors. Water sports are 71 the most popular tourist attraction. Visitors can go rafting down the Rogue River 72 swimming in the Applegate River. Fishing in the area is another popular activity. Lots of people also go hunting for wild berries that grow along the roadsides. 73, there are lovely, clean campgrounds where campers can park their vehicles. 74 those who prefer to stay in town, Grants Pass offers several nice hotels. In town, tourists can browse through 75 number of interesting shops, such as antique stores and the shop that sells items 76 from Oregon's beautiful myrtlewood. Another fun 77 is shopping at the open market where local folks sell produce grown in their gardens. And 78, Grants Pass has a lot of places to eat, ranging from a low-calorie dessert place to lovely restaurants, some of which offer good food and gorgeous views. 79 you can see, Grants Pass offers a lot to do in the summer. 80 you want to give your family a nice, wholesome vacation, try visiting this charming town.

(A) fairly
(B) happily
(C) gorgeously
(D) finally

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 78 題考查「語意銜接」與「副詞在段落中的功能」。

前文依序介紹 Grants Pass 的各種夏日活動與景點:

  • 水上活動
  • 釣魚、採野莓
  • 露營
  • 旅館與商店
  • 市集購物

第 78 空格之後接著介紹「用餐地點」,因此需要一個表示「最後、此外最後一項」的副詞,銜接前面列舉的多項休閒活動。

正確答案為 finally。


解題方法

定位第 78 題所在句:

And 78, Grants Pass has a lot of places to eat, ranging from a low-calorie dessert place to lovely restaurants, some of which offer good food and gorgeous views.

翻譯:

而且最後,Grants Pass 有許多用餐地點,從低熱量甜點店到漂亮的餐廳都有,其中有些還提供美味食物與美麗景色。

句首的 And 表示繼續補充景點,空格中的副詞則用來表示列舉接近結尾的項目。前文已經列出多種活動,這裡再補充「吃飯的地方」,因此使用 finally 最符合文章結構。


選項分析

(A) fairly

fairly 是副詞,意思是「相當地、頗為、還算」。

例如:

  • The town is fairly small.
    這個城鎮相當小。

若填入句中:

And fairly, Grants Pass has a lot of places to eat.

語意變成「而且相當地,Grants Pass 有很多用餐地點」,副詞沒有適當修飾對象,句子語意不完整,也無法表達列舉順序,因此錯誤。

(B) happily

happily 是副詞,意思是「快樂地、幸福地」。

例如:

  • The children played happily in the park.
    孩子們快樂地在公園玩耍。

若填入句中:

And happily, Grants Pass has a lot of places to eat.

語意是「而且很快樂地,Grants Pass 有很多用餐地點」,不符合本文客觀介紹觀光景點的語氣,也無法銜接前文的列舉內容,因此錯誤。

(C) gorgeously

gorgeously 是副詞,意思是「華麗地、美麗地」。

題幹中稍後已有:

gorgeous views
美麗的景色

但 gorgeously 通常用來修飾動作或狀態,例如:

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第 79 題

【題組共用題幹】

Although Grants Pass, Oregon, is a fairly small town, it offers much to amuse summer visitors. Water sports are 71 the most popular tourist attraction. Visitors can go rafting down the Rogue River 72 swimming in the Applegate River. Fishing in the area is another popular activity. Lots of people also go hunting for wild berries that grow along the roadsides. 73, there are lovely, clean campgrounds where campers can park their vehicles. 74 those who prefer to stay in town, Grants Pass offers several nice hotels. In town, tourists can browse through 75 number of interesting shops, such as antique stores and the shop that sells items 76 from Oregon's beautiful myrtlewood. Another fun 77 is shopping at the open market where local folks sell produce grown in their gardens. And 78, Grants Pass has a lot of places to eat, ranging from a low-calorie dessert place to lovely restaurants, some of which offer good food and gorgeous views. 79 you can see, Grants Pass offers a lot to do in the summer. 80 you want to give your family a nice, wholesome vacation, try visiting this charming town.

(A) As
(B) Since
(C) Until
(D) Then

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 79 題考的是固定慣用語 As you can see, ...,意思是「如你所見……」「由此可見……」。

句型結構為:

As you can see, + 完整子句

其中:

  • As:如同、正如
  • you can see:你可以看出
  • As you can see:如你所見、由此可見

文章前文列舉 Grants Pass 的各種休閒活動、住宿與餐飲,最後以 As you can see 作總結,表示根據上述資訊可以看出這個城鎮有許多適合夏季從事的活動。

解題方法

定位第 79 格前後的句子:

79 you can see, Grants Pass offers a lot to do in the summer.
如你所見,Grants Pass 在夏季提供許多可以從事的活動。

此處需要一個能與 you can see 組成固定片語,並引導總結語氣的字。只有 As 能構成慣用語 As you can see,因此答案為 (A) As。

完整句子為:

As you can see, Grants Pass offers a lot to do in the summer.

選項分析

(A) As

As you can see 是固定慣用語,意為「如你所見」「由此可見」,用來根據前文資訊做出結論。

本句先列舉水上活動、釣魚、採莓、露營、旅館、購物及餐飲,接著總結 Grants Pass 夏季有許多活動,因此使用 As 完全符合語意與文法。

(B) Since

Since 可表示「自從」或「因為」。

若填入:

Since you can see, Grants Pass offers a lot to do in the summer.

句意會變成「因為你可以看見,Grants Pass 在夏季提供許多活動」,因果關係不自然;Since you can see 也不是本題要表達的固定總結語,因此錯誤。

(C) Until

Until 表示「直到……為止」,用來表達時間界線。

若填入:

Until you can see, Grants Pass offers a lot to do in the summer.

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第 80 題

【題組共用題幹】

Although Grants Pass, Oregon, is a fairly small town, it offers much to amuse summer visitors. Water sports are 71 the most popular tourist attraction. Visitors can go rafting down the Rogue River 72 swimming in the Applegate River. Fishing in the area is another popular activity. Lots of people also go hunting for wild berries that grow along the roadsides. 73, there are lovely, clean campgrounds where campers can park their vehicles. 74 those who prefer to stay in town, Grants Pass offers several nice hotels. In town, tourists can browse through 75 number of interesting shops, such as antique stores and the shop that sells items 76 from Oregon's beautiful myrtlewood. Another fun 77 is shopping at the open market where local folks sell produce grown in their gardens. And 78, Grants Pass has a lot of places to eat, ranging from a low-calorie dessert place to lovely restaurants, some of which offer good food and gorgeous views. 79 you can see, Grants Pass offers a lot to do in the summer. 80 you want to give your family a nice, wholesome vacation, try visiting this charming town.

(A) Where
(B) What
(C) If
(D) That

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 80 題考「條件副詞子句」與連接詞 if 的用法。

題句為:

__ you want to give your family a nice, wholesome vacation, try visiting this charming town.
如果你想給家人一個美好、健康而充實的假期,試著造訪這座迷人的小鎮。

句型結構如下:

If + 主詞 + 現在式動詞, 主句(祈使句)\text{If + 主詞 + 現在式動詞, 主句(祈使句)}

此處:

  • If you want to give your family...:條件副詞子句
  • try visiting this charming town:主句,使用祈使句提出建議

解題方法

先觀察逗號前後的語意:

  • 逗號前:提出一個條件——「如果你想給家人一個美好假期」
  • 逗號後:提出建議——「試著造訪這座迷人的小鎮」

因此需要表示「如果」的條件連接詞 If。

文章前文介紹 Grants Pass 有水上活動、露營地、旅館、商店、露天市場與餐廳,最後以建議句作結。整句語意是「如果你有這項需求,就採取這項建議」,與 if 完全吻合。

選項分析

(A) Where

where 表示「在哪裡、……的地方」,主要引導地點副詞子句或關係副詞子句。

例如:

  • This is the town where many tourists stay.
    這就是許多遊客住宿的城鎮。

代入題句:

Where you want to give your family a nice vacation, try visiting this charming town.

句意會變成「在你想給家人美好假期的地方……」,語意不通,因此錯誤。

(B) What

what 常表示「什麼」,也可引導名詞子句,具有「the thing that」的意思。

例如:

  • I know what you want.
    我知道你想要什麼。

但題句需要的是表示條件的連接詞,且 what 後方的 you want to give your family... 本身已是完整子句,不能用 what 引導。代入後無法形成合理語意,因此錯誤。

(C) If

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其他考古題

113 年亞洲大學的其他科目

亞洲大學《英文》其他年度