亞洲大學 110 年 《英文》

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第 1 題

Animals such as mice, pigeons, and squirrels ____ quite well to living in the city.

(A) adapt
(B) admit
(C) accept
(D) adore

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. 動詞詞義辨析
  2. 固定搭配:adapt to + N/V-ing
  3. 主詞與動詞的一致性

題幹主詞為複數的 Animals,因此空格應填動詞原形。句意是:老鼠、鴿子和松鼠等動物,對於生活在城市中具有良好的適應能力。


題幹定位與翻譯

題幹關鍵句:

Animals such as mice, pigeons, and squirrels ____ quite well to living in the city.

翻譯:

像老鼠、鴿子和松鼠這類動物,對於生活在城市中適應得相當好。

其中 ____ quite well to living in the city 是判斷答案的關鍵。表示「適應……」時,應使用固定搭配:

adapt to + 名詞/動名詞

因此:

adapt to living in the city
適應住在城市中


解題方法

先觀察空格後方的 to living。

此處的 to 是介系詞,後面接動名詞 living,形成:

adapt to + V-ing

adapt 作為動詞時,主要表示「適應、調整以符合新的環境或情況」,常見搭配如下:

  • adapt to the environment:適應環境
  • adapt to changes:適應變化
  • adapt to living alone:適應獨自生活
  • adapt well to urban life:很好地適應都市生活

題幹中的 quite well 修飾 adapt,表示「適應得相當好」,所以應填 adapt。


選項分析

(A) adapt

adapt 意為「適應、調整」。

固定搭配為:

adapt to + 名詞/V-ing

代入後:

Animals such as mice, pigeons, and squirrels adapt quite well to living in the city.

意思是:

像老鼠、鴿子和松鼠這類動物,對於生活在城市中適應得相當好。

語意、搭配與文法皆正確。


(B) admit

admit 意為:

  • 承認
  • 准許進入
  • 接納進入某處

常見用法:

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第 2 題

____ is the practice of intentionally ending life to relieve pain and suffering.

(A) Euthanasia
(B) Eutrophication
(C) Euthanize
(D) Evaporation

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「英文定義辨識」與「詞性判斷」。

題幹描述:

____ is the practice of intentionally ending life to relieve pain and suffering.
「____ 是一種為了減輕疼痛與痛苦,而刻意結束生命的行為。」

其中,intentionally ending life to relieve pain and suffering 是 euthanasia(安樂死) 的定義。

此外,空格位於 is 前方,整體作為句子的主詞,因此需要填入名詞。Euthanasia 正是名詞。

解題方法

先抓住題幹中的定義核心:

  • intentionally ending life:刻意結束生命
  • relieve pain and suffering:減輕疼痛與痛苦

這正是「安樂死」的概念。再依文法判斷,空格後接 is,空格須放置一個可作主詞的名詞:

名詞+is+定義\text{名詞} + \text{is} + \text{定義}

因此選擇表示「安樂死」的名詞 Euthanasia。

題幹定位與翻譯

intentionally ending life to relieve pain and suffering

意思是:

「為了減輕疼痛與痛苦,而刻意結束生命。」

這段直接對應 euthanasia 的語意。

完整句翻譯:

Euthanasia is the practice of intentionally ending life to relieve pain and suffering.

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第 3 題

The insurance companies will ____ the accident victims.

(A) emerge
(B) preclude
(C) compensate
(D) complete

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「動詞字義與語境搭配」。句子的主詞為 insurance companies,受詞為 the accident victims,因此空格需要填入一個能接受人作為受詞,且符合保險公司職責的及物動詞。

句型為:

主詞 + will + 原形動詞 + 受詞

保險公司的主要功能之一,是在事故發生後依保單條款向受害者提供賠償,因此答案應表達「賠償」。

解題方法

定位答案的關鍵句為:

The insurance companies will ____ the accident victims.
保險公司將會__事故受害者。

「保險公司」與「事故受害者」之間最合理的動作是「賠償受害者」,英文搭配為:

compensate someone
賠償某人;補償某人

因此完整句意為:

The insurance companies will compensate the accident victims.
保險公司將會賠償事故受害者。

選項分析

(A) emerge

emerge 意為「出現、浮現、 emerge from……從……出現」。此字通常是不及物動詞,不能直接接受詞。

  • 正確用法:New problems may emerge.
  • 錯誤語意:emerge the accident victims

保險公司不會「出現事故受害者」,文法與語意均不成立。

(B) preclude

preclude 意為「排除、防止、使……不可能」,通常指事先阻止某事發生,常見搭配為:

preclude someone from doing something
阻止某人做某事

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第 4 題

There are some medications that doctors can ____ to help people fight diseases associated with being too heavy.

(A) describe
(B) subscribe
(C) inscribe
(D) prescribe

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查「醫療情境中的動詞辨義」與固定搭配。

句型為:

doctors can ____ medications

can 為情態助動詞,後面接原形動詞;而醫師對病人開立藥物,英文固定使用 prescribe medication。

  • prescribe:開立、處方(藥物)
  • medication:藥物
  • disease:疾病
  • be associated with:與……有關
  • being too heavy:體重過重

解題方法

先觀察空格後面的受詞是 medications,主詞是 doctors。在醫療語境中,醫師能對病人「開立藥物」,最自然的搭配是:

doctors can prescribe medications

完整句意為:

有些藥物是醫師可以開立的,用來幫助人們對抗與體重過重有關的疾病。

此外,can 後面必須接動詞原形,因此四個選項在文法形式上都可以接在 can 後面,真正的判斷關鍵是動詞的語意與搭配。

題幹定位與翻譯

題幹關鍵句:

There are some medications that doctors can ____ to help people fight diseases associated with being too heavy.

翻譯:

有些藥物是醫師可以開立的,用來幫助人們對抗與體重過重有關的疾病。

其中,doctors 是「開藥」的執行者,medications 是被開立的藥物,因此空格應填入 prescribe。

選項分析

(A) describe

describe 是「描述、形容」。

  • doctors can describe medications
    = 醫師可以描述藥物

雖然醫師確實可能描述藥物的作用或副作用,但 describe medications 無法表達「開立藥物」的意思,與後面的治療目的不符,因此錯誤。

(B) subscribe

subscribe 是「訂閱、認購」,常見搭配為:

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第 5 題

An experiment found cat owners typically can’t ____ between their cat’s smell and the odor of another cat.

(A) distinguish
(B) anguish
(C) demolish
(D) polish

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. 動詞字義辨析
  2. 固定搭配:distinguish between A and B
  3. 情態動詞後接原形動詞:can’t + V

句型為:

can’t + 原形動詞 + between A and B

其中 can’t 是 cannot 的縮寫,後面必須接動詞原形,因此空格應填入能表達「辨別、區分」的動詞。


題幹定位與翻譯

題幹關鍵句:

An experiment found cat owners typically can’t distinguish between their cat’s smell and the odor of another cat.

翻譯:

一項實驗發現,貓咪飼主通常無法區分自己貓咪的氣味與另一隻貓的氣味。

between A and B 表示「在 A 與 B 之間」,因此空格中的動詞必須能與 between 搭配,表達「區分 A 與 B」。


解題方法

先觀察空格後方的結構:

____ between their cat’s smell and the odor of another cat

最自然的搭配是:

distinguish between A and B
區分 A 與 B

完整句意為:

貓咪飼主通常無法分辨自己貓咪的氣味與另一隻貓的氣味。

此外,can’t 後方使用動詞原形:

  • can’t distinguish
  • 不可使用 distinguishes、distinguished 或其他非原形形式

因此正確答案為 distinguish。


選項分析

(A) distinguish

distinguish 是動詞,意為「辨別、區分」。

常見用法:

  • distinguish between A and B:區分 A 與 B
  • distinguish A from B:把 A 與 B 區分開來

例句:

It is difficult to distinguish between the two sounds.
很難分辨這兩種聲音。

放入題幹後:

cat owners typically can’t distinguish between their cat’s smell and the odor of ano

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第 6 題

Scientists found that H1N1 is a ____ of viruses from pigs, birds and humans.

(A) coordination
(B) combination
(C) confusion
(D) conclusion

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查「字義辨析」與固定搭配:

Scientists found that H1N1 is a combination of viruses from pigs, birds and humans.

句意為:「科學家發現,H1N1 是來自豬、鳥類與人類的病毒之組合。」

combination 表示「由不同事物組成的混合體、組合」,符合 H1N1 由多種來源的病毒共同形成的語意。

句型為:

a combination of A, B and C
A、B、C 的組合

解題方法

先觀察空格後方的結構:

a ____ of viruses from pigs, birds and humans

空格前有不定冠詞 a,後面接 of viruses,因此需要填入一個可作名詞、且能表達「多種病毒組合」的字。

題幹列出三種來源:

  • pigs:豬
  • birds:鳥類
  • humans:人類

這些不同來源的病毒共同形成 H1N1,因此應選擇表示「組合、混合」的 combination。

題幹定位與翻譯

原文:

Scientists found that H1N1 is a combination of viruses from pigs, birds and humans.

翻譯:

科學家發現,H1N1 是來自豬、鳥類與人類的病毒組合。

其中 a combination of viruses 直接指出「多種病毒的組合」,是判斷答案的關鍵片語。

選項分析

(A) coordination

  • 中文:協調;協調作用;配合
  • coordination 指不同人或事物之間的協調、配合,重點在「使彼此運作順利」。
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第 7 題

Foot-and-mouth disease is an infectious and sometimes fatal viral disease that ____ cloven-hoofed animals, including domestic and wild bovids.

(A) effects
(B) affects
(C) defeats
(D) contacts

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「動詞字義辨析」與關係子句中的語意搭配。

句型為:

Foot-and-mouth disease is an infectious and sometimes fatal viral disease that ____ cloven-hoofed animals.

that 引導關係子句,代替前面的單數名詞 an infectious ... disease,因此空格需要填入第三人稱單數現在式動詞,且語意必須是「感染、影響」。

  • affect:影響;感染
  • affects:影響;感染,第三人稱單數現在式
  • effect:效果、影響,通常作名詞;作動詞時表示「造成、實現」
  • defeat:擊敗;戰勝
  • contact:接觸;聯絡

解題方法

先判斷文法,再判斷語意。

that 所代替的先行詞是單數的 disease,因此動詞需使用第三人稱單數形式:

disease+that+動詞第三人稱單數\text{disease} + \text{that} + \text{動詞第三人稱單數}

四個選項中,形式上符合的動詞包括 affects、defeats、contacts。接著根據疾病與動物的語意搭配判斷:

疾病可以「感染、影響」動物,因此使用 affects。

題幹定位與翻譯

關鍵句為:

Foot-and-mouth disease is an infectious and sometimes fatal viral disease that affects cloven-hoofed animals, including domestic and wild bovids.

翻譯:

口蹄疫是一種具傳染性且有時會致命的病毒性疾病,會感染包括家養與野生牛科動物在內的偶蹄類動物。

其中 that affects cloven-hoofed animals 是定位答案的核心,意思是「會感染偶蹄類動物」。

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第 8 題

When the girls ____ a bear in the forest, they froze like statues, too scared to move or call for help.

(A) encountered
(B) arranged
(C) conducted
(D) defended

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查「動詞字義判斷」與「上下文語意搭配」。

句中描述女孩在森林裡看到熊時,因為太害怕而「像雕像一樣僵住,不敢移動,也不敢呼救」。因此空格需要填入表示「遇到、碰見」的動詞。

正確答案為 encountered。


題幹定位與翻譯

題幹關鍵句:

When the girls ____ a bear in the forest, they froze like statues, too scared to move or call for help.

翻譯:

當女孩們在森林裡遇到一隻熊時,她們嚇得像雕像一樣僵住,害怕到不敢移動,也不敢呼救。

其中:

  • When:當……時
  • the girls:女孩們
  • encountered a bear:遇到一隻熊
  • in the forest:在森林裡
  • froze like statues:像雕像一樣僵住
  • too scared to move or call for help:太害怕而不敢移動或呼救

「遇到熊」與「嚇得僵住」具有明確的因果關係,因此空格應填入 encountered。


解題方法

先觀察句型:

When + 主詞 + 過去式動詞,主詞 + 過去式動詞……

主句中的 froze 是 freeze 的過去式,表示「僵住、凍結」。整句敘述的是過去發生的事件,因此 When 引導的時間副詞子句也要使用過去式。

接著根據語意判斷:

  1. 女孩們在森林裡做了某個動作。
  2. 這個動作導致她們因恐懼而僵住。
  3. 最合理的情境是「遇到一隻熊」。

因此選擇 encountered,其原形為 encounter,過去式為 encountered。


選項分析

(A) encountered

encounter 意為「遇到、碰見,尤其指意外遇到某人或某事物」。

  • encountered a bear:遇到一隻熊
  • 與森林、熊、害怕僵住的情境完全符合。
  • 時態上也符合題幹,因為 encountered 是過去式。

例句:

We encountered several problems during the project.
我們在這項計畫中遇到幾個問題。

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第 9 題

Humans, dogs, elephants, and dolphins are all ____, but birds, fish, and crocodiles are not.

(A) mermaids
(B) mammograms
(C) macadamias
(D) mammals

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. 生物分類與單字辨識
  2. 句意判讀
  3. 主詞與補語的數一致

題幹列出 humans(人類)、dogs(狗)、elephants(大象)和 dolphins(海豚),共同特徵是都屬於 mammals(哺乳類動物)。

哺乳類的主要特徵包括:

  • 以乳腺分泌乳汁哺育幼兒
  • 多數具有毛髮
  • 屬於恆溫動物
  • 以肺呼吸

人類、狗、大象與海豚都符合哺乳類的分類;birds(鳥類)、fish(魚類)和 crocodiles(鱷魚)則分別屬於鳥類、魚類與爬蟲類。

題幹定位與翻譯

題幹關鍵句為:

Humans, dogs, elephants, and dolphins are all ____, but birds, fish, and crocodiles are not.

翻譯:

人類、狗、大象和海豚全都是____,但是鳥類、魚類和鱷魚不是。

前半句列出四種動物的共同分類,後半句再列出不屬於該分類的動物,形成明確的對比。能填入的字必須同時符合「共同生物分類」與「複數名詞」兩項條件,因此答案是 mammals。

文法與語意重點

1. all 的用法

句中的 all 表示「全部、都」,指前面列出的 humans、dogs、elephants 和 dolphins。

句型為:

主詞 + be 動詞 + all + 名詞

例如:

  • They are all students.
    他們都是學生。
  • Cats and lions are all mammals.
    貓和獅子都是哺乳類動物。

2. be 動詞與複數主詞

主詞由多個名詞以逗號及 and 連接,屬於複數主詞,因此使用 are:

Humans, dogs, elephants, and dolphins are all mammals.

空格填入的 mammals 也使用複數形式,與前面的多種動物相符。

3. but 的對比功能

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第 10 題

A ____ animal kills and eats other animals.

(A) predate
(B) predefined
(C) predatory
(D) predictory

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「詞性判斷」與「字義辨析」。

題幹結構為:

A ____ animal kills and eats other animals.
一種 ____ 的動物會殺死並吃掉其他動物。

空格位於名詞 animal 前方,須填入形容詞,用來修飾 animal。根據句意,空格應表示「捕食性的、掠食的」。

predatory 是形容詞,意思是「捕食性的、掠食的」,符合文法與語意。

解題方法

先判斷空格所需詞性:

A + 形容詞 + 名詞\text{A + 形容詞 + 名詞}

題幹中的 animal 是名詞,因此空格應填形容詞。再根據後半句:

kills and eats other animals
殺死並吃掉其他動物

可知是在定義「掠食動物」:

A predatory animal kills and eats other animals.
捕食性動物會殺死並吃掉其他動物。

因此答案為 predatory。

選項分析

(A) predate

predate 通常是動詞,具有以下常見意思:

  1. 早於、先於
  • Dinosaurs predated humans.
    恐龍早於人類出現。
  1. 捕食、以其他動物為食

雖然 predate 的字義可能與「捕食」有關,但它是動詞,不能直接放在 animal 前作為形容詞使用。

錯誤結構:

A predate animal

正確的動詞用法可為:

Some animals predate on smaller animals.
有些動物捕食較小的動物。

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第 11 題

After the ____ of COVID-19, people suffered from injustice and iniquity imposed on them by government.

(A) outcome
(B) inspiration
(C) outbreak
(D) outgoing

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「疾病相關字彙」與「固定搭配」。句型為:

After the ____ of COVID-19, people suffered from injustice and iniquity imposed on them by government.

其中,the ____ of COVID-19 需要填入能與疾病名稱搭配,且符合句意的名詞。

outbreak of + 疾病 是常見搭配,表示「某疾病的爆發、突然流行」。

解題方法

先觀察空格後的 of COVID-19。描述疾病突然發生或大規模流行時,英文通常使用:

  • the outbreak of COVID-19:COVID-19 的爆發
  • the spread of COVID-19:COVID-19 的傳播
  • the emergence of COVID-19:COVID-19 的出現

代入後:

After the outbreak of COVID-19, people suffered from injustice and iniquity imposed on them by government.

意思是:

COVID-19 爆發後,人們承受了政府加諸於他們的不公與不義。

因此空格應填 outbreak。

題幹定位與翻譯

關鍵句為:

After the outbreak of COVID-19, people suffered from injustice and iniquity imposed on them by government.

翻譯:

COVID-19 爆發後,人們承受了政府加諸於他們的不公與不義。

其中 the outbreak of COVID-19 是判斷答案的核心片語。

選項分析

(A) outcome

outcome 是名詞,表示「結果、後果」。例如:

  • the outcome of the election:選舉結果
  • the outcome of the experiment:實驗結果

the outcome of COVID-19 意為「COVID-19 的結果」,不符合「疾病爆發」的語意,因此錯誤。

(B) inspiration

inspiration 是名詞,表示「靈感、鼓舞、啟發」。例如:

  • draw inspiration from nature:從大自然獲得靈感
  • a source of inspiration:靈感來源

the inspiration of COVID-19 不符合疾病發生的語境,也不能表示「疫情爆發」,因此錯誤。

(C) outbreak

outbreak 是名詞,表示「突然爆發、暴發」,常用於疾病、戰爭、暴力或火災等突然發生的事件:

  • an outbreak of flu:流感爆發
  • an outbreak of violence:暴力事件爆發
  • the outbreak of war:戰爭爆發
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第 12 題

Acid rain causes trees to die, reducing natural habitat for animals and resulting in ____ to new areas.

(A) discrimination
(B) drought
(C) migration
(D) assimilation

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「環境變化造成動物行為結果」的語意判斷,以及片語 result in + 名詞 的用法。

題幹描述酸雨使樹木死亡,造成動物的自然棲息地減少,最後導致動物「遷徙到新的區域」。因此空格應填表示「遷移、遷徙」的名詞 migration。

文法上:

  • result in + 名詞/動名詞:導致……
  • result in migration to new areas:導致遷徙到新的區域

題幹定位與翻譯

關鍵句為:

Acid rain causes trees to die, reducing natural habitat for animals and resulting in ____ to new areas.

翻譯:

酸雨造成樹木死亡,減少動物的自然棲息地,並導致牠們遷徙到新的區域。

其中,reducing natural habitat for animals 說明棲息地遭到破壞;resulting in ____ to new areas 則要求填入由棲息地減少所產生的動物行為。符合語意的是 migration。

解題方法

先掌握因果關係:

  1. 酸雨造成樹木死亡。
  2. 樹木死亡使動物的自然棲息地減少。
  3. 動物失去原有棲息地,必須移動到新的區域。

第 3 步所描述的「遷徙」就是 migration。填入後為:

resulting in migration to new areas

句意與文法皆完整。

選項分析

(A) discrimination:歧視、區別對待

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第 13 題

You should call the ____ immediately if your dog vomits frequently or several times in a row.

(A) vegetarian
(B) dentist
(C) clinic
(D) vet

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「語意判斷」與常見搭配語(collocation)。狗頻繁嘔吐時,應立即聯絡提供動物醫療診治的專業人員,即 vet。

題幹關鍵句:

You should call the ____ immediately if your dog vomits frequently or several times in a row.
如果你的狗頻繁嘔吐,或連續嘔吐好幾次,你應該立即打電話給 ____。

其中:

  • call the vet:打電話給獸醫,是自然且固定的英文搭配。
  • vomit frequently:頻繁嘔吐。
  • several times in a row:連續好幾次。
  • immediately:立即、馬上。

解題方法

先由情境判斷:狗出現反覆嘔吐的症狀,需要尋求動物醫療專業協助。因此空格應填與動物診療有關的名詞。

再比較句型:

call the +人員\text{call the }+\text{人員}

題目要表達的是「打電話給獸醫」,所以最自然的答案是 vet。

完整句子為:

You should call the vet immediately if your dog vomits frequently or several times in a row.

翻譯:

如果你的狗頻繁嘔吐,或連續嘔吐好幾次,你應該立即打電話給獸醫。

選項分析

(A) vegetarian

vegetarian 是「素食者」或「素食的」。

把它代入句中:

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第 14 題

Animal ____ drive many animal behaviors, like hibernation and mating seasons.

(A) instancy
(B) interactions
(C) instincts
(D) injections

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. 字彙辨析:判斷哪個名詞符合動物行為的語意。
  2. 文法一致:空格後的動詞是複數形 drive,因此主詞必須是複數名詞。
  3. 語意搭配:題幹提到「冬眠」與「繁殖季節」,需要能驅動這些行為的內在因素。

題幹:

Animal ____ drive many animal behaviors, like hibernation and mating seasons.
動物的____會驅動許多動物行為,例如冬眠和繁殖季節。

其中 drive 作動詞,意思是「驅動、促使、導致」;此處主詞應為複數名詞。


解題方法

先觀察文法:

Animal ____ drive many animal behaviors

因為 drive 沒有加第三人稱單數字尾 -s,所以空格中的主詞須為複數名詞。四個選項中,interactions、instincts、injections 都是複數形式,instancy 則是單數名詞,文法上首先可排除。

接著根據語意判斷。冬眠與繁殖季節屬於動物受到先天性行為傾向及生理機制影響而產生的行為,因此「本能」最符合上下文:

Animal instincts drive many animal behaviors, like hibernation and mating seasons.
動物的本能會驅動許多動物行為,例如冬眠和繁殖季節。


選項分析

(A) instancy

instancy 是名詞,意為「緊急性、迫切性」,屬於單數名詞。即使改成複數形式,意思也不符合動物行為的語境。

  • 文法上:Animal instancy drive 中,單數主詞應搭配 drives,不能搭配 drive。
  • 語意上:冬眠與繁殖季節不是由「迫切性」所驅動。

因此錯誤。

(B) interactions

interactions 意為「互動、交互作用」,是複數名詞,與 drive 的文法搭配正確。

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第 15 題

Tommy has decided to ____ a career in physics and has set his mind on becoming a professor.

(A) pursue
(B) swear
(C) reserve
(D) draft

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「動詞與名詞的固定搭配」及語意判斷。

句型為:

pursue a career in physics
從事物理學相關職業;追求物理學方面的事業

其中 pursue 表示「追求、從事、致力於」,常與 a career、a goal、a dream、a degree 等名詞搭配。

題幹定位

題幹關鍵句為:

Tommy has decided to ____ a career in physics and has set his mind on becoming a professor.

翻譯為:

Tommy 已決定從事物理學方面的職業,並且下定決心要成為教授。

後半句 has set his mind on becoming a professor 表示「已下定決心成為教授」,可幫助判斷 Tommy 正積極追求物理學相關職涯,因此空格應填入表示「追求、從事」的 pursue。

解題方法

先觀察空格後的結構:

____ a career in physics

英文中表示「追求或從事某種職業」時,最自然的搭配是:

pursue a career in + 領域

完整句子為:

Tommy has decided to pursue a career in physics and has set his mind on becoming a professor.

翻譯:

Tommy 已決定追求物理學方面的職涯,並下定決心要成為教授。

文法上,decide to + 原形動詞,因此空格也必須填入原形動詞;四個選項皆符合形式,但只有 pursue 符合語意與搭配。

選項分析

(A) pursue

pursue 意為「追求、致力於、從事」。
pursue a career in physics 是自然且正式的固定搭配,表示「從事物理學相關職業」。放入句中後,語意完整:

Tommy has decided to pursue a career in physics.

因此本選項正確。

(B) swear

swear 意為「發誓、宣誓」,常見搭配為:

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第 16 題

If you are unable to ____ the cost of a vet appointment, you should phone your practice to ask for advice.

(A) win
(B) adore
(C) charge
(D) afford

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查「動詞的語意辨析」以及固定搭配:

  • afford + 名詞:負擔得起……的費用
  • be unable to + 原形動詞:無法……

句型為:

If you are unable to afford the cost of a vet appointment, you should phone your practice to ask for advice.

其中 are unable to 後面必須接原形動詞,四個選項皆符合形式,但只有 afford 符合上下文語意。

解題方法

先判斷句意:

If you are unable to ____ the cost of a vet appointment, you should phone your practice to ask for advice.
如果你無法負擔獸醫預約的費用,應該打電話給你的獸醫診所尋求建議。

句中主詞是「你」,後面接的是 the cost of a vet appointment,表示「獸醫看診的費用」。能與「費用」搭配、表達經濟上無法支付的動詞,就是 afford。

完整句意為:

如果你無法負擔獸醫看診的費用,應該打電話給你的診所尋求建議。

關鍵單字與片語

  • unable to + 原形動詞:無法……
  • afford:負擔得起;支付得起
  • the cost of ...:……的費用
  • vet:獸醫;veterinarian 的口語縮寫
  • appointment:預約;約診
  • vet appointment:獸醫看診預約
  • phone:打電話給
  • practice:診所;在醫療語境中指醫師或獸醫執業的診所
  • ask for advice:尋求建議

選項分析

(A) win

win 意為「贏得、獲勝」,通常搭配:

  • win a game 贏得比賽
  • win a prize 贏得獎項
  • win someone’s trust 贏得某人的信任
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第 17 題

The beer market currently faces its fifth consecutive year of overall volume losses, and the sales of light beers have been consistently ____.

(A) dwindling
(B) expanding
(C) increasing
(D) extending

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「字義判斷」與「語意一致性」,重點在於根據上下文判斷空格所需的動作方向。

題幹指出:

The beer market currently faces its fifth consecutive year of overall volume losses, and the sales of light beers have been consistently ____.

翻譯為:

啤酒市場目前面臨整體銷量連續第五年下滑的情況,而淡啤酒的銷售量也一直持續____。

前半句的關鍵是 overall volume losses,表示「整體銷量損失、總銷量下滑」。因此後半句應填入表示「逐漸減少、持續下滑」的字。


關鍵單字與片語

  • beer market:啤酒市場
  • currently:目前
  • face:面臨
  • fifth consecutive year:連續第五年
  • overall:整體的
  • volume:數量;此處指銷售量
  • losses:損失;此處指銷量下降
  • sales:銷售量;銷售額
  • light beers:淡啤酒、低酒精啤酒
  • consistently:持續地;一貫地

文法與語意重點

主句為:

the sales of light beers have been consistently ____.

主詞是 the sales,為複數,因此使用 have been。空格位於 have been 之後,應填入現在分詞,形成現在完成進行式:

have been+V-ing\text{have been} + \text{V-ing}

此結構表示「從過去持續到現在的動作或狀態」。

副詞 consistently 表示「持續地、穩定地」,因此空格中的動詞必須能與前文的 volume losses 搭配,呈現銷量持續下降的意思。


選項分析

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第 18 題

When an animal no longer exists on earth, it is classified as ____.

(A) terminal
(B) perpetual
(C) extent
(D) extinct

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查「瀕危/滅絕」相關字彙,以及依據上下文判斷詞義。

題幹中的關鍵語意是:

When an animal no longer exists on earth, it is classified as ____ .
當一種動物不再存在於地球上時,牠會被歸類為__。

no longer exists on earth 意為「不再存在於地球上」,這正是 extinct 的定義。

  • extinct:滅絕的;絕種的
    指某一物種的所有個體都已死亡,地球上不再存在該物種。
  • endangered:瀕危的
    指數量大幅減少、面臨滅絕危機,但仍然存在。

解題方法

先抓住題幹的定義描述:

no longer exists on earth

這表示該動物已經完全消失,不是數量減少,也不是暫時無法找到。因此應選擇表示「滅絕的」形容詞。

句型為:

be classified as + 名詞/形容詞

其中 classified as 表示「被歸類為、被判定為」,空格需要填入能描述動物狀態的字。extinct 是形容詞,放入句中語意與文法皆正確:

When an animal no longer exists on earth, it is classified as extinct.

翻譯:

當一種動物不再存在於地球上時,牠會被歸類為滅絕物種。

選項分析

(A) terminal

  • 詞性:形容詞
  • 中文:末端的;終極的;晚期的
  • 例:terminal illness(末期疾病)
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第 19 題

Most ____ bookings with vets can be made over the phone, although some practices now have online systems too.

(A) registration
(B) application
(C) appointment
(D) confirmation

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「醫療就診情境中的字義與固定搭配」。句子談的是向獸醫預約看診,因此空格應填表示「預約」的 appointment,形成常見搭配 appointment booking。

  • appointment:預約;約定的會面或就診時間
  • booking:預約;訂位;預訂
  • appointment booking:就診預約、預約掛號

句型為:

Most appointment bookings with vets can be made over the phone.

其中 Most + 複數名詞 作主詞,後接被動語態:

Most appointment bookings+can be made+over the phone\text{Most appointment bookings} + \text{can be made} + \text{over the phone}

意為「大多數的就診預約都可以透過電話完成」。

解題方法

先抓語境關鍵字:

  • vets:獸醫,veterinarians 的口語說法
  • bookings:預約、預訂
  • over the phone:透過電話

「和獸醫進行的 booking」最合理的內容是「看診預約」,因此選 appointment。題幹定位答案的關鍵句是:

Most appointment bookings with vets can be made over the phone, although some practices now have online systems too.

翻譯:

大多數與獸醫的就診預約都可以透過電話完成,不過有些診所現在也設有線上系統。

後半句的 although 表示讓步:「雖然有些診所已有線上系統,但大多數預約仍可透過電話完成」,進一步確認句子談的是預約方式,而非登記、申請或確認。

選項分析

(A) registration:登記、註冊

registration booking 並非本句自然的固定搭配。

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第 20 題

Dogs with separation ____ are unable to find comfort when they are left alone or separated from their family members.

(A) preference
(B) anxiety
(C) satisfaction
(D) crisis

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「固定搭配」與「語意判斷」。句中所描述的是:狗被單獨留在家中,或與家人分開時,無法獲得安撫。這種因分離而產生的焦慮,英文固定稱為 separation anxiety,中文為「分離焦慮」。

題幹結構為:

Dogs with separation ____ are unable to find comfort when they are left alone or separated from their family members.

其中:

  • Dogs with separation ____:患有分離__的狗
  • are unable to:無法……
  • find comfort:獲得安慰、得到安撫
  • when they are left alone:當牠們被單獨留下時
  • separated from:與……分離
  • family members:家人、家庭成員

空格位於 separation 之後,需填入能與其形成合理名詞片語的名詞。符合語意與固定搭配者為 anxiety。

解題方法

先定位答案線索:

Dogs with separation anxiety are unable to find comfort when they are left alone or separated from their family members.
患有分離焦慮的狗,在被單獨留下或與家人分開時,無法獲得安撫。

句中後半部的 left alone、separated from their family members 都指出「與飼主或家人分開」的情境,並且描述狗因此感到不安、無法平靜。因此空格應填表示「焦慮」的 anxiety。

此外,separation anxiety 是心理學、動物行為學中常見的固定用語,專指個體在與依附對象分離時產生的焦慮反應。完整句意為:

患有分離焦慮的狗,在獨處或與家人分離時,無法獲得安撫。

選項分析

(A) preference「偏好、喜好」

separation preference 並非描述狗因與家人分離而產生的常用搭配。若填入此字,句意會變成「具有分離偏好的狗」,表示狗喜歡分開,與後面的 are unable to find comfort「無法獲得安撫」互相矛盾,因此錯誤。

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第 21 題

Your body holds about 60,000 miles of blood vessels. Along with your heart and other muscles, they make up your ____ system.

(A) circulatory
(B) laryngeal
(C) respiratory
(D) spinal

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查「人體器官與生理系統的英文名稱」,並結合上下文語意判斷。

血管、心臟與相關肌肉共同構成人體的「循環系統」,英文為 circulatory system。循環系統主要負責運送氧氣、養分、荷爾蒙及代謝廢物,使物質能在全身流動。

解題方法

定位題幹中的關鍵句:

Your body holds about 60,000 miles of blood vessels. Along with your heart and other muscles, they make up your ____ system.
人體擁有約六萬英里的血管。這些血管與心臟及其他肌肉共同構成你的__系統。

題幹明確提到:

  • blood vessels:血管
  • heart:心臟
  • muscles:肌肉

血管與心臟共同負責血液循環,因此空格應填入表示「循環的」的形容詞 circulatory,形成固定搭配 circulatory system。

句中的 they 指前面的 blood vessels,而 along with your heart and other muscles 表示「連同你的心臟及其他肌肉一起」。整句意思是這些構造共同組成循環系統。

選項分析

(A) circulatory

circulatory 意為「循環的」,circulatory system 是「循環系統」。

循環系統由心臟、血管及血液等構造組成,負責將血液輸送至全身,因此與題幹所述內容完全吻合。

(B) laryngeal

laryngeal 意為「喉的、喉部的」,與 larynx「喉、喉頭」相關。

喉部屬於發聲及呼吸道的一部分,並非由血管、心臟與肌肉共同構成的系統,因此不符合語意。laryngeal system 也不是本題所要表達的人體主要生理系統名稱。

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第 22 題

The three largest ____ components of pet food are protein, carbohydrate and fat.

(A) anatomy
(B) tissue
(C) nutrient
(D) continuant

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「字義判斷」與「名詞作前置修飾語」的用法。

題幹中的空格位於名詞片語:

the three largest ____ components
三種最大的__成分

「protein、carbohydrate and fat」都是寵物食品中的營養素,因此空格應填 nutrient,形成 nutrient components,意為「營養成分」。

其中 nutrient 可作名詞,表示「營養素」;也可作形容詞或名詞作前置修飾語,表示「營養的、與營養有關的」。

解題方法

先抓句子的主幹:

The three largest ____ components of pet food are protein, carbohydrate and fat.

句型為:

主詞+be動詞+主詞補語\text{主詞} + \text{be動詞} + \text{主詞補語}

主詞是:

The three largest ____ components of pet food

主詞補語是:

protein, carbohydrate and fat

既然後方列出的三者是蛋白質、碳水化合物與脂肪,前方空格必須表達「營養方面的成分」。因此:

nutrient components
營養成分

完整句意為:

寵物食品中三種最大的營養成分是蛋白質、碳水化合物與脂肪。

這裡的 largest 可理解為「所占比例最大的」或「主要的」,不一定單純指體積最大。

題幹定位與翻譯

定位答案的關鍵句就是整個題幹:

The three largest nutrient components of pet food are protein, carbohydrate and fat.

翻譯:

寵物食品中三種最大的營養成分是蛋白質、碳水化合物與脂肪。

後半句直接列出三種營養物質,與 nutrient components 的語意完全一致。

關鍵單字與片語

  • component:成分、組成部分
  • the three largest components:三種最大的成分、三種主要成分
  • pet food:寵物食品
  • protein:蛋白質
  • carbohydrate:碳水化合物
  • fat:脂肪
  • nutrient:營養素;營養的、與營養有關的
  • anatomy:解剖學;身體構造
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第 23 題

In case the patient is in critical condition, the triage nurse will directly send the patient to the ____ for rescue.

(A) dormitory
(B) restroom
(C) emergency room
(D) clinic

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查醫療情境中的單字辨識與語意判斷。句意是:若病人處於危急狀況,檢傷分類護理師會直接將病人送往某處接受救治。

關鍵在於:

  • critical condition:危急狀況、病情危重
  • triage nurse:檢傷分類護理師
  • directly send A to B:直接將 A 送往 B
  • for rescue:接受救援、救治

病人處於危急狀況時,應送往具備緊急處置能力的「急診室」,因此空格需填入 emergency room。

解題方法

先抓句中的情境線索:

In case the patient is in critical condition, the triage nurse will directly send the patient to the ____ for rescue.
如果病人處於危急狀況,檢傷分類護理師會直接將病人送往__接受救治。

其中 critical condition 表示病情危急;triage nurse 的職責是依病情輕重進行檢傷分類,並將危急病人送至適當的醫療場所。能處理緊急、危重病人的地點是 emergency room(急診室)。

因此完整句為:

In case the patient is in critical condition, the triage nurse will directly send the patient to the emergency room for rescue.

選項分析

  • (A) dormitory:宿舍。宿舍是供人住宿的地方,沒有醫療救治功能,與 critical condition 及 for rescue 的語意不合。
  • (B) restroom:洗手間、廁所。洗手間不是醫療處置場所,病危患者不會被送往此處接受救治,故錯誤。
  • (C) emergency room:急診室。
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第 24 題

He made a good recovery after ____ to remove a brain tumor.

(A) surgeon
(B) boundary
(C) analysis
(D) surgery

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「字義辨析」與「介系詞後接名詞」的用法。

句型為:

after + 名詞

空格前有介系詞 after,後面需要填入一個能表示「接受腦瘤切除手術」的名詞。四個選項中,只有 surgery 表示「手術」,符合句意與文法。

解題方法

先觀察句子結構:

He made a good recovery after ____ to remove a brain tumor.

after 後方需要名詞,整體語意應為:

他在接受切除腦瘤的手術後,恢復得很好。

其中 to remove a brain tumor 是不定詞片語,修飾前面的名詞 surgery,表示「為了切除腦瘤而進行的手術」。

完整句子為:

He made a good recovery after surgery to remove a brain tumor.

題幹定位與翻譯

關鍵句:

He made a good recovery after surgery to remove a brain tumor.

翻譯:

他在接受切除腦瘤的手術後,恢復得很好。

選項分析

  • (A) surgeon

surgeon 是名詞,意為「外科醫師、外科醫生」,指執行手術的人。

若填入句中:

after surgeon

會變成「在外科醫師之後」,語意不完整;若要表示「在外科醫師進行手術後」,需改為 after the surgeon operated 等完整結構。因此不符合本題語意。

  • (B) boundary

boundary 意為「邊界、界線」,常用於地理範圍、限制或抽象界線。

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第 25 題

A particular ____ is responsible for the inheritance of eye color.

(A) virus
(B) gene
(C) cell
(D) genra

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題結合「生物學基本概念」與「英文語意判斷」,考查眼睛顏色遺傳所涉及的生物單位,以及片語 be responsible for 的用法。

**Gene(基因)**是位於染色體上的遺傳基本單位,通常由 DNA 片段構成,能透過遺傳影響生物的性狀,例如眼睛顏色、血型與某些疾病的易感性。

題幹中的 a particular gene 意為「某一特定基因」,符合眼睛顏色由遺傳因素決定的語意。

題幹定位與翻譯

A particular ____ is responsible for the inheritance of eye color.

翻譯:

某一特定的__負責眼睛顏色的遺傳。

關鍵片語:

  • particular:特定的、某一個特別的
  • be responsible for:對……負責;造成、導致……
  • inheritance:遺傳
  • eye color:眼睛顏色

句型結構為:

A particular + 可數名詞單數 + is responsible for + 名詞\text{A particular + 可數名詞單數 + is responsible for + 名詞}

空格前有不定冠詞 a,因此空格應填入「可數名詞單數」。在語意上,能直接負責遺傳眼睛顏色的生物學單位是 gene。

解題方法

先從語意判斷空格所需的概念:

  1. 題幹談的是 inheritance of eye color,也就是「眼睛顏色的遺傳」。
  2. 遺傳性狀的基本單位是「基因」。
  3. 因此空格填入 gene 後,句意完整:

A particular gene is responsible for the inheritance of eye color.
某一特定基因負責眼睛顏色的遺傳。

選項分析

(A) virus

virus 意為「病毒」。

病毒能感染細胞並利用宿主細胞進行複製,但病毒不是決定眼睛顏色遺傳的基本單位。填入後為:

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第 26 題

Plants ____ rain to grow and produce food for animals and humans.

(A) requires
(B) to require
(C) is requiring
(D) require

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:主詞與動詞一致,以及現在簡單式

本題考「主詞與動詞的數一致」及「現在簡單式」的用法。

題幹主詞為 Plants,是複數名詞,意思是「植物」。描述植物生長及製造食物的一般性事實,因此使用現在簡單式。現在簡單式中:

  • 單數主詞:動詞通常加 -s,如 requires
  • 複數主詞:動詞使用原形,如 require

因此,複數主詞 Plants 後面應接動詞原形 require。

解題方法

先找句子的主詞與主要動詞:

Plants ____ rain to grow and produce food for animals and humans.

  • 主詞:Plants(複數)
  • 空格:主要動詞
  • 語意:植物需要雨水才能生長,並為動物與人類製造食物

因為主詞是複數,且句子表達一般性事實,所以空格應填現在簡單式的複數動詞原形 require。

完整句子為:

Plants require rain to grow and produce food for animals and humans.

翻譯:

植物需要雨水才能生長,並為動物和人類製造食物。

題幹中定位答案的關鍵為:

Plants ____ rain

「Plants」是複數主詞,故動詞不能使用單數形式 requires,而應使用原形 require。

選項分析

(A) requires

錯誤。requires 是現在簡單式的第三人稱單數形式,適用於 a plant、the plant 或 it 等單數主詞。

例如:

A plant requires rain.

但本題主詞是複數 Plants,因此應使用 require,不能使用 requires。

(B) to require

錯誤。to require 是不定詞,通常不能直接作為本句的主要限定動詞。題幹需要一個能配合主詞、表達現在事實的主要動詞,因此應填 require。

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第 27 題

____ you get to vet school, you will be surrounded by smart and capable students.

(A) Hence
(B) Once
(C) Although
(D) Twice

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「時間副詞子句」與連接詞的語意判斷。

句型為:

Once + 主詞 + 現在式,主詞 + will + 原形動詞

其中 once 作為從屬連接詞,表示「一……就……;當……之後」。雖然主句使用未來式,時間副詞子句通常使用現在簡單式表示未來時間,不使用 will get。


題幹定位與翻譯

題幹:

____ you get to vet school, you will be surrounded by smart and capable students.

翻譯:

一旦你進入獸醫學校,就會被聰明且有能力的學生包圍。

空格後的完整結構是 you get to vet school,此處需要填入能表示「一……就……」的時間連接詞,因此選 Once。


解題方法

先觀察句意:

  1. 「進入獸醫學校」是先發生的事件。
  2. 「被聰明且有能力的學生包圍」是接著發生的結果。
  3. 前後具有明確的時間先後關係,並非因果、轉折或次數關係。

因此應使用表示時間條件的 once:

Once you get to vet school, you will be surrounded by smart and capable students.

此句中的 get 使用現在簡單式,符合時間副詞子句表達未來的規則;主句使用 will be surrounded,表示未來將會發生的情況。


選項分析

(A) Hence

Hence 是副詞,意思是「因此;所以;從此以後」。它通常用來承接前文的原因或推論,不能自然地放在此處引導完整的時間副詞子句。

錯誤句:

Hence you get to vet school, you will be surrounded by smart and capable students.

題幹沒有提供前因,也不是在進行推論,因此語意不成立。


(B) Once

Once 作從屬連接詞時,意思是「一旦……;當……之後」。它能引導時間副詞子句,表達某件事發生後,另一件事隨即發生。

正確句:

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第 28 題

One of the study's most provocative findings was that cat people scored higher on intelligence ____ dog people.

(A) to
(B) then
(C) than
(D) rather

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考比較級句型:

A+動詞+比較級+than+B\text{A}+\text{動詞}+\text{比較級}+\text{than}+\text{B}

其中 higher 是形容詞或副詞 high 的比較級,表示「較高的、較高地」;當句子比較兩個人或群體的表現時,後面通常使用 than,表示「比……」。

題幹中的結構為:

cat people scored higher on intelligence than dog people

意思是「喜歡貓的人在智力測驗上的得分比喜歡狗的人高」。

解題方法

先找出句子的比較結構:

  • 比較對象一:cat people
  • 比較內容:scored higher on intelligence
  • 比較對象二:dog people

句中已有比較級 higher,因此後面要接比較連接詞 than:

scored higher+than\text{scored higher}+\text{than}

完整句意為:

One of the study's most provocative findings was that cat people scored higher on intelligence than dog people.

翻譯:

這項研究最具爭議、最引人注目的發現之一,是喜歡貓的人在智力方面的得分比喜歡狗的人高。

因此空格應填 than。

選項分析

(A) to

to 常表示「到、向、對於」,也可用於某些固定比較結構,例如:

  • inferior to:比……差
  • superior to:優於……
  • equal to:等於……

但 higher 的標準比較句型是 higher than,不能說 scored higher to dog people。因此錯誤。

(B) then

then 表示「那時、接著、然後」,用來表示時間或順序,例如:

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第 29 題

After spending most of her salary on rent and food, Amy ____ had any money left for entertainment and other expenses.

(A) barely
(B) fairly
(C) usually
(D) readily

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「副詞的語意判斷」與副詞在句中的位置。

句型為:

After spending most of her salary on rent and food, Amy ____ had any money left for entertainment and other expenses.

其中:

  • barely:幾乎不、勉強、僅僅
  • fairly:相當地、頗
  • usually:通常
  • readily:容易地、樂意地、立即地

題幹描述 Amy 的大部分薪水都花在房租與食物上,因此她剩下的錢非常少,幾乎沒有錢可用於娛樂及其他支出。

解題方法

先抓因果關係:

After spending most of her salary on rent and food
在把大部分薪水花在房租和食物上之後

既然大部分薪水已經用掉,主句應表達「幾乎沒有剩餘金錢」:

Amy barely had any money left for entertainment and other expenses.
Amy 幾乎沒有剩下任何錢可用於娛樂和其他支出。

barely 放在主要動詞 had 前面,修飾「擁有剩餘金錢」這件事,表示數量極少、接近於零。

選項分析

  • (A) barely:正確。
    barely had any money left 表示「幾乎沒有剩下錢」。前句說她花掉大部分薪水,與本選項的語意完全一致。

  • (B) fairly:錯誤。
    fairly 表示「相當地、頗」,通常用來修飾形容詞或副詞,例如 fairly expensive(相當昂貴)、fairly quickly(相當快地)。

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第 30 題

The human brain is ____ than the brains of the animals.

(A) as larger
(B) larger
(C) largest
(D) more large

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「形容詞比較級」的用法。句中出現比較級標誌 than,表示將人類的大腦與動物的大腦進行比較,因此空格須填入形容詞 large 的比較級:

large→larger\text{large} \rightarrow \text{larger}

基本句型為:

A+be動詞+形容詞比較級+than+BA+\text{be動詞}+\text{形容詞比較級}+than+B

題幹定位與翻譯

題幹關鍵句:

The human brain is ____ than the brains of the animals.

翻譯為:

人類的大腦比動物的大腦更大。

其中 than 是比較級的明確提示詞,因此空格要填 larger。

關鍵單字與片語

  • human:人類的;人類
  • brain:大腦
  • animal:動物
  • the brains of the animals:動物的大腦
  • large:大的
  • larger than:比……大
  • than:比,用於比較句

解題方法

先觀察句型:

The human brain is ‾ than the brains of the animals.\text{The human brain is } \underline{\quad} \text{ than the brains of the animals.}

空格後方有 than,判斷本句為「兩者比較」,須使用比較級。

形容詞 large 為單音節形容詞,字尾加 -r 形成比較級:

large+r=larger\text{large}+\text{r}=\text{larger}

完整句子為:

The human brain is larger than the brains of the animals.

選項分析

(A) as larger

錯誤。as ... as 是原級比較句型,表示「和……一樣……」,例如:

The human brain is as large as the animal brain.

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第 31 題

Nearly all of the 19 subpopulations of polar bears would face being wiped out ____ the loss of sea ice would force the animals onto land and away from their food supplies for longer periods.

(A) hence
(B) because
(C) even though
(D) because of

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:because 後接完整子句;because of 後接名詞或名詞片語。空格後「the loss of sea ice would force...」含主詞與動詞,是完整子句,故填 because。

句意:幾乎所有北極熊的 19 個亞群都將面臨滅絕,因為海冰消失會迫使牠們登陸,長時間遠離食物來源。

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第 32 題

Animals don't appear to play a significant role in ____ the virus that causes COVID-19.

(A) spreading
(B) spread
(C) to spread
(D) spreaded

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查固定搭配 play a role in + V-ing:

play a significant role in spreading the virus

其中:

  • play a role in...:在……方面扮演角色、對……有所作用
  • play a significant role in...:在……方面扮演重要角色
  • 介系詞 in 後面若接動詞,必須使用動名詞 V-ing。

因此,空格應填入 spreading。

題幹定位與翻譯

題幹關鍵句:

Animals don't appear to play a significant role in spreading the virus that causes COVID-19.

翻譯:

動物似乎沒有在傳播導致 COVID-19 的病毒這件事上扮演重要角色。

句中結構如下:

  • Animals:主詞,動物
  • don't appear to...:似乎沒有……
  • play a significant role in...:在……方面扮演重要角色
  • spreading the virus:傳播病毒
  • that causes COVID-19:導致 COVID-19 的,修飾 the virus

解題方法

先辨認空格前的介系詞:

play a significant role in _____

介系詞 in 後方若接動詞,須改為動名詞形式:

介系詞+V-ing\text{介系詞}+\text{V-ing}

因此:

in+spreading\text{in}+\text{spreading}

形成正確片語:

play a significant role in spreading the virus

選項分析

(A) spreading

正確。

spreading 是動詞 spread 的動名詞,符合介系詞 in 後接 V-ing 的文法規則。

play a significant role in spreading the virus
在傳播病毒方面扮演重要角色

(B) spread

錯誤。

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第 33 題

____ I would like you to work on is the revision exercise on the website.

(A) Who
(B) That
(C) How
(D) What

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「名詞子句」與疑問代名詞 what 的用法。

句子的基本結構是:

[What I would like you to work on] is the revision exercise on the website.\text{[What I would like you to work on]} \text{ is } \text{the revision exercise on the website.}

方括號內的 What I would like you to work on 是一個名詞子句,整體作為主詞;其中 what 本身代替「事物」,並充當片語 work on 的受詞。

  • would like + 人 + to V:希望某人做某事
  • work on + 事物:著手處理、做某件事
  • what + 子句:……的事物、……的東西

因此,句意為:

「我希望你處理的事情,就是網站上的修訂練習。」

解題方法

先觀察空格後的子句:

I would like you to work on

其中:

  • 主詞:I
  • 動詞:would like
  • 受詞:you
  • 受詞補語:to work on
  • work on 後面缺少受詞

因為 work on 必須接「處理的對象」,所以空格中的字必須能指代一件事物,並補足 on 的受詞。

將 what 放入後:

What I would like you to work on is the revision exercise on the website.

此時 what 代表「你所處理的事物」,文法完整;整個 What 子句 作主詞,後面的 the revision exercise 是主詞補語。

題幹定位與翻譯

原句:

____ I would like you to work on is the revision exercise on the website.

填入答案後:

What I would like you to work on is the revision exercise on the website.

翻譯:

我希望你處理的是網站上的修訂練習。

選項分析

(A) Who

Who 是疑問代名詞,指「誰」,通常用來指人。

若填入:

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第 34 題

In the veterinary course, you are expected to spend 90 per cent of your holidays ____ extra experience on farms, in stables, veterinary clinics and elsewhere.

(A) gain
(B) to gain
(C) gaining
(D) gained

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考兩個文法與語意重點:

  1. spend + 時間/金錢 + V-ing

表示「花費時間做某事」:

spend+時間+V-ing\text{spend}+\text{時間}+\text{V-ing}

例如:

  • spend two hours reading:花兩小時閱讀
  • spend money buying books:花錢買書
  1. gain experience 是固定搭配,表示「獲得經驗」。題目中的 spend ... gaining extra experience 意為「花時間獲得額外經驗」。

題幹定位與翻譯

關鍵句為:

In the veterinary course, you are expected to spend 90 per cent of your holidays ____ extra experience on farms, in stables, veterinary clinics and elsewhere.

翻譯:

在獸醫課程中,學校預期你將把假期的百分之九十花在農場、馬廄、獸醫診所及其他地方,以獲得額外經驗。

空格位於 spend 90 per cent of your holidays 之後,因此必須接 V-ing,形成:

spend 90 per cent of your holidays gaining extra experience

解題方法

先找出主要句型:

spend 90 per cent of your holidays ____ extra experience

其中:

  • 90 per cent of your holidays 是 spend 的受詞,表示「假期的百分之九十」。
  • 空格則說明這些時間花在「做什麼事」。
  • spend + 時間 + V-ing 是固定句型,因此空格填現在分詞 gaining。

完整結構如下:

spend + 90 per cent of your holidays + gaining extra experience

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第 35 題

If the physical exam reveals that your dog has a heart murmur, your veterinarian ____ want to investigate further with chest x-rays.

(A) will
(B) would
(C) would have
(D) had

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:第一類條件句與情態助動詞

題目考查「條件句」的時態搭配,以及助動詞 will 後面接原形動詞的用法。

基本句型為:

If + 主詞 + 現在簡單式,主詞 + will + 原形動詞\text{If + 主詞 + 現在簡單式,主詞 + will + 原形動詞}

此句表示:條件成立後,某件事將會發生,或某人將會採取某個行動。

題幹中的條件為:

If the physical exam reveals that your dog has a heart murmur

其中 reveals 是現在簡單式,表示身體檢查結果顯示某項事實。主要子句應使用 will + 原形動詞:

your veterinarian will want to investigate further

因此答案為 will。


解題方法

先找出句子的兩個部分:

  • If 子句:If the physical exam reveals ...
  • 主要子句:your veterinarian ____ want ...

If 子句使用現在簡單式 reveals,而主要子句表達「在這個條件成立後,獸醫將會想進一步檢查」,最自然的搭配是:

If + 現在簡單式,will + 原形動詞\text{If + 現在簡單式,will + 原形動詞}

填入後:

If the physical exam reveals that your dog has a heart murmur, your veterinarian will want to investigate further with chest x-rays.


題幹定位與翻譯

定位答案的關鍵句為:

If the physical exam reveals that your dog has a heart murmur, your veterinarian will want to investigate further with chest x-rays.

翻譯:

如果身體檢查顯示你的狗有心雜音,獸醫將會想利用胸部 X 光進一步查明情況。

關鍵單字與片語:

  • physical exam:身體檢查
  • reveal:顯示、揭露
  • heart murmur:心雜音
  • veterinarian:獸醫
  • want to + 原形動詞:想要……
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第 36 題

You can go to the hospital ____ illness.

(A) in the case
(B) in case
(C) in case of
(D) in the case of

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「表示情況或條件的片語」:

  • in case + 子句(S + V):以防、萬一……
  • in case of + 名詞:如果發生……、遇到……時
  • in the case of + 名詞:就某一特定案例而言;在……的個案中

題幹空格後接的是名詞 illness,不是完整子句,因此應選用能直接接名詞的片語 in case of。

解題方法

題幹為:

You can go to the hospital ____ illness.
你在生病的情況下可以去醫院。

觀察空格後的 illness:

  1. illness 是名詞,意為「疾病、生病」。
  2. 若要表達「如果生病/遇到疾病時」,可使用:
in case of+名詞\text{in case of} + \text{名詞}

因此完整句為:

You can go to the hospital in case of illness.
如果生病,你可以去醫院。

選項分析

(A) in the case

in the case 後通常需要接 of + 名詞,或在特定上下文中指「在這個案例中」。本題直接接 illness,形成:

in the case illness

結構不完整,缺少介系詞 of,故錯誤。

(B) in case

in case 作為連接詞時,後面通常接完整子句:

in case + 主詞 + 動詞

例如:

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第 37 題

Cats are so cute ____ you would love watching them play and going about their business.

(A) that
(B) for
(C) which
(D) to

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「結果副詞子句」的句型:

主詞+be+so+形容詞+that+結果子句\text{主詞}+\text{be}+\text{so}+\text{形容詞}+\text{that}+\text{結果子句}

其中:

  • so + 形容詞/副詞:如此……、非常……
  • that + 完整子句:以致於……、結果……
  • that 所引導的子句,說明前面「如此可愛」所造成的結果。

題幹結構如下:

Cats are so cute that you would love watching them play and going about their business.

前半句為原因或程度:

  • Cats are so cute
  • 貓咪如此可愛

後半句為結果:

  • you would love watching them play and going about their business
  • 你會很喜歡看著牠們玩耍、做自己的事

因此空格必須填入 that。


解題方法

先觀察空格前後的結構:

  • 空格前:Cats are so cute
  • 空格後:you would love watching them play and going about their business

空格後具有完整的主詞 you 與動詞 would love,是一個完整子句。前方又出現固定搭配 so cute,因此判斷為:

so+形容詞+that+完整結果子句\text{so}+\text{形容詞}+\text{that}+\text{完整結果子句}

完整句意為:

貓咪如此可愛,以致於你會很喜歡看牠們玩耍、做自己的事。


關鍵單字與片語

  • cat:貓
  • cute:可愛的
  • would love + V-ing:會很喜歡……
  • watch + 受詞 + 原形動詞:觀看某人/某物做某事
  • watching them play:看牠們玩耍
  • go about one’s business:做自己的事、忙自己的事
  • business:事情、日常活動;此處不是「生意」

題幹中的 watching them play and going about their business 是兩個並列的動名詞片語,皆作 love 的受詞:

  • watching them play
  • going about their business

選項分析

(A) that

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第 38 題

____ coffee at the corner coffee shop did I realize that I left my wallet at home.

(A) I ordered
(B) Not until I ordered
(C) Until I not ordered
(D) Until I ordered

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:否定副詞片語置於句首的倒裝句

本題考「Not until... 置於句首時,主句必須使用部分倒裝」的文法。

原句可還原為:

I did not realize that I left my wallet at home until I ordered coffee at the corner coffee shop.

意思是:

直到我在街角咖啡店點了咖啡,我才發現自己把錢包留在家裡。

當 Not until + 時間或事件子句 置於句首時,主句必須將助動詞 did 提到主詞 I 前面:

Not until + 子句 + did + 主詞 + 原形動詞\text{Not until + 子句 + did + 主詞 + 原形動詞}

因此句型為:

Not until I ordered coffee at the corner coffee shop did I realize that I left my wallet at home.


解題方法

先觀察空格後面的結構:

____ coffee at the corner coffee shop did I realize ...

主句已經出現:

did I realize

這是「助動詞 + 主詞 + 原形動詞」的倒裝結構,表示前面的空格必須放入能引發倒裝的否定或限制性片語。

最適合的片語是:

Not until I ordered

完整句子為:

Not until I ordered coffee at the corner coffee shop did I realize that I left my wallet at home.

其中:

  • Not until I ordered coffee...:直到我點了咖啡才……
  • did I realize:我才意識到
  • that I left my wallet at home:我把錢包留在家裡

題幹定位句與翻譯

定位答案的關鍵句為:

Not until I ordered coffee at the corner coffee shop did I realize that I left my wallet at home.

翻譯:

直到我在街角咖啡店點了咖啡,我才發現自己把錢包留在家裡。

句中的 Not until 表示「直到……才……」,而句首的否定片語使主句形成倒裝:

did I realize


選項分析

(A) I ordered

填入後為:

I ordered coffee at the corner coffee shop did I realize...

錯誤原因:

  1. I ordered 本身是完整子句,但前面沒有連接詞可連接後面的 did I realize。
  2. 句子變成兩個主要動詞結構直接相連:
  • I ordered...
  • did I realize...
  1. 缺少表示「直到……才……」的 not until,語意也不完整。

正確的普通語序應是:

I did not realize ... until I ordered coffee...


(B) Not until I ordered

填入後為:

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第 39 題

We hardly ever saw our cousins ____ living nearly each other.

(A) however
(B) despite
(C) although
(D) even though

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:讓步語氣與連接詞的句型

本題考查表示「雖然、儘管」的讓步用語,以及它們後面所接的結構。

題幹為:

We hardly ever saw our cousins ____ living nearly each other.
我們幾乎從未見過表親,儘管住得彼此很近。

空格後是 living,屬於動名詞片語,並非完整子句。因此,應選擇能直接接動名詞片語的讓步介系詞:

despite + V-ing

此外,題幹中的 nearly each other 用法不自然;依語意應為 near each other,表示「彼此住得很近」。此處不影響空格所考的文法判斷。

解題方法

先觀察空格後的結構:

living nearly each other

其中 living 是動名詞,後面沒有主詞與完整限定動詞,因此整體不是完整子句。

各讓步用語的基本句型如下:

  • despite + 名詞/代名詞/V-ing
  • although + 主詞 + 動詞
  • even though + 主詞 + 動詞
  • however 通常作副詞,表示「然而」,不能直接接在此處形成正確句型

因此:

We hardly ever saw our cousins despite living near each other.

句意是「儘管住得彼此很近,我們卻幾乎從未見過表親」,語意與文法皆成立。

選項分析

(A) however

however 是副詞,主要表示「然而、不過」,通常用來連接兩個獨立子句,例如:

We lived near each other. However, we hardly ever met.

不能直接放在題幹中形成:

saw our cousins however living ...

此結構不符合標準英文句型,因此錯誤。

(B) despite

despite 是介系詞,表示「儘管」,後面可接名詞、代名詞或動名詞:

despite + 名詞
despite + V-ing

題幹中 living 為動名詞,完全符合:

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第 40 題

Adults have an average of 2–3 colds per year, and children have even ____.

(A) few
(B) most
(C) many
(D) more

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. 可數名詞的比較級用法
  2. 副詞 even 加強比較級的語意
  3. 省略句(ellipsis)

題幹中的 colds 是可數名詞,表示「感冒次數」。完整句意為:

Adults have an average of 2–3 colds per year, and children have even more colds per year.

其中後半句省略了前面已出現的 per year 與 colds,完整意思是「兒童每年的感冒次數甚至更多」。

解題方法

先判斷比較對象:

  • 成人:每年平均感冒 22 至 33 次
  • 兒童:每年的感冒次數比成人更多

「更多」應使用 many 的比較級 more。由於 colds 是可數名詞複數,應使用:

  • many colds:很多次感冒
  • more colds:更多次感冒
  • most colds:最多次感冒

句中的 even 放在比較級前,表示「甚至更加……」。因此:

children have even more.

可理解為:

兒童甚至有更多次感冒。

題幹定位與翻譯

定位答案的關鍵句為:

Adults have an average of 2–3 colds per year, and children have even ____.

翻譯:

成人每年平均感冒 22 至 33 次,而兒童甚至有更多次感冒。

選項分析

(A) few

few 表示「很少的」,修飾可數名詞複數,例如:

few colds
很少次感冒

但本句語意是兒童比成人更常感冒,需表達「更多」,不是「更少」。此外,若要表達「更少」,應使用比較級 fewer,不能直接使用 few。

因此 (A) 錯誤。

(B) most

most 表示「最多的」,是 many 的最高級,通常用於三者以上的比較,或表示某一群體中數量最多者。

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第 41 題

If you frequently feel fatigued and moody ____ how much sleep you get, it is possible you’re lacking vitamin B in your diet.

(A) by means of
(B) on the basis of
(C) regardless of
(D) according to

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查介系詞片語的語意辨識,以及 regardless of + 名詞/名詞片語/名詞子句 的用法。

題幹中的關鍵結構是:

If you frequently feel fatigued and moody regardless of how much sleep you get, it is possible you’re lacking vitamin B in your diet.
如果你不論睡了多少覺,都經常感到疲倦且情緒低落,那麼你的飲食中可能缺乏維生素 B。

句意要表達的是:不管睡眠量多寡,症狀都會出現。因此需要表示「不論、不管」的片語 regardless of。


解題方法

先觀察空格後面的內容:

how much sleep you get

這是由 how much 引導的名詞子句,意思是「你睡多少睡眠」;較自然的中文是「你睡了多少覺」或「你的睡眠量有多少」。

整個片語:

regardless of how much sleep you get

等於:

no matter how much sleep you get

意思是「不論你睡多少覺」。

代入全文:

If you frequently feel fatigued and moody regardless of how much sleep you get, ...

意思是:

如果你不論睡多少覺,都經常感到疲倦和情緒低落……

前後語意完整,故選 (C) regardless of。


選項分析

(A) by means of

by means of 意為「藉由、透過……的方法」。

例如:

We communicate by means of gestures.
我們透過手勢溝通。

若代入題幹:

feel fatigued and moody by means of how much sleep you get

會變成「藉由你睡多少覺而感到疲倦和情緒低落」,語意不通。此處不是在說「透過某種方法」,而是在說「不受睡眠量多寡影響」。

因此錯誤。

(B) on the basis of

on the basis of 意為「根據、基於……」。

例如:

The decision was made on the basis of the available evidence.
這項決定是根據現有證據作成的。

代入後:

feel fatigued and moody on the basis of how much sleep you get

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第 42 題

After he finished his cancer treatment, the doctor told him that he was ____.

(A) at campus
(B) in the clear
(C) on air
(D) in advance

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「慣用片語」與語境判斷。句中描述病人完成癌症治療後,醫師告訴他目前已脫離危險,因此應使用表示「已無危險、已脫離困境」的片語 in the clear。

句型為:

tell + 人 + that 子句

其中 that 子句為:

he was ____.

空格位於 be 動詞後,作主詞補語,需填入能描述病人狀態的片語。

解題方法

先定位關鍵語意:

After he finished his cancer treatment, the doctor told him that he was ____.

翻譯為:

他完成癌症治療後,醫師告訴他,他已經__。

「完成癌症治療」通常暗示病情已受到控制,或已不再處於危險之中。因此答案必須表達「脫離危險、暫時平安」的意思。

in the clear 是固定片語,意為:

  • 脫離危險
  • 已無問題
  • 已經安全
  • 通過危機

放入句中:

the doctor told him that he was in the clear.

意思是:

醫師告訴他,他已經脫離危險了。

因此選 (B)。

選項分析

(A) at campus

  • campus:校園。
  • 表示「在校園裡」通常使用 on campus,而非 at campus。
  • 即使改為正確片語 on campus,意思也是「在校園中」,與完成癌症治療後的健康狀況無關。
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第 43 題

We all look forward to ____ and getting ourselves out of the constraints of having to fight COVID-19.

(A) recovery
(B) recovered
(C) recover
(D) recovering

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「片語 look forward to 的用法」以及「平行結構」。

片語 look forward to 意為「期待、盼望」,其中的 to 是介系詞,不是不定詞符號。因此,介系詞後面要接:

  • 名詞:look forward to the vacation
  • 動名詞:look forward to recovering

題幹中的結構為:

We all look forward to ____ and getting ourselves out of the constraints of having to fight COVID-19.
我們都期待康復,並使自己脫離必須對抗 COVID-19 所帶來的限制。

空格與 getting 由 and 連接,形成平行結構,因此空格也應使用動名詞 recovering。


解題方法

先找出固定片語:

look forward to+名詞/動名詞\text{look forward to}+\text{名詞/動名詞}

再觀察 and 後面的動詞形式:

  • recovering
  • getting

兩者都是 V-ing 動名詞,共同作為介系詞 to 的受詞:

look forward to [recovering and getting]\text{look forward to }[\text{recovering and getting}]

完整句意為:

我們都期待康復,並使自己脫離必須對抗 COVID-19 的限制。

其中 recovering 與 getting 皆表示未來所期待的事情,形式保持一致,符合平行結構。


選項分析

(A) recovery

recovery 是名詞,意為「康復、復原」。單獨放在 look forward to 後面並非完全不合文法,例如:

We look forward to recovery.
我們期待康復。

但本題中 recovery 與 getting 並列,形成名詞與動名詞的不對稱結構;命題重點要求兩個並列成分形式一致,因此不選。若使用名詞,後方也應搭配名詞,例如:

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第 44 題

There is something wrong with your lungs. Stop ____.

(A) smoke
(B) to smoke
(C) smoking
(D) for smoking

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考 stop 的句型與動名詞、不定詞的語意差異。

  • stop + V-ing:停止做某事
  • stop + to V:停下原本正在做的事,轉而去做另一件事

題幹語意是肺部出現問題,醫生要求對方「停止抽菸」,因此應使用 stop smoking。

關鍵單字與片語

  • lung:肺;複數 lungs:肺部
  • something wrong with ...:……出了問題
  • stop:停止
  • smoke:抽菸;煙
  • smoking:抽菸這件事、吸菸行為

解題方法

定位答案的關鍵句為:

There is something wrong with your lungs. Stop ____.

翻譯:

你的肺部出了問題。停止抽菸。

空格前已有動詞 Stop,後面若要表達「停止某種行為」,必須接動名詞:

stop+V-ing\text{stop}+\text{V-ing}

因此:

Stop smoking.\text{Stop smoking.}

意思是「停止抽菸」。

選項分析

(A) smoke

Stop smoke 不符合本題所需的標準句型。此處要表達「停止抽菸」這項行為,應使用動名詞 smoking,而不是動詞原形 smoke。

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第 45 題

____ a combination of overhunting and habitat loss, clouded leopards are thought to be extinct in Taiwan today.

(A) In accordance
(B) Hence
(C) Since
(D) Due to

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:介系詞片語與連接詞的使用

本題考查「原因」的表達方式,以及介系詞、連接副詞與連接詞後方所接結構的差異。

題幹空格後為名詞片語:

a combination of overhunting and habitat loss
過度捕獵與棲地喪失的綜合因素

因此,空格應填入能直接接名詞片語、表示「由於」的介系詞片語 Due to。


解題方法

先觀察空格後的結構:

____ a combination of overhunting and habitat loss

其中 a combination of overhunting and habitat loss 是名詞片語,不是完整子句。

表示原因時:

  • due to + 名詞/名詞片語:由於……
  • since + 主詞 + 動詞:因為……;既然……
  • hence:因此,所以,通常作副詞使用
  • in accordance with + 名詞:依照……;與……一致

套入後:

Due to a combination of overhunting and habitat loss, clouded leopards are thought to be extinct in Taiwan today.

翻譯為:

由於過度捕獵與棲地喪失的綜合因素,今日一般認為雲豹已在臺灣滅絕。

句型結構為:

Due to + 原因,主詞 + be thought to + 原形動詞


題幹定位與翻譯

定位答案的關鍵原文是:

Due to a combination of overhunting and habitat loss, clouded leopards are thought to be extinct in Taiwan today.

翻譯:

由於過度捕獵與棲地喪失的綜合因素,今日一般認為雲豹已在臺灣滅絕。

其中:

  • due to:由於
  • a combination of A and B:A 與 B 的綜合
  • overhunting:過度捕獵
  • habitat loss:棲地喪失
  • clouded leopard:雲豹
  • be thought to + 原形動詞:被認為……
  • be extinct:已滅絕
  • today:如今、現今

選項分析

(A) In accordance

in accordance 本身不完整,通常必須接 with,形成:

in accordance with + 名詞
依照……;按照……

例如:

in accordance with the regulations
依照規定

題目若填入後會變成:

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第 46 題

The longer you spend in playing games, ____ level it will be.

(A) the higher
(B) more high
(C) higher
(D) the highest

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:對等比較句型

本題考「越……,就越……」的對等比較句型:

The + 比較級 + S + V, the + 比較級 + S + V.\text{The + 比較級 + S + V, the + 比較級 + S + V.}

意思是「越……,就越……」。前後兩部分都必須使用:

  • the + 比較級
  • the + 比較級

題幹中的第一部分是:

The longer you spend in playing games
你花在玩遊戲上的時間越長

因此,逗號後面也必須接 the + 比較級,表示「程度越高」。


解題方法

先觀察句首:

The longer ..., ____ level it will be.

句首已有 The longer,這是「越久」的比較級結構。依照對等比較句型,後半部應形成「the + 比較級」:

the higher

完整語意為:

The longer you spend in playing games, the higher level it will be.
你花越多時間玩遊戲,等級就會越高。

嚴格的標準英文通常會將名詞前的冠詞補出,寫成:

The longer you spend playing games, the higher the level will be.

或:

The longer you spend playing games, the higher your level will be.

本題選項設計的命題答案為 (A) the higher,重點在辨認「The + 比較級……, the + 比較級……」句型。


題幹定位與翻譯

定位答案的關鍵句是:

The longer you spend in playing games, ____ level it will be.

其中:

  • The longer:越久
  • the higher:越高
  • level:等級、程度
  • it will be:它將會是

整句翻譯:

你花在玩遊戲上的時間越長,等級就會越高。


選項分析

(A) the higher

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第 47 題

In that box ____ some old clothes that I no longer want.

(A) remain
(B) are
(C) is
(D) do

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:地點倒裝句與主詞動詞一致

本題考「地點片語置於句首時的倒裝句」以及「主詞與動詞的數一致」。

一般語序為:

Some old clothes are in that box.

當地點片語 In that box 移至句首時,可形成地點倒裝:

In that box are some old clothes.

此時真正的主詞仍是 some old clothes,而非句首的 that box。
clothes 表示「衣服」,本身視為複數,因此 be 動詞須使用 are。

題幹定位與翻譯

In that box are some old clothes that I no longer want.

翻譯:
「那個箱子裡有一些我已經不想要的舊衣服。」

其中:

  • in that box:在那個箱子裡
  • old clothes:舊衣服
  • no longer:不再
  • want:想要
  • that I no longer want:我已經不想要的;關係代名詞 that 修飾 old clothes

解題方法

先找句子的真正主詞:

some old clothes

再判斷主詞的單複數:

clothes 為複數名詞

因此 be 動詞應為:

some old clothes+are\text{some old clothes} + \text{are}

完整句型為:

地點片語+be 動詞+主詞\text{地點片語} + \text{be 動詞} + \text{主詞}

套入題目:

In that box+are+some old clothes\text{In that box} + \text{are} + \text{some old clothes}

所以答案為 (B) are。

選項分析

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第 48 題

This isn’t my permanent home. I plan to stay here ____ only a month.

(A) for
(B) in
(C) during
(D) at

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:介系詞與時間長度

本題考「表示一段持續時間」的介系詞用法。

  • for + 一段時間:表示動作或狀態持續多久。
  • in + 一段時間:表示「在多久之後」或「於某段時間內完成」。
  • during + 特定期間/事件:表示「在某段期間或某事件進行期間」。
  • at + 時間點:表示發生在特定時間點。

句中 stay here 是「待在這裡」的持續性動作,後面的 only a month 表示停留的時間長度,因此應使用 for。

解題方法

題幹關鍵句為:

I plan to stay here ____ only a month.
我計畫只待在這裡一個月。

判斷空格後的 only a month 是「持續多久」,可改寫成:

I plan to stay here for one month.

for + 時間長度 用來回答「多久」:

How long do you plan to stay here?
你計畫待在這裡多久?

For only a month.
只待一個月。

因此空格應填 for。

選項分析

(A) for:正確

for + 一段時間 表示動作持續的期間。

  • stay here for a month
    在這裡待一個月
  • study for three hours
    讀書三小時
  • work there for two years
    在那裡工作兩年

for only a month 表示「只持續一個月」,完全符合句意。

(B) in:錯誤

in + 一段時間 常表示「在多久之後」:

I will leave in a month.
我一個月後會離開。

也可表示「在某段時間內完成某事」:

She finished the work in a month.
她在一個月內完成了工作。

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第 49 題

I can still hold a conversation while ____ something on TV.

(A) to watch
(B) watch
(C) watching
(D) watched

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:while 引導的分詞構句

本題考「時間副詞子句的省略」與「現在分詞片語」的用法。

完整句型為:

I can still hold a conversation while I am watching something on TV.
即使我正在看電視上的某個節目,我仍然可以進行對話。

當主句與 while 子句的主詞相同,且子句使用進行式時,可省略主詞與 be 動詞:

while + 主詞 + be + V-ing→while + V-ing\text{while + 主詞 + be + V-ing} \rightarrow \text{while + V-ing}

因此:

while I am watching
→\rightarrow while watching

題幹中的關鍵片語是:

while watching something on TV
在看電視上的某個節目時


解題方法

先觀察空格前的連接詞 while。While 可引導時間副詞子句,表示「當……時」或「在……期間」。

將選項代入後,必須形成合乎文法的結構:

while + watching\text{while + watching}

此處的 watching 是現在分詞,構成省略主詞與 be 動詞的分詞片語;其隱含主詞與主句主詞 I 相同:

I can still hold a conversation while I am watching something on TV.

省略後即為:

I can still hold a conversation while watching something on TV.


關鍵單字與片語

  • hold a conversation:進行對話、交談
  • still:仍然、依舊
  • watch:觀看
  • something:某件事物;此處指電視節目或內容
  • on TV:在電視上、看電視
  • while:當……時;在……期間
  • watching:正在觀看

題幹整句翻譯:

I can still hold a conversation while watching something on TV.

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第 50 題

I’m getting the hang of things, ____ to you. You’ve been such a big help.

(A) thank
(B) thankful
(C) with thank
(D) thanks

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「固定片語」與詞性辨識。空格後接 to you,且前句是在表達「多虧你的幫忙」,最自然的片語是:

thanks to + 人/事物:多虧……、幸虧……、歸功於……

句型:

thanks to + 名詞/代名詞\text{thanks to + 名詞/代名詞}

因此:

I’m getting the hang of things, thanks to you.

意思是「多虧你,我開始逐漸上手了。」

關鍵單字與片語

  • get the hang of something:逐漸掌握某事的訣竅;開始上手
  • thanks to you:多虧你;歸功於你
  • a big help:很大的幫助
  • such a big help:如此大的幫助

解題方法

先判斷語意:說話者表示自己正在逐漸熟悉某件事,而原因是對方提供了很大的幫助,因此空格需要表達「多虧你」。

再判斷詞性與句型:

thanks+to+受益原因\text{thanks} + \text{to} + \text{受益原因}

其中 thanks 在此不是單純的名詞「感謝」,而是固定片語 thanks to 的一部分。後面的 you 是介系詞 to 的受詞,結構完整。

題幹定位答案的關鍵句為:

I’m getting the hang of things, thanks to you. You’ve been such a big help.
多虧你,我開始逐漸上手了。你一直給了我很大的幫助。

後一句 You’ve been such a big help 直接補充說明「多虧你」的原因,因此語意上必須使用 thanks to you。

選項分析

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第 51 題

【題組共用題幹】

Milan's most famous mural, Leonardo da Vinci’s The Last Supper is hidden away on a wall of the refectory adjoining the Basilica di Santa Maria delle Grazie. Depicting Christ and his disciples at the dramatic moment when Christ reveals he's aware of his betrayal, it's a masterful psychological study and one of the world's most iconic images. To see it you must book in advance or sign up for a guided city tour. When Leonardo was at work on the masterpiece, a star-struck monk noted that he would sometimes arrive in the morning, stare at the previous day's efforts, then promptly finish for the day. Your visit will be similarly brief (15 minutes to be exact), but the baggage of a thousand dodgy reproductions are quickly shed once standing face to face with the luminous work itself.

Centuries of damage have left the mural in a fragile state despite 22 years of restoration, which was completed in 1999. Da Vinci himself is partly to blame: his experimental mix of oil and tempera was applied between 1495 and 1498, rather than within a week as is typical of fresco techniques. The Dominicans didn't help matters when in 1652 they raised the refectory floor, hacking off a lower section of the scene, including Jesus' feet. But the most damage was caused by restorers in the 19th century, whose use of alcohol and cotton wool removed an entire layer. But the work's condition does little to lessen its astonishing beauty. Stare at the ethereal, lucent windows beyond the narrative action and you'll wonder if da Vinci's uncharacteristic short-sightedness wasn't divinely inspired. English-language guided tours (€3.50 on top of the regular ticket price) take place at 9.30am and 3.30pm from Tuesday to Sunday – again, you’ll need to book ahead.

What is the article about?

(A) Milan.
(B) The Basilica di Santa Maria delle Grazie.
(C) Leonardo da Vinci.
(D) The Last Supper.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:閱讀測驗的主旨判斷

本題考查「文章主旨」與「文章核心對象」的判斷。解題時須觀察:

  1. 標題或開頭介紹的主要名詞。
  2. 後文是否持續圍繞同一人物、地點或作品說明。
  3. 文章篇幅最多、細節最集中的對象,通常就是主旨。

本文雖然提到 Milan 與 Basilica di Santa Maria delle Grazie,但全文重點集中在 Leonardo da Vinci 的名畫 The Last Supper,包括其內容、參觀方式、創作背景、受損原因、修復歷史與藝術價值。

定位答案的關鍵句

第一段直接指出:

Milan's most famous mural, Leonardo da Vinci’s The Last Supper is hidden away on a wall of the refectory adjoining the Basilica di Santa Maria delle Grazie.

翻譯:
米蘭最著名的壁畫——李奧納多・達文西的《最後的晚餐》——收藏在毗鄰聖母恩寵教堂的餐廳牆上。

後文持續以 the masterpiece、the mural、the work、the luminous work itself 指稱《最後的晚餐》,並說明:

Centuries of damage have left the mural in a fragile state despite 22 years of restoration.

翻譯:
數百年的損壞使這幅壁畫即使經過 22 年的修復,仍處於脆弱狀態。

這句進一步確認文章核心是這幅壁畫的保存狀況與藝術特色,而不是單純介紹米蘭、教堂或達文西本人。

文法與語意重點

  1. Depicting Christ and his disciples...

Depicting... 是現在分詞片語,修飾前面的 The Last Supper,表示「描繪基督與門徒……」。

when Christ reveals he's aware of his betrayal 是時間副詞子句,說明畫面呈現的時刻:基督揭露自己知道遭到背叛。

  1. To see it you must book in advance
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第 52 題

【題組共用題幹】

Milan's most famous mural, Leonardo da Vinci’s The Last Supper is hidden away on a wall of the refectory adjoining the Basilica di Santa Maria delle Grazie. Depicting Christ and his disciples at the dramatic moment when Christ reveals he's aware of his betrayal, it's a masterful psychological study and one of the world's most iconic images. To see it you must book in advance or sign up for a guided city tour. When Leonardo was at work on the masterpiece, a star-struck monk noted that he would sometimes arrive in the morning, stare at the previous day's efforts, then promptly finish for the day. Your visit will be similarly brief (15 minutes to be exact), but the baggage of a thousand dodgy reproductions are quickly shed once standing face to face with the luminous work itself.

Centuries of damage have left the mural in a fragile state despite 22 years of restoration, which was completed in 1999. Da Vinci himself is partly to blame: his experimental mix of oil and tempera was applied between 1495 and 1498, rather than within a week as is typical of fresco techniques. The Dominicans didn't help matters when in 1652 they raised the refectory floor, hacking off a lower section of the scene, including Jesus' feet. But the most damage was caused by restorers in the 19th century, whose use of alcohol and cotton wool removed an entire layer. But the work's condition does little to lessen its astonishing beauty. Stare at the ethereal, lucent windows beyond the narrative action and you'll wonder if da Vinci's uncharacteristic short-sightedness wasn't divinely inspired. English-language guided tours (€3.50 on top of the regular ticket price) take place at 9.30am and 3.30pm from Tuesday to Sunday – again, you’ll need to book ahead.

What should you do to see the mural?

(A) Buy a book.
(B) Sign up for a guided city tour.
(C) Buy the ticket.
(D) Take a train.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題為閱讀理解,考查:

  1. 文章細節定位
  2. 同義改寫
  3. 指示與建議的理解

題目問:「要看這幅壁畫,你應該做什麼?」答案必須直接回到文章第一段尋找參觀方式。

解題方法

定位題幹中說明參觀方式的句子:

To see it you must book in advance or sign up for a guided city tour.
要看這幅畫,你必須提前預約,或報名參加城市導覽團。

句中明確指出兩種方式:

  • book in advance:提前預約
  • sign up for a guided city tour:報名參加導覽城市之旅

四個選項中,只有 (B) Sign up for a guided city tour. 完全符合原文。

文法上,must + 原形動詞 表示「必須……」,此處的 must book 與 sign up 都是參觀壁畫的必要做法。

選項分析

(A) Buy a book.

錯誤。
原文提到:

the baggage of a thousand dodgy reproductions are quickly shed
大量不可靠的複製品所造成的印象,在親眼看到原作後很快就會消失。

文中的 reproductions 是「複製品、仿製品」,並沒有說參觀者必須購買書籍。book 在文章中是動詞「預約」,不是名詞「書」。

(B) Sign up for a guided city tour.

正確。
這是原文 sign up for a guided city tour 的直接重現,意思是「報名參加城市導覽團」。

(C) Buy the ticket.

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第 53 題

【題組共用題幹】

Milan's most famous mural, Leonardo da Vinci’s The Last Supper is hidden away on a wall of the refectory adjoining the Basilica di Santa Maria delle Grazie. Depicting Christ and his disciples at the dramatic moment when Christ reveals he's aware of his betrayal, it's a masterful psychological study and one of the world's most iconic images. To see it you must book in advance or sign up for a guided city tour. When Leonardo was at work on the masterpiece, a star-struck monk noted that he would sometimes arrive in the morning, stare at the previous day's efforts, then promptly finish for the day. Your visit will be similarly brief (15 minutes to be exact), but the baggage of a thousand dodgy reproductions are quickly shed once standing face to face with the luminous work itself.

Centuries of damage have left the mural in a fragile state despite 22 years of restoration, which was completed in 1999. Da Vinci himself is partly to blame: his experimental mix of oil and tempera was applied between 1495 and 1498, rather than within a week as is typical of fresco techniques. The Dominicans didn't help matters when in 1652 they raised the refectory floor, hacking off a lower section of the scene, including Jesus' feet. But the most damage was caused by restorers in the 19th century, whose use of alcohol and cotton wool removed an entire layer. But the work's condition does little to lessen its astonishing beauty. Stare at the ethereal, lucent windows beyond the narrative action and you'll wonder if da Vinci's uncharacteristic short-sightedness wasn't divinely inspired. English-language guided tours (€3.50 on top of the regular ticket price) take place at 9.30am and 3.30pm from Tuesday to Sunday – again, you’ll need to book ahead.

Which of the following is true?

(A) Leonardo finished the work in 15 minutes.
(B) Visitors can only appreciate the work for 15 minutes.
(C) Visitors can only appreciate the work in the morning.
(D) Leonardo finished the work in the morning.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考閱讀理解中的「細節判斷」與片語語意,關鍵在於辨認:

  • finish the work:完成這件作品
  • finish for the day:當天停止工作、收工

文章提到 Leonardo 早上會來觀看前一天的進度,之後便結束當天的工作;這不代表他早上完成整幅畫。

解題方法

先找出與選項中的 15 minutes 和 morning 對應的原文,再判斷選項是否忠實表達文章意思。

定位答案的關鍵句是:

Your visit will be similarly brief (15 minutes to be exact)
你的參觀行程同樣會很短,確切地說是 15 分鐘。

這句明確表示遊客參觀《最後的晚餐》的時間約為 15 分鐘,因此 (B) 正確。

另一個容易造成誤判的句子是:

He would sometimes arrive in the morning, stare at the previous day's efforts, then promptly finish for the day.
他有時會在早上抵達,凝視前一天的創作成果,接著便立即結束當天的工作。

此處 finish for the day 是「當天收工」,不是「完成整幅作品」。

選項分析

(A) Leonardo finished the work in 15 minutes.

錯誤。文章說的是:

Your visit will be similarly brief (15 minutes to be exact).

15 分鐘指的是遊客參觀的時間,不是 Leonardo 完成作品所需的時間。文章也沒有說他在 15 分鐘內完成《最後的晚餐》。

(B) Visitors can only appreciate the work for 15 minutes.

正確。文章指出遊客的參觀行程會很短,確切時間為 15 分鐘:

Your visit will be similarly brief (15 minutes to be exact).

因此,遊客能在現場欣賞這幅壁畫的時間約為 15 分鐘。此處 appreciate 是「欣賞、體會」,符合文章語意。

(C) Visitors can only appreciate the work in the morning.

錯誤。文章明確指出英文導覽時間為:

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第 54 題

【題組共用題幹】

Milan's most famous mural, Leonardo da Vinci’s The Last Supper is hidden away on a wall of the refectory adjoining the Basilica di Santa Maria delle Grazie. Depicting Christ and his disciples at the dramatic moment when Christ reveals he's aware of his betrayal, it's a masterful psychological study and one of the world's most iconic images. To see it you must book in advance or sign up for a guided city tour. When Leonardo was at work on the masterpiece, a star-struck monk noted that he would sometimes arrive in the morning, stare at the previous day's efforts, then promptly finish for the day. Your visit will be similarly brief (15 minutes to be exact), but the baggage of a thousand dodgy reproductions are quickly shed once standing face to face with the luminous work itself.

Centuries of damage have left the mural in a fragile state despite 22 years of restoration, which was completed in 1999. Da Vinci himself is partly to blame: his experimental mix of oil and tempera was applied between 1495 and 1498, rather than within a week as is typical of fresco techniques. The Dominicans didn't help matters when in 1652 they raised the refectory floor, hacking off a lower section of the scene, including Jesus' feet. But the most damage was caused by restorers in the 19th century, whose use of alcohol and cotton wool removed an entire layer. But the work's condition does little to lessen its astonishing beauty. Stare at the ethereal, lucent windows beyond the narrative action and you'll wonder if da Vinci's uncharacteristic short-sightedness wasn't divinely inspired. English-language guided tours (€3.50 on top of the regular ticket price) take place at 9.30am and 3.30pm from Tuesday to Sunday – again, you’ll need to book ahead.

When did the restoration start?

(A) In 1999.
(B) In 1652.
(C) In 1977.
(D) In 1922.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查閱讀理解中的「時間資訊定位」與「因果推算」。文章指出修復工程共持續 22 年,並明確說明工程於 1999 年完成,因此須由完成年份往前推算開始年份:

1999−22=19771999-22=1977

所以修復工程開始於 1977 年。

關鍵單字與片語

  • restoration:修復、整修
  • fragile state:脆弱的狀態
  • completed:完成的
  • experimental mix:實驗性的混合物
  • fresco techniques:濕壁畫技法
  • raise the refectory floor:墊高餐 refectory 的地板
  • hack off:砍掉、削除
  • a lower section of the scene:畫面較下方的部分
  • be partly to blame:部分應負責任
  • in the 19th century:在 19 世紀
  • take place:舉行、進行
  • book ahead / in advance:提前預約

解題方法

定位文章第二段的時間資訊:

“Centuries of damage have left the mural in a fragile state despite 22 years of restoration, which was completed in 1999.”

翻譯為:

「數百年的損壞使這幅壁畫處於脆弱狀態,儘管它曾經歷長達 22 年的修復工程,而修復工程於 1999 年完成。」

題目問的是 When did the restoration start?,也就是「修復工程何時開始」,不是問完成年份。

文章給出的條件是:

  • 修復歷時 22 年
  • 修復於 1999 年完成

因此:

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第 55 題

【題組共用題幹】

Milan's most famous mural, Leonardo da Vinci’s The Last Supper is hidden away on a wall of the refectory adjoining the Basilica di Santa Maria delle Grazie. Depicting Christ and his disciples at the dramatic moment when Christ reveals he's aware of his betrayal, it's a masterful psychological study and one of the world's most iconic images. To see it you must book in advance or sign up for a guided city tour. When Leonardo was at work on the masterpiece, a star-struck monk noted that he would sometimes arrive in the morning, stare at the previous day's efforts, then promptly finish for the day. Your visit will be similarly brief (15 minutes to be exact), but the baggage of a thousand dodgy reproductions are quickly shed once standing face to face with the luminous work itself.

Centuries of damage have left the mural in a fragile state despite 22 years of restoration, which was completed in 1999. Da Vinci himself is partly to blame: his experimental mix of oil and tempera was applied between 1495 and 1498, rather than within a week as is typical of fresco techniques. The Dominicans didn't help matters when in 1652 they raised the refectory floor, hacking off a lower section of the scene, including Jesus' feet. But the most damage was caused by restorers in the 19th century, whose use of alcohol and cotton wool removed an entire layer. But the work's condition does little to lessen its astonishing beauty. Stare at the ethereal, lucent windows beyond the narrative action and you'll wonder if da Vinci's uncharacteristic short-sightedness wasn't divinely inspired. English-language guided tours (€3.50 on top of the regular ticket price) take place at 9.30am and 3.30pm from Tuesday to Sunday – again, you’ll need to book ahead.

Why did Da Vinci use oil and tempera for the mural?

(A) He wanted to make an experiment.
(B) It was his typical of fresco techniques.
(C) He wanted to be blamed.
(D) He wanted to leave the mural in a fragile state.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考閱讀理解中的「原因判斷」。解題重點是找出文章中說明 Da Vinci 採用油彩與蛋彩混合媒材的直接原因。

關鍵句為:

Da Vinci himself is partly to blame: his experimental mix of oil and tempera was applied between 1495 and 1498, rather than within a week as is typical of fresco techniques.

翻譯:

達文西本人也要負一部分責任:他把油彩與蛋彩的實驗性混合顏料,於 1495 年至 1498 年間施作,而不是像典型的濕壁畫技法那樣在一週內完成。

其中 experimental mix 意為「實驗性的混合物」,直接表示達文西是為了進行媒材實驗,才使用油彩與蛋彩。

解題方法

先鎖定題目中的關鍵問法:

Why did Da Vinci use oil and tempera for the mural?

意思是:

達文西為什麼使用油彩與蛋彩創作這幅壁畫?

回到文章尋找原因,文中明確出現 experimental 一字,表示這種油彩與蛋彩的混合使用具有「實驗性」。因此答案是「他想進行實驗」。

文章同時指出,這種作法使作品不像一般濕壁畫一樣能在短時間內完成,也造成壁畫後來較為脆弱。這些是使用特殊媒材所造成的結果,不是最初使用這些媒材的目的。

選項分析

(A) He wanted to make an experiment.

正確。文章中的 his experimental mix of oil and tempera 表示「他所使用的油彩與蛋彩實驗性混合媒材」,可知達文西是想嘗試不同的繪畫媒材與技法。

(B) It was his typical of fresco techniques.

錯誤。文章明確說:

rather than within a week as is typical of fresco techniques

意思是「而不是像典型濕壁畫技法那樣在一週內完成」。因此油彩與蛋彩的使用並非典型濕壁畫技法。

此外,選項本身的文法也不正確。若要表達「那是他的典型濕壁畫技法」,應改為 It was typical of his fresco techniques. 但即使修正文法

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第 56 題

【題組共用題幹】

Is your dog an Einstein or a Charmer? For US $60, a recently-founded company called Dognition will help you learn more about your dog’s cognitive traits. It offers an online test telling you about the brain behind the bark.

Dognition’s test measures a dog’s intellect in several aspects—from empathy to memory to reasoning skills. But don’t expect it to measure your pet’s IQ. Dr. Hare, one of the venture’s co-founders, says a dog’s intelligence can’t be described with a single number. Just as humans have a wide range of intelligences, so do dogs. The question is what type your dog relies on more.

After you plunk your money down, Dognition’s website will take you through a questionnaire about your dog: For example, how excited does your dog get around other dogs, or children? Do fireworks scare your pup? Then, Dognition guides you through tests that are as fun as playing fetch or hide-and-seek. At the end, you get a report of your dog’s cognitive profile.

Your dog could fall into one of nine categories: Ace, Stargazer, Maverick, Charmer, Socialite, Protodog, Einstein, Expert, or Renaissance Dog. That can give you something to brag about on Dognition’s Facebook page. It also can shed new light on why dogs do the things they do. For example, a Charmer is a dog that trusts you so much that it would prefer to solve problems using information you give it rather than information it can get with its own eyes.

Dognition helps people understand their dogs in ways that they have never been able to do. This new understanding can enrich the relationship between dogs and their owners.

Which of the following would be a good title for the article?

(A) The IQ of Your Pet
(B) To Understand Your Pet Better
(C) Nine Categories of Dogs
(D) A Successful Business

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「閱讀測驗主旨判斷」與「文章標題選擇」。

判斷標題時,必須掌握全文主旨,而不是只抓住某一段的細節。標題應能涵蓋文章大部分內容,並準確反映作者主要介紹的對象、功能與目的。

本文介紹 Dognition 公司提供的犬隻認知測驗,內容包括:

  • 測量狗狗的多種認知能力。
  • 將狗狗歸入九種認知類型。
  • 幫助飼主了解狗狗的行為與個性。
  • 增進狗狗與飼主之間的關係。

因此,全文重點是「透過認知測驗,更了解自己的寵物」,而不是單純討論寵物智商、九種分類或公司的營利成效。


關鍵單字與片語

  • cognitive traits:認知特徵
  • cognition:認知
  • intellect:智力
  • empathy:同理心
  • memory:記憶力
  • reasoning skills:推理能力
  • measure:測量、衡量
  • be described with a single number:用單一數字描述
  • a wide range of intelligences:廣泛多樣的智力類型
  • rely on:依賴、倚重
  • plunk your money down:付錢、掏錢購買
  • questionnaire:問卷
  • cognitive profile:認知概況、認知特徵檔案
  • fall into a category:歸入某一類別
  • shed new light on:使人對某事有新的了解
  • enrich the relationship:增進關係、使關係更加豐富

解題方法

本題可採「首尾段確認法」:

  1. 先看首段,確認文章介紹的主題。
  2. 再看中間段落,整理測驗內容與功能。
  3. 最後看結尾,找出作者想強調的整體目的。
  4. 排除只涵蓋單一細節,或與文章內容相反的選項。

文章開頭指出:

“For US

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第 57 題

【題組共用題幹】

Is your dog an Einstein or a Charmer? For US $60, a recently-founded company called Dognition will help you learn more about your dog’s cognitive traits. It offers an online test telling you about the brain behind the bark.

Dognition’s test measures a dog’s intellect in several aspects—from empathy to memory to reasoning skills. But don’t expect it to measure your pet’s IQ. Dr. Hare, one of the venture’s co-founders, says a dog’s intelligence can’t be described with a single number. Just as humans have a wide range of intelligences, so do dogs. The question is what type your dog relies on more.

After you plunk your money down, Dognition’s website will take you through a questionnaire about your dog: For example, how excited does your dog get around other dogs, or children? Do fireworks scare your pup? Then, Dognition guides you through tests that are as fun as playing fetch or hide-and-seek. At the end, you get a report of your dog’s cognitive profile.

Your dog could fall into one of nine categories: Ace, Stargazer, Maverick, Charmer, Socialite, Protodog, Einstein, Expert, or Renaissance Dog. That can give you something to brag about on Dognition’s Facebook page. It also can shed new light on why dogs do the things they do. For example, a Charmer is a dog that trusts you so much that it would prefer to solve problems using information you give it rather than information it can get with its own eyes.

Dognition helps people understand their dogs in ways that they have never been able to do. This new understanding can enrich the relationship between dogs and their owners.

What is the third paragraph mainly about?

(A) The theory behind the questionnaire used in the Dognition test.
(B) The procedure for evaluating a dog’s intellect on Dognition.
(C) The products one can get by paying a fee to Dognition.
(D) The characteristics of the activities Dognition offers.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考的是閱讀測驗中的「段落主旨判斷」。解題重點不是只找段落中的單一細節,而是判斷第三段整體在說什麼。

第三段依照時間順序介紹 Dognition 的評估流程:

  1. 付費後填寫關於狗的問卷。
  2. 依照網站指示進行各種測驗。
  3. 最後取得狗的認知能力分析報告。

因此,本段主旨是「Dognition 如何評估狗的智力」,答案為 (B)。

定位答案的原文

After you plunk your money down, Dognition’s website will take you through a questionnaire about your dog... Then, Dognition guides you through tests that are as fun as playing fetch or hide-and-seek. At the end, you get a report of your dog’s cognitive profile.

翻譯:

付費之後,Dognition 的網站會帶你完成一份關於狗狗的問卷……接著,Dognition 會引導你進行一些像玩撿球或捉迷藏一樣有趣的測驗。最後,你會得到一份狗狗認知能力特徵的報告。

這三句完整呈現「問卷 → 測驗 → 報告」的評估程序,直接支持 (B)。

關鍵單字與片語

  • plunk money down:付錢;爽快地掏錢
  • take someone through something:帶某人逐步完成某事
  • questionnaire:問卷
  • get excited around other dogs:在其他狗附近變得興奮
  • pup:幼犬;狗狗
  • fireworks:煙火
  • scare:使害怕
  • guide someone through something:引導某人完成某事
  • test:測驗
  • fetch:撿回遊戲
  • hide-and-seek:捉迷藏
  • cognitive:認知的
  • profile:特徵描述;分析檔案
  • cognitive profile:認知能力特徵分析

文法與語意重點

  1. After + 動名詞片語

After you plunk your money down

After 引導時間副詞子句,表示「在……之後」。plunk money down 是口語片語,意思是「付錢」。

  1. take someone through + 名詞

Dognition’s website will take you through a questionnaire

take you through 表示「帶你逐步完成」,不是單純的「帶你穿過」。此處說明網站會引導使用者完成問卷。

  1. Then 表示流程先後
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第 58 題

【題組共用題幹】

Is your dog an Einstein or a Charmer? For US $60, a recently-founded company called Dognition will help you learn more about your dog’s cognitive traits. It offers an online test telling you about the brain behind the bark.

Dognition’s test measures a dog’s intellect in several aspects—from empathy to memory to reasoning skills. But don’t expect it to measure your pet’s IQ. Dr. Hare, one of the venture’s co-founders, says a dog’s intelligence can’t be described with a single number. Just as humans have a wide range of intelligences, so do dogs. The question is what type your dog relies on more.

After you plunk your money down, Dognition’s website will take you through a questionnaire about your dog: For example, how excited does your dog get around other dogs, or children? Do fireworks scare your pup? Then, Dognition guides you through tests that are as fun as playing fetch or hide-and-seek. At the end, you get a report of your dog’s cognitive profile.

Your dog could fall into one of nine categories: Ace, Stargazer, Maverick, Charmer, Socialite, Protodog, Einstein, Expert, or Renaissance Dog. That can give you something to brag about on Dognition’s Facebook page. It also can shed new light on why dogs do the things they do. For example, a Charmer is a dog that trusts you so much that it would prefer to solve problems using information you give it rather than information it can get with its own eyes.

Dognition helps people understand their dogs in ways that they have never been able to do. This new understanding can enrich the relationship between dogs and their owners.

According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

(A) Different dogs display strengths in different intelligences.
(B) A dog’s cognitive profile is composed of nine cognitive skills.
(C) The purpose of Dognition’s testing is to control a dog’s behavior.
(D) A dog’s intelligence can be ranked based on the score of a Dognition’s test.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題是閱讀理解中的「主旨與細節判斷題」,考生須根據文章明確資訊,判斷哪一個敘述與原文一致。

文章介紹 Dognition 公司提供的犬隻認知能力測驗。文章特別強調:

  • 狗的智力包含多種面向,例如同理心、記憶力與推理能力。
  • 不同狗擅長的智力類型不同。
  • Dognition 的測驗不是用單一分數替狗的智力排名。
  • 測驗目的是幫助飼主了解狗的認知特質,增進人與狗的關係。

解題方法

先抓住第二段的核心句:

“Just as humans have a wide range of intelligences, so do dogs. The question is what type your dog relies on more.”

翻譯:

「正如人類擁有廣泛多樣的智力,狗也是如此。問題在於你的狗較依賴哪一種類型的智力。」

這句直接表示:狗的智力不是單一能力,不同狗可能在不同類型的智力上展現優勢。因此,選項應以「不同狗在不同智力方面各有所長」為正確方向。

文章也明確否定以單一分數衡量狗的智力:

“But don’t expect it to measure your pet’s IQ. Dr. Hare ... says a dog’s intelligence can’t be described with a single number.”

翻譯:

「但不要期待這項測驗會測量寵物的智商。Hare 博士表示,狗的智力無法用單一數字描述。」

因此,凡是提到「單一分數排名」的敘述,都與文章不符。

選項分析

(A) Different dogs display strengths in different intelligences.

不同的狗在不同類型的智力上展現優勢。

正確。文章指出人類與狗都具有多樣的智力,而重點是狗較依賴哪一種類型的智力。這表示不同狗的認知強項可能不同。

關鍵依據:

“Just as humans have a wide range of intelligences, so do dogs.”

此處的 so do dogs 是倒裝句,表示「狗也是如此」,承接前面的「人類擁有多種智力」。

(B) A dog’s cognitive profile is composed of nine cognitive skills.

狗的認知檔案由九種認知技能組成。

錯誤。文章提到狗可能被歸入九種「類別」:

“Your dog could fall into one of nine categories: Ace, Stargazer, Maverick, Charmer, Socialite, Protodog, Einstein, Expert, or Renaissance Dog.”

翻譯:

「你的狗可能屬於九種類別之一:Ace、Stargazer、Maverick、Charmer、Socialite、Protodog、Einstein、Expert 或 Renaissance Dog。」

categories 是「類別」,不是 cognitive skills「認知技能」。九種名稱是測驗結果的分類,不代表九項認知能力。

(C) The purpose of Dognition’s testing is to control a dog’s behavior.

Dognition 測驗的目的在於控制狗的行為。

錯誤。文章說明測驗可以讓人更了解狗的行為原因:

“It also can shed new light on why dogs do the things they do.”

翻譯:

「這也能為狗為何做出某些行為帶來新的理解。」

文章最後進一步指出:

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第 59 題

【題組共用題幹】

Is your dog an Einstein or a Charmer? For US $60, a recently-founded company called Dognition will help you learn more about your dog’s cognitive traits. It offers an online test telling you about the brain behind the bark.

Dognition’s test measures a dog’s intellect in several aspects—from empathy to memory to reasoning skills. But don’t expect it to measure your pet’s IQ. Dr. Hare, one of the venture’s co-founders, says a dog’s intelligence can’t be described with a single number. Just as humans have a wide range of intelligences, so do dogs. The question is what type your dog relies on more.

After you plunk your money down, Dognition’s website will take you through a questionnaire about your dog: For example, how excited does your dog get around other dogs, or children? Do fireworks scare your pup? Then, Dognition guides you through tests that are as fun as playing fetch or hide-and-seek. At the end, you get a report of your dog’s cognitive profile.

Your dog could fall into one of nine categories: Ace, Stargazer, Maverick, Charmer, Socialite, Protodog, Einstein, Expert, or Renaissance Dog. That can give you something to brag about on Dognition’s Facebook page. It also can shed new light on why dogs do the things they do. For example, a Charmer is a dog that trusts you so much that it would prefer to solve problems using information you give it rather than information it can get with its own eyes.

Dognition helps people understand their dogs in ways that they have never been able to do. This new understanding can enrich the relationship between dogs and their owners.

Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “venture” in the second paragraph?

(A) Creative measurement.
(B) Risky attempt.
(C) Non-profit organization.
(D) New business.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考字義判斷與語境辨識,關鍵在於判斷 venture 在文章中的詞性與語意。

  • venture 作名詞時,可表示:
  1. 冒險、冒險行動
  2. 具有風險的新事業、創業計畫
  3. 商業投資或新創企業

本題中,venture 出現在:

“Dr. Hare, one of the venture’s co-founders, says a dog’s intelligence can’t be described with a single number.”

翻譯:
「Hare 博士是這項事業的共同創辦人之一,他表示,狗的智力無法用單一數字描述。」

句中的 co-founders(共同創辦人) 明確表示 venture 指的是一家公司或新創事業,而不是抽象的冒險行動。

關鍵單字與片語

  • recently-founded:最近成立的
  • company:公司
  • cognitive traits:認知特徵
  • intellect:智力
  • empathy:同理心
  • reasoning skills:推理能力
  • venture:新事業、新創公司
  • co-founder:共同創辦人
  • questionnaire:問卷
  • cognitive profile:認知特徵概況
  • category:類別
  • shed new light on:帶來新的理解、提供嶄新觀點
  • rely on:依賴
  • enrich the relationship:增進關係

解題方法

第一段已先說明:

“a recently-founded company called Dognition”

翻譯:
「一家名為 Dognition、最近成立的公司。」

第二段再次以 the venture 指稱前文的 Dognition。這是閱讀文章中常見的「同義替代」:作者為避免重複使用 company,改用 venture 代稱這項新創事業。

此外,one of the venture’s co-founders 的結構是:

one of+複數名詞\text{one of}+\text{複數名詞}

表示「……其中之一」。既然後面接的是 co-founders,可知 venture 必須是能夠被創辦、經營的事業或公司。

因此,venture 在本題最接近 new business(新事業)。

選項分析

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第 60 題

【題組共用題幹】

Is your dog an Einstein or a Charmer? For US $60, a recently-founded company called Dognition will help you learn more about your dog’s cognitive traits. It offers an online test telling you about the brain behind the bark.

Dognition’s test measures a dog’s intellect in several aspects—from empathy to memory to reasoning skills. But don’t expect it to measure your pet’s IQ. Dr. Hare, one of the venture’s co-founders, says a dog’s intelligence can’t be described with a single number. Just as humans have a wide range of intelligences, so do dogs. The question is what type your dog relies on more.

After you plunk your money down, Dognition’s website will take you through a questionnaire about your dog: For example, how excited does your dog get around other dogs, or children? Do fireworks scare your pup? Then, Dognition guides you through tests that are as fun as playing fetch or hide-and-seek. At the end, you get a report of your dog’s cognitive profile.

Your dog could fall into one of nine categories: Ace, Stargazer, Maverick, Charmer, Socialite, Protodog, Einstein, Expert, or Renaissance Dog. That can give you something to brag about on Dognition’s Facebook page. It also can shed new light on why dogs do the things they do. For example, a Charmer is a dog that trusts you so much that it would prefer to solve problems using information you give it rather than information it can get with its own eyes.

Dognition helps people understand their dogs in ways that they have never been able to do. This new understanding can enrich the relationship between dogs and their owners.

According to the passage, what would a Charmer most likely do?

(A) Stay away from people whenever possible.
(B) Imitate how other dogs solve problems.
(C) Rely on its owner to point out where a treat is.
(D) Follow its own senses to get what it wants.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查英文閱讀理解中的「細節定位」與「代名詞、比較結構的語意判讀」。

文章指出,九種狗狗認知類型中的 Charmer 具有高度信任主人的特質,因此解決問題時,會優先依賴主人提供的資訊,而不是依靠自己的視覺或感官判斷。

關鍵句為:

“A Charmer is a dog that trusts you so much that it would prefer to solve problems using information you give it rather than information it can get with its own eyes.”

翻譯:

Charmer 是一種非常信任主人的狗,因此牠比較喜歡利用主人提供的資訊來解決問題,而不是利用自己親眼取得的資訊。

句中的重要結構是:

  • trust A so much that...:如此信任 A,以致於……
  • prefer A rather than B:偏好 A,而不是 B
  • information you give it:你提供給牠的資訊
  • information it can get with its own eyes:牠靠自己的眼睛取得的資訊

因此,Charmer 會依賴主人指示,而非只相信自己的感官。

解題方法

先定位文章中直接描述 Charmer 行為的句子,再將選項逐一與句意比對。

題幹問:

“According to the passage, what would a Charmer most likely do?”

意思是:

根據文章,Charmer 最有可能做什麼?

關鍵句明確形成對比:

主人的資訊  >  狗自己用眼睛取得的資訊\text{主人的資訊} \;>\; \text{狗自己用眼睛取得的資訊}

也就是說,Charmer 解決問題時,會優先採用主人提供的線索。若主人指出零食所在位置,Charmer 便會依靠主人的指示取得零食。

關鍵單字與片語

  • cognitive traits:認知特質
  • cognitive profile:認知特徵、認知輪廓
  • intellect:智力
  • empathy:同理心
  • memory:記憶力
  • reasoning skills:推理能力
  • rely on:依賴、依靠
  • trust:信任
  • solve problems:解決問題
  • information:資訊
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第 61 題

【題組共用題幹】

Based on the limited available information, the ____ of animals spreading the COVID-19 virus to people is considered low. There is no evidence that viruses can spread to people or other animals from a pet's skin, fur or hair. However, keep in mind that young children, people with weakened ____ systems, and people age 65 and older are more likely to get sick from some other germs that animals can carry. To protect your pet ____ the COVID-19 virus, don't let your dog or cat interact with people or animals outside your household. If you have COVID-19 and your pet becomes sick, don't take your pet to the veterinarian yourself. Instead, contact the veterinarian. He or she might offer advice through a virtual visit or make another plan for treating your pet. Testing is only ____ for pets that have symptoms and have been exposed to a person with COVID-19. If your pet tests positive for the virus that causes COVID-19, follow the same precautions you would if a family member became ____.

(A) risk
(B) challenge
(C) task
(D) competition

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考克漏字中的「語意判斷」與固定搭配:

  • risk:風險、危險性
  • the risk of + V-ing:做某事的風險
  • spreading the COVID-19 virus to people:將 COVID-19 病毒傳播給人類

句型為:

the ____ of animals spreading the COVID-19 virus to people

空格後接 of + V-ing,表示「動物將病毒傳給人類的……」。依文章內容,主旨是在說動物傳播病毒給人的「風險」很低,因此應填 risk。

解題方法

先觀察空格前後的結構:

the ____ of animals spreading ...\text{the } \_\_\_\_ \text{ of animals spreading ...}

其中 of animals spreading ... 是介系詞片語,修飾前面的名詞,意思是「動物散播病毒這件事的……」。

再根據後面的關鍵語句:

is considered low

意為「被認為很低」。能與 low 搭配,且符合公共衛生語境的名詞是 risk:

the risk ... is considered low
這項風險被認為很低。

完整句子為:

Based on the limited available information, the risk of animals spreading the COVID-19 virus to people is considered low.

翻譯:

根據目前有限的可用資訊,動物將 COVID-19 病毒傳播給人類的風險被認為很低。

選項分析

(A) risk

正確。risk 表示「風險、危險性」,常用搭配為:

  • the risk of infection:感染的風險
  • the risk of spreading disease:傳播疾病的風險
  • the risk is low:風險很低

符合句意與文法結構。

(B) challenge

錯誤。challenge 表示「挑戰、難題」,通常指需要克服的困難,例如:

  • a difficult challenge:艱難的挑戰
  • face a challenge:面臨挑戰
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第 62 題

【題組共用題幹】

Based on the limited available information, the ____ of animals spreading the COVID-19 virus to people is considered low. There is no evidence that viruses can spread to people or other animals from a pet's skin, fur or hair. However, keep in mind that young children, people with weakened ____ systems, and people age 65 and older are more likely to get sick from some other germs that animals can carry. To protect your pet ____ the COVID-19 virus, don't let your dog or cat interact with people or animals outside your household. If you have COVID-19 and your pet becomes sick, don't take your pet to the veterinarian yourself. Instead, contact the veterinarian. He or she might offer advice through a virtual visit or make another plan for treating your pet. Testing is only ____ for pets that have symptoms and have been exposed to a person with COVID-19. If your pet tests positive for the virus that causes COVID-19, follow the same precautions you would if a family member became ____.

(A) immature
(B) immune
(C) vital
(D) organic

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考克漏字中的「語意判斷」與「固定搭配」。第 62 題空格位於:

people with weakened ____ systems

空格後面的名詞是 systems(系統),前面有 weakened(功能減弱的) 修飾,因此需填入能與人體防禦疾病相關、且能自然修飾 systems 的形容詞。

正確搭配為 weakened immune systems,意為「免疫系統較弱」。

解題方法

先觀察空格後的名詞:

  • immune system:免疫系統,負責辨識並抵抗病原體。
  • weakened immune systems:免疫功能減弱的系統,指免疫力較弱的族群。

題幹列出容易因動物攜帶的其他病菌而生病的人:

young children, people with weakened immune systems, and people age 65 and older are more likely to get sick from some other germs that animals can carry.

翻譯為:

「幼童、免疫系統較弱的人,以及 65 歲以上的人,比較容易因動物可能攜帶的某些其他病菌而生病。」

句中列舉的是三類抵抗感染能力較弱或較需注意的人,因此 immune 在語意與搭配上都完全符合。

文法與語意重點

  1. immune 是形容詞,意為「免疫的」或「具有免疫力的」。
  2. system 是可數名詞,常見固定搭配為:
  • immune system:免疫系統
  • nervous system:神經系統
  • digestive system:消化系統
  • respiratory system:呼吸系統
  1. weakened 是過去分詞作形容詞,表示「被削弱的、功能減弱的」。
    weakened immune systems 的結構為:

weakened(形容詞)+immune(形容詞)+systems(名詞)\text{weakened(形容詞)}+\text{immune(形容詞)}+\text{systems(名詞)}

  1. people with weakened immune systems 中,介系詞 with 表示「具有……的人」,整體意為「具有較弱免疫系統的人」。

選項分析

(A) immature

immature 意為「不成熟的、未發育完全的」。
雖然幼童的免疫系統可能尚未完全成熟,但英文通常不說 **weakened immature system

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第 63 題

【題組共用題幹】

Based on the limited available information, the ____ of animals spreading the COVID-19 virus to people is considered low. There is no evidence that viruses can spread to people or other animals from a pet's skin, fur or hair. However, keep in mind that young children, people with weakened ____ systems, and people age 65 and older are more likely to get sick from some other germs that animals can carry. To protect your pet ____ the COVID-19 virus, don't let your dog or cat interact with people or animals outside your household. If you have COVID-19 and your pet becomes sick, don't take your pet to the veterinarian yourself. Instead, contact the veterinarian. He or she might offer advice through a virtual visit or make another plan for treating your pet. Testing is only ____ for pets that have symptoms and have been exposed to a person with COVID-19. If your pet tests positive for the virus that causes COVID-19, follow the same precautions you would if a family member became ____.

(A) to
(B) for
(C) against
(D) from

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「動詞與介系詞的固定搭配」及上下文語意判斷,關鍵句為:

To protect your pet ____ the COVID-19 virus, don't let your dog or cat interact with people or animals outside your household.
為了保護你的寵物免受 COVID-19 病毒的危害,不要讓狗或貓與家戶以外的人或動物接觸。

句型為:

protect+人/動物+against+危險、疾病或威脅\text{protect}+\text{人/動物}+\text{against}+\text{危險、疾病或威脅}

protect A against B 表示「保護 A,使其抵抗或免受 B 的侵害」,因此答案為 against。


解題方法

先觀察空格前後:

  • 空格前:protect your pet
  • 空格後:the COVID-19 virus

COVID-19 virus 是一種可能造成危害的疾病威脅,因此需要使用表示「防禦、抵抗」的介系詞 against。

完整句子為:

To protect your pet against the COVID-19 virus, don't let your dog or cat interact with people or animals outside your household.

意思是:

為了保護你的寵物抵抗 COVID-19 病毒,不要讓寵物與家戶以外的人或動物互動。

上下文也提供明確線索:後面說明不要讓寵物接觸外界的人或動物,這正是「採取防禦措施以避免病毒威脅」的語意。


選項分析

(A) to

protect A to B 不是本句表示「保護 A 免受 B 傷害」的正確搭配。

  • to 常表示方向或目的,例如:
  • go to school
  • give the book to him
  • 不能直接接在 protect your pet 後面表示防護對象。

因此錯誤。

(B) for

protect A for B 通常不表示「保護 A 免受 B 的侵害」。

  • for 可表示對象、目的或受益者,例如:
  • This gift is for you.
  • exercise is good for your health
  • 但本句需要的是「防禦病毒」的介系詞,不是「為了病毒」或「對病毒而言」。

因此錯誤。

(C) against

protect A against B 是正確搭配,表示「保護 A 免受 B 的侵害」或「使 A 防禦 B」。

常見例句:

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第 64 題

【題組共用題幹】

Based on the limited available information, the ____ of animals spreading the COVID-19 virus to people is considered low. There is no evidence that viruses can spread to people or other animals from a pet's skin, fur or hair. However, keep in mind that young children, people with weakened ____ systems, and people age 65 and older are more likely to get sick from some other germs that animals can carry. To protect your pet ____ the COVID-19 virus, don't let your dog or cat interact with people or animals outside your household. If you have COVID-19 and your pet becomes sick, don't take your pet to the veterinarian yourself. Instead, contact the veterinarian. He or she might offer advice through a virtual visit or make another plan for treating your pet. Testing is only ____ for pets that have symptoms and have been exposed to a person with COVID-19. If your pet tests positive for the virus that causes COVID-19, follow the same precautions you would if a family member became ____.

(A) recommend
(B) recommended
(C) comment
(D) to comment

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. 被動語態:be + 過去分詞
  2. 過去分詞作形容詞
  3. recommend 的詞性與句型
  4. 依上下文判斷「建議」的語意

關鍵句為:

Testing is only ____ for pets that have symptoms and have been exposed to a person with COVID-19.

句意是:

只有出現症狀,且曾暴露於 COVID-19 感染者的寵物,才會被建議接受檢測。

空格前為 is,後方接介系詞片語 for pets,因此需要填入能與 is 構成「被建議」的過去分詞 recommended。


解題方法

先觀察句型:

Testing is only recommended for pets...\text{Testing is only recommended for pets...}

其中:

  • Testing:動名詞,作主詞,意為「檢測」
  • is:be 動詞
  • recommended:過去分詞,構成被動語態
  • for pets:說明建議適用的對象

主動句可還原為:

Veterinarians only recommend testing for certain pets.

改成被動句後:

Testing is only recommended for certain pets.

因此空格應填 recommended。


定位答案的原文與語意

Testing is only ____ for pets that have symptoms and have been exposed to a person with COVID-19.

完整句為:

Testing is only recommended for pets that have symptoms and have been exposed to a person with COVID-19.

翻譯:

只有出現症狀,且曾暴露於 COVID-19 感染者的寵物,才被建議接受檢測。

上下文也支持「被建議」的意思。前文提到動物將 COVID-19 傳染給人的風險低,後文進一步說明並非所有寵物都需要檢測,而是針對符合特定條件的寵物。


選項分析

(A) recommend

recommend 是原形動詞,意為「建議、推薦」。

若填入後變成:

Testing is only recommend for pets...

此處 is 後面若使用主動語態動詞原形,文法不成立。正確形式須為:

  • 主動:Veterinarians recommend testing.
  • 被動:Testing is recommended.

因此 (A) 錯誤。


(B) recommended

recommended 是 recommend 的過去分詞,意為「被建議的、受到推薦的」。

句型:

Testing is recommended for pets.

意思是:

檢測被建議用於寵物。

此處符合 be + 過去分詞 的被動語態,也符合文章語意,因此 (B) 正確。


(C) comment

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第 65 題

【題組共用題幹】

Based on the limited available information, the ____ of animals spreading the COVID-19 virus to people is considered low. There is no evidence that viruses can spread to people or other animals from a pet's skin, fur or hair. However, keep in mind that young children, people with weakened ____ systems, and people age 65 and older are more likely to get sick from some other germs that animals can carry. To protect your pet ____ the COVID-19 virus, don't let your dog or cat interact with people or animals outside your household. If you have COVID-19 and your pet becomes sick, don't take your pet to the veterinarian yourself. Instead, contact the veterinarian. He or she might offer advice through a virtual visit or make another plan for treating your pet. Testing is only ____ for pets that have symptoms and have been exposed to a person with COVID-19. If your pet tests positive for the virus that causes COVID-19, follow the same precautions you would if a family member became ____.

(A) infect
(B) infecting
(C) infection
(D) infected

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「詞性判斷」與「固定句型」。空格前有定冠詞 the,空格後接 of + 名詞/動名詞片語:

the ____ of animals spreading the COVID-19 virus to people

此處需要填入名詞,構成:

the infection of animals spreading the COVID-19 virus to people

但依語意與英文慣用法,完整理解應為「動物將 COVID-19 病毒傳播給人類的感染風險」。四個選項中,只有 infection 是名詞,能放在 the + 名詞 + of... 的結構中。

定位答案的原文與翻譯

Based on the limited available information, the infection of animals spreading the COVID-19 virus to people is considered low.

翻譯:

根據目前有限的可用資訊,動物將 COVID-19 病毒傳播給人類的感染風險被認為很低。

其中 is considered low 是「被認為很低」;主詞核心為 the infection,因此動詞使用單數 is,也進一步證明空格需要填單數名詞。

解題方法

先觀察空格周圍的結構:

the + 空格 + of + V-ing\text{the + 空格 + of + V-ing}

of 後方的 animals spreading the COVID-19 virus to people 是一個名詞片語,說明感染的內容。空格本身必須作為 the 的中心名詞。

四個選項的詞性如下:

  • infect:動詞,感染
  • infecting:現在分詞/動名詞形式
  • infection:名詞,感染
  • infected:過去分詞/形容詞,受到感染的

因此文法上應選名詞 infection。

選項分析

(A) infect

infect 是動詞,意思是「感染、使感染」。

若填入後變成:

the infect of animals spreading...

the infect 並不是正確的英文名詞結構。英文中表達「感染」的名詞是 infection,不是 infect,因此錯誤。

(B) infecting

infecting 可作現在分詞,表示「正在感染」,也可作動名詞,表示「感染這件事」。

但本句已有 the ____ of... 的名詞結構,且後方的 animals spreading... 已經提供動作內容。填入 infecting 會造成結構與語意不自然:

the infecting of animals spreading...

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第 66 題

【題組共用題幹】

The greenhouse effect occurs ____ heat from the sun is trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere. ____ heat causes increases in global temperatures, directly affecting animal food sources and habitats. The greenhouse effect is directly linked to global warming. Causes of global warming include burning fossil fuels, volcanic eruptions and sunspots. Many changes attributed to the greenhouse effect cause a ripple effect, with the impact starting on smaller species and ____ reaching larger species, like humans. Increasing temperatures cause an increase in global water temperature. Algae are ____ to water temperature increases. When temperatures rise, algae die. Small fish depend on algae as a food source. ____ an abundant supply of algae, small fish die or move to another location. Small fish are a direct source of food for larger fish; thus warming waters cause a ripple effect in the food chain, eventually leading to fewer fish and a reduced food supply for animals, including humans.

(A) which
(B) where
(C) that
(D) when

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「時間副詞子句」與連接詞的用法。

題幹句型為:

The greenhouse effect occurs ____ heat from the sun is trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere.

意思是:「溫室效應發生在太陽的熱被地球大氣層困住時。」

空格後方的 heat from the sun is trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere 是完整子句,主詞為 heat,動詞為 is trapped。前面的動詞 occurs 表示「發生」,需要用表示時間的連接詞引導「何時發生」的副詞子句,因此答案為 when。

解題方法

先觀察主句:

  • The greenhouse effect occurs:溫室效應發生

再觀察空格後:

  • heat from the sun is trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere:太陽的熱被困在地球大氣層中

整句需要表達「當太陽的熱被困住時,溫室效應就會發生」,可改寫為:

The greenhouse effect occurs when heat from the sun is trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere.

when + 完整子句 可表示「當……時」,用來說明某個動作或現象發生的時間。

定位答案的原文與翻譯

The greenhouse effect occurs when heat from the sun is trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere.

翻譯:「當太陽的熱被困在地球大氣層中時,溫室效應便會發生。」

其中 when 引導時間副詞子句,修飾 occurs,說明溫室效應發生的時機。

選項分析

(A) which

which 是關係代名詞,通常用來代替前面的事物名詞,形成形容詞子句,例如:

The heat which is trapped in the atmosphere causes global warming.
被困在大氣層中的熱會造成全球暖化。

本題空格前沒有適合由 which 代替的先行詞,且句意需要的是「當……時」的時間關係,因此不選。

(B) where

where 表示「在……地方」,用來引導地點副詞子句或關係子句,例如:

This is the place where many animals live.
這是許多動物居住的地方。

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第 67 題

【題組共用題幹】

The greenhouse effect occurs ____ heat from the sun is trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere. ____ heat causes increases in global temperatures, directly affecting animal food sources and habitats. The greenhouse effect is directly linked to global warming. Causes of global warming include burning fossil fuels, volcanic eruptions and sunspots. Many changes attributed to the greenhouse effect cause a ripple effect, with the impact starting on smaller species and ____ reaching larger species, like humans. Increasing temperatures cause an increase in global water temperature. Algae are ____ to water temperature increases. When temperatures rise, algae die. Small fish depend on algae as a food source. ____ an abundant supply of algae, small fish die or move to another location. Small fish are a direct source of food for larger fish; thus warming waters cause a ripple effect in the food chain, eventually leading to fewer fish and a reduced food supply for animals, including humans.

(A) Trapping
(B) Trapped
(C) To trap
(D) Trap

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「分詞作形容詞」以及主動、被動語意的判斷。

  • 現在分詞 V−ingV-ing:表示主動或正在進行的動作。
  • 過去分詞 p.p.p.p.:表示被動或已完成的狀態。

句中「heat」是被太陽能量困住的對象,因此要用過去分詞 trapped 修飾,形成:

Trapped heat causes increases in global temperatures.
被困在大氣中的熱能會造成全球氣溫上升。

依照所提供的選項,這組選項應是對應題幹第二個空格「____ heat causes...」。若題目原意是第一個空格「The greenhouse effect occurs ____ heat...」,正確答案應為 when,但 when 不在所列選項中。

解題方法

先找出空格後的核心結構:

____ heat causes increases in global temperatures.

空格後的 heat 是名詞,空格應填入分詞作前置修飾語。

再判斷 heat 與 trap 的語意關係:

  • 熱能「被困住」:heat is trapped
  • 熱能不會主動「困住其他東西」

因此使用被動意義的過去分詞:

trapped+heat\text{trapped}+\text{heat}

完整句為:

Trapped heat causes increases in global temperatures, directly affecting animal food sources and habitats.
被困在大氣中的熱能會造成全球氣溫上升,直接影響動物的食物來源與棲息地。

選項分析

(A) Trapping

trapping heat 是動名詞或現在分詞片語,意思是「困住熱能這個動作」。若寫成:

Trapping heat causes increases...

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第 68 題

【題組共用題幹】

The greenhouse effect occurs ____ heat from the sun is trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere. ____ heat causes increases in global temperatures, directly affecting animal food sources and habitats. The greenhouse effect is directly linked to global warming. Causes of global warming include burning fossil fuels, volcanic eruptions and sunspots. Many changes attributed to the greenhouse effect cause a ripple effect, with the impact starting on smaller species and ____ reaching larger species, like humans. Increasing temperatures cause an increase in global water temperature. Algae are ____ to water temperature increases. When temperatures rise, algae die. Small fish depend on algae as a food source. ____ an abundant supply of algae, small fish die or move to another location. Small fish are a direct source of food for larger fish; thus warming waters cause a ripple effect in the food chain, eventually leading to fewer fish and a reduced food supply for animals, including humans.

(A) eventually
(B) initially
(C) rarely
(D) casually

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「副詞的語意判斷」與「文章前後文邏輯」。空格位於:

Many changes attributed to the greenhouse effect cause a ripple effect, with the impact starting on smaller species and ____ reaching larger species, like humans.

句型為:

  • with + 名詞 + V-ing:表示伴隨某種狀態或過程
  • starting ... and eventually reaching ...:兩個並列的現在分詞片語
  • eventually 表示「最後、終究」,用來描述影響由小型物種逐步擴展至大型物種的結果。

解題方法

先抓住關鍵對比:

the impact starting on smaller species and ____ reaching larger species

前半句指出影響「從較小型的物種開始」,後半句應接「最後影響較大型的物種」,形成由小到大的發展順序。

因此完整句意為:

許多由溫室效應造成的變化會產生連鎖效應,影響從較小型的物種開始,最後擴及人類等較大型的物種。

能表達「經過一段發展後,最後到達」的副詞是 eventually。

選項分析

(A) eventually 最後,終究

正確。表示影響先發生在小型物種,經過食物鏈的連鎖作用後,最後擴展至大型物種,如人類。

文章後文也提供明確線索:

Small fish are a direct source of food for larger fish; thus warming waters cause a ripple effect in the food chain, eventually leading to fewer fish and a reduced food supply for animals, including humans.

翻譯:

小魚是大型魚類的直接食物來源;因此,暖化的水域會在食物鏈中造成連鎖效應,最後導致魚類數量減少,並使包括人類在內的動物食物供應降低。

同一段落兩次使用「連鎖效應最後造成結果」的概念,與 eventually 完全一致。

(B) initially 起初,最初

錯誤。initially 表示「一開始」,若填入句中,會變成:

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第 69 題

【題組共用題幹】

The greenhouse effect occurs ____ heat from the sun is trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere. ____ heat causes increases in global temperatures, directly affecting animal food sources and habitats. The greenhouse effect is directly linked to global warming. Causes of global warming include burning fossil fuels, volcanic eruptions and sunspots. Many changes attributed to the greenhouse effect cause a ripple effect, with the impact starting on smaller species and ____ reaching larger species, like humans. Increasing temperatures cause an increase in global water temperature. Algae are ____ to water temperature increases. When temperatures rise, algae die. Small fish depend on algae as a food source. ____ an abundant supply of algae, small fish die or move to another location. Small fish are a direct source of food for larger fish; thus warming waters cause a ripple effect in the food chain, eventually leading to fewer fish and a reduced food supply for animals, including humans.

(A) clumsy
(B) sensitive
(C) interested
(D) comprehensive

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「形容詞語意」與固定搭配,句型為:

主詞+be動詞+形容詞+to+名詞\text{主詞}+\text{be動詞}+\text{形容詞}+\text{to}+\text{名詞}

文中說明全球暖化造成水溫上升,藻類會因水溫升高而死亡,因此要選表示「對某種變化敏感、容易受其影響」的形容詞。

關鍵搭配為:

be sensitive to + 名詞
對……敏感;容易受到……影響

解題方法

定位答案的句子:

Algae are ____ to water temperature increases.
藻類對水溫升高很____。

下一句提供直接線索:

When temperatures rise, algae die.
當溫度升高時,藻類會死亡。

由此可知,藻類對水溫上升的反應十分明顯,符合 sensitive to 的語意,因此填入:

Algae are sensitive to water temperature increases.
藻類對水溫升高很敏感。

選項分析

(A) clumsy:笨拙的;不得體的

通常用來形容動作不靈活、做事粗手粗腳,例如 a clumsy person。不表示生物對環境因素的敏感程度,且 clumsy to water temperature increases 不是合理搭配,錯誤。

(B) sensitive:敏感的;容易受到影響的

與介系詞 to 構成固定搭配 be sensitive to,正好表示藻類容易受到水溫上升影響。後文「水溫升高,藻類死亡」也完全支持此語意,正確。

(C) interested:感興趣的

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第 70 題

【題組共用題幹】

The greenhouse effect occurs ____ heat from the sun is trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere. ____ heat causes increases in global temperatures, directly affecting animal food sources and habitats. The greenhouse effect is directly linked to global warming. Causes of global warming include burning fossil fuels, volcanic eruptions and sunspots. Many changes attributed to the greenhouse effect cause a ripple effect, with the impact starting on smaller species and ____ reaching larger species, like humans. Increasing temperatures cause an increase in global water temperature. Algae are ____ to water temperature increases. When temperatures rise, algae die. Small fish depend on algae as a food source. ____ an abundant supply of algae, small fish die or move to another location. Small fish are a direct source of food for larger fish; thus warming waters cause a ripple effect in the food chain, eventually leading to fewer fish and a reduced food supply for animals, including humans.

(A) Regardless of
(B) Due to
(C) Without
(D) With

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 70 題考的是介系詞片語的語意判斷,重點在於:

  • without + 名詞:沒有……;缺乏……
  • with + 名詞:有……;伴隨……
  • due to + 名詞:由於……;因為……
  • regardless of + 名詞:不管……;不論……

空格後接名詞片語 an abundant supply of algae,四個選項在文法上皆可接名詞,但必須依照上下文判斷邏輯關係。

解題方法

定位答案的關鍵句是:

Without an abundant supply of algae, small fish die or move to another location.
沒有充足的藻類供應,小魚就會死亡或移往其他地方。

前文指出:

Small fish depend on algae as a food source.
小魚依賴藻類作為食物來源。

既然小魚以藻類為食,當藻類因水溫升高而死亡,導致藻類供應不足時,小魚便會死亡或遷移。因此空格需要表達「缺乏藻類」的條件,最適合的是 Without。

句型可整理為:

Without + 名詞片語, 主詞 + 動詞\text{Without + 名詞片語},\ \text{主詞 + 動詞}

意思是「如果沒有……,就會……」。

選項分析

(A) Regardless of

regardless of + 名詞 表示「不管……;不論……」。

若填入:

Regardless of an abundant supply of algae, small fish die or move to another location.

意思是「不管是否有充足的藻類供應,小魚都會死亡或移動」,這與前文「小魚依賴藻類作為食物來源」的因果關係不符,因此錯誤。

(B) Due to

due to + 名詞 表示「由於……;因為……」,用來說明原因。

若填入:

Due to an abundant supply of algae, small fish die or move to another location.

意思是「由於藻類供應充足,小魚死亡或移動」,語意與文章相反。藻類充足應有利於小魚生存,不能造成小魚死亡,因此錯誤。

(C) Without

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第 71 題

【題組共用題幹】

Veterinary medicine is one of the most popular and rewarding career options for animal lovers, so, if you love animals, there are some reasons to pursue a career as a veterinarian. ____, it is an interesting work. No two days are ____ for a veterinarian. You will get to examine different types of animals, see a ____ of injuries and conditions, and utilize many diagnostic tools to determine the best plans of action. You never know what will come through the clinic door on any given day. Second, you will get an excellent salary. Veterinary medicine is one of the animal careers that can offer a high-paying salary, though you do have to take into consideration all the educational costs of obtaining that coveted DVM degree. Veterinarians earn a median salary of 89,000 as of early 2019, with a salary ____ between 50,000 and $200,000 per year. Those with additional specialty training or board certifications can earn even higher salaries.

Moreover, vets get to meet many members of the community by virtue of seeing their animals for appointments and emergencies. They also have opportunities to educate and advise owners about a variety of important health issues, ____ spay/neuter programs and proper nutrition for their animals.

(A) First
(B) Thus
(C) By the way
(D) Then

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考克漏字中的「篇章銜接」與「順序副詞」用法。前文指出,喜愛動物的人適合追求獸醫職涯;空格後接著介紹成為獸醫的第一個理由,因此需要能表示「第一」的順序副詞。

關鍵句為:

There are some reasons to pursue a career as a veterinarian. ____, it is an interesting work.
追求獸醫職涯有一些理由。第一,它是一份有趣的工作。

後文又出現:

Second, you will get an excellent salary.
第二,你將獲得優良的薪資。

既然後文使用 Second,前一項自然應以 First 開始,形成 First ..., Second ... 的條列結構。

解題方法

先觀察文章的論述順序:

  1. 第一個理由:獸醫工作有趣。
  2. 第二個理由:獸醫薪資優良。
  3. 其他優點:能認識社區人士,並教育飼主。

空格位於第一個理由之前,且下一段明確使用 Second,因此空格須填入與 Second 相互呼應的 First。

完整句子為:

First, it is an interesting work. No two days are the same for a veterinarian.

翻譯:

第一,這是一份有趣的工作。對獸醫而言,沒有哪兩天是完全相同的。

選項分析

(A) First

正確。First 可作為順序副詞,表示「第一、首先」,用來引出列舉中的第一個理由。它與後文的 Second 構成明確的順序對應:

First ..., Second ...

填入後語意與篇章結構完整:

First, it is an interesting work.
第一,這是一份有趣的工作。

(B) Thus

錯誤。Thus 表示「因此、所以」,用於引導因果結論。前文只是說獸醫是受動物愛好者歡迎且有回報的職涯,後文則開始列舉選擇獸醫工作的理由,並非由前句推導出的結果,因此不適合放在此處。

若填入:

Thus, it is an interesting work.

會變成「因此,這是一份有趣的工作」,但前文沒有提供足以推出「工作有趣」的因果依據,語意銜接不自然。

(C) By the way

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第 72 題

【題組共用題幹】

Veterinary medicine is one of the most popular and rewarding career options for animal lovers, so, if you love animals, there are some reasons to pursue a career as a veterinarian. ____, it is an interesting work. No two days are ____ for a veterinarian. You will get to examine different types of animals, see a ____ of injuries and conditions, and utilize many diagnostic tools to determine the best plans of action. You never know what will come through the clinic door on any given day. Second, you will get an excellent salary. Veterinary medicine is one of the animal careers that can offer a high-paying salary, though you do have to take into consideration all the educational costs of obtaining that coveted DVM degree. Veterinarians earn a median salary of 89,000 as of early 2019, with a salary ____ between 50,000 and $200,000 per year. Those with additional specialty training or board certifications can earn even higher salaries.

Moreover, vets get to meet many members of the community by virtue of seeing their animals for appointments and emergencies. They also have opportunities to educate and advise owners about a variety of important health issues, ____ spay/neuter programs and proper nutrition for their animals.

(A) like
(B) likewise
(C) alike
(D) likely

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「副詞與連接副詞的句中功能及語意」。空格位於句首,後面接逗號:

____, it is an interesting work.

此處需要一個能承接前文、引出另一項理由的副詞。前文提到獸醫是動物愛好者值得追求的職業,接著說明第一個理由;因此空格應表達「同樣地、此外、也是如此」的意思。

解題方法

先觀察空格位置與標點:

____, it is an interesting work.

句首逗號通常提示此處需要副詞或連接副詞,而不是介系詞或形容詞。再依文章語意判斷:

  • 後文開始列舉成為獸醫的理由。
  • 本段先說工作有趣,接著以 Second 說明薪資優渥。
  • 因此空格應具有承接、補充另一項理由的功能。

最適合的句子是:

Likewise, it is an interesting work.
同樣地,這也是一份有趣的工作。

所以答案為 (B) likewise。

定位答案的關鍵句

Veterinary medicine is one of the most popular and rewarding career options for animal lovers, so, if you love animals, there are some reasons to pursue a career as a veterinarian. Likewise, it is an interesting work. No two days are alike for a veterinarian.

翻譯:

獸醫學是動物愛好者最喜歡且最有成就感的職涯選擇之一。因此,如果你喜愛動物,就有一些理由可以追求獸醫師這份職業。同樣地,這也是一份有趣的工作。對獸醫師而言,沒有兩天是相同的。

下一句:

No two days are alike for a veterinarian.

已明確說明獸醫師每天面對的情況不同,正好支持「這是一份有趣的工作」這項理由。

選項分析

(A) like

like 可作為介系詞,表示「像、如同」,後面通常接名詞或代名詞:

  • She looks like her mother.
  • Animals like dogs and cats need regular care.

本題空格後直接接完整句子 it is an interesting work,沒有適當的受詞可供 like 修飾;而且 Like, it is an interesting work 也無法自然表達「此外、同樣地」的承接關係,因此錯誤。

(B) likewise

likewise 是副詞,表示「同樣地、也、此外」。可放在句首,後面常接逗號,用來承接前文:

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第 73 題

【題組共用題幹】

Veterinary medicine is one of the most popular and rewarding career options for animal lovers, so, if you love animals, there are some reasons to pursue a career as a veterinarian. ____, it is an interesting work. No two days are ____ for a veterinarian. You will get to examine different types of animals, see a ____ of injuries and conditions, and utilize many diagnostic tools to determine the best plans of action. You never know what will come through the clinic door on any given day. Second, you will get an excellent salary. Veterinary medicine is one of the animal careers that can offer a high-paying salary, though you do have to take into consideration all the educational costs of obtaining that coveted DVM degree. Veterinarians earn a median salary of 89,000 as of early 2019, with a salary ____ between 50,000 and $200,000 per year. Those with additional specialty training or board certifications can earn even higher salaries.

Moreover, vets get to meet many members of the community by virtue of seeing their animals for appointments and emergencies. They also have opportunities to educate and advise owners about a variety of important health issues, ____ spay/neuter programs and proper nutrition for their animals.

(A) variety
(B) kind
(C) type
(D) anxiety

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考的是克漏字中的「固定搭配」與語意判斷:

see a variety of injuries and conditions

a variety of + 可數名詞複數表示「各式各樣的……、多種……」。句中 veterinarian 會接觸不同動物、不同傷勢與疾病,因此需要表達「多種傷勢與病況」。

解題方法

先觀察空格後面的結構:

a ____ of injuries and conditions

空格前有不定冠詞 a,後面接 of + 複數名詞。四個選項中,能自然形成固定搭配並符合語意的是 a variety of。

定位答案的關鍵句為:

You will get to examine different types of animals, see a variety of injuries and conditions, and utilize many diagnostic tools to determine the best plans of action.

翻譯:

你將有機會檢查不同種類的動物,看見各式各樣的傷勢與病況,並運用許多診斷工具來決定最佳的處置方案。

前文的 different types of animals 已經呈現「種類多樣」的概念,後文延續說明獸醫工作會遇到多種傷勢與病況,因此 variety 在文法與語意上都最吻合。

選項分析

(A) variety:正確

a variety of + 複數名詞是標準搭配,表示「各式各樣的、多種的」。

  • a variety of injuries:各式各樣的傷勢
  • a variety of conditions:各種病況

放入原句後:

see a variety of injuries and conditions

語意完整,符合獸醫每天接觸不同病例的情境。

(B) kind:錯誤

kind 表示「種類、類型」,常見搭配為:

  • a kind of + 單數名詞或不可數名詞:一種……
  • different kinds of + 複數名詞:不同種類的……

若寫成:

see a kind of injuries and conditions

會產生數量與文法不一致的問題。a kind of 通常表示「一種」,但 injuries and conditions 是複數,且上下文要表達的是「多種」,並非「一種」。

較自然的表達應是:

see different kinds of injuries and conditions

但題目選項只有 kind,無法直接構成正確句意。

(C) type:錯誤

type 也有「類型、種類」之意,常見用法為:

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第 74 題

【題組共用題幹】

Veterinary medicine is one of the most popular and rewarding career options for animal lovers, so, if you love animals, there are some reasons to pursue a career as a veterinarian. ____, it is an interesting work. No two days are ____ for a veterinarian. You will get to examine different types of animals, see a ____ of injuries and conditions, and utilize many diagnostic tools to determine the best plans of action. You never know what will come through the clinic door on any given day. Second, you will get an excellent salary. Veterinary medicine is one of the animal careers that can offer a high-paying salary, though you do have to take into consideration all the educational costs of obtaining that coveted DVM degree. Veterinarians earn a median salary of 89,000 as of early 2019, with a salary ____ between 50,000 and $200,000 per year. Those with additional specialty training or board certifications can earn even higher salaries.

Moreover, vets get to meet many members of the community by virtue of seeing their animals for appointments and emergencies. They also have opportunities to educate and advise owners about a variety of important health issues, ____ spay/neuter programs and proper nutrition for their animals.

(A) scale
(B) range
(C) relation
(D) connection

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考克漏字中的「固定搭配」與語意判斷,目標句為:

Veterinarians earn a median salary of 89,000 as of early 2019, with a salary ____ between 50,000 and $200,000 per year.

句意為:

截至 2019 年初,獸醫師的年薪中位數為 89,000 美元,薪資範圍介於每年 50,000 至 200,000 美元之間。

空格後方接 between A and B,表示「介於 A 與 B 之間」,因此需要能表示「範圍」的名詞。

關鍵單字與片語

  • veterinary medicine:獸醫學
  • rewarding:有成就感的;值得的
  • pursue a career as a veterinarian:追求獸醫師職涯
  • examine:檢查;診察
  • a variety of:各式各樣的
  • diagnostic tools:診斷工具
  • plan of action:行動方案
  • come through the clinic door:來到診所
  • take into consideration:將……納入考量
  • educational costs:教育成本
  • coveted:令人渴望取得的
  • median salary:薪資中位數
  • additional specialty training:額外的專科訓練
  • board certification:專科醫師認證
  • by virtue of:藉由;因為
  • appointment:預約門診
  • spay/neuter programs:母犬母貓絕育/公犬公貓去勢計畫
  • proper nutrition:適當的營養

解題方法

先觀察空格前後的搭配:

a salary ____ between 50,000and50,000 and 200,000 per year

「薪資介於兩個金額之間」最自然的英文表達是:

a salary range between A and B

其中:

  • salary:薪資
  • range:範圍
  • between A and B:介於 A 與 B 之間

文章先提供「薪資中位數」89,000 美元,接著補充薪資的上下範圍,語意銜接完整:

median salary of 89,000,withasalaryrangebetween89,000, with a salary range between 50,000 and $200,000

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第 75 題

【題組共用題幹】

Veterinary medicine is one of the most popular and rewarding career options for animal lovers, so, if you love animals, there are some reasons to pursue a career as a veterinarian. ____, it is an interesting work. No two days are ____ for a veterinarian. You will get to examine different types of animals, see a ____ of injuries and conditions, and utilize many diagnostic tools to determine the best plans of action. You never know what will come through the clinic door on any given day. Second, you will get an excellent salary. Veterinary medicine is one of the animal careers that can offer a high-paying salary, though you do have to take into consideration all the educational costs of obtaining that coveted DVM degree. Veterinarians earn a median salary of 89,000 as of early 2019, with a salary ____ between 50,000 and $200,000 per year. Those with additional specialty training or board certifications can earn even higher salaries.

Moreover, vets get to meet many members of the community by virtue of seeing their animals for appointments and emergencies. They also have opportunities to educate and advise owners about a variety of important health issues, ____ spay/neuter programs and proper nutrition for their animals.

(A) and that
(B) for instance
(C) whereas
(D) such as

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. such as + 名詞(片語):表示「例如、像是」,用來列舉前面名詞的具體例子。
  2. 名詞與語意的對應:前面的 a variety of important health issues 是泛指「各種重要的健康議題」,後面應接具體例子。
  3. 句型平行與文意銜接:spay/neuter programs 和 proper nutrition 都是可供飼主了解與諮詢的健康議題,因此由 such as 引導最自然。

解題方法

定位關鍵句:

They also have opportunities to educate and advise owners about a variety of important health issues, ____ spay/neuter programs and proper nutrition for their animals.

翻譯:

他們也有機會教育並建議飼主各種重要的健康議題,例如替動物進行絕育的計畫,以及適當的動物營養。

句中:

  • a variety of important health issues:各種重要的健康議題
  • spay/neuter programs and proper nutrition:前述健康議題的具體例子

因此空格需要一個能直接接名詞片語、表示「例如」的片語:

a variety of health issues+such as+名詞片語\text{a variety of health issues} + \text{such as} + \text{名詞片語}

套入後:

They also have opportunities to educate and advise owners about a variety of important health issues, such as spay/neuter programs and proper nutrition for their animals.

文法與語意均成立。

選項分析

(A) and that

and that 通常表示「而且那件事」,需要連接完整子句或前後具有相應的句型結構。

本句空格後為:

spay/neuter programs and proper nutrition

這是名詞片語,不是完整子句;而且 and that 也沒有「例如」的列舉功能,因此錯誤。

(B) for instance

for instance 也有「例如」之意,但通常作為副詞片語使用,常見形式為:

For instance, S + V.

或:

..., for instance, 名詞片語.

本題原句在空格前已經有逗號:

health issues, ____ spay/neuter programs

若填入 for instance,後面通常還需要逗號:

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第 76 題

【題組共用題幹】

The Kaohsiung City Agriculture Bureau said that it is not illegal for students to use BB guns to ____ themselves from monkeys, after a video was shared showing a female student carrying a BB gun to take a food delivery at Sun Yat-sen University. A driver for the popular food delivery service, Foodpanda, uploaded a video to social media. In the video, a student, ____ with a BB pistol, is coming out of the female dormitory to take delivery of her meal. The student is at an extreme state of alert, watching for marauding macaques that have learned to recognize the bright pink Foodpanda and vivid green Uber Eats delivery boxes. The Formosan macaques have learned that arrival of one of these scooters ____ a good opportunity to ____ a free meal. While the coast at first seems clear, and the student is ready to take delivery, another female student, carrying what appears to be a bag of food, suddenly runs past behind her with two monkeys in hot pursuit. Unable to dodge one of the intimidating monkeys, the woman suddenly drops the bag she is holding, and abandons the contents to avoid _____.

(A) promote
(B) protect
(C) propose
(D) progress

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. 動詞搭配
  2. 不定詞結構:to+原形動詞to + 原形動詞
  3. protect A from B 的固定用法,表示「保護 A 免受 B 傷害」

句型為:

use BB guns to protect themselves from monkeys

其中:

  • use A to V:使用 A 來做某事
  • protect oneself from ...:保護自己免受……侵害
  • themselves 是反身代名詞,指前面的 students

解題方法

先觀察空格前後:

use BB guns to ____ themselves from monkeys

to 後面必須接原形動詞,因此四個選項在詞性上皆可放入,但必須進一步判斷語意與搭配。

題意是:學生使用 BB 槍來「保護自己,避免受到猴子攻擊」。英文中「保護某人免受某事物傷害」的固定搭配是:

protect someone from something

因此空格應填 protect。

定位答案的原文

The Kaohsiung City Agriculture Bureau said that it is not illegal for students to use BB guns to protect themselves from monkeys.

翻譯:

高雄市農業局表示,學生使用 BB 槍來保護自己免受猴子侵擾,並不違法。

protect themselves from monkeys 直接表達「保護自己免受猴子侵害」,與全文中猴子搶奪外送食物、追逐學生的情境完全吻合。

選項分析

(A) promote

promote 表示「促進、推廣、升遷」,常見搭配如:

  • promote economic growth:促進經濟成長
  • promote a product:推廣產品
  • promote an employee:升遷員工
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第 77 題

【題組共用題幹】

The Kaohsiung City Agriculture Bureau said that it is not illegal for students to use BB guns to ____ themselves from monkeys, after a video was shared showing a female student carrying a BB gun to take a food delivery at Sun Yat-sen University. A driver for the popular food delivery service, Foodpanda, uploaded a video to social media. In the video, a student, ____ with a BB pistol, is coming out of the female dormitory to take delivery of her meal. The student is at an extreme state of alert, watching for marauding macaques that have learned to recognize the bright pink Foodpanda and vivid green Uber Eats delivery boxes. The Formosan macaques have learned that arrival of one of these scooters ____ a good opportunity to ____ a free meal. While the coast at first seems clear, and the student is ready to take delivery, another female student, carrying what appears to be a bag of food, suddenly runs past behind her with two monkeys in hot pursuit. Unable to dodge one of the intimidating monkeys, the woman suddenly drops the bag she is holding, and abandons the contents to avoid _____.

(A) arm
(B) handed
(C) hand
(D) armed

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. to + 原形動詞 的文法。
  2. arm oneself 的固定用法。
  3. 依上下文判斷動詞語意。

句型為:

use BB guns to ____ themselves from monkeys

to 後面必須接原形動詞;語意則是「使用 BB 槍武裝自己,以防範猴子」。

arm oneself 表示「武裝自己、使自己配備武器」。因此 arm themselves 即「武裝他們自己」。


解題方法

定位答案的關鍵句是:

The Kaohsiung City Agriculture Bureau said that it is not illegal for students to use BB guns to ____ themselves from monkeys.

翻譯:

高雄市農業局表示,學生使用 BB 槍武裝自己以防範猴子,並不違法。

句中 to 是不定詞符號,因此空格要填原形動詞。四個選項中,只有 arm 是原形動詞,且符合「武裝自己」的語意。

完整句為:

use BB guns to arm themselves from monkeys

其中 themselves 是反身代名詞,指回 students;arm themselves 表示「武裝自己」。

英文中更常見的搭配是 arm oneself against danger,本題使用 from monkeys 表示「防範猴子所造成的威脅」,依題意仍可成立。


選項分析

(A) arm:正確。

arm 是原形動詞,符合 to + 原形動詞 的規則;arm oneself 表示「武裝自己」。填入後:

use BB guns to arm themselves from monkeys

語法與語意皆符合。

(B) handed:錯誤。

handed 是 hand 的過去式或過去分詞,不能放在 to 後面。hand oneself 也不表示「武裝自己」;hand 常見意思是「交給、遞給」。

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第 78 題

【題組共用題幹】

The Kaohsiung City Agriculture Bureau said that it is not illegal for students to use BB guns to ____ themselves from monkeys, after a video was shared showing a female student carrying a BB gun to take a food delivery at Sun Yat-sen University. A driver for the popular food delivery service, Foodpanda, uploaded a video to social media. In the video, a student, ____ with a BB pistol, is coming out of the female dormitory to take delivery of her meal. The student is at an extreme state of alert, watching for marauding macaques that have learned to recognize the bright pink Foodpanda and vivid green Uber Eats delivery boxes. The Formosan macaques have learned that arrival of one of these scooters ____ a good opportunity to ____ a free meal. While the coast at first seems clear, and the student is ready to take delivery, another female student, carrying what appears to be a bag of food, suddenly runs past behind her with two monkeys in hot pursuit. Unable to dodge one of the intimidating monkeys, the woman suddenly drops the bag she is holding, and abandons the contents to avoid _____.

(A) be
(B) were
(C) are
(D) is

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:主詞動詞一致與句型判斷

本題考查現在式中主詞與動詞的單複數一致。關鍵句為:

The Formosan macaques have learned that arrival of one of these scooters ____ a good opportunity to ____ a free meal.

翻譯:

福爾摩沙獼猴已經學會,這些機車其中一輛的到來,是搶得免費餐點的大好機會。

句中真正的主詞是 arrival,意思是「到來、抵達」,屬於單數名詞;後面的 of one of these scooters 是介系詞片語,用來修飾 arrival,不會改變主詞的單複數。因此空格應填單數現在式 is。

句型為:

主詞(單數)+is+主詞補語\text{主詞(單數)}+\text{is}+\text{主詞補語}

其中:

  • arrival:到來、抵達
  • one of these scooters:這些機車中的一輛
  • a good opportunity:一個好機會
  • grab a free meal:搶得/取得免費餐點

解題方法

先找出動詞的主詞,再判斷時態與單複數:

  1. 空格後接名詞片語 a good opportunity,需要 be 動詞連接主詞與補語。
  2. 句子描述獼猴平時已經形成的習慣,使用現在式。
  3. 主詞核心為單數名詞 arrival。
  4. 單數主詞的現在式 be 動詞為 is。

完整句子為:

The Formosan macaques have learned that arrival of one of these scooters is

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第 79 題

【題組共用題幹】

The Kaohsiung City Agriculture Bureau said that it is not illegal for students to use BB guns to ____ themselves from monkeys, after a video was shared showing a female student carrying a BB gun to take a food delivery at Sun Yat-sen University. A driver for the popular food delivery service, Foodpanda, uploaded a video to social media. In the video, a student, ____ with a BB pistol, is coming out of the female dormitory to take delivery of her meal. The student is at an extreme state of alert, watching for marauding macaques that have learned to recognize the bright pink Foodpanda and vivid green Uber Eats delivery boxes. The Formosan macaques have learned that arrival of one of these scooters ____ a good opportunity to ____ a free meal. While the coast at first seems clear, and the student is ready to take delivery, another female student, carrying what appears to be a bag of food, suddenly runs past behind her with two monkeys in hot pursuit. Unable to dodge one of the intimidating monkeys, the woman suddenly drops the bag she is holding, and abandons the contents to avoid _____.

(A) rub
(B) grab
(C) grasp
(D) stole

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考克漏字中的「語意判斷」與「不定詞文法」。

定位答案的關鍵句為:

The Formosan macaques have learned that arrival of one of these scooters ____ a good opportunity to ____ a free meal.
福爾摩沙獼猴已經學會,這些機車一到,就代表有很好的機會可以__一頓免費餐。

空格位於:

to ____ a free meal

在不定詞 to 之後,必須接動詞原形;同時,依文章語意,獼猴等待外送機車,是為了「搶走」免費食物,因此應填 grab。

解題方法

先看文法結構:

opportunity to + 原形動詞

例如:

  • an opportunity to learn:學習的機會
  • an opportunity to escape:逃脫的機會
  • an opportunity to grab a meal:搶食物的機會

再看語意。文章描述獼猴會辨認 Foodpanda 和 Uber Eats 的外送箱,並追逐拿著食物的學生。因此,獼猴等待機車到達,是要趁機「搶走」外送餐點。

完整句子為:

The Formosan macaques have learned that arrival of one of these scooters offers a good opportunity to grab a free meal.
福爾摩沙獼猴已經學會,這些機車一到,就提供了搶走免費餐點的好機會。

題幹原句省略了 the 與 offers 的部分,但不影響空格判斷。

選項分析

(A) rub

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第 80 題

【題組共用題幹】

The Kaohsiung City Agriculture Bureau said that it is not illegal for students to use BB guns to ____ themselves from monkeys, after a video was shared showing a female student carrying a BB gun to take a food delivery at Sun Yat-sen University. A driver for the popular food delivery service, Foodpanda, uploaded a video to social media. In the video, a student, ____ with a BB pistol, is coming out of the female dormitory to take delivery of her meal. The student is at an extreme state of alert, watching for marauding macaques that have learned to recognize the bright pink Foodpanda and vivid green Uber Eats delivery boxes. The Formosan macaques have learned that arrival of one of these scooters ____ a good opportunity to ____ a free meal. While the coast at first seems clear, and the student is ready to take delivery, another female student, carrying what appears to be a bag of food, suddenly runs past behind her with two monkeys in hot pursuit. Unable to dodge one of the intimidating monkeys, the woman suddenly drops the bag she is holding, and abandons the contents to avoid _____.

(A) be attacked
(B) attacked
(C) being attacked
(D) to attack

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「動名詞與被動語態」的搭配,關鍵句是:

abandons the contents to avoid _____.

意思是:「她放棄袋中的食物,以避免_____。」

avoid 是及物動詞,後面須接名詞或動名詞,不能直接接不定詞:

  • avoid + V-ing:避免做某事
  • avoid + being + 過去分詞:避免被……

此處女子要避免的是「被猴子攻擊」,因此須使用被動動名詞:

being attacked=被攻擊\text{being attacked}=\text{被攻擊}

解題方法

先判斷 avoid 後方的動詞形式。avoid 後面必須接動名詞,因此可優先排除 be attacked、attacked、to attack。

接著判斷語意。女子是猴子追逐的對象,她不希望「攻擊猴子」,而是避免「被猴子攻擊」,所以需要被動形式:

avoid+being attacked\text{avoid}+\text{being attacked}

完整句為:

Unable to dodge one of the intimidating monkeys, the woman suddenly drops the bag she is holding, and abandons the contents to avoid being attacked.

翻譯:

由於無法躲開其中一隻令人害怕的猴子,這名女子突然丟下手中的袋子,放棄裡面的食物,以避免遭到攻擊。

選項分析

(A) be attacked

錯誤。be attacked 是原形被動不定詞或原形動詞片語,但 avoid 後面不能接原形動詞:

  • avoid be attacked 錯誤
  • 正確為 avoid being attacked

(B) attacked

錯誤。attacked 是過去式或過去分詞,單獨放在 avoid 後面無法形成正確的動詞結構:

  • avoid attacked 錯誤
  • 若要表達「避免被攻擊」,必須使用動名詞被動語態 being attacked
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其他考古題

110 年亞洲大學的其他科目

亞洲大學《英文》其他年度