亞洲大學 114 年 《英文》

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第 1 題

Vaccines help teach your pet’s _____ system how to recognize and fight off certain disease-causing agents.

(A) digestive
(B) nervous
(C) respiratory
(D) immune

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查疫苗的基本生理功能,以及英文語意判斷。疫苗的作用是刺激動物的 immune system(免疫系統),使其辨識特定病原體,並在未來遭遇同類病原體時發動防禦反應。

疫苗通常含有經處理、減毒或不具致病力的病原體成分,稱為 antigen(抗原)。抗原進入體內後,會刺激免疫系統產生抗體與免疫記憶,因此能達到預防感染或減輕疾病症狀的效果。

題幹定位與翻譯

題幹關鍵句:

Vaccines help teach your pet’s _____ system how to recognize and fight off certain disease-causing agents.

翻譯:

疫苗有助於教導寵物的 _____ 系統如何辨認並抵抗某些致病因子。

句中 recognize and fight off 是判斷答案的核心:

  • recognize:辨認、識別
  • fight off:抵抗、擊退
  • disease-causing agents:致病因子、會造成疾病的病原體

能夠辨認並抵抗病原體的系統是 immune system(免疫系統)。

解題方法

先觀察空格後面的名詞 system,四個選項都可在文法上修飾 system,因此本題不能只靠文法判斷,必須依照語意與生物學常識作答。

題幹描述的功能包括:

  1. 辨識致病因子;
  2. 抵抗致病因子;
  3. 透過疫苗建立防禦能力。

這三項皆屬於免疫系統的功能,因此空格應填 immune:

your pet’s immune system
你的寵物的免疫系統

選項分析

(A) digestive 消化的

digestive system 是「消化系統」,主要負責攝取食物、分解營養物質,以及吸收養分。它並非疫苗訓練來辨認與抵抗病原體的主要系統,因此不符合題意。

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第 2 題

Dogs that _____ from seasonal allergies to pollens, molds, and/or mites may benefit from allergy desensitization injections or allergy shots.

(A) recover
(B) suffer
(C) prevent
(D) avoid

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「固定搭配」與「語意判斷」。

句型為:

suffer from + 疾病、症狀或不良狀況
表示「患有……;受……所苦」

題幹中的 seasonal allergies 是「季節性過敏」,因此應選能與 from 搭配,且符合「受到過敏困擾」語意的動詞。

解題方法

先觀察空格後方的介系詞:

Dogs that _____ from seasonal allergies...

其中 from 是重要線索。英文中表示「患有、受到……困擾」時,最自然的搭配是:

suffer from seasonal allergies
受到季節性過敏所苦

代入後:

Dogs that suffer from seasonal allergies may benefit from allergy desensitization injections or allergy shots.

句意為:

患有花粉、黴菌及/或蟎蟲季節性過敏的狗,可能會受益於過敏減敏注射或過敏針。

因此答案為 (B) suffer。

題幹定位與翻譯

定位答案的關鍵片語是:

suffer from seasonal allergies

翻譯:

受到季節性過敏所苦/患有季節性過敏

完整句翻譯:

Dogs that suffer from seasonal allergies to pollens, molds, and/or mites may benefit from allergy desensitization injections or allergy shots.

對花粉、黴菌及/或蟎蟲患有季節性過敏的狗,可能會受益於過敏減敏注射或過敏針。

文法上,that suffer from seasonal allergies... 是關係子句,修飾前面的 Dogs;may benefit from 則表示「可能受益於……」。

選項分析

(A) recover

recover from 表示「從疾病、傷勢或不良狀態中康復、恢復」。

例如:

The dog recovered from the infection.
那隻狗從感染中康復。

若填入本題:

Dogs that recover from seasonal allergies...

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第 3 題

A zoonosis is an _____ disease that is transmitted between species from animals to humans.

(A) allergic
(B) infectious
(C) genetic
(D) chronic

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「疾病類型的英文形容詞」與 zoonosis(人畜共通傳染病) 的定義。

Zoonosis 指能在不同物種之間傳播,尤其由動物傳給人類的疾病。這類疾病本質上必須具有病原體傳播的特徵,因此是 infectious disease(傳染病)。

題幹中的關鍵定義為:

A zoonosis is an infectious disease that is transmitted between species from animals to humans.
人畜共通傳染病是一種能在不同物種之間、由動物傳播給人類的傳染性疾病。

空格位於名詞片語 an _____ disease 中,需要填入能修飾 disease 的形容詞。依據 zoonosis 的定義,答案是 infectious。

解題方法

先抓住題幹的核心線索:

  • transmitted:被傳播
  • between species:在不同物種之間
  • from animals to humans:由動物傳給人類

疾病若能由一個物種傳播到另一個物種,表示涉及病原體或感染的傳遞,因此符合 infectious disease 的概念。

文法上,空格前有冠詞 an,空格後接名詞 disease,所以空格應填形容詞:

an+形容詞+名詞\text{an} + \text{形容詞} + \text{名詞}

其中 infectious 以母音音素開頭,因此使用 an infectious disease。

選項分析

(A) allergic

allergic 意為「過敏的、因過敏引起的」。

Allergic disease 是過敏性疾病,例如過敏性鼻炎、氣喘,主要與免疫系統對特定物質產生過度反應有關。過敏通常不是由動物傳播病原體給人類,因此與題幹的 transmitted between species 不符。

(B) infectious

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第 4 題

The organization is _____ to AIDS prevention and education.

(A) committed
(B) confused
(C) induced
(D) exhausted

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「形容詞與介系詞的固定搭配」以及上下文語意判斷。

句型為:

be committed to + 名詞/動名詞

表示「致力於……、承諾投入……」。題幹中的 AIDS prevention and education 是「愛滋病預防與教育」,組織致力於此活動,語意最合理。

關鍵單字與片語

  • organization:組織、機構
  • be committed to:致力於、承諾投入
  • AIDS:愛滋病
  • prevention:預防
  • education:教育
  • confused:困惑的、混亂的
  • induced:被誘發的、被促成的
  • exhausted:筋疲力竭的、耗盡的

解題方法

先觀察空格前的結構:

The organization is _____ to AIDS prevention and education.

空格後接介系詞 to,且後面是名詞片語 AIDS prevention and education,因此要選能與 be + 形容詞 + to + 名詞 搭配,並且符合語意的字。

完整句意為:

The organization is committed to AIDS prevention and education.
這個組織致力於愛滋病的預防與教育。

「組織致力於某項公共衛生工作」是自然且合理的語意,因此選 committed。

選項分析

(A) committed:正確。

be committed to 是固定片語,表示「致力於……」。其中 to 是介系詞,後面接名詞或動名詞,例如:

  • The hospital is committed to patient safety.
    這家醫院致力於病人安全。
  • She is committed to improving public health.
    她致力於改善公共衛生。

(B) confused:錯誤。

confused 表示「感到困惑的、混亂的」,常見搭配為:

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第 5 題

Consumers are _____ interested in having information on the provenance and quality of their food, and food safety remains a keen point of interest.

(A) rarely
(B) slightly
(C) increasingly
(D) reluctantly

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查「副詞的語意判斷」與上下文邏輯。

句型為:

Consumers are _____ interested in having information on the provenance and quality of their food, and food safety remains a keen point of interest.

空格位於形容詞 interested 前,需填入副詞修飾 interested,說明消費者對食品來源與品質資訊的興趣程度或變化趨勢。

關鍵在於後半句:

food safety remains a keen point of interest
食品安全仍然是人們高度關注的議題。

前後句都在表達消費者對食品資訊與食品安全的關注程度持續提高,因此空格應填表示「越來越」的副詞。


題幹翻譯與定位

Consumers are increasingly interested in having information on the provenance and quality of their food, and food safety remains a keen point of interest.

翻譯:

消費者越來越有興趣取得關於食品來源與品質的資訊,而食品安全仍然是高度關注的重點。

其中 increasingly interested 表示「越來越感興趣、日益關注」,最符合消費者對食品資訊及食品安全的重視趨勢。


解題方法

先觀察空格後的核心形容詞:

  • interested in + 名詞/動名詞:對……感興趣
  • increasingly interested in:越來越關注……

再利用語意線索 remains a keen point of interest:

  • remain:仍然是、持續維持某種狀態
  • keen:強烈的、熱切的
  • point of interest:關注點、感興趣的事項

整句呈現「消費者對食品相關資訊的關注日益增加」的意思,因此答案為 increasingly。


選項分析

(A) rarely

rarely 意為「很少、罕見地」,表示頻率低。

若填入句中:

Consumers are rarely interested in having information on the provenance and quality of their food.

意思變成:

消費者很少對食品來源與品質資訊感興趣。

這與後半句食品安全是「高度關注重點」的語意相互矛盾,因此錯誤。


(B) slightly

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第 6 題

Horses used for racing are usually housed in _____ and close confinement, which causes these social, plains-ranging animals, major distress.

(A) freedom
(B) isolation
(C) companionship
(D) excitement

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「語意判斷」與「固定搭配」。句型為:

Horses used for racing are usually housed in _____ and close confinement.

空格位於介系詞 inin 之後,須填入名詞,並與後面的名詞片語 close confinement 形成並列結構。依句意,賽馬通常被飼養在「隔離且受到嚴格拘束」的環境中,這會使原本具有社會性、活動於平原的動物承受極大痛苦。

解題方法

定位答案的關鍵句為:

Horses used for racing are usually housed in _____ and close confinement, which causes these social, plains-ranging animals, major distress.

翻譯:

用於競賽的馬匹通常被飼養在隔離且受到嚴格拘束的環境中,這使這些具有社會性、活動於平原的動物承受極大的痛苦。

句中的 which 指前面的「隔離與嚴格拘束」這種飼養狀態。由於馬是具有社會性的群居動物,長期與同類分離會造成心理壓力,因此空格應填 isolation。

完整句子為:

Horses used for racing are usually housed in isolation and close confinement.

選項分析

(A) freedom
意為「自由」。
in freedom 表示「處於自由狀態」,與 close confinement「嚴格拘束」語意互相矛盾;自由也不會合理地造成賽馬的極大痛苦,因此錯誤。

(B) isolation
意為「隔離、孤立」。
in isolation 是常見搭配,表示「處於隔離狀態」。它與 close confinement 並列,完整表達賽馬遭受「社會隔離」及「活動受限」的處境,符合馬匹具有社會性動物的背景,因此正確。

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第 7 題

Certain chemicals have been _____ because of their damaging effect on the environment.

(A) permitted
(B) adopted
(C) encouraged
(D) banned

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「字義判斷」與「被動語態」:

題幹為:

Certain chemicals have been _____ because of their damaging effect on the environment.

句型是現在完成式被動語態:

have been+過去分詞\text{have been}+\text{過去分詞}

主詞 Certain chemicals(某些化學物質)是接受動作的對象,因此空格應填入過去分詞。解題關鍵在於後半句:

because of their damaging effect on the environment
因為它們對環境造成破壞性的影響

既然某些化學物質會傷害環境,合理的處置應是「禁止使用」,因此答案為 banned。

解題方法

先判斷文法:

  • have been 後面須接過去分詞。
  • 四個選項皆可作過去分詞,因此文法形式本身不能直接排除選項。
  • 接著利用因果線索 because of their damaging effect 判斷語意。

題幹定位答案的關鍵句為:

Certain chemicals have been _____ because of their damaging effect on the environment.

翻譯:

某些化學物質因為對環境具有破壞性的影響,已經被_____。

「因為會破壞環境」通常導致政府或相關機構將其「禁止」,故填入 banned:

Certain chemicals have been banned because of their damaging effect on the environment.
某些化學物質因為對環境具有破壞性的影響,已經被禁止。

選項分析

(A) permitted

  • permit:允許、准許
  • permitted:被允許的、獲准的

代入後為:

某些化學物質因為會破壞環境,已經被允許。

「破壞環境」與「被允許」在一般語意上互相衝突,因此不符合因果關係。

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第 8 題

During a successful business career, she _____ a great amount of wealth.

(A) accumulated
(B) squandered
(C) reduced
(D) accomplished

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查「動詞與受詞的語意搭配」。句意為:她在成功的事業生涯中,累積了大量財富。

關鍵搭配是:

  • accumulate wealth:累積財富
  • a great amount of wealth:大量財富

句中的主詞為 she,時態使用過去式,因此空格應填入能表示「累積」且符合語意的過去式動詞。

解題方法

題幹定位答案的原文為:

During a successful business career, she _____ a great amount of wealth.

翻譯:

在成功的事業生涯中,她累積了大量財富。

判斷步驟如下:

  1. 受詞為 a great amount of wealth,意為「大量財富」。
  2. 能與 wealth 自然搭配,且符合成功事業生涯結果的動詞是 accumulated。
  3. During a successful business career 表示一段已經發生的過去期間,因此動詞採過去式。
  4. accumulated 是 accumulate 的過去式,意為「累積、聚集」,符合句意。

選項分析

(A) accumulated:累積、積聚。
accumulate wealth 是自然且常見的搭配,表示「累積財富」。語意與文法皆正確。

(B) squandered:揮霍、浪費。
squander wealth 表示「揮霍財富」,若填入句中,句意會變成「她在成功的事業生涯中揮霍了大量財富」。這與題幹強調成功事業生涯的正向結果不符,因此錯誤。

(C) reduced:減少、降低。
reduce wealth 雖可從字面理解為「減少財富」,但不符合「事業生涯中獲得大量財富」的語意,也不是本句的自然表達,因此錯誤。

(D) accomplished:完成、達成。
accomplish 通常搭配 a goal、a task、a mission、an achievement 等,表示完成

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第 9 題

The number of larger _____, particularly pigs, slaughtered is growing.

(A) crops
(B) livestock
(C) vehicles
(D) buildings

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「語意搭配」與畜牧相關字彙。關鍵線索是 slaughtered,意為「被屠宰的」。能被屠宰、且特別以 pigs(豬)為例的名詞,應是指「家畜、牲畜」的 livestock。

句型結構如下:

  • The number of + 名詞 + 過去分詞
  • The number of larger livestock slaughtered is growing.

其中:

  • The number of:……的數量
  • larger livestock:大型牲畜
  • slaughtered:被屠宰的,作為關係子句的省略形式,相當於 that are slaughtered
  • is growing:正在增加

解題方法

先找出句中的動作 slaughtered。能被屠宰並以 pigs 作為代表的對象,必須是動物類的名詞。

因此可將句意整理為:

被屠宰的大型牲畜數量,尤其是豬,正在增加。

四個選項中,只有 livestock 符合「可供畜牧、屠宰的動物」這個語意。

題幹定位句:

The number of larger livestock, particularly pigs, slaughtered is growing.

翻譯:

被屠宰的大型牲畜數量,尤其是豬,正在增加。

選項分析

(A) crops

crops 意為「農作物、作物」。

農作物可以被種植、收成或採摘,例如 crops harvested,但不會使用 slaughtered 表示「被屠宰」。因此語意不合。

(B) livestock

livestock 意為「家畜、牲畜」,如牛、豬、羊等供人飼養的動物。

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第 10 題

If you’ve ever cut your finger, bruised a toe or had a throat infection, you have likely experienced at least some of the four signs of _____: redness, swelling, pain and heat.

(A) digestion
(B) injection
(C) inflammation
(D) hydration

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查生物醫學英文單字與語意判讀。題幹列出的四種症狀:

  • redness:發紅
  • swelling:腫脹
  • pain:疼痛
  • heat:發熱

正是典型發炎反應(inflammation)的四大徵象,傳統上稱為 rubor, tumor, dolor, calor,分別對應紅、腫、痛、熱。

發炎是身體受到受傷、感染或其他刺激後,免疫系統啟動的防禦反應。局部血管擴張會造成發紅與發熱,血管通透性增加使液體滲出而腫脹,組織壓力與發炎介質則會引起疼痛。

解題方法

先將四個選項代入句意:

the four signs of _____: redness, swelling, pain and heat

冒號後方列出的是某種生理現象的四種徵象,因此空格應填入一個表示「發炎」的名詞。

句意為:

如果你曾經割傷手指、撞傷腳趾,或感染喉嚨,你很可能至少經歷過發炎的四種徵象:發紅、腫脹、疼痛和發熱。

能與「紅、腫、痛、熱」形成固定醫學概念的答案是 inflammation。

題幹定位與翻譯

關鍵定位句為:

the four signs of _____: redness, swelling, pain and heat

翻譯:

_____ 的四種徵象:發紅、腫脹、疼痛和發熱。

其中「redness, swelling, pain and heat」直接界定空格所指的生理反應,答案必須是與這四項徵象相關的醫學名詞。

文法與語意重點

  1. signs of + 名詞

of 後面接名詞,表示「……的徵象」。例如:

  • signs of infection:感染的徵象
  • signs of stress:壓力的徵象
  • signs of inflammation:發炎的徵象
  1. 冒號的解釋功能

冒號後面的 redness, swelling, pain and heat 是對前面 the four signs of _____ 的具體說明,因此可利用後方列舉內容反推空格。

  1. 現在完成式
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第 11 題

Preventative care, a routine _____ performed by a veterinarian, is the most effective method of stopping diseases before they occur.

(A) surgery
(B) checkup
(C) infection
(D) treatment

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「字義判斷」與「語意搭配」。空格位於:

a routine _____ performed by a veterinarian

其中 a routine _____ 表示「由獸醫執行的一項例行性……」,空格必須填入可由獸醫執行、且符合預防疾病概念的名詞。

Preventative care 意為「預防性照護」,重點是在疾病發生前進行檢查與保健。因此最符合的名詞是 checkup(健康檢查、例行檢查)。

題幹定位與翻譯

關鍵句為:

Preventative care, a routine checkup performed by a veterinarian, is the most effective method of stopping diseases before they occur.

翻譯:

預防性照護,也就是由獸醫執行的例行健康檢查,是在疾病發生前阻止疾病的最有效方法。

a routine checkup performed by a veterinarian 是對 Preventative care 的補充說明,指出預防性照護的具體內容為「由獸醫進行例行檢查」。

解題方法

先觀察空格前後的語意:

  1. routine 表示「例行的、定期的」。
  2. performed by a veterinarian 表示「由獸醫執行」。
  3. stopping diseases before they occur 表示「在疾病發生前加以預防」。

因此,空格應填入一種:

  • 可以定期進行;
  • 可以由獸醫執行;
  • 具有預防疾病功能的醫療行為。

checkup 正好符合三項條件,形成自然搭配 a routine checkup。

選項分析

(A) surgery 手術

surgery 指「手術」,通常是為了處理已存在的疾病、外傷或身體異常。雖然手術由獸醫執行,且 a routine surgery 在特定情況下可以成立,但手術並非一般預防性照護的核心內容,也不符合「在疾病發生前阻止疾病」的語意,因此錯誤。

(B) checkup 健康檢查;例行檢查

checkup 指定期進行的健康檢查,獸醫可藉此評估動物健康狀況、早期發現疾病並提供預防建議。a routine checkup 是自然且常見的搭配,完全符合題幹語意,因此正確。

(C) infection 感染

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第 12 題

We find that the rivals' ability to threaten each other is a critical _____ of the outcome of bargaining.

(A) determinant
(B) consequence
(C) hesitation
(D) interruption

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「字義判斷」與「名詞搭配」。句型為:

We find that the rivals' ability to threaten each other is a critical _____ of the outcome of bargaining.

其中,a critical _____ of ... 表示「……的一個關鍵因素」。空格需要填入能表達「決定因素」的名詞。

determinant 的意思是「決定因素、制約因素」,常用搭配為:

  • a determinant of ...:……的決定因素
  • a critical determinant of ...:……的關鍵決定因素
  • a major determinant of ...:……的主要決定因素

句中「競爭雙方彼此威脅的能力」會影響談判結果,因此最適合用 determinant。

解題方法

先判斷空格的詞性。前面有冠詞 a,後面接介系詞 of,因此空格應填入單數可數名詞:

a critical + 單數名詞 + of the outcome

再依語意判斷:

  • 「彼此威脅的能力」是談判結果的關鍵決定因素。
  • 此處不是在說談判結果所造成的後果、猶豫或中斷。

題幹定位答案的關鍵句為:

the rivals' ability to threaten each other is a critical determinant of the outcome of bargaining.

翻譯為:

我們發現,競爭雙方彼此威脅的能力,是談判結果的一個關鍵決定因素。

因此答案為 determinant。

選項分析

(A) determinant:決定因素

正確。determinant of the outcome 表示「結果的決定因素」。句意是雙方在談判中彼此施加威脅的能力,會關鍵性地影響談判結果,語意與搭配皆正確。

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第 13 題

Recent discoveries about corruption have done serious damage to the company's _____.

(A) performance
(B) reputation
(C) strategy
(D) denotation

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:語意判斷與固定搭配

本題考查「上下文語意」及名詞搭配。句型為:

Recent discoveries about corruption have done serious damage to the company's _____.

其中 do damage to ... 表示「對……造成損害」,空格需要填入一個能被公司擁有,且會因貪腐醜聞而受損的名詞。

貪腐相關的新發現最直接傷害的是公司的「名聲、聲譽」,因此答案為 reputation。

關鍵單字與片語

  • recent:最近的
  • discoveries:發現;調查發現
  • corruption:貪腐;腐敗
  • do serious damage to ...:對……造成嚴重損害
  • company:公司
  • performance:表現;績效
  • reputation:名聲;聲譽
  • strategy:策略
  • denotation:字面意義;指稱意義

解題方法

先抓住關鍵片語 do serious damage to,再觀察「貪腐事件」通常會影響公司的哪一項特質。

貪腐醜聞曝光後,外界對公司的信任與評價會下降,受損的是公司的聲譽。因此:

Recent discoveries about corruption have done serious damage to the company's reputation.
最近有關貪腐的新發現,已對該公司的聲譽造成嚴重損害。

文法上,the company's 是所有格,表示「該公司的……」,後面接名詞。四個選項皆為名詞,但只有 reputation 最符合句子的因果關係與慣用語意。

選項分析

(A) performance:表現;績效

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第 14 題

Breast-feeding is extremely _____ to the health of newborn babies.

(A) irrelevant
(B) harmful
(C) superfluous
(D) beneficial

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. 關鍵單字的詞義辨析
  2. 形容詞與介系詞的搭配
  3. 依語意判斷句子邏輯

題幹中的核心結構是:

be beneficial to + 名詞
對……有益

其中:

  • breast-feeding:母乳哺育、哺乳
  • extremely:極度地、非常
  • beneficial:有益的、有好處的
  • health:健康
  • newborn babies:新生兒

解題方法

先判斷句子整體語意:

Breast-feeding is extremely _____ to the health of newborn babies.
母乳哺育對新生兒的健康是極為_____的。

主詞是 Breast-feeding,受詞概念是 the health of newborn babies。句子要表達母乳哺育對新生兒健康所產生的影響。

搭配上,英文常用:

be beneficial to one’s health
對某人的健康有益

因此空格應填入表示「有益的」的形容詞 beneficial:

Breast-feeding is extremely beneficial to the health of newborn babies.

翻譯為:

母乳哺育對新生兒的健康極為有益。

選項分析

(A) irrelevant

irrelevant 的意思是「不相關的、無關的」。

常見搭配:

be irrelevant to:與……無關

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第 15 題

_____ might be necessary if a pet has become vicious, dangerous, or unmanageable.

(A) Euthanasia
(B) Vaccination
(C) Enthusiasm
(D) Compassion

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「語意判斷」與「動物醫療相關單字」。題幹描述寵物已變得「兇猛、危險或難以控制」,此時可能需要採取的措施是 euthanasia(安樂死)。

句型結構為:

  • _____:主詞,需填入名詞
  • might be necessary:可能是必要的
  • if ...:如果……

題幹中的關鍵語意是寵物已具有危險性,必須從選項中選出符合此情境的處置方式。

解題方法

定位題幹中的關鍵片語:

if a pet has become vicious, dangerous, or unmanageable
如果寵物已變得兇猛、危險或難以控制

當寵物對人或其他動物造成嚴重危險,且無法安全管理時,可能需要進行 euthanasia,也就是基於醫療、公共安全或動物福利考量,讓動物以人道方式死亡。

完整句意為:

Euthanasia might be necessary if a pet has become vicious, dangerous, or unmanageable.
如果寵物已變得兇猛、危險或難以控制,安樂死可能是必要的。

因此答案為 (A) Euthanasia。

選項分析

(A) Euthanasia(安樂死)

正確。
euthanasia 指以人道方式結束動物或人的生命,常見於動物罹患無法治癒的重病、遭受嚴重痛苦,或具有高度危險性且無法控制的情況。

題幹所描述的 vicious, dangerous, or unmanageable,正是支持採取安樂死處置的語境。

(B) Vaccination(疫苗接種)

錯誤。
vaccination 指接種疫苗,用來預防傳染病,例如狂犬病、犬瘟熱或貓泛白血球減少症。疫苗接種適用於疾病預防,不能直接處理已經兇猛、危險或無法控制的寵物。

若題幹提到 prevent infectious diseases(預防傳染病) 或 protect a pet from illness(保護寵物免於疾病),才會適合選 vaccination。

(C) Enthusiasm(熱情;熱忱)

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第 16 題

_____ is an important component of physical health, and yoga offers many styles to choose from, varying in intensity from high to moderate to mild.

(A) Prohibition
(B) Flexibility
(C) Compatibility
(D) Circulation

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查「字義判斷」與「語境推論」,重點是根據後半句的內容,判斷哪一個名詞最適合放在句首。

題幹指出瑜伽有許多不同形式,運動強度從高、中到低皆有。瑜伽常被用來改善身體的柔軟度,因此句首應填入 Flexibility(柔軟度、彈性)。

題幹定位與翻譯

關鍵句為:

yoga offers many styles to choose from, varying in intensity from high to moderate to mild.

翻譯:

瑜伽提供許多種可供選擇的形式,其運動強度從高強度、中等強度到輕度不等。

這句說明瑜伽具有不同強度與形式,呼應的是身體活動及伸展所帶來的「柔軟度」;因此前句應為:

Flexibility is an important component of physical health.

翻譯:

柔軟度是身體健康的重要組成部分。

解題方法

先觀察空格後面的句型:

_____ is an important component of physical health

空格需要填入一個名詞,作為句子的主詞,並與單數動詞 is 搭配。

接著根據語意判斷:

  1. 「是身體健康的重要組成部分」通常可描述柔軟度、肌力、心肺功能等身體素質。
  2. 後半句談到瑜伽的各種形式,以及運動強度由高至低的變化。
  3. 瑜伽的核心益處之一是伸展身體、增加關節活動範圍與改善柔軟度。

因此最符合前後文邏輯的答案是 Flexibility。

選項分析

(A) Prohibition 禁止;禁令

Prohibition is an important component of physical health.

意思是:

禁止是身體健康的重要組成部分。

Prohibition 指禁止某種行為或事物,與身體健康及瑜伽強度沒有合理關聯。瑜伽不是以「禁止」為主要健康要素,因此不合語境。

(B) Flexibility 柔軟度;柔韌性

Flexibility is an important component of physical health.

意思是:

柔軟度是身體健康的重要組成部分。

柔軟度可透過伸展與瑜伽訓練提升,且與身體活動能力、關節活動範圍及運動表現相關。後文提到瑜伽有多種形式與不同強度,正好支持瑜伽可用來促進柔軟度,因此正確。

(C) Compatibility 相容性;兼容性

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第 17 題

The rooftop restaurant affords a _____ view across the bay.

(A) narrow
(B) obstructed
(C) limited
(D) panoramic

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「形容詞語意判斷」與固定搭配。句型為:

afford + a/an + 形容詞 + view

其中 afford 在此不是「負擔得起」,而是「提供、使人享有」。
a panoramic view 是常見搭配,意為「全景、全方位的景色」。

題幹定位與翻譯

The rooftop restaurant affords a _____ view across the bay.

翻譯:
「這家屋頂餐廳提供一覽海灣的__景觀。」

關鍵線索是 across the bay,表示視線可以橫跨整個海灣;搭配「全景的」最符合語意,因此填入 panoramic。

選項分析

(A) narrow

narrow:狹窄的、狹隘的。

a narrow view

意為「狹窄的視野」。若視野只能涵蓋海灣的一小部分,才會使用此字;但 across the bay 帶有廣闊、橫跨海灣的視覺意象,與 narrow 語意相反,故錯誤。

(B) obstructed

obstructed:受阻礙的、被遮住的。

an obstructed view

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第 18 題

The greater the number of people, the more elaborate is the civilization, and thus the more _____ is the settlement.

(A) prosperous
(B) impoverished
(C) desolate
(D) barren

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「the + 比較級 ..., the + 比較級 ...」句型,表示「越……,就越……」。句意需依前後邏輯判斷:

  • 人口數量越多
  • 文明越發達、越複雜
  • 聚落因此越繁榮

空格應填入表示「繁榮的、興盛的」之形容詞,故選 prosperous。


題幹定位與翻譯

關鍵句為:

The greater the number of people, the more elaborate is the civilization, and thus the more _____ is the settlement.

翻譯:

人口數量越多,文明就越精緻複雜,因此聚落也就越繁榮。

其中:

  • the greater the number of people:人口數量越多
  • the more elaborate is the civilization:文明越精緻、越複雜
  • and thus:因此、所以
  • the more prosperous is the settlement:聚落越繁榮

文法與語意重點

句型:

The + 比較級 A, the + 比較級 B\text{The + 比較級 A, the + 比較級 B}

意思是:

A 越……,B 就越……

例如:

  • The more you study, the better you perform.
    你讀得越多,表現就越好。
  • The larger the city, the more complicated the traffic.
    城市越大,交通就越複雜。

本題的完整結構是:

The greater the number of people, the more elaborate is the civilization, and thus the more prosperous is the settlement.

elaborate、prosperous 後方採用「比較級 + 主詞 + be 動詞」的倒裝形式:

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第 19 題

The treatment plan to _____ these maladies included oral and parenteral feedings, oral insulin, and wound care.

(A) worsen
(B) neglect
(C) remedy
(D) exacerbate

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考的是:

  1. 字義辨析:判斷動詞與 maladies(疾病、病症)的語意搭配。
  2. 語意邏輯:治療計畫應該是「改善、治癒疾病」,不能是使疾病惡化或忽略疾病。
  3. 文法結構:介系詞 to 後接原形動詞,形成不定詞片語,表示「要……」。

題幹中的關鍵結構是:

The treatment plan to remedy these maladies included oral and parenteral feedings, oral insulin, and wound care.
治療這些疾病的治療計畫包括口服與腸外營養、口服胰島素以及傷口照護。

其中,maladies 是名詞,意為「疾病、病症」;remedy 作動詞時,意為「治療、補救、改善」。


解題方法

先觀察句子主幹:

The treatment plan ... included ...

意思是「治療計畫包括……」。空格所在的片語:

to _____ these maladies

表示「要__這些疾病」。

後方列出的內容包括:

  • oral and parenteral feedings:口服與腸外營養
  • oral insulin:口服胰島素
  • wound care:傷口照護

這些都是用來處理疾病、改善病況的治療措施。因此空格應填入具有「治療、改善」正面意義的動詞。

文法上,to 後面必須接原形動詞,因此四個選項在形式上都能接續;真正的判斷關鍵是動詞與「疾病」之間的語意關係。


選項分析

(A) worsen

worsen 意為「使惡化、變得更糟」。

to worsen these maladies
使這些疾病惡化

治療計畫的目的應是改善病情,worsen 與治療計畫的正面目的相反,因此不合語意。


(B) neglect

neglect 意為「忽視、疏於照顧、怠慢」。

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第 20 題

Although the vaccine isn't 100% _____, it lowers the chances of having severe complications from the flu.

(A) effective
(B) affective
(C) innate
(D) resultative

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. 形容詞的字義辨析
  2. 醫學語境中的固定搭配
  3. 轉折連接詞 Although 所表達的讓步關係

題幹描述流感疫苗雖然不能達到百分之百的防護效果,仍能降低發生嚴重併發症的機率。因此空格需要填入表示「有效的」之形容詞。

關鍵搭配為:

  • an effective vaccine:有效的疫苗
  • be effective:有效
  • 100% effective:百分之百有效

解題方法

先觀察空格前後:

the vaccine isn't 100% _____

空格位於 be 動詞 isn't 之後,需填入形容詞作主詞補語。四個選項皆具有形容詞形式,因此還要依據字義與搭配判斷。

題幹後半句:

it lowers the chances of having severe complications from the flu.

意思是「它降低因流感而產生嚴重併發症的機率」。這說明疫苗具有預防效果,只是效果並非百分之百。

因此空格應填:

effective=有效的

完整句意為:

Although the vaccine isn't 100% effective, it lowers the chances of having severe complications from the flu.
雖然這種疫苗不是百分之百有效,但它能降低因流感而發生嚴重併發症的機率。

文法與語意重點

1. Although 引導讓步副詞子句

Although 表示「雖然、儘管」,用來連接一個與主要子句形成對比的事實。

句型:

Although + 子句,主要子句。

本題結構如下:

  • Although the vaccine isn't 100% effective:雖然疫苗不是百分之百有效
  • it lowers the chances...:但它降低了……的機率

前後形成「效果有限,但仍有幫助」的讓步關係。

2. be effective 的用法

effective 是形容詞,表示「有效的、能產生預期效果的」。

常見搭配包括:

  • an effective treatment:有效的治療
  • an effective vaccine:有效的疫苗
  • an effective method:有效的方法
  • The medicine is effective.:這種藥有效。

題幹中的 isn't 100% effective,就是「不是百分之百有效」。

3. lower the chances of + V-ing

lower the chances of having severe complications

表示「降低發生嚴重併發症的機率」。

其中:

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第 21 題

Workers at ports across France plan to _____ for four-hour periods across 10 separate days in February.

(A) smash
(B) stroke
(C) stunt
(D) strike

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. 片語與語意搭配:strike 可作動詞,表示「罷工」。
  2. 句型結構:plan to + 原形動詞,因此空格須填入動詞原形。
  3. 新聞英文用字:workers plan to strike 是常見表達,意思是「工人計畫罷工」。

題幹定位與翻譯

題幹關鍵句:

Workers at ports across France plan to _____ for four-hour periods across 10 separate days in February.

翻譯:

法國各地港口的工人計畫在二月分成十個不同日期,每次罷工四小時。

其中,workers(工人)搭配 strike(罷工),且「持續四小時的罷工」符合整句語意。

解題方法

先觀察空格前方的 plan to:

plan to+原形動詞\text{plan to}+\text{原形動詞}

四個選項皆可視為動詞原形,因此須進一步依照語意與搭配判斷。

題幹主詞是 Workers,內容涉及港口工人以特定時段停止工作,這正是「罷工」的概念。英文常用:

  • workers strike:工人罷工
  • go on strike:開始罷工
  • a strike lasting four hours:持續四小時的罷工

因此空格應填入 strike。

選項分析

(A) smash

smash 是「擊碎、猛撞、粉碎」。例如:

  • smash a window:打破窗戶
  • smash into a wall:猛烈撞上牆壁

workers plan to smash for four-hour periods 意思變成「工人計畫每次猛撞四小時」,與港口工人集體停止工作無關,語意不成立。

(B) stroke

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第 22 題

As soon as she learns the office _____, she will be an excellent assistant.

(A) anomaly
(B) chaos
(C) routine
(D) mass

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「語意判斷」與職場相關單字。句型為:

As soon as she learns the office _____, she will be an excellent assistant.
她一學會辦公室的 _____,就會成為一名優秀的助理。

關鍵片語是 office routine,意為「辦公室日常工作流程、例行事務」。助理熟悉辦公室的工作流程後,才能有效執行工作,因此空格應填 routine。

解題方法

先觀察句意:

  • learns 表示「學會、熟悉」。
  • 能被「學會」且與 office 搭配的內容,應是辦公室中的工作流程或日常作業。
  • office routine 是自然且常見的搭配,意思是「辦公室的日常工作」。

完整句意為:

As soon as she learns the office routine, she will be an excellent assistant.
她一熟悉辦公室的日常工作流程,就會成為一名優秀的助理。

句首的 As soon as 是連接詞,表示「一……就……」。其後接現在簡單式 learns,主句使用 will be,符合表示未來時間的條件句型:

As soon as+現在簡單式, 主詞+will+原形動詞\text{As soon as}+\text{現在簡單式},\ \text{主詞}+\text{will}+\text{原形動詞}

因此文法結構本身沒有問題,真正的判斷重點在於空格單字的語意與搭配。

關鍵單字與片語

  • as soon as:一……就……
  • learn:學會;熟悉
  • office:辦公室
  • routine:例行工作;日常流程
  • excellent:優秀的
  • assistant:助理
  • anomaly:異常;反常現象
  • chaos:混亂;無秩序狀態
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第 23 題

Most health plans must cover a set of _____ services—like shots and screening tests—at no cost to you.

(A) invasive
(B) emergent
(C) risky
(D) preventive

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「醫療保健語境中的字義判斷」,關鍵在於辨認 shots(疫苗注射) 與 screening tests(篩檢檢查) 所代表的醫療服務類型。

  • preventive:預防性的;用來預防疾病或及早發現疾病
  • 疫苗注射可預防感染。
  • 篩檢檢查可在症狀出現前及早發現疾病。

因此,這些都屬於 preventive services(預防性醫療服務)。

解題方法

先抓句中的舉例:

Most health plans must cover a set of _____ services—like shots and screening tests—at no cost to you.
多數健康保險計畫必須免費涵蓋一組「_____服務」,例如疫苗注射與篩檢檢查。

破折號中的 like shots and screening tests 是對前面 services 的具體說明。疫苗與篩檢的共同目的,是在疾病發生前預防,或在早期發現疾病,所以空格應填:

preventive services:預防性醫療服務

句意為:

多數健康保險計畫必須免費涵蓋一組預防性醫療服務,例如疫苗注射與篩檢檢查。

文法與語意重點

  1. a set of + 複數名詞

a set of services 表示「一組服務」。空格後的名詞是複數 services,空格應填形容詞來修飾 services。

  1. 破折號的補充說明功能

services—like shots and screening tests— 中的破折號插入舉例,說明 services 的具體內容。

  1. at no cost to you

表示「對你免費」「你不需要負擔費用」。

  1. must cover

cover 在保險語境中不是「覆蓋」,而是「承保、給付、涵蓋費用」。

選項分析

(A) invasive

invasive 意為「侵入性的」。

例如侵入性檢查或治療需要將器械或針具深入身體內部。疫苗注射雖然涉及打針,但題目將 shots 與 screening tests 並列,重點是它們具

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第 24 題

The police remain _____ that the suspect is telling the truth about being innocent.

(A) inconvinced
(B) adequate
(C) doubt
(D) suspension

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「連綴動詞 remain 後接形容詞」以及「字義與語境搭配」。

句型為:

主詞+remain+形容詞\text{主詞}+\text{remain}+\text{形容詞}

remain 在此意為「仍然保持某種狀態」,後面須接形容詞,說明警方目前的心理狀態。

題幹中的關鍵語意是:警方不相信嫌疑犯所說的「自己是無辜的」這件事。因此空格應填入表示「不相信的」之形容詞。

關鍵單字與片語

  • police:警方,警察
  • remain:仍然是;保持某種狀態
  • unconvinced / inconvinced:未被說服的;不相信的
  • suspect:嫌疑犯
  • tell the truth:說實話
  • innocent:無辜的
  • be innocent:是無辜的

解題方法

先觀察空格前的 remain。此處 remain 是連綴動詞,後面應接形容詞:

The police remain _____.

四個選項中,inconvinced 與 adequate 是形容詞;doubt 與 suspension 分別是動詞/名詞與名詞。

再根據語意判斷:

警方仍然「不相信」嫌疑犯所說的話。

因此填入 inconvinced 最符合語意:

The police remain inconvinced that the suspect is telling the truth about being innocent.

inconvinced 表示「未被說服的、不相信的」。雖然英文中更常見的說法是 unconvinced,但在本題提供的選項中,inconvinced 是唯一能在文法與語意上成立的答案。

題幹定位與翻譯

定位答案的關鍵句為:

The police remain _____ that the suspect is telling the truth about being innocent.

填入答案後:

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第 25 題

We must _____ our country’s economic problems before it’s too late.

(A) assure
(B) infer
(C) tackle
(D) twinge

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「動詞字義與固定搭配」。句型為:

We must _____ our country’s economic problems before it’s too late.
我們必須在為時已晚之前,處理我國的經濟問題。

「must」是情態助動詞,後面接原形動詞,因此四個選項在文法形式上皆可接續,真正的判斷關鍵在於語意與搭配。

句中核心搭配是:

  • tackle a problem:處理、解決問題
  • economic problems:經濟問題
  • before it’s too late:在為時已晚之前

全句表示必須及早採取行動,處理國家的經濟問題。

解題方法

先觀察空格後面的受詞 our country’s economic problems。能與「問題」直接搭配,且符合「及早處理」語意的動詞是 tackle。

完整句子為:

We must tackle our country’s economic problems before it’s too late.
我們必須在為時已晚之前處理我國的經濟問題。

其中 before it’s too late 提供重要語意線索,表示事情具有急迫性,必須正面面對並採取措施。因此選擇具有「處理、解決」含義的 tackle。

選項分析

(A) assure

assure 是「向某人保證、使某人放心」,常見句型為:

  • assure someone that...
  • assure someone of something

例如:

The doctor assured me that everything was fine.
醫生向我保證一切都沒問題。

本句的受詞是 our country’s economic problems,不是人,也不是需要被保證的內容。英文不會說 assure economic problems 表示「處理經濟問題」,因此不合語意與搭配。

(B) infer

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第 26 題

The animal shelter is looking for _____ to take the dogs for walks.

(A) mentors
(B) volunteers
(C) butchers
(D) employers

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查「依語境判斷字義」以及動詞片語 look for + 名詞 的用法。

  • look for:尋找、尋求
  • take the dogs for walks:帶狗去散步
  • animal shelter:動物收容所
  • 空格位於 looking for 之後,需填入「動物收容所正在尋找的人」。

題幹中的關鍵語意是「帶狗去散步」,因此答案必須是指自願協助收容所工作的人。

解題方法

先定位答案所在句:

The animal shelter is looking for _____ to take the dogs for walks.
動物收容所正在尋找_____來帶狗去散步。

句型可拆解為:

  • The animal shelter:主詞,動物收容所
  • is looking for:正在尋找
  • _____:被尋找的人
  • to take the dogs for walks:目的,為了帶狗去散步

能符合「協助動物收容所帶狗散步」的人是 volunteers,意思是「志工、自願者」。

選項分析

(A) mentors:導師、指導者

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第 27 題

Eating _____ calories will cause you to put on weight.

(A) excess
(B) sufficient
(C) infertile
(D) regressive

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「字義辨析」與「形容詞修飾名詞」的用法。

題幹中的空格位於名詞 calories 前方,因此需要填入能修飾「熱量」的字。句意是:攝取「過多的熱量」會導致體重增加。

關鍵片語:

  • eat calories:攝取熱量
  • excess calories:過多的熱量、超額熱量
  • put on weight:增加體重、變胖
  • cause A to V:導致 A 做某事

解題方法

先由句意判斷:

Eating _____ calories will cause you to put on weight.
攝取 _____ 的熱量會導致你增加體重。

會造成體重增加的直接原因,是攝取的熱量超過身體消耗量,也就是 excess calories。

完整句意為:

Eating excess calories will cause you to put on weight.
攝取過多的熱量會導致體重增加。

文法結構為:

Eating excess calories+will cause+you+to put on weight\text{Eating excess calories} + \text{will cause} + \text{you} + \text{to put on weight}

其中 Eating excess calories 是動名詞片語,作為主詞;excess 修飾名詞 calories。

選項分析

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第 28 題

As for patients’ privacy, the hospital _____ one-to-one interaction between doctor and patient.

(A) comments
(B) destructs
(C) obscures
(D) guarantees

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. 動詞字義與語境判斷
  2. 動詞及物用法
  3. 醫療隱私相關語意

句意是:就病人的隱私而言,醫院應能確保醫師與病人之間的一對一互動。

其中,能與「病人隱私」及「一對一互動」形成正面、合理語意的動詞是 guarantees。

解題方法

先分析句子結構:

As for patients’ privacy, the hospital _____ one-to-one interaction between doctor and patient.

  • As for patients’ privacy:介系詞片語,表示「至於病人的隱私」
  • the hospital:主詞
  • _____:主要動詞
  • one-to-one interaction between doctor and patient:受詞

句型為:

主詞 + 動詞 + 受詞

醫院在保護病人隱私時,會「確保」醫師與病人之間的單獨互動,因此填入 guarantees 最符合語意。

題幹定位與翻譯

原文:

As for patients’ privacy, the hospital guarantees one-to-one interaction between doctor and patient.

翻譯:

就病人的隱私而言,醫院確保醫師與病人之間的一對一互動。

「一對一互動」代表醫師與病人單獨溝通,有助於維護病人隱私。

選項分析

(A) comments

  • comment 作動詞時表示「評論、發表意見」。
  • 常見用法是 comment on something,後面通常需要介系詞 on。
  • The hospital comments one-to-one interaction 缺少必要的介系詞,且「醫院評論一對一互動」不符合本句要表達的隱私保障概念。
  • 因此錯誤。

(B) destructs

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第 29 題

The experiment _____ that dogs are capable of learning over 100 different words.

(A) contradicted
(B) demonstrated
(C) complied
(D) explored

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「動詞語意與搭配用法」。

句型為:

The experiment _____ that dogs are capable of learning over 100 different words.

「實驗顯示/證明狗能夠學習超過 100 個不同的單字」,空格需要填入能與 that 子句搭配,且符合語意的動詞。

其中:

  • demonstrate that + 子句:證明、顯示……
  • be capable of + V-ing:有能力做……
  • over 100:超過 100 個
  • different words:不同的單字

解題方法

先觀察句意:

The experiment _____ that dogs are capable of learning over 100 different words.

主詞是 The experiment,受詞內容是後面的 that dogs are capable of...。實驗通常用來「顯示、證明」研究結果,因此最自然的搭配是:

demonstrate that + 研究結果

填入後:

The experiment demonstrated that dogs are capable of learning over 100 different words.

翻譯為:

這項實驗證明狗有能力學習超過 100 個不同的單字。

此外,題目使用過去式 demonstrated,與主詞 The experiment 及過去已完成的實驗結果相符。

選項分析

(A) contradicted

contradict 意為「反駁、與……矛盾」。

The experiment contradicted that dogs are capable of learning...

此句在文法搭配上並非完全不能成立,但語意是「實驗反駁狗有能力學習超過 100 個單字」,與題幹所呈現的研究發現不符。若要表達否定研究結果,通常會說:

The experiment contradicted the claim that dogs are capable of learning...

本題要表達實驗支持並呈現這項能力,因此不選。

(B) demonstrated

demonstrate 意為「證明、顯示、展示」。

The experiment demonstrated that dogs are capable of learning over 100 different words.

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第 30 題

This jacket feels like it’s made of _____ leather, not man-made materials.

(A) synthetic
(B) artificial
(C) genuine
(D) counterfeit

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「材質形容詞的語意辨識」,重點在於根據句中的對比關係,判斷皮革是真皮還是人造皮革。

題幹將兩種材質作對比:

  • genuine leather:真皮、真皮革
  • man-made materials:人造材料

因此,空格應填入表示「真正的、非人造的」形容詞。

解題方法

定位關鍵句:

This jacket feels like it’s made of _____ leather, not man-made materials.
這件外套摸起來像是由 _____ 皮革製成,而不是人造材料。

句中的 not man-made materials 明確表示「不是人造材料」,因此前面的材質必須與人造材料相對,答案為 genuine leather,即「真皮」。

完整句意為:

This jacket feels like it’s made of genuine leather, not man-made materials.
這件外套摸起來像是由真皮製成,而不是人造材料。

文法與語意重點

句型為:

feel like + 子句
摸起來/感覺像是……

其中:

it’s made of + 材質
是由某種材料製成

be made of 表示製成品仍能看出原材料,例如:

  • The table is made of wood.
    這張桌子是木頭製成的。

本題的 genuine 放在名詞 leather 前面作形容詞,形成 genuine leather。語意上,genuine leather 與 man-made materials 構成「天然真皮」與「人造材料」的對比。

選項分析

(A) synthetic

synthetic 意為「合成的、人造的」,常見搭配為:

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第 31 題

If I _____ a pet, I would spend more time at home.

(A) own
(B) had owned
(C) have owned
(D) owned

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:第二類條件句(Second Conditional)

本題考查「與現在或未來事實相反、純屬假設」的條件句,句型為:

If+主詞+過去式, 主詞+would+原形動詞\text{If}+\text{主詞}+\text{過去式},\ \text{主詞}+\text{would}+\text{原形動詞}

題幹後半句為:

I would spend more time at home.
我就會花更多時間待在家裡。

主要子句使用 would + 原形動詞,因此前面的 if 子句應搭配一般過去式,形成第二類條件句:

If I owned a pet, I would spend more time at home.
如果我養一隻寵物,我就會花更多時間待在家裡。

這裡的 owned 不一定表示過去發生的事情,而是表示「目前並沒有寵物,只是在假設自己有寵物」。

解題方法

先觀察主要子句:

I would spend more time at home.

看到 would + 原形動詞,即可判定這是第二類條件句。第二類條件句的 if 子句必須使用一般過去式:

If+S+V-ed, S+would+V\text{If}+\text{S}+\text{V-ed},\ \text{S}+\text{would}+\text{V}

動詞 own 的一般過去式為 owned,因此答案為:

If I owned a pet, I would spend more time at home.\boxed{\text{If I owned a pet, I would spend more time at home.}}

題幹定位與翻譯

關鍵結構是:

If I _____ a pet, I would spend more time at home.

翻譯:

如果我養一隻寵物,我就會花更多時間待在家裡。

其中 would spend 明確提示前面的 if 子句要使用過去式 owned。

選項分析

(A) own

own 是一般現在式,表示「擁有、飼養」。若使用現在式,通常搭配第一類條件句:

If I own a pet, I will spend more time at home.
如果我養了一隻寵物,我將會花更多時間待在家裡。

但本題主要子句使用 would spend,屬於第二類條件句,因此不能使用一般現在式 own。故錯誤。

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第 32 題

This young lady tends to “give suggestions” to every shop or restaurant she goes to. In fact, her suggestions are not really advice _____ complaints.

(A) but rather
(B) but also
(C) not only
(D) more than

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查對等連接詞與語意對比,句型為:

not A but rather B
不是 A,而是 B

題幹指出,這位小姐表面上是在「給建議」,實際上那些所謂的建議並非真正的建議,而是抱怨。因此空格需填入表示「反而是、而是」的 but rather。


解題方法

定位答案的關鍵句為:

her suggestions are not really advice _____ complaints.
她的建議其實不是真正的建議,而是抱怨。

句中已有 not really advice,後面需要接一個與 not 呼應、用來修正前述內容的對比結構:

not really advice but rather complaints
並非真正的建議,而是抱怨。

其中:

  • advice:建議、忠告,不可數名詞
  • complaint:抱怨、投訴;此處用複數 complaints,表示各種抱怨
  • but rather:而是、反而是

完整句意為:

事實上,她的建議並不是真正的建議,而是抱怨。


選項分析

(A) but rather

正確。not A but rather B 表示「不是 A,而是 B」,符合題幹「表面是建議,實際是抱怨」的語意對比。

not really advice but rather complaints
並非真正的建議,而是抱怨。

(B) but also

錯誤。not only A but also B 表示「不僅 A,而且 B」,用來添加兩項同時成立的內容。

若填入後會變成:

not really advice but also complaints

語意近似「不是真正的建議,而且也是抱怨」,但題幹要表達的是「所謂建議其實是抱怨」,不是並列增加另一項特質。且標準句型應為 not only A but also B,題幹沒有 only。

(C) not only

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第 33 題

When _____ to leave the party by the hostess, Diana burst out crying.

(A) to be asked
(B) asking
(C) ask
(D) asked

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:分詞構句與被動語態

題幹:

When _____ to leave the party by the hostess, Diana burst out crying.
當 Diana 被女主人要求離開派對時,她突然哭了起來。

本題考查「時間副詞子句的省略」以及「過去分詞表示被動」:

完整句應為:

When Diana was asked to leave the party by the hostess, Diana burst out crying.

當主、副詞子句的主詞相同時,副詞子句可省略主詞與 be 動詞:

When Diana was asked→When asked\text{When Diana was asked} \rightarrow \text{When asked}

其中 asked 是過去分詞,表示 Diana「被要求」離開,符合 by the hostess 所提示的被動關係。

解題方法

先觀察空格後面的結構:

_____ to leave the party by the hostess

by the hostess 表示動作者是「女主人」,而 Diana 是接受動作的人,因此需要被動語態:

Diana was asked to leave\text{Diana was asked to leave}

ask + 人 + to V 表示「要求某人做某事」:

The hostess asked Diana to leave.
女主人要求 Diana 離開。

改成被動語態:

Diana was asked to leave by the hostess.
Diana 被女主人要求離開。

由於主句主詞也是 Diana,副詞子句可省略成:

When asked to leave by the hostess, Diana burst out crying.

因此空格應填過去分詞 asked。

選項分析

(A) to be asked

to be asked 是被動不定詞,表示「被要求」。但 when 引導時間副詞子句時,此處需要表示事件發生時間的分詞形式,不能使用:

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第 34 題

On the stage stands Jay Chou _____ songs are immensely popular with kids and adults alike.

(A) whose
(B) , whose
(C) of whom
(D) , of which

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:非限定關係子句與所有格關係代名詞

本題考兩個重點:

  1. 非限定關係子句:用逗號補充說明前面的專有名詞。
  2. whose:表示「某人的/某物的」,後面直接接名詞。

題幹中的關係子句是:

Jay Chou, whose songs are immensely popular with kids and adults alike
周杰倫的歌曲受到兒童與成人同樣地喜愛。

其中:

  • whose songs = 周杰倫的歌曲
  • whose 是所有格關係代名詞,修飾後面的名詞 songs
  • are immensely popular = 極受歡迎
  • with kids and adults alike = 同樣受到兒童與成人的喜愛
  • alike = 同樣地;兩者都

Jay Chou 是明確的專有名詞,後面的「他的歌曲很受歡迎」只是額外補充資訊,因此應使用逗號隔開的非限定關係子句。


解題方法

先還原句子的正常語序:

Jay Chou stands on the stage, whose songs are immensely popular with kids and adults alike.

原句使用倒裝:

On the stage stands Jay Chou, whose songs are immensely popular with kids and adults alike.

句首的地點副詞片語 On the stage 提前,形成「地點片語 + 動詞 + 主詞」的倒裝句型:

On the stage stands Jay Chou.
周杰倫站在舞台上。

接著判斷後半句與 Jay Chou 的關係:

Jay Chou’s songs are immensely popular with kids and adults alike.

將 Jay Chou’s 改成所有格關係代名詞 whose:

Jay Chou, whose songs are immensely popular with kids and adults alike

因此完整句子為:

On the stage stands Jay Chou, whose songs are immensely popular with kids and adults alike.

逗號後的 whose songs... 是非限定關係子句,用來補充說明 Jay Chou,而非用來限定「是哪一位 Jay Chou」。


選項分析

(A) whose

On the stage stands Jay Chou whose songs are immensely popular...

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第 35 題

Daisy had to stay home because the heavy rain continued _____ all morning.

(A) falling
(B) fallen
(C) fell
(D) falls

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「continue + V-ing」的用法。

continue 表示「持續、繼續」,後面可接:

  • continue + V-ing
  • continue + to + V

因此:

  • continue falling = 持續下落
  • continue to fall = 持續下落

題幹中的 the heavy rain continued _____ all morning,意思是「大雨整個早上持續下著」,空格須填現在分詞 falling,形成 continued falling。

解題方法

定位答案的關鍵句為:

Daisy had to stay home because the heavy rain continued falling all morning.
黛西只好待在家裡,因為大雨整個早上持續下著。

句型分析如下:

  • Daisy had to stay home:主句,表示「Daisy 不得不待在家裡」。
  • because:因為,引導原因副詞子句。
  • the heavy rain:主詞,「大雨」。
  • continued falling:動詞片語,「持續下著」。
  • all morning:時間副詞片語,「整個早上」。

此處 continued 已是過去式主要動詞,後面需要接動名詞或現在分詞 falling,表達「持續進行的動作」。雨正在「下落」,所以使用 falling。

選項分析

(A) falling

正確。continue + V-ing 表示「持續做某事」,continued falling 即「持續下著」。fall 在此指雨水落下、下雨,符合語意。

(B) fallen

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第 36 題

I _____ myself to a big meal, but I left my wallet at home.

(A) would treat
(B) must have treated
(C) could have treated
(D) should treat

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「情態助動詞 + have + 過去分詞」表達過去事件的語意。

關鍵片語是:

  • treat oneself to + 食物/活動:犒賞自己享用……;請自己吃……
  • could have + 過去分詞:本來可以做某事,但實際上沒有做
  • must have + 過去分詞:一定已經做過某事,用於對過去的推論
  • should + 原形動詞:應該做某事,表義務、建議或合理行動
  • would + 原形動詞:會……;常用於假設、意願或過去習慣

解題方法

先抓轉折連接詞 but。題意是:

I _____ myself to a big meal, but I left my wallet at home.
我本來可以請自己吃一頓豐盛的餐點,但我把錢包留在家裡。

「把錢包留在家裡」造成無法用餐,因此前半句表達「原本有機會做,卻因某個原因沒有做」。符合的句型是:

could have+過去分詞\text{could have}+\text{過去分詞}

本題動詞為 treat,過去分詞為 treated,所以答案為:

could have treated\text{could have treated}

題幹定位與翻譯

定位答案的關鍵是:

but I left my wallet at home

此句表示說話者因為錢包不在身邊,實際上沒有享用那頓大餐。因此前面的空格須表達「本來可以,結果沒有」。

完整句意為:

I could have treated myself to a big meal, but I left my wallet at home.
我本來可以請自己吃一頓豐盛的餐點,但我把錢包留在家裡了。

選項分析

(A) would treat

句子變成:

I would treat myself to a big meal, but I left my wallet at home.

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第 37 題

The recent beauty trend has changed the way young people look at themselves and, _____, the people around them.

(A) to break the ice
(B) by extension
(C) in question
(D) by all means

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「連接副詞片語的語意判斷」,重點是根據前後文判斷空格所需的邏輯關係。

句型為:

change the way A look at themselves and, _____, the people around them

其中 by extension 是插入語,前後以逗號隔開,表示「延伸而言、進一步說、連帶地」。前句談年輕人如何看待自己,後句延伸到他們如何看待身邊的人,語意銜接自然。

關鍵單字與片語

  • recent:最近的
  • beauty trend:美容潮流、美容趨勢
  • change:改變
  • the way ... look at ...:……看待……的方式
  • young people:年輕人
  • themselves:他們自己
  • people around them:他們周遭的人
  • by extension:延伸而言、進一步說、連帶地
  • break the ice:打破僵局、打開話題
  • in question:所談到的、被討論的
  • by all means:當然可以、務必

解題方法

先抓句子的主要結構:

The recent beauty trend has changed the way young people look at themselves and, _____, the people around them.

changed 後面連接兩個受影響的對象:

  1. 年輕人看待自己的方式
  2. 年輕人看待周遭人們的方式

第二部分是從「看待自己」延伸到「看待他人」,因此需要表達「連帶延伸」的副詞片語:

and, by extension, the people around them

全句翻譯為:

最近的美容潮流已經改變了年輕人看待自己的方式,並且連帶地改變了他們看待周遭人們的方式。

題幹定位答案的關鍵句

The recent beauty trend has changed the way young people look at themselves and, _____, the people around them.

翻譯:

最近的美容潮流已經改變了年輕人看待自己的方式,並且進一步影響了他們看待周遭人們的方式。

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第 38 題

It was not until Gina failed the exam for the third time _____ to study properly.

(A) would she resolve
(B) did she resolve
(C) that she resolved
(D) she did resolve

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:It was not until ... that ...

本題考「It was not until ... that ...」句型,意思是:

直到……才……

基本結構如下:

It was not until + 時間/事件 + that + 主詞 + 動詞

題幹句型:

It was not until Gina failed the exam for the third time that she resolved to study properly.

意思是:

直到 Gina 第三次考試不及格,她才決心好好讀書。

此句的重點在於:that 後面使用正常語序,也就是「主詞 + 動詞」,不能倒裝。


解題方法

先找出句子的主要結構:

It was not until Gina failed the exam for the third time _____ to study properly.

空格後接片語:

to study properly

其前面需要接完整的主詞與動詞:

she resolved to study properly
她決心好好讀書

因此,空格應填入:

that she resolved

完整句為:

It was not until Gina failed the exam for the third time that she resolved to study properly.

句中:

  • It was not until ... that ...:直到……才……
  • fail the exam:考試不及格
  • for the third time:第三次
  • resolve to V:決心做某事
  • study properly:好好讀書、適當地研讀

題幹定位與翻譯

題幹中決定答案的結構是:

It was not until Gina failed the exam for the third time that she resolved to study properly.

翻譯:

直到 Gina 第三次考試不及格,她才決心好好讀書。

其中 that she resolved 是標準的「It was not until ... that ...」句型;that 後面必須使用正常語序:

she resolved

不能寫成倒裝語序:

did she resolve


選項分析

(A) would she resolve

句子變成:

It was not until Gina failed the exam for the third time would she resolve to study properly.

錯誤原因有二:

  1. It was not until ... that ... 句型中,until 子句後面必須接 that,不能直接接 would。
  2. would she resolve 是倒裝語序,不符合此句型的基本結構。

此外,題幹描述的是過去已發生的事件,主句應使用過去式 resolved,不需要使用 would resolve。


(B) did she resolve

句子變成:

It was not until Gina failed the exam for the third time did she resolve to study properl

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第 39 題

The virus is so highly infectious _____ more than 100 million people worldwide have contracted it.

(A) that
(B) when
(C) in that
(D) enough

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查「結果副詞子句」句型:

so + 形容詞/副詞 + that + 子句
表示「如此……以致於……」。

題幹中的:

  • so highly infectious:如此高度傳染性的
  • more than 100 million people worldwide have contracted it:全世界有超過一億人感染它

前半句說明病毒的程度,後半句說明由此產生的結果,因此必須使用 that 連接結果子句。

句型結構如下:

主詞+be+so+形容詞+that+結果子句\text{主詞}+\text{be}+\text{so}+\text{形容詞}+\text{that}+\text{結果子句}

解題方法

定位答案的關鍵句是:

The virus is so highly infectious that more than 100 million people worldwide have contracted it.
這種病毒的傳染性非常高,以致於全世界有超過一億人感染它。

空格前為 so + 形容詞 infectious,空格後為完整子句:

more than 100 million people worldwide have contracted it

這個子句表達「結果」,符合:

so + adj. + that + S + V

因此答案選 (A) that。

關鍵單字與片語

  • virus:病毒
  • highly:高度地;非常
  • infectious:具傳染性的
  • more than:超過
  • worldwide:全世界地;遍及全球
  • contract:感染疾病;罹患疾病
  • have contracted:已經感染
  • contracted it:感染它;此處的 it 指前面的 the virus 所造成的疾病或感染

選項分析

(A) that

正確。

so + 形容詞 + that + 結果子句 是固定句型:

The virus is so highly infectious that ...

意義為「病毒的傳染性如此高,以致於……」,後方接完整結果,因此符合文法與語意。

(B) when

錯誤。

when 表示「當……時」,用來引導時間副詞子句,說明事情發生的時間。

若填入 when:

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第 40 題

Many countries have rolled out COVID-19 vaccines; _____, the ill effects of the pandemic will be relieved at last.

(A) from scratch
(B) in addition
(C) mercilessly
(D) hopefully

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「副詞的語意與句中功能」。空格位於分號後、主要子句前,需填入能修飾整個句子的句首副詞,並且符合上下文邏輯。

題幹前句指出許多國家已推出 COVID-19 疫苗,後句則表達對疫情負面影響終將減輕的期待。因此應選表示「希望地、但願」的副詞 hopefully。

關鍵單字與片語

  • country:國家
  • roll out:推出、正式施行;本句指推出或開始施打疫苗
  • COVID-19 vaccine:COVID-19 疫苗
  • ill effects:不良影響、負面效應
  • pandemic:大流行病;本句指 COVID-19 疫情
  • relieve:減輕、緩和
  • at last:終於、最後
  • hopefully:希望地;但願

題幹定位與翻譯

關鍵語意位於後半句:

“the ill effects of the pandemic will be relieved at last.”
「疫情的不良影響終將獲得緩解。」

前半句提到疫苗已推出,後半句表達「希望疫情影響終於能減輕」的樂觀期待,因此空格應填 hopefully:

Many countries have rolled out COVID-19 vaccines; hopefully, the ill effects of the pandemic will be relieved at last.
許多國家已推出 COVID-19 疫苗;但願疫情的不良影響終於能獲得緩解。

解題方法

先判斷空格所需的詞性。四個選項皆可作副詞,但必須進一步判斷其語意是否符合句子。

句型為:

前述事實; 句首副詞, 完整子句\text{前述事實};\ \text{句首副詞},\ \text{完整子句}
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第 41 題

_____ you try one, you’ll notice how soft and buttery it is.

(A) Once
(B) Despite
(C) Whereas
(D) Hence

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「連接詞與語意邏輯」的判斷,重點在於:

  • Once + 子句:一旦……就……
  • Despite + 名詞/動名詞:儘管……;不能直接接完整子句
  • Whereas + 子句:然而、相較之下;表示對比
  • Hence:因此、所以;屬副詞,通常不能直接放在句首連接兩個完整子句

題幹語意是「一旦你試吃一個,就會注意到它有多麼柔軟、奶油味十足」,前後是「條件/時間先後」關係。

解題方法

先觀察空格後方的結構:

you try one

這是一個完整子句,包含主詞 you 與動詞 try。因此,空格應填入能引導完整子句的連接詞。

再根據語意判斷:

_____ you try one, you’ll notice how soft and buttery it is.

後半句 you’ll notice 表示「你會注意到」,前半句是發生這件事的條件或時間:

一旦你試吃一個,你就會注意到它有多麼柔軟、奶油味十足。

因此應選用表示「一旦……就……」的 Once。

題幹定位與翻譯

題幹關鍵句:

Once you try one, you’ll notice how soft and buttery it is.

翻譯:

一旦你試吃一個,就會注意到它有多麼柔軟、奶油味十足。

句型分析:

  • Once you try one:一旦你試吃一個
  • you’ll notice:你就會注意到
  • how soft and buttery it is:它是多麼柔軟且有濃郁奶油味

其中 how + 形容詞 + 主詞 + be 動詞 可形成名詞子句,作為 notice 的受詞。

選項分析

(A) Once

Once 是從屬連接詞,表示「一旦……就……」,後面可接完整子句。

Once you try one, you’ll notice ...

語意與文法皆正確,表示「一旦你試吃一個,就會注意到……」。

因此 (A) Once 正確。

(B) Despite

Despite 是介系詞,表示「儘管……」,後面通常接:

  • 名詞:despite the rain
  • 代名詞:despite this
  • 動名詞:despite being tired
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第 42 題

Dogs and cats have something _____. Both kinds of pets usually prefer their owner's attention over food or treats, even if they are hungry.

(A) in contrast
(B) apart from
(C) at odds
(D) in common

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考的是英文固定片語與語意判斷,句型為:

have something in common
有某些共同點;具有相似之處

題目前半句是:

Dogs and cats have something _____.
狗和貓有某些共同點。

後句說明兩者的共同點:

Both kinds of pets usually prefer their owner's attention over food or treats, even if they are hungry.
這兩種寵物通常都比較喜歡主人的關注,而不是食物或零食,即使牠們感到飢餓也是如此。

因此,空格必須填入表示「共同」的片語,答案是 in common。


解題方法

先觀察空格前的動詞:

have something _____

英文中 have something in common 是完整且固定的搭配,表示「有共同點」。

句意可整理為:

狗和貓有某些共同點。這兩種寵物通常都偏好主人的關注,而非食物或零食。

後句中的 Both kinds of pets 明確指出「兩種寵物都……」,與前句的「共同點」相互呼應,因此選擇 in common。


選項分析

(A) in contrast

in contrast 意為「相反地;形成對比」。

例如:

Cats are independent. In contrast, dogs are often more social.
貓很獨立。相較之下,狗通常更喜歡社交。

此片語用來表示兩者之間的差異,通常搭配 to 或 with:

in contrast to / in contrast with

填入後為:

Dogs and cats have something in contrast.

此句不符合英文固定搭配,且後句描述的是狗和貓的相同特徵,而非對比,因此錯誤。

(B) apart from

apart from 意為「除了……之外;撇開……不談」。

例如:

Apart from his age, he is qualified for the job.
除了年齡之外,他符合這份工作的資格。

填入後為:

Dogs and cats have something apart from.

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第 43 題

The security guard became alert immediately when he noticed someone acting _____ near the entrance of the building.

(A) suspicious
(B) suspiciously
(C) suspect
(D) suspicion

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「詞性判斷」與副詞修飾動詞的用法。

句中空格位於動詞 acting 之後,用來說明「表現得如何」,因此需要副詞修飾動詞。四個選項中,只有 suspiciously 是副詞,意思是「可疑地、鬼鬼祟祟地」。

基本詞性如下:

  • suspicious:形容詞,可疑的
  • suspiciously:副詞,可疑地、形跡可疑地
  • suspect:動詞「懷疑」、名詞「嫌疑犯」,也可作形容詞「可疑的」
  • suspicion:名詞,懷疑、疑心

題幹定位與翻譯

關鍵句為:

The security guard became alert immediately when he noticed someone acting _____ near the entrance of the building.

翻譯:

當保全注意到有人在建築物入口附近行跡可疑地活動時,他立刻提高警覺。

其中 acting _____ 是「表現得……、行為舉止……」的意思。空格修飾動詞 acting,須使用副詞,因此選 suspiciously。

解題方法

先找出空格所修飾的字:

acting+副詞\text{acting} + \text{副詞}

acting 是動詞,表示「行動、舉止、表現」。描述行動方式時,應使用副詞:

  • act cautiously:謹慎地行動
  • act strangely:行為奇怪地
  • act suspiciously:行跡可疑地

因此完整句為:

The security guard became alert immediately when he noticed someone acting suspiciously near the entrance of the building.

句意是保全發現有人在入口附近行跡可疑,所以立刻提高警覺,語意自然且合乎文法。

選項分析

(A) suspicious

suspicious 是形容詞,意思是「可疑的、令人懷疑的」,通常用來修飾名詞,或放在連綴動詞後作主詞補語。

例如:

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第 44 題

People with a tendency to procrastinate often fail to finish tasks on time, _____ achieve their personal goals.

(A) even though
(B) let alone
(C) regardless of
(D) as well as

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「否定或不足程度的遞進語意」與連接片語的用法。

句型:

fail to A, let alone B
未能做到 A,更不用說做到 B

其中,前面的 fail to finish tasks on time 表示「無法準時完成工作」,後面的 achieve their personal goals 表示「達成個人目標」。語意上,達成個人目標比準時完成工作更進一步,因此使用 let alone 表示「更不用說」。

解題方法

定位答案的關鍵句為:

People with a tendency to procrastinate often fail to finish tasks on time, let alone achieve their personal goals.

翻譯:

有拖延傾向的人經常無法準時完成工作,更不用說達成他們的個人目標。

解題步驟如下:

  1. 逗號前的 fail to finish tasks on time 是負面結果,表示連基本工作都無法準時完成。
  2. 逗號後的 achieve their personal goals 是更高層次、更困難的目標。
  3. 前項已經做不到,後項更不容易做到,因此形成「連……都……,更不用說……」的遞進關係。
  4. 符合此語意及句型的片語是 let alone。

選項分析

(A) even though

even though 是從屬連接詞,意思是「即使、雖然」,後面通常接完整子句:

even though + 主詞 + 動詞

例如:

Even though he was tired, he continued working.
雖然他很累,他仍繼續工作。

本句逗號後接的是 achieve their personal goals,屬於動詞片語,並未形成完整子句;而且本句也不是「雖然無法準時完成工作,卻達成目標」的讓步關係,因此不合適。

(B) let alone

let alone 意思是「更不用說、遑論」,用於表示前項已經很難做到,後項更不可能做到。

本句中:

  • fail to finish tasks on time:連準時完成工作都做不到
  • achieve their personal goals:更不用說達成個人目標

語意形成合理的遞進關係,且 let alone 後面可接與前面平行的動詞片語:

fail to finish ..., let alone achieve ...

因此為正確答案。

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第 45 題

He believes _____ all children are born with equal intelligence.

(A) that
(B) this
(C) in
(D) what

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:that 引導名詞子句

本題考查動詞 believe 後接受詞名詞子句的用法。

句型為:

主詞+believe+that+完整子句\text{主詞}+\text{believe}+\text{that}+\text{完整子句}

其中 that 是從屬連接詞,用來引導名詞子句,表示「……這件事」。名詞子句作為 believe 的受詞。

題幹中的:

He believes _____ all children are born with equal intelligence.

空格後的 all children are born with equal intelligence 是一個結構完整的子句:

  • 主詞:all children
  • 動詞:are born
  • 補語:with equal intelligence

因此,空格需要填入能引導完整名詞子句的連接詞 that。

解題方法

先找主要動詞 believes,再觀察其後是否需要一個完整的受詞。

believe 可用以下句型:

believe+名詞\text{believe}+\text{名詞}

例如:

He believes the story.

也可用:

believe+that+完整子句\text{believe}+\text{that}+\text{完整子句}

例如:

He believes that the story is true.

本題中,believes 後面接的是完整子句 all children are born with equal intelligence,所以必須使用 that 來引導名詞子句。

完整句子為:

He believes that all children are born with equal intelligence.

翻譯:

他相信所有孩子出生時都具有同等的智力。

選項分析

(A) that:正確

that 可作為從屬連接詞,引導名詞子句:

that all children are born with equal intelligence

整個子句作為 believes 的受詞,文法與語意皆正確。

完整句意為:

他相信所有孩子出生時都具有同等的智力。

(B) this:錯誤

this 是指示代名詞或指示限定詞,意思是「這個、這件事」。它不能直接放在 believes 後面引導完整子句。

錯誤結構:

He believes this all children are born with equal intelligence.

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第 46 題

Kate has no idea who _____ for help when she is in trouble.

(A) should ask
(B) is asking
(C) to ask
(D) can she ask

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「疑問詞 + 不定詞」的句型:

疑問詞+to V\text{疑問詞} + \text{to V}

常見形式包括:

  • what to do:要做什麼
  • where to go:要去哪裡
  • how to solve:要如何解決
  • who to ask:要問誰、要向誰求助

句型 have no idea + 疑問詞子句/疑問詞 + to V 表示「不知道……」。

題幹中的 who to ask for help 意思是「要向誰求助」。


解題方法

先找出主要句型:

Kate has no idea who _____ for help when she is in trouble.

主要結構是:

Kate has no idea+疑問詞片語\text{Kate has no idea} + \text{疑問詞片語}

空格後有 for help,因此需要填入能和 who 共同構成「向誰求助」的結構。

固定搭配為:

ask someone for help
向某人求助

在「不知道要向誰求助」的表達中,可使用:

who to ask for help

完整句子為:

Kate has no idea who to ask for help when she is in trouble.

翻譯:

Kate 遇到麻煩時,不知道要向誰求助。

因此選擇 (C) to ask。


選項分析

(A) should ask

若填入後為:

Kate has no idea who should ask for help when she is in trouble.

此句的 who 會被理解為「誰應該求助」,也就是 who 作主詞;句意變成「Kate 不知道誰應該求助」,不符合原句想表達的「Kate 不知道自己應該向誰求助」。

若要使用 should ask,正確結構應為:

Kate has no idea who she should ask for help.

此處 who 是動詞 ask 的受詞,後面必須有主詞 she。因此 (A) 錯誤。


(B) is asking

填入後為:

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第 47 題

Anyone _____ needs to access information on the corporate database must obtain login credentials first.

(A) who
(B) whom
(C) with who
(D) which

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:關係代名詞作主詞

本題考「關係代名詞」的選擇,以及先行詞為人的情況。

題幹:

Anyone _____ needs to access information on the corporate database must obtain login credentials first.

空格後的 needs 是動詞,前面需要一個關係代名詞作為 needs 的主詞。先行詞是 Anyone,指「任何人」,因此應使用指人的主格關係代名詞 who。

句型為:

Anyone who needs to access information ...
任何需要存取資訊的人……

解題方法

先找出空格後的動詞:

_____ needs to access ...

此處的 needs 缺少主詞,因此空格必須填入能作主詞的關係代名詞。

再判斷先行詞:

Anyone

anyone 指人,且在關係子句中需要主格,因此答案是 who。

完整句子:

Anyone who needs to access information on the corporate database must obtain login credentials first.

翻譯:

任何需要存取公司資料庫資訊的人,都必須先取得登入憑證。

選項分析

(A) who 正確

who 用來指人,可在關係子句中作主詞。

who needs ...

其中 who 是 needs 的主詞,文法結構完整。

(B) whom 錯誤

whom 是指人的受格關係代名詞,通常作動詞或介系詞的受詞,不能在本句中作 needs 的主詞。

錯誤結構:

whom needs

正確使用方式如:

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第 48 題

Carol has to see a doctor, and Tom _____, too.

(A) have
(B) does
(C) has
(D) is

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:代動詞 do 的替代用法

本題考「助動詞代替前面已出現的動詞片語」,避免重複整個動作。

題幹中的關鍵句為:

Carol has to see a doctor, and Tom _____, too.
Carol 必須去看醫生,Tom 也必須去看醫生。

前句的主要動詞片語是 has to see a doctor,其中:

  • have to:必須、不得不
  • see a doctor:看醫生
  • has to:主詞為第三人稱單數時,have to 的形式

後半句不必重複 has to see a doctor,可用助動詞 does 代替:

Tom does, too.
Tom 也一樣。

完整還原為:

Carol has to see a doctor, and Tom does have to see a doctor, too.

實際句子中將重複部分省略,留下 does。


解題方法

判斷步驟如下:

  1. 找出前句的動作:has to see a doctor。
  2. 判斷 has to 在此不是「擁有」的意思,而是「必須」的片語。
  3. 前句使用一般現在式,且沒有情態助動詞,因此以 do 系列代替。
  4. 主詞 Tom 是第三人稱單數,故使用 does。
  5. too 表示「也」,與前面的肯定內容相呼應。

句型為:

主詞 + 一般現在式動詞,and + 主詞 + do/does/did,too.

因此:

Carol has to see a doctor, and Tom does, too.


選項分析

(A) have

Tom have, too.

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第 49 題

I mustn't have any more chocolate, _____ much I feel like it.

(A) whoever
(B) whenever
(C) however
(D) whichever

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「讓步副詞子句」及疑問詞與 how 的複合用法。

句型:

however + 形容詞/副詞/數量詞=no matter how + 形容詞/副詞/數量詞\text{however + 形容詞/副詞/數量詞} = \text{no matter how + 形容詞/副詞/數量詞}

其中 however much 表示「不管多麼……;無論多想……」。句中的 much 修飾省略的程度概念,表示「多麼」;I feel like it 表示「我很想要那件事」,此處指「很想再吃巧克力」。

解題方法

題幹:

I mustn't have any more chocolate, however much I feel like it.
不管我多麼想吃,我都不能再吃巧克力了。

前半句表達「禁止或不得做某事」,後半句表達「即使慾望很強,結果仍不改變」的讓步語意,因此需要填入表示「無論多麼」的 however。

完整句意為:

I mustn't have any more chocolate, however much I feel like it.
不管我多麼想再吃巧克力,我都不能再吃了。

選項分析

  • (A) whoever

whoever 表示「無論誰;任何人」。它指人,常見於:

Whoever calls, tell them I am not home.
不管誰打電話來,都告訴對方我不在家。

本題後面是 much I feel like it,需要表達「程度多麼強」,不是指「誰」,因此不合文意。

  • (B) whenever

whenever 表示「無論何時;每當」。它指時間,常見於:

Whenever I am tired, I go to bed early.
每當我累的時候,我就早點睡。

本題並非討論時間,而是「我想吃巧克力的程度」,因此不適合。

  • (C) however
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第 50 題

Either Jack or his parents _____ the car.

(A) owning
(B) owns
(C) own
(D) is owning

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. Either A or B 的主詞動詞一致
  2. 一般現在式
  3. own 作為狀態動詞時的用法

句型:

Either A or B + 動詞

當主詞由 either A or B 連接時,動詞通常與靠近動詞的主詞一致。本題中靠近動詞的是 his parents,為複數,因此動詞使用複數形式 own。


題幹翻譯與關鍵字

Either Jack or his parents _____ the car.
傑克或他的父母擁有這輛車。

關鍵單字與片語:

  • either A or B:A 或 B 其中之一
  • parent:父母之一;parents:父母
  • own:擁有
  • car:汽車

題幹定位答案的關鍵在於:

Either Jack or his parents _____ the car.
「either A or B」結構中的動詞,依靠近動詞的主詞 his parents 決定形式。


解題方法

先找出真正的主詞結構:

  • Jack:單數
  • his parents:複數
  • 連接詞:either...or...
  • 動詞位置:_____ the car

依照「就近一致」原則,動詞要配合靠近空格的 his parents。

因為 parents 是複數,現在式使用原形動詞:

his parents+own\text{his parents} + \text{own}

因此完整句子為:

Either Jack or his parents own the car.


選項分析

(A) owning

owning 是現在分詞或動名詞,不能單獨作為一般現在式的主要動詞。

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第 51 題

【題組共用題幹】

William Shakespeare was a famous English writer. He mostly wrote plays and special poems. Those poems are called sonnets, (51) they have a unique pattern. Besides, they aren’t easy to write. That didn’t stop scientists, though. One team just trained a computer to write poetry (52) Shakespeare’s. They entered nearly 3,000 sonnets into their machine. Those included the 154 sonnets that Shakespeare created. After that, they used a special program. It emphasized the rules of poetry and (53) the machine followed them. Through AI, the computer is able to put out sonnets. They are (54) they have fooled humans. Ordinary readers can’t tell (55) a person or a machine wrote them. That doesn’t mean they are perfect, though.

(A) and
(B) but
(C) or
(D) as

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 51 題考「對等連接詞」的用法,以及上下文的語意關係。

題目前後為兩個完整子句:

  • Those poems are called sonnets.
  • They have a unique pattern.

兩句皆有主詞與動詞,需用連接詞連接。句意是「這些詩被稱為十四行詩,而且它們具有獨特的格式」,前後為並列、補充關係,因此選用表示「而且、以及」的 and。

解題方法

定位題幹關鍵句:

Those poems are called sonnets, (51) they have a unique pattern.
這些詩被稱為十四行詩,而且它們具有獨特的格式。

前後兩個子句分別說明:

  1. 這些詩的名稱是 sonnets。
  2. 這些詩具有特殊格式。

第二句不是反駁第一句,也不是提供二選一,而是補充說明 sonnets 的特色。因此應使用表「並列、附加」的 and。

句型可整理為:

完整子句, and 完整子句\text{完整子句},\ \text{and}\ \text{完整子句}

選項分析

(A) and:正確

and 表示「和、以及、而且」,用來連接兩個具有並列關係的子句。

Those poems are called sonnets, and they have a unique pattern.

意思是「這些詩被稱為十四行詩,而且它們具有獨特的格式」,符合上下文。

(B) but:錯誤

but 表示「但是」,用於前後具有轉折或對比關係的句子。

本句前半說這些詩被稱為十四行詩,後半說它們具有獨特格式,兩者沒有矛盾或對比,因此不適合使用 but。

(C) or:錯誤

or 表示「或、或者」,用於提供選擇或替代關係。

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第 52 題

【題組共用題幹】

William Shakespeare was a famous English writer. He mostly wrote plays and special poems. Those poems are called sonnets, (51) they have a unique pattern. Besides, they aren’t easy to write. That didn’t stop scientists, though. One team just trained a computer to write poetry (52) Shakespeare’s. They entered nearly 3,000 sonnets into their machine. Those included the 154 sonnets that Shakespeare created. After that, they used a special program. It emphasized the rules of poetry and (53) the machine followed them. Through AI, the computer is able to put out sonnets. They are (54) they have fooled humans. Ordinary readers can’t tell (55) a person or a machine wrote them. That doesn’t mean they are perfect, though.

(A) likely
(B) liked
(C) likes
(D) like

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查介系詞 like 的用法,以及文章前後文的語意判斷。

句子為:

One team just trained a computer to write poetry like Shakespeare’s.

其中 like 是介系詞,表示「像……一樣」,後面接名詞或所有格代名詞。
Shakespeare’s 是所有格形式,完整意思是 Shakespeare’s poetry,即「莎士比亞的詩」。

因此,poetry like Shakespeare’s 意為「像莎士比亞所寫的詩一樣的詩」。


解題方法

先觀察空格前後:

to write poetry _____ Shakespeare’s

空格後的 Shakespeare’s 表示「莎士比亞的詩」,空格需要一個表示「相似」的詞,形成:

write poetry like Shakespeare’s
寫出像莎士比亞的詩一樣的詩

文章前文提到莎士比亞創作了十四行詩,科學家訓練電腦寫詩,內容是在描述電腦創作的詩「類似莎士比亞的詩」,所以選 like。

定位答案的關鍵句:

One team just trained a computer to write poetry like Shakespeare’s.

翻譯:

有一個團隊剛訓練一部電腦寫出像莎士比亞所寫的詩一樣的詩。


選項分析

(A) likely

likely 是形容詞或副詞,意思是「可能的;很可能地」。

例如:

It is likely to rain.
很可能會下雨。

放入句中:

write poetry likely Shakespeare’s

此處 likely 無法直接連接 Shakespeare’s 來表示「像莎士比亞的」。正確表達應使用 like,因此錯誤。


(B) liked

liked 是動詞 like 的過去式或過去分詞,意思是「喜歡過;被喜歡」。

放入句中:

write poetry liked Shakespeare’s

句意變成「寫莎士比亞喜歡的詩」或形成不完整結構,但原句要表達的是「寫出類似莎士比亞詩作的詩」,並非「莎士比亞喜歡的詩」。

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第 53 題

【題組共用題幹】

William Shakespeare was a famous English writer. He mostly wrote plays and special poems. Those poems are called sonnets, (51) they have a unique pattern. Besides, they aren’t easy to write. That didn’t stop scientists, though. One team just trained a computer to write poetry (52) Shakespeare’s. They entered nearly 3,000 sonnets into their machine. Those included the 154 sonnets that Shakespeare created. After that, they used a special program. It emphasized the rules of poetry and (53) the machine followed them. Through AI, the computer is able to put out sonnets. They are (54) they have fooled humans. Ordinary readers can’t tell (55) a person or a machine wrote them. That doesn’t mean they are perfect, though.

(A) make sure
(B) making sure
(C) made sure
(D) makes sure

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 53 題考查:

  1. 對等連接詞 and 前後動詞形式一致
  2. make sure + 子句,表示「確保……」
  3. 時態判斷:文章敘述過去已完成的研究行為,主要使用過去式。

題幹句子為:

After that, they used a special program. It emphasized the rules of poetry and (53) the machine followed them.

其中主詞是 It,指前一句的 a special program。句中的 emphasized 是過去式,因此 and 後面也要接過去式動詞,形成:

It emphasized ... and made sure ...

句意為:

之後,他們使用了一個特殊的程式。這個程式強調詩歌的規則,並確保機器遵守這些規則。

解題方法

先觀察句型:

It emphasized the rules of poetry and ______ the machine followed them.

and 連接兩個由同一主詞 It 所執行的動作:

  • It emphasized ...
  • It ______ ...

前面的 emphasized 是過去式,表示程式當時「強調」詩歌規則;後面的動作也應使用過去式。因此空格應填 made sure。

此外,make sure 後面可接完整子句:

make sure + 主詞 + 動詞

本句為:

made sure + the machine + followed them

表示「確保機器遵守這些規則」。

選項分析

(A) make sure

為原形動詞,通常用於現在式、祈使句,或接在助動詞、不定詞之後。例如:

The program can make sure that the machine follows the rules.

本題中 and 前面是過去式 emphasized,沒有助動詞可使 make 保持原形,因此時態不一致,錯誤。

(B) making sure

為現在分詞或動名詞形式。若句子寫成:

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第 54 題

【題組共用題幹】

William Shakespeare was a famous English writer. He mostly wrote plays and special poems. Those poems are called sonnets, (51) they have a unique pattern. Besides, they aren’t easy to write. That didn’t stop scientists, though. One team just trained a computer to write poetry (52) Shakespeare’s. They entered nearly 3,000 sonnets into their machine. Those included the 154 sonnets that Shakespeare created. After that, they used a special program. It emphasized the rules of poetry and (53) the machine followed them. Through AI, the computer is able to put out sonnets. They are (54) they have fooled humans. Ordinary readers can’t tell (55) a person or a machine wrote them. That doesn’t mean they are perfect, though.

(A) so good to
(B) good enough
(C) too good to
(D) so good that

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「結果句型」:

so + 形容詞/副詞 + that + 子句\text{so + 形容詞/副詞 + that + 子句}

意思是「如此……以致於……」。

句中:

  • so good:如此好
  • that they have fooled humans:以致於它們已經騙過人類

完整句意為:

They are so good that they have fooled humans.
它們寫得如此好,以致於已經騙過人類。

此處的 they 指前文由電腦寫出的 sonnets(十四行詩)。

解題方法

先觀察空格後方:

they have fooled humans

這是一個完整的主詞+動詞子句,因此前方需要能引導結果子句的連接詞 that。

文意上,電腦寫出的十四行詩品質很高,甚至能讓人類受騙,符合:

so + good + that + 結果\text{so + good + that + 結果}

定位答案的原文是:

Through AI, the computer is able to put out sonnets. They are so good that they have fooled humans.

翻譯:

透過人工智慧,電腦能夠創作十四行詩。這些詩寫得如此好,以致於已經騙過人類。

下一句也能支持此解:

Ordinary readers can’t tell whether a person or a machine wrote them.

一般讀者無法分辨這些詩是人還是機器寫的。

因此,空格應填 so good that。

選項分析

(A) so good to

so good to 後面不能直接接完整子句 they have fooled humans。若要表達「如此好以致於……」,必須使用 so good that + 子句;若接不定詞,常見結構是 so good as to + V,不能只寫 so good to。

錯誤。

(B) good enough

good enough 表示「足夠好」。標準句型通常是:

形容詞 + enough + to + V\text{形容詞 + enough + to + V}

例如:

They are good enough to fool humans.
它們好到足以欺騙人類。

題目空格後接的是完整子句 they have fooled humans,前方缺少適當的連接結構,因此 **good enough they have fooled

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第 55 題

【題組共用題幹】

William Shakespeare was a famous English writer. He mostly wrote plays and special poems. Those poems are called sonnets, (51) they have a unique pattern. Besides, they aren’t easy to write. That didn’t stop scientists, though. One team just trained a computer to write poetry (52) Shakespeare’s. They entered nearly 3,000 sonnets into their machine. Those included the 154 sonnets that Shakespeare created. After that, they used a special program. It emphasized the rules of poetry and (53) the machine followed them. Through AI, the computer is able to put out sonnets. They are (54) they have fooled humans. Ordinary readers can’t tell (55) a person or a machine wrote them. That doesn’t mean they are perfect, though.

(A) whether
(B) by whom
(C) what
(D) which

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:whether A or B 的選擇疑問句

本題考「whether A or B」引導的名詞子句,表示「是否是 A 還是 B」。句中動詞片語為:

Ordinary readers can’t tell whether a person or a machine wrote them.
一般讀者無法分辨究竟是人還是機器寫出這些詩。

其中 whether a person or a machine wrote them 是動詞 tell 的受詞,作為名詞子句,說明讀者「無法分辨什麼事情」。

句型為:

主詞+tell+whether A or B+動詞\text{主詞}+\text{tell}+\text{whether A or B}+\text{動詞}

因此空格應填 whether。


解題方法

先觀察空格後面的結構:

a person or a machine wrote them

這是一個完整的子句:

  • 主詞:a person or a machine
  • 動詞:wrote
  • 受詞:them

前面的 tell 意為「辨別、分辨」,後面需要接一個表示「是否……」的名詞子句。最自然的句型是:

can’t tell whether A or B ...

意思是「無法判斷究竟是 A 還是 B」。

代入後:

Ordinary readers can’t tell whether a person or a machine wrote them.

語意完整:

一般讀者無法分辨這些詩究竟是人還是機器寫的。

文章前文提到電腦模仿莎士比亞創作十四行詩,後文又說這些詩「已經足以騙過人類」,因此此處正是在比較「人寫的」與「機器寫的」兩種可能性。


選項分析

(A) whether

正確。whether A or B 表示「是否是 A 或 B/究竟是 A 還是 B」。

代入後:

Ordinary readers can’t tell whether a person or a machine wrote them.

文法與語意皆正確。


(B) by whom

錯誤。by whom 表示「由誰」,通常用於被動語態或正式疑問句,例如:

By whom were these poems written?
這些詩是由誰寫的?

本句的結構是主動語態:

a person or a machine wrote them

主詞已經是 a person or a machine,因此不需要再用 by whom。若代入會變成:

Ordinary readers can’t tell by whom a person or a machine wrote them.

此句結構混亂,因為 by whom 與後面的明確主詞 a person or a machine 重複,且不符合語意。


(C) what

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第 56 題

【題組共用題幹】

(56) curry certainly did not originate in the U.S., curry pastes and powders are now common household ingredients all across the country. Not only do curry pastes and powders offer rich, intricate flavor (57) there are plenty of options to choose from, as curry looks (and tastes) very (58) depending on where in the world it’s from. “Curries vary widely by region and are found in many Indian, Thai, Japanese, and Caribbean cuisines,” explains Anar Allidina, MPH, RD. And while the differences between these types of curry boil down to varying ingredients, there are some typical ingredients often (59) in many curry pastes and powders—and these ingredients tend to (60) nutrients that offer major nutrition benefits.

(A) Although
(B) Hence
(C) Despite
(D) Because

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 56 題考「副詞子句的連接詞與語意關係」。

句型為:

___ curry certainly did not originate in the U.S., curry pastes and powders are now common household ingredients all across the country.

空格後是完整子句:

  • curry:主詞
  • did not originate:動詞片語
  • in the U.S.:地點副詞片語

因此空格應填可引導完整子句的從屬連接詞。前後兩句形成「讓步關係」:

  • 雖然咖哩並非起源於美國,
  • 但是咖哩醬和咖哩粉如今已成為全美國常見的家庭食材。

正確答案為 Although。

解題方法

定位答案的關鍵句是:

Although curry certainly did not originate in the U.S., curry pastes and powders are now common household ingredients all across the country.

翻譯:

雖然咖哩確實不是起源於美國,但咖哩醬和咖哩粉如今已成為全國各地家庭常見的食材。

前半句「咖哩不是起源於美國」與後半句「咖哩醬和咖哩粉在美國很普遍」並非因果關係,而是「背景事實與相反結果」的對比,因此使用表示「雖然、儘管」的 Although。

基本句型:

Although + 完整子句, 主句

例如:

Although curry did not originate in the U.S., it is popular there.

其中 Although curry did not originate in the U.S. 是讓步副詞子句,curry pastes and powders are now common household ingredients... 是主要子句。

選項分析

(A) Although

Although 是從屬連接詞,意思是「雖然、儘管」,後面接完整子句:

Although + 主詞 + 動詞

本句中:

Although curry did not originate in the U.S.

文法結構完整,且能表達「雖然不是起源於美國,卻在美國普遍使用」的讓步語意,因此正確。

(B) Hence

Hence 是副詞,意思是「因此、所以、從而」,用來表示結果。

若填入:

Hence curry certainly did not originate in the U.S., curry pastes and powders are now common household ingredients...

會變成「因此咖哩不是起源於美國,所以咖哩醬和咖哩粉在美國很普遍」,前後明顯不具合理因果關係。咖哩的起源並不會導致其成為美國家庭常見食材,因此錯誤。

(C) Despite

Despite 是介系詞,意思是「儘管」,後面通常接:

  • 名詞
  • 名詞片語
  • 動名詞

句型為:

Despite + 名詞/名詞片語/V-ing

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第 57 題

【題組共用題幹】

(56) curry certainly did not originate in the U.S., curry pastes and powders are now common household ingredients all across the country. Not only do curry pastes and powders offer rich, intricate flavor (57) there are plenty of options to choose from, as curry looks (and tastes) very (58) depending on where in the world it’s from. “Curries vary widely by region and are found in many Indian, Thai, Japanese, and Caribbean cuisines,” explains Anar Allidina, MPH, RD. And while the differences between these types of curry boil down to varying ingredients, there are some typical ingredients often (59) in many curry pastes and powders—and these ingredients tend to (60) nutrients that offer major nutrition benefits.

(A) also
(B) but
(C) and
(D) and also

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:對等相關連接詞 not only … but also …

本題考的是對等相關連接詞的固定搭配:

not only A but also B
不僅有 A,而且還有 B

題幹句子為:

Not only do curry pastes and powders offer rich, intricate flavor, but there are plenty of options to choose from, as curry looks (and tastes) very different depending on where in the world it’s from.

翻譯:

咖哩醬和咖哩粉不僅能提供豐富、複雜的風味,而且還有許多種類可供選擇,因為咖哩依照世界各地的來源不同,在外觀和味道上都有很大的差異。

空格前已有 Not only,後面需要與之呼應的 but;完整形式原則上是 not only … but also …。本句中 also 可省略,因此填入 but 即可。


解題方法

先找句型骨架:

  • Not only do curry pastes and powders offer …
  • but there are plenty of options …

前後是兩個並列的完整子句:

  1. 咖哩醬和咖哩粉能提供豐富風味。
  2. 咖哩醬和咖哩粉有許多種類可供選擇。

「不僅……而且……」應使用:

not only A but also B\text{not only A but also B}

因此空格應填 but。

另外,當 Not only 放在句首時,主句必須倒裝:

  • 原本語序:Curry pastes and powders do offer rich flavor.
  • 倒裝語序:Not only do curry pastes and powders offer rich flavor …

此處的 do 是助動詞,並非「做」的意思,而是因為否定或限制語氣置於句首所產生的倒裝結構。


選項分析

(A) also

若填入後為:

Not only do curry pastes and powders offer rich flavor also there are plenty of options …

此句缺少正確的連接結構。not only … also … 並非本題所考的標準完整搭配,且兩個子句之間沒有適當的連接詞,因此不選。


(B) but

填入後為:

Not only do curry pastes and powders offer rich, intricate flavor but there are plenty of options to choose from.

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第 58 題

【題組共用題幹】

(56) curry certainly did not originate in the U.S., curry pastes and powders are now common household ingredients all across the country. Not only do curry pastes and powders offer rich, intricate flavor (57) there are plenty of options to choose from, as curry looks (and tastes) very (58) depending on where in the world it’s from. “Curries vary widely by region and are found in many Indian, Thai, Japanese, and Caribbean cuisines,” explains Anar Allidina, MPH, RD. And while the differences between these types of curry boil down to varying ingredients, there are some typical ingredients often (59) in many curry pastes and powders—and these ingredients tend to (60) nutrients that offer major nutrition benefits.

(A) different
(B) differently
(C) the same
(D) seemly

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. 連綴動詞後接形容詞
  2. 形容詞與副詞的詞性辨識
  3. 語意搭配與上下文判斷

空格位於:

curry looks (and tastes) very ___ depending on where in the world it’s from.

look 與 taste 在此皆為連綴動詞,表示「看起來」與「嚐起來」,後面應接形容詞,描述 curry 的外觀與味道。

解題方法

句中關鍵結構為:

looks very ___
tastes very ___

very 通常修飾形容詞或副詞;但由於 looks、tastes 是連綴動詞,空格需填入形容詞,作為主詞補語。

此外,後方的:

depending on where in the world it’s from

表示「取決於它來自世界上的哪個地方」,強調不同地區的 curry 在外觀與味道上有很大的差異。因此語意應為「非常不同」。

原文定位句:

curry looks (and tastes) very different depending on where in the world it’s from.

翻譯:

咖哩的外觀與味道,會因為來自世界上的不同地區而大不相同。

所以空格應填入形容詞 different。

選項分析

(A) different:不同的

different 是形容詞,可放在連綴動詞 looks 與 tastes 後面,表示「看起來與嚐起來都很不同」,符合文法與語意,為正確答案。

(B) differently:不同地

differently 是副詞,通常修飾一般動作動詞,例如:

People cook curry differently.
人們以不同的方式烹煮咖哩。

本句的 looks 與 tastes 是連綴動詞,後面要用形容詞描述 curry 的狀態,不能用副詞 differently,故錯誤。

(C) the same:相同的

the same 在文法上可作形容詞片語,例如:

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第 59 題

【題組共用題幹】

(56) curry certainly did not originate in the U.S., curry pastes and powders are now common household ingredients all across the country. Not only do curry pastes and powders offer rich, intricate flavor (57) there are plenty of options to choose from, as curry looks (and tastes) very (58) depending on where in the world it’s from. “Curries vary widely by region and are found in many Indian, Thai, Japanese, and Caribbean cuisines,” explains Anar Allidina, MPH, RD. And while the differences between these types of curry boil down to varying ingredients, there are some typical ingredients often (59) in many curry pastes and powders—and these ingredients tend to (60) nutrients that offer major nutrition benefits.

(A) include
(B) included
(C) including
(D) includes

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 59 題考「分詞修飾名詞」與「被動語態」:

  • include:包含;納入
  • included:include 的過去分詞,表示「被包含的」
  • including:現在分詞,表示「包含……」
  • includes:第三人稱單數現在式

題幹中的主詞是 ingredients,意思是「食材、成分」。這些成分是「被加入、被包含在咖哩醬與咖哩粉中」,因此要使用過去分詞 included,形成被動概念。

完整結構可還原為:

there are some typical ingredients that are often included in many curry pastes and powders.

簡化關係子句後:

there are some typical ingredients often included in many curry pastes and powders.


解題方法

定位答案的句子是:

And while the differences between these types of curry boil down to varying ingredients, there are some typical ingredients often (59) in many curry pastes and powders—and these ingredients tend to (60) nutrients that offer major nutrition benefits.

翻譯:

雖然這些咖哩類型之間的差異歸結於所使用的不同食材,但許多咖哩醬與咖哩粉中,常常可以發現一些典型成分;而且這些成分往往含有能帶來重大營養益處的營養素。

句型分析:

  1. there are some typical ingredients
    「有一些典型的成分」

  2. often included in many curry pastes and powders
    過去分詞片語修飾前面的 ingredients,意思是「經常被包含在許多咖哩醬與咖哩粉中的」。

  3. included 後面接介系詞片語 in many curry pastes and powders,語意完整,表示成分「被包含在」咖哩醬與咖哩粉中。

因此答案為 included。


選項分析

(A) include

include 是原形動詞,表示「包含」。

若填入後會變成:

there are some typical ingredients often include in many curry pastes and powders

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第 60 題

【題組共用題幹】

(56) curry certainly did not originate in the U.S., curry pastes and powders are now common household ingredients all across the country. Not only do curry pastes and powders offer rich, intricate flavor (57) there are plenty of options to choose from, as curry looks (and tastes) very (58) depending on where in the world it’s from. “Curries vary widely by region and are found in many Indian, Thai, Japanese, and Caribbean cuisines,” explains Anar Allidina, MPH, RD. And while the differences between these types of curry boil down to varying ingredients, there are some typical ingredients often (59) in many curry pastes and powders—and these ingredients tend to (60) nutrients that offer major nutrition benefits.

(A) filled with
(B) fill with
(C) be full of
(D) full of

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查兩個文法重點:

  1. tend to + 原形動詞:表示「往往……、傾向於……」。
  2. be full of + 名詞:表示「充滿……、含有豐富的……」。

題幹句型為:

these ingredients tend to ___ nutrients that offer major nutrition benefits.

主詞為 these ingredients,在 tend to 後面必須接完整的動詞片語。最合適的結構是:

tend to be full of nutrients

意為「往往含有豐富的營養素」。

解題方法

先抓出固定句型:

主詞+tend to+原形動詞\text{主詞}+\text{tend to}+\text{原形動詞}

空格後接名詞 nutrients,因此可尋找能表達「含有、充滿營養素」的動詞或形容詞片語。

完整句子為:

these ingredients tend to be full of nutrients that offer major nutrition benefits.

翻譯:

而且這些成分往往含有能帶來重大營養益處的豐富營養素。

其中:

  • ingredient:成分、食材
  • tend to:往往、傾向於
  • be full of:充滿、含有豐富的
  • nutrient:營養素
  • offer benefits:提供益處
  • nutrition benefits:營養上的益處
  • boil down to:歸結為、主要取決於
  • vary widely:差異很大
  • cuisine:料理、菜系

選項分析

(A) filled with

filled with 是過去分詞片語,表示「被……充滿」。若要放入本句,應寫成:

tend to be filled with nutrients

原句已有 tend to,後面不能直接接 filled,因為缺少助動詞或連綴動詞 be。因此:

tend to filled with nutrients

文法錯誤,不能選。

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第 61 題

【題組共用題幹】

When we look at the history of medicine and surgery, several figures (61) as exemplary. For much of recorded history, works from the ancient Greeks led the medical establishment. The teachings of Galen and Hippocrates would prevail for centuries until the age of the Renaissance, where physicians began making strides in our understanding of the human body. However, what discoveries were being made in the East? Interactions between India and China during the transmission of Buddhism in the first century of the Christian era may have led to the proliferation of physician stories. (62) of what we understand of Chinese medicine, particularly surgery, originates from one central figure, a man named Hua Tuo. Believed to (63) around 108 AD, his theories evolved independently of his Western contemporaries at the time. Records indicate Hua Tuo lived during the Eastern Han Dynasty, in what is now modern-day Haoxian, Anhui province. He became passionate about the art of medicine from the early age of seven following his father’s death. Studying under a physician named Cai, he would go on to revolutionize our understanding of the human body. While (64), his work defied the beliefs of traditional Chinese medicine. These traditional teachings revolved around energy within the human body, diagnosing problems in the body as imbalances. By combining these traditional beliefs with his own experience as a physician, Hua Tuo was able (65) extraordinary diagnoses. Sensationalized stories hail him as supernatural, curing a wide variety of ailments such as brain cancer, poisoning, inflammation, infection, and battle wounds.

(A) make up
(B) stand up
(C) stand out
(D) seek out

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 61 題考查「片語動詞的語意與搭配」。句型為:

several figures stand out as exemplary

其中:

  • figure:人物、重要人物
  • stand out:突出、顯得傑出、脫穎而出
  • exemplary:典範的、值得效法的

「stand out as+形容詞/名詞」表示「以……的身分或特質顯得突出」,符合文章介紹醫學史上傑出人物的語意。

解題方法

定位關鍵句:

When we look at the history of medicine and surgery, several figures (61) as exemplary.

翻譯為:

當我們回顧醫學與外科學的歷史時,有幾位人物以典範人物的身分脫穎而出。

主詞 several figures 指的是醫學史上的重要人物,後方的 as exemplary 說明這些人物呈現出的身分或特質。因此空格應填入表示「突出、傑出」的 stand out。

完整句為:

When we look at the history of medicine and surgery, several figures stand out as exemplary.

選項分析

(A) make up

意為「組成、構成;編造;彌補」。例如:

Women make up 50% of the workforce.

意為「女性占勞動力的百分之五十」。

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第 62 題

【題組共用題幹】

When we look at the history of medicine and surgery, several figures (61) as exemplary. For much of recorded history, works from the ancient Greeks led the medical establishment. The teachings of Galen and Hippocrates would prevail for centuries until the age of the Renaissance, where physicians began making strides in our understanding of the human body. However, what discoveries were being made in the East? Interactions between India and China during the transmission of Buddhism in the first century of the Christian era may have led to the proliferation of physician stories. (62) of what we understand of Chinese medicine, particularly surgery, originates from one central figure, a man named Hua Tuo. Believed to (63) around 108 AD, his theories evolved independently of his Western contemporaries at the time. Records indicate Hua Tuo lived during the Eastern Han Dynasty, in what is now modern-day Haoxian, Anhui province. He became passionate about the art of medicine from the early age of seven following his father’s death. Studying under a physician named Cai, he would go on to revolutionize our understanding of the human body. While (64), his work defied the beliefs of traditional Chinese medicine. These traditional teachings revolved around energy within the human body, diagnosing problems in the body as imbalances. By combining these traditional beliefs with his own experience as a physician, Hua Tuo was able (65) extraordinary diagnoses. Sensationalized stories hail him as supernatural, curing a wide variety of ailments such as brain cancer, poisoning, inflammation, infection, and battle wounds.

(A) Much
(B) Many
(C) Less
(D) A little

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 62 題考「數量詞與可數/不可數名詞的搭配」,並結合上下文語意判斷。

句型為:

Much of what we understand of Chinese medicine, particularly surgery, originates from one central figure, a man named Hua Tuo.

其中:

  • much of + 不可數名詞/名詞子句:許多……、大部分……
  • what we understand of Chinese medicine:我們對中國醫學的理解;what 引導名詞子句,整體視為不可數概念。
  • originates from:源自、起源於
  • particularly surgery:尤其是外科手術方面
  • one central figure:一位核心人物
  • a man named Hua Tuo:一名叫作華佗的人

解題方法

先觀察空格後方:

of what we understand of Chinese medicine

what we understand of Chinese medicine 是一個名詞子句,表示「我們對中國醫學的認識/理解」,屬於抽象且不可數的整體概念。

因此,空格需要填入能修飾不可數概念的數量詞:

Much of what we understand...

整句翻譯為:

我們對中國醫學,尤其是外科手術的許多理解,都源自一位核心人物,也就是名叫華佗的人。

文章接著詳細介紹華佗的生平、醫術與貢獻,語意上也支持「中國醫學的許多知識源自華佗」這個敘述。

選項分析

(A) Much

Much 可修飾不可數名詞,表示「許多、大量」。

what we understand of Chinese medicine 是不可數的抽象概念,因此:

Much of what we understand...

文法正確,語意也符合全文對華佗重要性的介紹,為正確答案。

此外,much 作為主詞核心時,視為單數,因此後方使用:

originates

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第 63 題

【題組共用題幹】

When we look at the history of medicine and surgery, several figures (61) as exemplary. For much of recorded history, works from the ancient Greeks led the medical establishment. The teachings of Galen and Hippocrates would prevail for centuries until the age of the Renaissance, where physicians began making strides in our understanding of the human body. However, what discoveries were being made in the East? Interactions between India and China during the transmission of Buddhism in the first century of the Christian era may have led to the proliferation of physician stories. (62) of what we understand of Chinese medicine, particularly surgery, originates from one central figure, a man named Hua Tuo. Believed to (63) around 108 AD, his theories evolved independently of his Western contemporaries at the time. Records indicate Hua Tuo lived during the Eastern Han Dynasty, in what is now modern-day Haoxian, Anhui province. He became passionate about the art of medicine from the early age of seven following his father’s death. Studying under a physician named Cai, he would go on to revolutionize our understanding of the human body. While (64), his work defied the beliefs of traditional Chinese medicine. These traditional teachings revolved around energy within the human body, diagnosing problems in the body as imbalances. By combining these traditional beliefs with his own experience as a physician, Hua Tuo was able (65) extraordinary diagnoses. Sensationalized stories hail him as supernatural, curing a wide variety of ailments such as brain cancer, poisoning, inflammation, infection, and battle wounds.

(A) have born
(B) born
(C) have been born
(D) been born

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 63 題考的是:

  1. 不定詞的完成式:to+have+p.p.to + have + p.p.
  2. 被動語態:be+p.p.be + p.p.
  3. 完成式被動不定詞:to+have+been+p.p.to + have + been + p.p.

題幹中的 Hua Tuo 是「被相信出生於西元 108 年左右」,「出生」是被動概念,因此要使用 be born。又因為「出生」發生在過去,早於文章敘述時點,使用完成式:

to have been born\text{to have been born}

完整結構為:

Believed to have been born around 108 AD, his theories evolved independently of his Western contemporaries at the time.


解題方法

定位答案的句子是:

Believed to (63) around 108 AD, his theories evolved independently of his Western contemporaries at the time.

翻譯:

一般相信他約出生於西元 108 年左右;當時,他的理論獨立於西方同時代人物而發展。

句首的 Believed to... 是分詞片語,修飾後面的主詞 his theories。不過依語意判斷,實際上被相信「出生」的是 Hua Tuo,而非 his theories。此句省略了相關背景主詞,可理解為:

Hua Tuo was believed to have been born around 108 AD.

「出生」必須使用被動語態:

be born\text{be born}

由於出生是過去已發生的事件,使用完成式被動不定詞:

to have been born\text{to have been born}

因此選擇 have been born。


選項分析

(A) have born

組合後為:

to have born

born 作為過去分詞時,必須搭配 be 才能表示「出生」:

be born
have been born

而 have born 是主動形式,通常表示「生育、承受、帶來」,主詞必須是生育者,例如:

She has born three children.

題目主詞是 Hua Tuo,語意是「他出生」,不是「他生下某人」,因此錯誤。


(B) born

組合後為:

to born

born 不能直接接在不定詞 to 後面。表示「出生」的正確形式是:

to be born

題目選項缺少 be,因此文法結構不完整,錯誤。


(C) have been born

組合後為:

to have been born

這是「完成式被動不定詞」:

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第 64 題

【題組共用題幹】

When we look at the history of medicine and surgery, several figures (61) as exemplary. For much of recorded history, works from the ancient Greeks led the medical establishment. The teachings of Galen and Hippocrates would prevail for centuries until the age of the Renaissance, where physicians began making strides in our understanding of the human body. However, what discoveries were being made in the East? Interactions between India and China during the transmission of Buddhism in the first century of the Christian era may have led to the proliferation of physician stories. (62) of what we understand of Chinese medicine, particularly surgery, originates from one central figure, a man named Hua Tuo. Believed to (63) around 108 AD, his theories evolved independently of his Western contemporaries at the time. Records indicate Hua Tuo lived during the Eastern Han Dynasty, in what is now modern-day Haoxian, Anhui province. He became passionate about the art of medicine from the early age of seven following his father’s death. Studying under a physician named Cai, he would go on to revolutionize our understanding of the human body. While (64), his work defied the beliefs of traditional Chinese medicine. These traditional teachings revolved around energy within the human body, diagnosing problems in the body as imbalances. By combining these traditional beliefs with his own experience as a physician, Hua Tuo was able (65) extraordinary diagnoses. Sensationalized stories hail him as supernatural, curing a wide variety of ailments such as brain cancer, poisoning, inflammation, infection, and battle wounds.

(A) poorly document
(B) poor documented
(C) poor document
(D) poorly documented

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

第 64 題考查:

  1. 分詞片語的省略用法
  2. 被動語態與過去分詞
  3. 副詞修飾過去分詞
  4. while 引導讓步副詞子句的語意

原句:

While (64), his work defied the beliefs of traditional Chinese medicine.

此處的 While 並非「當……的時候」,而是「雖然……」的意思。完整句可還原為:

While his work was poorly documented, his work defied the beliefs of traditional Chinese medicine.

為避免重複主詞,將 his work was 省略,形成:

While poorly documented, his work defied the beliefs of traditional Chinese medicine.

其中:

  • document:記錄、記載
  • documented:被記錄的、被記載的
  • poorly:不充分地、不完善地
  • defy:違背、蔑視、挑戰
  • beliefs:信念、觀念
  • traditional Chinese medicine:傳統中醫

解題方法

先觀察空格後方的主要句:

his work defied the beliefs of traditional Chinese medicine

主句主詞是 his work。While 後方若使用省略副詞子句,省略前後的主詞必須相同,因此空格內容所修飾的對象也是 his work。

語意上,應表達:

Hua Tuo 的著作雖然沒有被完善記錄,卻違背了傳統中醫的觀念。

「著作被記錄」是被動關係,因此需要過去分詞 documented;「不完善地」則由副詞 poorly 修飾 documented。

句型結構如下:

While+副詞+過去分詞,主句\text{While} + \text{副詞} + \text{過去分詞}, \text{主句}

因此:

While poorly documented, his work defied...\text{While poorly documented, his work defied...}

等同於:

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第 65 題

【題組共用題幹】

When we look at the history of medicine and surgery, several figures (61) as exemplary. For much of recorded history, works from the ancient Greeks led the medical establishment. The teachings of Galen and Hippocrates would prevail for centuries until the age of the Renaissance, where physicians began making strides in our understanding of the human body. However, what discoveries were being made in the East? Interactions between India and China during the transmission of Buddhism in the first century of the Christian era may have led to the proliferation of physician stories. (62) of what we understand of Chinese medicine, particularly surgery, originates from one central figure, a man named Hua Tuo. Believed to (63) around 108 AD, his theories evolved independently of his Western contemporaries at the time. Records indicate Hua Tuo lived during the Eastern Han Dynasty, in what is now modern-day Haoxian, Anhui province. He became passionate about the art of medicine from the early age of seven following his father’s death. Studying under a physician named Cai, he would go on to revolutionize our understanding of the human body. While (64), his work defied the beliefs of traditional Chinese medicine. These traditional teachings revolved around energy within the human body, diagnosing problems in the body as imbalances. By combining these traditional beliefs with his own experience as a physician, Hua Tuo was able (65) extraordinary diagnoses. Sensationalized stories hail him as supernatural, curing a wide variety of ailments such as brain cancer, poisoning, inflammation, infection, and battle wounds.

(A) making
(B) made
(C) to make
(D) make

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「固定句型:bebe able to + 原形動詞」,表示「能夠……」。

題幹句型為:

By combining these traditional beliefs with his own experience as a physician, Hua Tuo was able (65) extraordinary diagnoses.

其中:

  • 主詞:Hua TuoHua\ Tuo
  • 動詞:waswas
  • 形容詞:ableable
  • ableable 後接:to+原形動詞to + 原形動詞

因此空格必須填入:

was able to + 原形動詞\text{was able to + 原形動詞}

語意為「華佗能夠做出非凡的診斷」。

解題方法

先辨認空格前的關鍵結構:

was able ______ extraordinary diagnoses

ableable 是形容詞,常與 bebe 動詞構成固定片語 be able tobe\ able\ to,後面接「toto + 原形動詞」。

句子完整形式為:

Hua Tuo was able to make extraordinary diagnoses.

翻譯:

華佗藉由將這些傳統信念與自己身為醫師的經驗結合,得以做出非凡的診斷。

因此答案為 to make。

定位答案的關鍵句

By combining these traditional beliefs with his own experience as a physician, Hua Tuo was able to make extraordinary diagnoses.

翻譯:

華佗將這些傳統信念與自己身為醫師的經驗結合,因此能夠做出非凡的診斷。

其中 was able to makewas\ able\ to\ make 是完整且正確的文法結構。

選項分析

(A) making

錯誤。makingmaking 是動名詞或現在分詞,不能直接接在 ableable 後面。正確結構應為:

be able to+Vbe\ able\ to + V
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第 66 題

【題組共用題幹】

Article A

In May of 2020, while Covid was rapidly spreading around the world, GMP-certified drug makers Sun Ten Pharmaceutical Co. and Chuang Song Zong Pharmaceutical Co. acquired licenses to make NRICM101 and immediately began developing production processes. They converted the original decoction used in the clinical trials into an easy-to-consume soluble powder, and quickly acquired licenses to manufacture it for export.

According to Winnie Hsueh, a manager in the international trade department at Sun Ten, traditional Chinese medicines are seen as health foods or supplements overseas and regulated accordingly. In October of 2020, the company acquired the registrations and permissions it needed to sell its NRICM101 formulation, branded as “Respire Aid,” in Luxembourg, the UK, Singapore, the US and Canada. It then worked with local doctors of Western and Chinese medicine and acupuncturists in these countries to introduce the preparation to patients with confirmed diagnoses. By the time of 2021’s Delta and Omicron outbreaks, Taiwanese communities abroad were buzzing about the formulation, and you could even buy it on Amazon. NRICM was able to get the formulation approved for sale in Europe and the US because Su excluded ingredients in the original TCM prescription that are banned overseas, such as ephedra, Manchurian wildginger, and gypsum.

Sun Ten recognized that people outside of Taiwan often have trouble taking Chinese medicines because they find them to be bitter, and the powdered forms earthy and hard to swallow. To get around these issues, foreign users often mix them with water. Hsueh says that Sun Ten improved its version’s flavor and mouthfeel by adding extra mint, and then packaged it in convenient instant packets. “The goal was to make a ‘good medicine that tastes good.’” But NRICM101 remains a Chinese medicine, and still has that Chinese medicine taste even when you mix it with water to make a drink. On the other hand, what matters to sick patients isn’t flavor, but effectiveness. As of the end of January 2022, Sun Ten had sold 100,000 boxes of the formulation to 55 countries.

In addition, even after recovering from Covid many people in the US and Europe have continued to have difficulty breathing or struggled with exhaustion so severe that they’ve had to take sick leave or even quit their jobs. Sun Ten has therefore introduced “RestorAid,” a product aimed at the needs of these convalescent patients.

In Taiwan, NRICM101 requires an examination and prescription from a doctor of TCM and the cost is borne by the National Health Insurance system. Overseas, the cost is about US60perbox,withaten−daycourserequiringroughlytwoboxes.ButevensoitisveryinexpensivewhencomparedtoWesternCoviddrugsthatcancostUS60 per box, with a ten-day course requiring roughly two boxes. But even so it is very inexpensive when compared to Western Covid drugs that can cost US100–140 per day.

What was one of the main reasons NRICM101 was approved for sale in Europe and the US?

(A) It was developed exclusively for Western markets from the beginning.
(B) It was marketed as a prescription drug rather than a supplement.
(C) Certain ingredients that are banned overseas were removed from the original formulation.
(D) It was rigorously tested in Western clinical trials before being released.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  1. 閱讀理解:找出文章明確陳述的因果關係
  2. 關鍵字定位與同義改寫
  3. 被動語態與因果句型的理解

題目問:

What was one of the main reasons NRICM101 was approved for sale in Europe and the US?

意思是:「NRICM101 能獲准在歐洲與美國販售的主要原因之一是什麼?」

解題重點在於回到文章中尋找「獲准販售」的直接原因,而非根據常識推論藥品是否經過試驗、如何行銷。


解題方法

題幹中的關鍵字是:

  • approved for sale:獲准販售
  • Europe and the US:歐洲與美國
  • main reasons:主要原因

文章第一段後半明確指出:

NRICM was able to get the formulation approved for sale in Europe and the US because Su excluded ingredients in the original TCM prescription that are banned overseas, such as ephedra, Manchurian wildginger, and gypsum.

翻譯:

NRICM 之所以能讓這項配方獲准在歐洲與美國販售,是因為蘇醫師刪除了原始中醫處方中若干在海外遭禁用的成分,例如麻黃、細辛與石膏。

句中的因果關係為:

刪除海外禁用成分⇒獲准在歐洲與美國販售\text{刪除海外禁用成分} \Rightarrow \text{獲准在歐洲與美國販售}

選項 C 將原文的 excluded ingredients that are banned overseas 改寫為 Certain ingredients that are banned overseas were removed,意思完全相同,因此選 C。


題幹與文章的語意重點

1. 被動語態

題目中的:

was approved for sale

是被動語態,表示「被核准販售」。

  • approve A for sale:核准 A 販售
  • A was approved for sale:A 獲准販售

文章中的:

get the formulation approved for sale

表示「使該配方獲准販售」。

2. 因果連接詞 because

原文使用:

because Su excluded ingredients...

because 表示「因為」,後面接原因。這是定位答案的最重要訊號。

3. 同義改寫

原文:

  • excluded ingredients:排除、刪除成分
  • ingredients that are banned overseas:海外禁止使用的成分

選項 C:

  • were removed:被移除
  • certain ingredients that are banned overseas:某些海外禁用的成分

這是典型的閱讀測驗同義替換:

excluded≈removed\text{excluded} \approx \text{removed}

關鍵單字與片語

  • GMP-certified:通過優良製造規範認證的
  • drug maker:製藥商
  • acquire a license:取得許可證
  • production process:生產流程
  • decoction:煎劑、湯劑
  • soluble powder:可溶性粉末
  • for export:供出口使用
  • be regulated accordingly:因此受到相應的管制
  • registration and permission:註冊與許可
  • formulation:配方、製劑
  • confirmed diagnosis:確診
  • prescription:處方
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第 67 題

【題組共用題幹】

Article A

In May of 2020, while Covid was rapidly spreading around the world, GMP-certified drug makers Sun Ten Pharmaceutical Co. and Chuang Song Zong Pharmaceutical Co. acquired licenses to make NRICM101 and immediately began developing production processes. They converted the original decoction used in the clinical trials into an easy-to-consume soluble powder, and quickly acquired licenses to manufacture it for export.

According to Winnie Hsueh, a manager in the international trade department at Sun Ten, traditional Chinese medicines are seen as health foods or supplements overseas and regulated accordingly. In October of 2020, the company acquired the registrations and permissions it needed to sell its NRICM101 formulation, branded as “Respire Aid,” in Luxembourg, the UK, Singapore, the US and Canada. It then worked with local doctors of Western and Chinese medicine and acupuncturists in these countries to introduce the preparation to patients with confirmed diagnoses. By the time of 2021’s Delta and Omicron outbreaks, Taiwanese communities abroad were buzzing about the formulation, and you could even buy it on Amazon. NRICM was able to get the formulation approved for sale in Europe and the US because Su excluded ingredients in the original TCM prescription that are banned overseas, such as ephedra, Manchurian wildginger, and gypsum.

Sun Ten recognized that people outside of Taiwan often have trouble taking Chinese medicines because they find them to be bitter, and the powdered forms earthy and hard to swallow. To get around these issues, foreign users often mix them with water. Hsueh says that Sun Ten improved its version’s flavor and mouthfeel by adding extra mint, and then packaged it in convenient instant packets. “The goal was to make a ‘good medicine that tastes good.’” But NRICM101 remains a Chinese medicine, and still has that Chinese medicine taste even when you mix it with water to make a drink. On the other hand, what matters to sick patients isn’t flavor, but effectiveness. As of the end of January 2022, Sun Ten had sold 100,000 boxes of the formulation to 55 countries.

In addition, even after recovering from Covid many people in the US and Europe have continued to have difficulty breathing or struggled with exhaustion so severe that they’ve had to take sick leave or even quit their jobs. Sun Ten has therefore introduced “RestorAid,” a product aimed at the needs of these convalescent patients.

In Taiwan, NRICM101 requires an examination and prescription from a doctor of TCM and the cost is borne by the National Health Insurance system. Overseas, the cost is about US60perbox,withaten−daycourserequiringroughlytwoboxes.ButevensoitisveryinexpensivewhencomparedtoWesternCoviddrugsthatcancostUS60 per box, with a ten-day course requiring roughly two boxes. But even so it is very inexpensive when compared to Western Covid drugs that can cost US100–140 per day.

Based on the article, which of the following statements best describes the reception of NRICM101 among overseas communities?

(A) It was largely ignored due to skepticism towards Chinese medicine.
(B) It became widely prescribed by Western doctors as a primary Covid treatment.
(C) It was rejected by Western regulatory agencies due to safety concerns.
(D) It gained popularity, especially among Taiwanese communities abroad.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查英文閱讀理解中的「主旨與細節判讀」。題目詢問 NRICM101 在海外社群中的接受情形,解題重點是:

  • 找出文章直接描述海外使用者反應的句子。
  • 判斷選項是否符合原文語氣與事實。
  • 留意選項中的程度副詞與身分範圍,例如 largely ignored、widely prescribed、rejected、especially among Taiwanese communities abroad,這些字詞會直接影響選項正誤。

關鍵單字與片語

  • reception:接受情形、反響
  • overseas communities:海外社群
  • rapidly spreading:迅速蔓延
  • acquire licenses:取得許可證
  • production processes:生產流程
  • soluble powder:可溶性粉末
  • regulated accordingly:依相應規定管理
  • confirmed diagnoses:確診
  • buzzing about:熱烈談論、廣泛討論
  • approved for sale:獲准販售
  • banned overseas:在海外遭禁用
  • effectiveness:療效、有效性
  • convalescent patients:康復中的病患
  • skepticism:懷疑、質疑
  • primary treatment:主要治療
  • regulatory agencies:監管機構
  • gain popularity:逐漸受到歡迎

文法與語意重點

題目問:

“Which of the following statements best describes the reception of NRICM101 among overseas communities?”

其中:

  • best describes 表示「最能描述」。
  • reception 在此不是「接待」,而是「大眾對某產品或事物的接受度與反應」。
  • among overseas communities 指「在海外社群之中」,特別要對照文章提到的海外臺灣社群。

文章整體呈現正面接受情形,包括:

  1. NRICM101 取得多國販售許可。
  2. 海外醫師與中醫師協助將產品介紹給病患。
  3. 臺灣海外社群熱烈討論此配方。
  4. 產品銷售至 55 個國家,累計售出 100,000 盒。

因此,正確選項必須表達「受到歡迎、尤其在海外臺灣社群中流行」的意思。

解題方法

先定位文章中最直接回答「海外社群反應」的句子:

“By the time of 2021’s Delta and Omicron outbreaks, Taiwanese communities abroad were buzzing about the formulation, and you could even buy it on Amazon.”

翻譯:

到了 2021 年 Delta 與 Omicron 疫情爆發時,海外臺灣社群已經熱烈討論這項配方,甚至可以在 Amazon 上買到它。

句中的 were buzzing about the formulation 明確表示海外臺灣社群對 NRICM101 有高度討論與興趣,並非忽視或排斥。後文又補充:

“As of the end of January 2022, Sun Ten had sold 100,000 boxes of the formulation to 55 countries.”

翻譯:

截至 2022 年 1 月底,Sun Ten 已將這項配方銷售至 55 個國家,共售出 100,000 盒。

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第 68 題

【題組共用題幹】

Article A

In May of 2020, while Covid was rapidly spreading around the world, GMP-certified drug makers Sun Ten Pharmaceutical Co. and Chuang Song Zong Pharmaceutical Co. acquired licenses to make NRICM101 and immediately began developing production processes. They converted the original decoction used in the clinical trials into an easy-to-consume soluble powder, and quickly acquired licenses to manufacture it for export.

According to Winnie Hsueh, a manager in the international trade department at Sun Ten, traditional Chinese medicines are seen as health foods or supplements overseas and regulated accordingly. In October of 2020, the company acquired the registrations and permissions it needed to sell its NRICM101 formulation, branded as “Respire Aid,” in Luxembourg, the UK, Singapore, the US and Canada. It then worked with local doctors of Western and Chinese medicine and acupuncturists in these countries to introduce the preparation to patients with confirmed diagnoses. By the time of 2021’s Delta and Omicron outbreaks, Taiwanese communities abroad were buzzing about the formulation, and you could even buy it on Amazon. NRICM was able to get the formulation approved for sale in Europe and the US because Su excluded ingredients in the original TCM prescription that are banned overseas, such as ephedra, Manchurian wildginger, and gypsum.

Sun Ten recognized that people outside of Taiwan often have trouble taking Chinese medicines because they find them to be bitter, and the powdered forms earthy and hard to swallow. To get around these issues, foreign users often mix them with water. Hsueh says that Sun Ten improved its version’s flavor and mouthfeel by adding extra mint, and then packaged it in convenient instant packets. “The goal was to make a ‘good medicine that tastes good.’” But NRICM101 remains a Chinese medicine, and still has that Chinese medicine taste even when you mix it with water to make a drink. On the other hand, what matters to sick patients isn’t flavor, but effectiveness. As of the end of January 2022, Sun Ten had sold 100,000 boxes of the formulation to 55 countries.

In addition, even after recovering from Covid many people in the US and Europe have continued to have difficulty breathing or struggled with exhaustion so severe that they’ve had to take sick leave or even quit their jobs. Sun Ten has therefore introduced “RestorAid,” a product aimed at the needs of these convalescent patients.

In Taiwan, NRICM101 requires an examination and prescription from a doctor of TCM and the cost is borne by the National Health Insurance system. Overseas, the cost is about US60perbox,withaten−daycourserequiringroughlytwoboxes.ButevensoitisveryinexpensivewhencomparedtoWesternCoviddrugsthatcancostUS60 per box, with a ten-day course requiring roughly two boxes. But even so it is very inexpensive when compared to Western Covid drugs that can cost US100–140 per day.

What can be inferred about the price comparison between NRICM101 and Western Covid drugs?

(A) NRICM101 is significantly more expensive than Western Covid drugs.
(B) NRICM101 is relatively affordable compared to Western Covid drugs.
(C) NRICM101 and Western Covid drugs have similar pricing structures.
(D) The article does not provide enough information to compare the prices.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查閱讀理解中的「價格比較與合理推論」,必須擷取文章中的數字,統一比較基準後判斷產品價格的相對高低。

文中資訊如下:

  • NRICM101:每盒約 60 美元
  • 一個療程約需兩盒,因此總價約為:
60×2=120 美元60 \times 2 = 120\text{ 美元}
  • Western Covid drugs:每天約 100–140 美元
  • 若以同樣十天計算,費用約為:
100×10=1000 美元100 \times 10 = 1000\text{ 美元}

至

140×10=1400 美元140 \times 10 = 1400\text{ 美元}

因此,NRICM101 十天療程約 120 美元,西方新冠藥物十天則約 1,000–1,400 美元,前者明顯較為負擔得起。

關鍵單字與片語

  • price comparison:價格比較
  • affordable:負擔得起的、價格合理的
  • relatively:相對地
  • compared to:與……相比
  • cost:費用、花費
  • per day:每天
  • per box:每盒
  • a ten-day course:十天的療程
  • roughly:大約
  • significantly:顯著地
  • pricing structure:定價結構
  • provide enough information:提供足夠資訊
  • infer:推論、推知

語意與文法重點

題目問:

What can be inferred about the price comparison between NRICM101 and Western Covid drugs?

意思是:「關於 NRICM101 與西方新冠藥物的價格比較,可以推論出什麼?」

其中:

  • What can be inferred 是閱讀測驗常見問法,要求根據文章內容合理推論。
  • between A and B 表示「A 與 B 之間」。
  • compared to 表示「與……相比」。
  • relatively affordable 並非表示價格一定很低,而是表示相較於另一項產品,價格較容易負擔。

解題方法

先找出文章中直接提供價格的句子:

Overseas, the cost is about US60perbox,withaten−daycourserequiringroughlytwoboxes.ButevensoitisveryinexpensivewhencomparedtoWesternCoviddrugsthatcancostUS60 per box, with a ten-day course requiring roughly two boxes. But even so it is very inexpensive when compared to Western Covid drugs that can cost US100–140 per day.

翻譯:

「在海外,每盒的費用約為 60 美元;十天的療程大約需要兩盒。然而,即使如此,與西方新冠藥物相比,它仍然非常便宜,因為西方新冠藥物每天可能花費 100 至 140 美元。」

依照相同的十天療程計算:

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第 69 題

【題組共用題幹】

Article A

In May of 2020, while Covid was rapidly spreading around the world, GMP-certified drug makers Sun Ten Pharmaceutical Co. and Chuang Song Zong Pharmaceutical Co. acquired licenses to make NRICM101 and immediately began developing production processes. They converted the original decoction used in the clinical trials into an easy-to-consume soluble powder, and quickly acquired licenses to manufacture it for export.

According to Winnie Hsueh, a manager in the international trade department at Sun Ten, traditional Chinese medicines are seen as health foods or supplements overseas and regulated accordingly. In October of 2020, the company acquired the registrations and permissions it needed to sell its NRICM101 formulation, branded as “Respire Aid,” in Luxembourg, the UK, Singapore, the US and Canada. It then worked with local doctors of Western and Chinese medicine and acupuncturists in these countries to introduce the preparation to patients with confirmed diagnoses. By the time of 2021’s Delta and Omicron outbreaks, Taiwanese communities abroad were buzzing about the formulation, and you could even buy it on Amazon. NRICM was able to get the formulation approved for sale in Europe and the US because Su excluded ingredients in the original TCM prescription that are banned overseas, such as ephedra, Manchurian wildginger, and gypsum.

Sun Ten recognized that people outside of Taiwan often have trouble taking Chinese medicines because they find them to be bitter, and the powdered forms earthy and hard to swallow. To get around these issues, foreign users often mix them with water. Hsueh says that Sun Ten improved its version’s flavor and mouthfeel by adding extra mint, and then packaged it in convenient instant packets. “The goal was to make a ‘good medicine that tastes good.’” But NRICM101 remains a Chinese medicine, and still has that Chinese medicine taste even when you mix it with water to make a drink. On the other hand, what matters to sick patients isn’t flavor, but effectiveness. As of the end of January 2022, Sun Ten had sold 100,000 boxes of the formulation to 55 countries.

In addition, even after recovering from Covid many people in the US and Europe have continued to have difficulty breathing or struggled with exhaustion so severe that they’ve had to take sick leave or even quit their jobs. Sun Ten has therefore introduced “RestorAid,” a product aimed at the needs of these convalescent patients.

In Taiwan, NRICM101 requires an examination and prescription from a doctor of TCM and the cost is borne by the National Health Insurance system. Overseas, the cost is about US60perbox,withaten−daycourserequiringroughlytwoboxes.ButevensoitisveryinexpensivewhencomparedtoWesternCoviddrugsthatcancostUS60 per box, with a ten-day course requiring roughly two boxes. But even so it is very inexpensive when compared to Western Covid drugs that can cost US100–140 per day.

Why did Sun Ten introduce “RestorAid” after launching NRICM101?

(A) To help people who still felt sick after recovering from Covid.
(B) To make a product that tastes better for Western customers.
(C) To follow new international rules for supplements.
(D) To replace NRICM101 with a stronger Covid medicine.

登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查:

  • 閱讀理解中的「原因與目的」判斷
  • 根據上下文找出產品推出的直接原因
  • 關鍵片語與代名詞指涉

題目問的是:Sun Ten 在推出 NRICM101 之後,為什麼又推出「RestorAid」?

文章已明確指出,RestorAid 是針對感染 Covid 後仍有症狀、尚未完全恢復的人所設計的產品。因此答案應從第四段尋找。

關鍵單字與片語

  • in addition:此外
  • recover from Covid:從 Covid 中康復
  • continue to have difficulty breathing:持續有呼吸困難
  • struggle with exhaustion:苦於極度疲倦
  • so severe that...:嚴重到……
  • take sick leave:請病假
  • quit their jobs:辭職
  • convalescent patients:康復中的病人、病後恢復期患者
  • aimed at the needs of...:針對……的需求
  • introduce a product:推出產品
  • effectiveness:療效、有效性
  • formulation:配方、製劑
  • banned overseas:在海外被禁止
  • mouthfeel:口感
  • instant packets:即溶隨身包

解題方法

先辨認題目中的關鍵動詞:

Why did Sun Ten introduce “RestorAid” after launching NRICM101?

其中 Why did... introduce...? 是詢問「推出某產品的原因」。

接著定位文章中直接解釋 RestorAid 用途的句子:

Sun Ten has therefore introduced “RestorAid,” a product aimed at the needs of these convalescent patients.

翻譯:

因此,Sun Ten 推出了「RestorAid」,這是一項針對這些康復期患者需求的產品。

句中的 therefore 表示「因此」,前文就是推出 RestorAid 的原因:

In addition, even after recovering from Covid many people in the US and Europe have continued to have difficulty breathing or struggled with exhaustion so severe that they’ve had to take sick leave or even quit their jobs.

翻譯:

此外,即使從 Covid 康復後,美國與歐洲仍有許多人持續感到呼吸困難,或苦於嚴重到必須請病假、甚至辭職的疲倦。

因此,RestorAid 是為了協助 Covid 康復後仍持續不適的人,對應選項 (A)。

文法與語意重點

  1. even after recovering from Covid

介系詞 after 後接動名詞 recovering,表示「在……之後」。

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第 70 題

【題組共用題幹】

Article A

In May of 2020, while Covid was rapidly spreading around the world, GMP-certified drug makers Sun Ten Pharmaceutical Co. and Chuang Song Zong Pharmaceutical Co. acquired licenses to make NRICM101 and immediately began developing production processes. They converted the original decoction used in the clinical trials into an easy-to-consume soluble powder, and quickly acquired licenses to manufacture it for export.

According to Winnie Hsueh, a manager in the international trade department at Sun Ten, traditional Chinese medicines are seen as health foods or supplements overseas and regulated accordingly. In October of 2020, the company acquired the registrations and permissions it needed to sell its NRICM101 formulation, branded as “Respire Aid,” in Luxembourg, the UK, Singapore, the US and Canada. It then worked with local doctors of Western and Chinese medicine and acupuncturists in these countries to introduce the preparation to patients with confirmed diagnoses. By the time of 2021’s Delta and Omicron outbreaks, Taiwanese communities abroad were buzzing about the formulation, and you could even buy it on Amazon. NRICM was able to get the formulation approved for sale in Europe and the US because Su excluded ingredients in the original TCM prescription that are banned overseas, such as ephedra, Manchurian wildginger, and gypsum.

Sun Ten recognized that people outside of Taiwan often have trouble taking Chinese medicines because they find them to be bitter, and the powdered forms earthy and hard to swallow. To get around these issues, foreign users often mix them with water. Hsueh says that Sun Ten improved its version’s flavor and mouthfeel by adding extra mint, and then packaged it in convenient instant packets. “The goal was to make a ‘good medicine that tastes good.’” But NRICM101 remains a Chinese medicine, and still has that Chinese medicine taste even when you mix it with water to make a drink. On the other hand, what matters to sick patients isn’t flavor, but effectiveness. As of the end of January 2022, Sun Ten had sold 100,000 boxes of the formulation to 55 countries.

In addition, even after recovering from Covid many people in the US and Europe have continued to have difficulty breathing or struggled with exhaustion so severe that they’ve had to take sick leave or even quit their jobs. Sun Ten has therefore introduced “RestorAid,” a product aimed at the needs of these convalescent patients.

In Taiwan, NRICM101 requires an examination and prescription from a doctor of TCM and the cost is borne by the National Health Insurance system. Overseas, the cost is about US60perbox,withaten−daycourserequiringroughlytwoboxes.ButevensoitisveryinexpensivewhencomparedtoWesternCoviddrugsthatcancostUS60 per box, with a ten-day course requiring roughly two boxes. But even so it is very inexpensive when compared to Western Covid drugs that can cost US100–140 per day.

How did Sun Ten make NRICM101 easier for foreign customers to use?

(A) By making it less strong to follow Western rules.
(B) By removing all the bitter ingredients.
(C) By adding mint and putting it in easy-to-use packets.
(D) By turning it into capsules like Western medicine.

登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查英文閱讀理解中的「細節定位」與「同義改寫」。題目詢問 Sun Ten 如何讓 NRICM101 更方便外國顧客使用,答案必須回到文章中尋找直接對應的做法。

文章提到兩項改良:

  1. 加入更多薄荷,改善味道與口感。
  2. 包裝成方便使用的即溶小包。

因此,正確選項應同時包含「添加薄荷」與「便利包裝」兩個重點。

關鍵單字與片語

  • acquire licenses:取得許可證
  • production processes:生產流程
  • soluble powder:可溶性粉末
  • overseas:海外
  • regulated accordingly:依此受到規範
  • formulation:配方;製劑
  • bitter:苦的
  • earthy:帶土味的
  • hard to swallow:難以下嚥
  • get around an issue:設法克服問題
  • flavor:味道
  • mouthfeel:口感
  • instant packets:即溶小包
  • effectiveness:效果;療效
  • convalescent patients:康復中的病患
  • prescription:處方;醫師開立的藥方
  • roughly:大約
  • compared to:與……相比

解題方法

先抓題幹關鍵字:

  • easier:更容易使用
  • foreign customers:外國顧客
  • how:採取什麼方法

再回文章尋找描述「改善外國人使用困難」的段落。文章指出,外國使用者覺得中藥苦、粉末帶土味且難以下嚥,因此 Sun Ten 採取兩項措施:

“Hsueh says that Sun Ten improved its version’s flavor and mouthfeel by adding extra mint, and then packaged it in convenient instant packets.”

翻譯:

薛女士表示,Sun Ten 透過加入額外的薄荷來改善該產品的味道與口感,接著將它包裝成方便使用的即溶小包。

選項 (C) 的 “adding mint” 對應 “adding extra mint”;“putting it in easy-to-use packets” 對應 “packaged it in convenient instant packets”,兩部分皆與原文一致。

文法與語意重點

原句使用:

improved ... by adding extra mint, and then packaged it ...

其中:

  • by + V-ing 表示「藉由做某事」。
  • adding extra mint 表示「加入額外的薄荷」。
  • and then 表示先後順序:「然後」。
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第 71 題

【題組共用題幹】

Article B

Taking care of a pet turtle isn’t as easy as you might think. Turtles require special care and frequent cleaning, and they don’t play well with kids—turtles can bite and do not like to be handled, but they still make really fun pets to watch. Before you adopt a turtle, think about what resources and space you have available, what kind of turtle food you might want, as well as the fit for your home and family.

What Kinds of Turtles Make Good Pets?

The most common turtles owned as pets are the Box, Red-eared slider, Painted, Reeve’s, Wood, and Caspian pond turtles. These are considered aquatic and semi-aquatic turtles. You can tell by looking at their shells; box turtles have a shell that looks more like a tortoise versus the flat streamlined shell of fully aquatic turtles for aqua-dynamics. Each of these turtles usually has a lifespan of more than 25 years, some of which even reach into the 80 year range, like the Box turtle. Temperaments vary among turtle breeds. Adult shell size can be anywhere from 6 to 12 inches in diameter. When you buy turtles from a pet store they are usually juvenile and still have lots of growing to do. Families with kids should also know that turtles carry salmonella, which can cause sickness in young children, immune-compromised individuals, and the elderly. It is advised that families with children under age 5 not own a turtle. Always wash your hands after handling a turtle or any part of their habitat to avoid getting sick.

A Turtle or a Tortoise?

Turtles enjoy water habitats or ponds to dip in, depending on the type, whereas tortoises prefer dry, arid environments. They require different habitats, and some prefer outdoor enclosures to indoor enclosures. The red-eared slider enjoys a habitat like an aquarium with room for swimming and spots above water to rest and relax. The box turtle likes a land environment with only a small wading pool for cooling off. With one kind on land and one in water, not all turtles are the perfect fit for every household. If you are considering keeping your turtle outdoors, you need to know your outdoor temperatures. Arizona might be an ideal location for a Russian tortoise that loves hot, dry temperatures, but a painted turtle would need a large pond that might dry up in such an environment. Similarly, an outdoor enclosure in Maine would probably kill a Russian tortoise from too much cold and humidity. Keeping turtles or tortoises indoors is easier to regulate, but might eventually require a giant 75-gallon tank, depending on your turtle. Smaller juvenile turtles can be kept in smaller tanks, like a 40-gallon tank, until they outgrow the space. That said, bigger tanks are easier to clean and turtles like to have more space to move, so it’s not a bad idea to start with a big tank.

Fun Facts About Turtles

Even though turtles can be a bit of a handful as pets, they are amazing creatures. Here are a few cool facts about turtles:

  • Most turtles hibernate for 10–20 weeks during the year, some even up to 9 months of the year.
  • Turtles have been around for over 200 million years.
  • The oldest known tortoise was an Indian Ocean Giant Tortoise that lived 152 years in captivity (after it was likely already 50 years old).
  • Turtles are found on 6 out of 7 continents—all except Antarctica.
  • A turtle shell is made of 60 different bones.

Why are turtles not recommended for families with young children?

(A) They are difficult to clean and maintain.
(B) They carry salmonella, which can make young children sick.
(C) They require too much space to be kept indoors.
(D) They are aggressive and often attack humans.

登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查英文閱讀理解中的「細節定位」與「因果關係判斷」。題目詢問:為什麼不建議有年幼孩童的家庭飼養烏龜?

解題關鍵是回到文章中尋找與「families with young children」直接相關的資訊。文章明確指出,烏龜可能攜帶沙門氏菌,而沙門氏菌會使幼童生病,因此不建議五歲以下兒童的家庭飼養烏龜。

關鍵單字與片語

  • recommend:推薦;建議
  • family with young children:有年幼孩童的家庭
  • carry:攜帶
  • salmonella:沙門氏菌
  • cause sickness:造成疾病;使人生病
  • young children:年幼兒童
  • immune-compromised individuals:免疫功能受損者
  • the elderly:老年人
  • be advised not to V:被建議不要做某事
  • own a turtle:飼養/擁有烏龜
  • handle:觸摸;拿取
  • habitat:棲息環境
  • avoid getting sick:避免生病

解題方法

先鎖定題幹中的關鍵概念:

  • not recommended:不被建議
  • families with young children:有年幼孩童的家庭
  • why:詢問原因

文章第二段有直接對應的句子:

Families with kids should also know that turtles carry salmonella, which can cause sickness in young children, immune-compromised individuals, and the elderly.

翻譯:
有孩子的家庭也應該知道,烏龜會攜帶沙門氏菌,而沙門氏菌可能使年幼兒童、免疫功能受損者及老年人生病。

接著文章又補充:

It is advised that families with children under age 5 not own a turtle.

翻譯:
建議家中有五歲以下兒童的家庭不要飼養烏龜。

因此,題目所問的原因就是「烏龜攜帶沙門氏菌,可能使年幼兒童生病」,答案為 (B)。

選項分析

(A) They are difficult to clean and maintain.
牠們很難清潔和照顧。

文章確實提到:

Turtles require special care and frequent cleaning.

翻譯:
烏龜需要特殊照顧及經常清潔。

這是飼養烏龜的困難之一,但文章沒有把它列為不建議幼童家庭飼養的主要原因。與年幼兒童健康風險直接相關的是沙門氏菌,因此本選項不是最佳答案。

(B) They carry salmonella, which can make young children sick.
牠們攜帶沙門氏菌,而沙門氏菌可能使年幼兒童生病。

此選項完整對應文章原文:

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第 72 題

【題組共用題幹】

Article B

Taking care of a pet turtle isn’t as easy as you might think. Turtles require special care and frequent cleaning, and they don’t play well with kids—turtles can bite and do not like to be handled, but they still make really fun pets to watch. Before you adopt a turtle, think about what resources and space you have available, what kind of turtle food you might want, as well as the fit for your home and family.

What Kinds of Turtles Make Good Pets?

The most common turtles owned as pets are the Box, Red-eared slider, Painted, Reeve’s, Wood, and Caspian pond turtles. These are considered aquatic and semi-aquatic turtles. You can tell by looking at their shells; box turtles have a shell that looks more like a tortoise versus the flat streamlined shell of fully aquatic turtles for aqua-dynamics. Each of these turtles usually has a lifespan of more than 25 years, some of which even reach into the 80 year range, like the Box turtle. Temperaments vary among turtle breeds. Adult shell size can be anywhere from 6 to 12 inches in diameter. When you buy turtles from a pet store they are usually juvenile and still have lots of growing to do. Families with kids should also know that turtles carry salmonella, which can cause sickness in young children, immune-compromised individuals, and the elderly. It is advised that families with children under age 5 not own a turtle. Always wash your hands after handling a turtle or any part of their habitat to avoid getting sick.

A Turtle or a Tortoise?

Turtles enjoy water habitats or ponds to dip in, depending on the type, whereas tortoises prefer dry, arid environments. They require different habitats, and some prefer outdoor enclosures to indoor enclosures. The red-eared slider enjoys a habitat like an aquarium with room for swimming and spots above water to rest and relax. The box turtle likes a land environment with only a small wading pool for cooling off. With one kind on land and one in water, not all turtles are the perfect fit for every household. If you are considering keeping your turtle outdoors, you need to know your outdoor temperatures. Arizona might be an ideal location for a Russian tortoise that loves hot, dry temperatures, but a painted turtle would need a large pond that might dry up in such an environment. Similarly, an outdoor enclosure in Maine would probably kill a Russian tortoise from too much cold and humidity. Keeping turtles or tortoises indoors is easier to regulate, but might eventually require a giant 75-gallon tank, depending on your turtle. Smaller juvenile turtles can be kept in smaller tanks, like a 40-gallon tank, until they outgrow the space. That said, bigger tanks are easier to clean and turtles like to have more space to move, so it’s not a bad idea to start with a big tank.

Fun Facts About Turtles

Even though turtles can be a bit of a handful as pets, they are amazing creatures. Here are a few cool facts about turtles:

  • Most turtles hibernate for 10–20 weeks during the year, some even up to 9 months of the year.
  • Turtles have been around for over 200 million years.
  • The oldest known tortoise was an Indian Ocean Giant Tortoise that lived 152 years in captivity (after it was likely already 50 years old).
  • Turtles are found on 6 out of 7 continents—all except Antarctica.
  • A turtle shell is made of 60 different bones.

Which of the following statements about turtle habitats is TRUE?

(A) Turtles and tortoises require similar living environments.
(B) Red-eared sliders need an aquarium with water and land areas.
(C) Box turtles prefer a fully aquatic environment.
(D) All turtles can live outdoors in any climate.

登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查閱讀理解中的「細節定位」與「對比關係」。文章以不同種類的 turtle 與 tortoise 為例,說明牠們所需要的棲息環境不同:

  • aquatic:水生的
  • semi-aquatic:半水生的
  • terrestrial/land environment:陸地環境
  • dry, arid environment:乾燥、乾旱的環境
  • habitat:棲息地、生存環境
  • enclosure:飼養圍欄、飼養空間

判斷正誤時,必須回到文章中找明確敘述,不能只依一般常識推論。

解題方法

本題的關鍵是尋找文章中直接描述各種烏龜棲息環境的句子。文章第三段明確指出:

“The red-eared slider enjoys a habitat like an aquarium with room for swimming and spots above water to rest and relax.”

翻譯:
「紅耳龜喜歡類似水族箱的棲息環境,裡面要有游泳的空間,也要有高於水面的地方供牠休息放鬆。」

此句表示紅耳龜需要「水域」與「水面上的陸地/休息區」。

文章也指出:

“The box turtle likes a land environment with only a small wading pool for cooling off.”

翻譯:
「箱龜喜歡陸地環境,只需要一個供牠降溫的小型涉水池。」

因此,答案是明確描述紅耳龜需要水域與陸地休息區的選項。

選項分析

(A) Turtles and tortoises require similar living environments.
錯誤。

文章一開始即區分兩者:

“Turtles enjoy water habitats or ponds to dip in, depending on the type, whereas tortoises prefer dry, arid environments.”

翻譯:
「依種類而定,turtles 喜歡水域或可供浸泡的池塘;相較之下,tortoises 偏好乾燥、乾旱的環境。」

其中 whereas 表示「然而、相較之下」,用來凸顯兩者棲息環境不同。因此不能說牠們需要相似的生活環境。

(B) Red-eared sliders need an aquarium with water and land areas.
正確。

文章說紅耳龜需要類似水族箱的環境,包含:

  • room for swimming:游泳空間
  • spots above water:高於水面的休息區

所以此選項正確概括了文章內容。此處的 with 表示「具有、包含」,說明水族箱內同時具備水域與離水休息區。

(C) Box turtles prefer a fully aquatic environment.
錯誤。

文章明確寫道:

“The box turtle likes a land environment with only a small wading pool for cooling off.”

翻譯:
「箱龜喜歡陸地環境,只需要一個供降溫用的小涉水池。」

land environment 是「陸地環境」,與 fully aquatic environment「完全水生環境」意思相反。箱龜並非偏好完全水域,只需要少量水域即可。

(D) All turtles can live outdoors in any climate.
錯誤。

文章以不同地區說明氣候限制:

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第 73 題

【題組共用題幹】

Article B

Taking care of a pet turtle isn’t as easy as you might think. Turtles require special care and frequent cleaning, and they don’t play well with kids—turtles can bite and do not like to be handled, but they still make really fun pets to watch. Before you adopt a turtle, think about what resources and space you have available, what kind of turtle food you might want, as well as the fit for your home and family.

What Kinds of Turtles Make Good Pets?

The most common turtles owned as pets are the Box, Red-eared slider, Painted, Reeve’s, Wood, and Caspian pond turtles. These are considered aquatic and semi-aquatic turtles. You can tell by looking at their shells; box turtles have a shell that looks more like a tortoise versus the flat streamlined shell of fully aquatic turtles for aqua-dynamics. Each of these turtles usually has a lifespan of more than 25 years, some of which even reach into the 80 year range, like the Box turtle. Temperaments vary among turtle breeds. Adult shell size can be anywhere from 6 to 12 inches in diameter. When you buy turtles from a pet store they are usually juvenile and still have lots of growing to do. Families with kids should also know that turtles carry salmonella, which can cause sickness in young children, immune-compromised individuals, and the elderly. It is advised that families with children under age 5 not own a turtle. Always wash your hands after handling a turtle or any part of their habitat to avoid getting sick.

A Turtle or a Tortoise?

Turtles enjoy water habitats or ponds to dip in, depending on the type, whereas tortoises prefer dry, arid environments. They require different habitats, and some prefer outdoor enclosures to indoor enclosures. The red-eared slider enjoys a habitat like an aquarium with room for swimming and spots above water to rest and relax. The box turtle likes a land environment with only a small wading pool for cooling off. With one kind on land and one in water, not all turtles are the perfect fit for every household. If you are considering keeping your turtle outdoors, you need to know your outdoor temperatures. Arizona might be an ideal location for a Russian tortoise that loves hot, dry temperatures, but a painted turtle would need a large pond that might dry up in such an environment. Similarly, an outdoor enclosure in Maine would probably kill a Russian tortoise from too much cold and humidity. Keeping turtles or tortoises indoors is easier to regulate, but might eventually require a giant 75-gallon tank, depending on your turtle. Smaller juvenile turtles can be kept in smaller tanks, like a 40-gallon tank, until they outgrow the space. That said, bigger tanks are easier to clean and turtles like to have more space to move, so it’s not a bad idea to start with a big tank.

Fun Facts About Turtles

Even though turtles can be a bit of a handful as pets, they are amazing creatures. Here are a few cool facts about turtles:

  • Most turtles hibernate for 10–20 weeks during the year, some even up to 9 months of the year.
  • Turtles have been around for over 200 million years.
  • The oldest known tortoise was an Indian Ocean Giant Tortoise that lived 152 years in captivity (after it was likely already 50 years old).
  • Turtles are found on 6 out of 7 continents—all except Antarctica.
  • A turtle shell is made of 60 different bones.

Why might a Russian tortoise struggle to survive in Maine?

(A) It requires a fully aquatic environment.
(B) It needs a pond to swim in, which Maine lacks.
(C) It prefers small indoor enclosures.
(D) It cannot survive in cold and humid conditions.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查閱讀理解中的「因果關係與細節定位」。

文章比較不同種類龜類所需的生活環境:

  • Russian tortoise:喜歡炎熱、乾燥的環境。
  • Maine:氣候寒冷且潮濕。
  • 因此,Russian tortoise 放在 Maine 的戶外環境中,會因不適應低溫與高濕度而難以生存。

關鍵在於抓住文章中的「喜好環境」與「地區氣候」之間的衝突。

解題方法

先定位題目問的對象與地點:

  • 對象:Russian tortoise
  • 地點:Maine
  • 問題:為什麼難以存活?

文章先說明:

Arizona might be an ideal location for a Russian tortoise that loves hot, dry temperatures, but a painted turtle would need a large pond that might dry up in such an environment.

翻譯:
亞利桑那州可能是喜愛炎熱、乾燥氣候的 Russian tortoise 理想居住地;但 Painted turtle 需要一座大型池塘,而池塘在那種環境中可能會乾涸。

接著文章明確指出:

Similarly, an outdoor enclosure in Maine would probably kill a Russian tortoise from too much cold and humidity.

翻譯:
同樣地,緬因州的戶外圍欄可能會因為過度寒冷與潮濕而使 Russian tortoise 死亡。

題目直接將這句話改寫成選項內容,因此答案是「牠無法在寒冷且潮濕的環境中生存」。

選項分析

(A) It requires a fully aquatic environment.

翻譯:牠需要完全水生的環境。

錯誤。文章將 Russian tortoise 描述為喜歡:

hot, dry temperatures

也就是「炎熱、乾燥的氣溫」,並未說牠需要完全水生環境。完全水生環境適用於某些 aquatic turtles,並非 Russian tortoise 的特徵。

(B) It needs a pond to swim in, which Maine lacks.

翻譯:牠需要一座池塘游泳,而 Maine 沒有池塘。

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第 74 題

【題組共用題幹】

Article B

Taking care of a pet turtle isn’t as easy as you might think. Turtles require special care and frequent cleaning, and they don’t play well with kids—turtles can bite and do not like to be handled, but they still make really fun pets to watch. Before you adopt a turtle, think about what resources and space you have available, what kind of turtle food you might want, as well as the fit for your home and family.

What Kinds of Turtles Make Good Pets?

The most common turtles owned as pets are the Box, Red-eared slider, Painted, Reeve’s, Wood, and Caspian pond turtles. These are considered aquatic and semi-aquatic turtles. You can tell by looking at their shells; box turtles have a shell that looks more like a tortoise versus the flat streamlined shell of fully aquatic turtles for aqua-dynamics. Each of these turtles usually has a lifespan of more than 25 years, some of which even reach into the 80 year range, like the Box turtle. Temperaments vary among turtle breeds. Adult shell size can be anywhere from 6 to 12 inches in diameter. When you buy turtles from a pet store they are usually juvenile and still have lots of growing to do. Families with kids should also know that turtles carry salmonella, which can cause sickness in young children, immune-compromised individuals, and the elderly. It is advised that families with children under age 5 not own a turtle. Always wash your hands after handling a turtle or any part of their habitat to avoid getting sick.

A Turtle or a Tortoise?

Turtles enjoy water habitats or ponds to dip in, depending on the type, whereas tortoises prefer dry, arid environments. They require different habitats, and some prefer outdoor enclosures to indoor enclosures. The red-eared slider enjoys a habitat like an aquarium with room for swimming and spots above water to rest and relax. The box turtle likes a land environment with only a small wading pool for cooling off. With one kind on land and one in water, not all turtles are the perfect fit for every household. If you are considering keeping your turtle outdoors, you need to know your outdoor temperatures. Arizona might be an ideal location for a Russian tortoise that loves hot, dry temperatures, but a painted turtle would need a large pond that might dry up in such an environment. Similarly, an outdoor enclosure in Maine would probably kill a Russian tortoise from too much cold and humidity. Keeping turtles or tortoises indoors is easier to regulate, but might eventually require a giant 75-gallon tank, depending on your turtle. Smaller juvenile turtles can be kept in smaller tanks, like a 40-gallon tank, until they outgrow the space. That said, bigger tanks are easier to clean and turtles like to have more space to move, so it’s not a bad idea to start with a big tank.

Fun Facts About Turtles

Even though turtles can be a bit of a handful as pets, they are amazing creatures. Here are a few cool facts about turtles:

  • Most turtles hibernate for 10–20 weeks during the year, some even up to 9 months of the year.
  • Turtles have been around for over 200 million years.
  • The oldest known tortoise was an Indian Ocean Giant Tortoise that lived 152 years in captivity (after it was likely already 50 years old).
  • Turtles are found on 6 out of 7 continents—all except Antarctica.
  • A turtle shell is made of 60 different bones.

What is one reason larger tanks are recommended for turtles?

(A) They help turtles grow faster.
(B) They are easier to clean and provide more space for movement.
(C) They make turtles more sociable and playful.
(D) They prevent turtles from hibernating.

登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查閱讀理解中的「細節定位」與「因果關係判斷」。解題關鍵是找出文章中直接說明「為何建議使用較大水箱」的句子,再將選項與原文逐一比對。

文章指出,大水箱有兩項優點:

  1. 較容易清潔(easier to clean)
  2. 提供烏龜更多活動空間(more space to move)

解題方法

題目問:

What is one reason larger tanks are recommended for turtles?
為什麼文章建議烏龜使用較大的水箱?

應直接鎖定文章中談到 tank 的段落,尤其是最後兩句:

“That said, bigger tanks are easier to clean and turtles like to have more space to move, so it’s not a bad idea to start with a big tank.”

翻譯:

話雖如此,較大的水箱比較容易清潔,而烏龜也喜歡有更多空間可以活動,因此一開始就使用大水箱並不是壞主意。

原文以 so 連接原因與結論:

  • bigger tanks are easier to clean
  • turtles like to have more space to move
  • so it’s not a bad idea to start with a big tank

因此,正確答案必須同時包含「容易清潔」與「提供更多活動空間」。

關鍵單字與片語

  • tank:水箱、飼養箱
  • larger:較大的
  • easier to clean:比較容易清潔
  • provide:提供
  • space for movement:活動空間
  • move:移動、活動
  • grow faster:成長得更快
  • sociable:善於交際的
  • playful:愛玩的
  • prevent:防止
  • hibernate:冬眠

文法上,比較級 + to V 用來表示「做某事比較容易」:

bigger tanks are easier to clean
較大的水箱比較容易清潔

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第 75 題

【題組共用題幹】

Article B

Taking care of a pet turtle isn’t as easy as you might think. Turtles require special care and frequent cleaning, and they don’t play well with kids—turtles can bite and do not like to be handled, but they still make really fun pets to watch. Before you adopt a turtle, think about what resources and space you have available, what kind of turtle food you might want, as well as the fit for your home and family.

What Kinds of Turtles Make Good Pets?

The most common turtles owned as pets are the Box, Red-eared slider, Painted, Reeve’s, Wood, and Caspian pond turtles. These are considered aquatic and semi-aquatic turtles. You can tell by looking at their shells; box turtles have a shell that looks more like a tortoise versus the flat streamlined shell of fully aquatic turtles for aqua-dynamics. Each of these turtles usually has a lifespan of more than 25 years, some of which even reach into the 80 year range, like the Box turtle. Temperaments vary among turtle breeds. Adult shell size can be anywhere from 6 to 12 inches in diameter. When you buy turtles from a pet store they are usually juvenile and still have lots of growing to do. Families with kids should also know that turtles carry salmonella, which can cause sickness in young children, immune-compromised individuals, and the elderly. It is advised that families with children under age 5 not own a turtle. Always wash your hands after handling a turtle or any part of their habitat to avoid getting sick.

A Turtle or a Tortoise?

Turtles enjoy water habitats or ponds to dip in, depending on the type, whereas tortoises prefer dry, arid environments. They require different habitats, and some prefer outdoor enclosures to indoor enclosures. The red-eared slider enjoys a habitat like an aquarium with room for swimming and spots above water to rest and relax. The box turtle likes a land environment with only a small wading pool for cooling off. With one kind on land and one in water, not all turtles are the perfect fit for every household. If you are considering keeping your turtle outdoors, you need to know your outdoor temperatures. Arizona might be an ideal location for a Russian tortoise that loves hot, dry temperatures, but a painted turtle would need a large pond that might dry up in such an environment. Similarly, an outdoor enclosure in Maine would probably kill a Russian tortoise from too much cold and humidity. Keeping turtles or tortoises indoors is easier to regulate, but might eventually require a giant 75-gallon tank, depending on your turtle. Smaller juvenile turtles can be kept in smaller tanks, like a 40-gallon tank, until they outgrow the space. That said, bigger tanks are easier to clean and turtles like to have more space to move, so it’s not a bad idea to start with a big tank.

Fun Facts About Turtles

Even though turtles can be a bit of a handful as pets, they are amazing creatures. Here are a few cool facts about turtles:

  • Most turtles hibernate for 10–20 weeks during the year, some even up to 9 months of the year.
  • Turtles have been around for over 200 million years.
  • The oldest known tortoise was an Indian Ocean Giant Tortoise that lived 152 years in captivity (after it was likely already 50 years old).
  • Turtles are found on 6 out of 7 continents—all except Antarctica.
  • A turtle shell is made of 60 different bones.

What can be inferred about turtles based on the “Fun Facts” section?

(A) Turtles have existed for a very long time.
(B) Turtles are only found in hot, dry environments.
(C) All turtles can hibernate for up to nine months.
(D) Turtle shells are made of a single solid bone.

登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查閱讀理解中的「文章明示資訊與合理推論」。解題重點是:

  • 找出 Fun Facts About Turtles 段落中的關鍵資訊。
  • 判斷選項是否忠實轉述原文。
  • 注意選項中的範圍詞,如 most、some、all、only,這些字常造成語意過度延伸。

題目問的是:根據「Fun Facts」段落,可以推論出關於烏龜的哪一項敘述?

解題方法

先定位文章中的相關句子:

Turtles have been around for over 200 million years.
烏龜已經存在超過兩億年。

這句表示烏龜存在的歷史非常久,因此可推論:

Turtles have existed for a very long time.
烏龜已經存在很長的一段時間。

選項 A 是原文的合理改寫,語意完全一致,因此為正確答案。

選項分析

(A) Turtles have existed for a very long time.

烏龜已經存在很長的一段時間。

正確。原文說:

Turtles have been around for over 200 million years.
烏龜已經存在超過兩億年。

「have been around for over 200 million years」就是「已存在超過兩億年」,可合理改寫為「have existed for a very long time」。這是由明示資訊所作出的直接推論。

(B) Turtles are only found in hot, dry environments.

烏龜只生活在炎熱、乾燥的環境中。

錯誤。原文只說:

Turtles are found on 6 out of 7 continents—all except Antarctica.
烏龜分布於七大洲中的六洲,只有南極洲沒有。

這表示烏龜分布範圍很廣,不能推論牠們只生活在炎熱乾燥的環境。文章前文也提到不同種類的烏龜需要不同環境,例如:

  • Russian tortoise 喜歡炎熱乾燥的環境。
  • Painted turtle 需要大型池塘。
  • Maine 的寒冷與潮濕環境可能會危害 Russian tortoise。

因此「only」形成過度限定,與文章內容不符。

(C) All turtles can hibernate for up to nine months.

所有烏龜都能冬眠長達九個月。

錯誤。原文是:

Most turtles hibernate for 10–20 weeks during the year, some even up to 9 months of the year.
大多數烏龜每年冬眠十至二十週,有些甚至一年可達九個月。

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第 76 題

【題組共用題幹】

Article C

ZOO RULES:

Zoo rules are created for the safety and welfare of both our guests and the animals. Please obey all rules, guidelines and posted signs throughout Zoo property. The Zoo staff will remove anyone who violates the rules and guidelines. We reserve the right to inspect any item brought onto Zoo property.

  1. Respect the Animals

Please treat the Zoo’s animals with the respect they deserve. Animal World & Snake Farm Zoo is their home. Do not yell at or taunt the animals, do not bang on their enclosures and do not throw objects into their habitats. We will remove you from the property the first time this rule is violated.

  1. Respect your Boundaries

Never cross any fence or barrier in the Zoo. Do not try to touch the animals—if an animal has teeth, it can bite; if an animal has claws, it can scratch. This is for the safety of both our visitors and our animals. We will remove you from the property the first time this rule is violated.

  1. Do Not Feed the Animals

The animals at Animal World & Snake Farm Zoo have veterinarian-approved and formulated diets to ensure their health and well-being. Human food may make them sick. We will remove you from the property the first time this rule is violated. Note: you may feed the animals that participate in the “Feed Your Friends” program with approved food purchased from the gift shop.

  1. No Smoking

To decrease fire hazards and ensure the safety and health of the animals, guests and staff, smoking is not permitted on property. This includes the parking lot.

  1. No Pets

All pets are prohibited from the Zoo to protect both the Zoo animals and your animals. Do not leave pets in your car while you are in the zoo or we will ask you to leave and return without them. Service animals are allowed in the zoo, though they are not permitted to enter the petting zoo.

  1. Children Must be Supervised at All Times

We get it—kids are adventurous and like to wander! However, we want your kiddos to stay safe. Keep an eye on them and make sure they are supervised at all times. Any individual under the age of 16 must be accompanied by an adult when visiting the Zoo.

  1. Dress Code

Shirts and shoes must be worn at all times. Swimwear must be sufficiently covered. Offensive or provocative items on clothing or swimwear are prohibited. Costumes or disguises that conceal identity are not permitted. Animal World & Snake Farm Zoo reserves the right to refuse admission to anyone who refuses to comply with the dress code summarized above.

  1. Beverages

You are welcome to bring outside, non-alcoholic beverages into the Zoo. Alcoholic beverages are not permitted in the Zoo if they were not purchased from our food vendor. Straws are also not permitted inside the Zoo. Please make sure any straws are discarded before entering for your visit.

What will happen if a visitor crosses a fence to touch an animal?

(A) They will be asked to leave the zoo immediately.
(B) They will be given a warning the first time.
(C) They will have to pay a fine.
(D) They will be allowed to touch the animal if supervised.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查英文閱讀理解,以及規則文字中的「行為—處分」對應關係。解題關鍵是找出文章中與題目情境完全相符的規定:

  • cross a fence:跨越柵欄
  • touch an animal:觸摸動物
  • remove someone from the property:將某人移出園區、請某人離園
  • the first time this rule is violated:第一次違反這項規定時

題目問的是:遊客跨越柵欄去觸摸動物時,會受到什麼處置。

解題方法

先將題目情境拆成兩個行為:

  1. crosses a fence:跨越柵欄
  2. to touch an animal:為了觸摸動物

文章第 2 條 Respect your Boundaries 明確規定:

“Never cross any fence or barrier in the Zoo. Do not try to touch the animals ... We will remove you from the property the first time this rule is violated.”

翻譯:

「絕對不可跨越園區內的任何柵欄或屏障。不要試圖觸摸動物……第一次違反這項規定時,我們會將你移出園區。」

因此,遊客一旦跨越柵欄並試圖觸摸動物,第一次違規就會被請離動物園。

關鍵單字與片語

  • respect:尊重
  • boundary:界線、邊界
  • fence:柵欄
  • barrier:障礙物、隔離設施
  • cross:跨越
  • touch:觸摸
  • teeth:牙齒,單數為 tooth
  • bite:咬
  • claw:爪子
  • scratch:抓傷、刮傷
  • remove A from B:將 A 從 B 移除;本文指將某人請出園區
  • violate:違反
  • rule:規則
  • be supervised:受到監督、有人陪同照看
  • fine:罰款
  • be allowed to:被允許做某事

文法與語意重點

1. Never 開頭的祈使句

“Never cross any fence or barrier in the Zoo.”

Never + 原形動詞表示強烈禁止,意為「絕對不要……」。

因此 Never cross 不是建議,而是明確禁止跨越柵欄。

2. Do not + 原形動詞

“Do not try to touch the animals.”

Do not try to touch 表示「不要試圖觸摸動物」。其中:

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第 77 題

【題組共用題幹】

Article C

ZOO RULES:

Zoo rules are created for the safety and welfare of both our guests and the animals. Please obey all rules, guidelines and posted signs throughout Zoo property. The Zoo staff will remove anyone who violates the rules and guidelines. We reserve the right to inspect any item brought onto Zoo property.

  1. Respect the Animals

Please treat the Zoo’s animals with the respect they deserve. Animal World & Snake Farm Zoo is their home. Do not yell at or taunt the animals, do not bang on their enclosures and do not throw objects into their habitats. We will remove you from the property the first time this rule is violated.

  1. Respect your Boundaries

Never cross any fence or barrier in the Zoo. Do not try to touch the animals—if an animal has teeth, it can bite; if an animal has claws, it can scratch. This is for the safety of both our visitors and our animals. We will remove you from the property the first time this rule is violated.

  1. Do Not Feed the Animals

The animals at Animal World & Snake Farm Zoo have veterinarian-approved and formulated diets to ensure their health and well-being. Human food may make them sick. We will remove you from the property the first time this rule is violated. Note: you may feed the animals that participate in the “Feed Your Friends” program with approved food purchased from the gift shop.

  1. No Smoking

To decrease fire hazards and ensure the safety and health of the animals, guests and staff, smoking is not permitted on property. This includes the parking lot.

  1. No Pets

All pets are prohibited from the Zoo to protect both the Zoo animals and your animals. Do not leave pets in your car while you are in the zoo or we will ask you to leave and return without them. Service animals are allowed in the zoo, though they are not permitted to enter the petting zoo.

  1. Children Must be Supervised at All Times

We get it—kids are adventurous and like to wander! However, we want your kiddos to stay safe. Keep an eye on them and make sure they are supervised at all times. Any individual under the age of 16 must be accompanied by an adult when visiting the Zoo.

  1. Dress Code

Shirts and shoes must be worn at all times. Swimwear must be sufficiently covered. Offensive or provocative items on clothing or swimwear are prohibited. Costumes or disguises that conceal identity are not permitted. Animal World & Snake Farm Zoo reserves the right to refuse admission to anyone who refuses to comply with the dress code summarized above.

  1. Beverages

You are welcome to bring outside, non-alcoholic beverages into the Zoo. Alcoholic beverages are not permitted in the Zoo if they were not purchased from our food vendor. Straws are also not permitted inside the Zoo. Please make sure any straws are discarded before entering for your visit.

Which of the following is TRUE about smoking at the zoo?

(A) Smoking is allowed in the parking lot.
(B) Smoking is only allowed in designated areas.
(C) Visitors can smoke if they are far from the animal enclosures.
(D) Smoking is completely prohibited, including in the parking lot.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查閱讀理解中的「細節定位」與否定句辨識。題目詢問動物園對吸菸的規定,答案必須直接根據文章第 4 點 No Smoking 判斷。

關鍵句為:

smoking is not permitted on property. This includes the parking lot.
吸菸在動物園園區內完全不被允許;停車場也包括在內。

其中:

  • not permitted:不被允許、禁止
  • on property:在園區範圍內
  • This includes the parking lot.:這也包括停車場
  • fire hazards:火災危險
  • ensure the safety and health of...:確保……的安全與健康

解題方法

先找題幹關鍵字 smoking,回文章定位第 4 點 No Smoking。文章明確表示:

  1. 園區內禁止吸菸。
  2. 停車場也屬於禁止吸菸的範圍。

因此,正確意思是「吸菸全面禁止,連停車場也不能吸」。

文法上,be permitted to V 表示「被允許做某事」;本句使用否定形式:

smoking is not permitted\text{smoking is not permitted}

意思是「吸菸不被允許」,也就是「禁止吸菸」。

選項分析

(A) Smoking is allowed in the parking lot.
吸菸在停車場是被允許的。

錯誤。文章明確寫出 This includes the parking lot,表示停車場也包含在禁菸範圍內,並非吸菸許可區。

(B) Smoking is only allowed in designated areas.
吸菸只允許在指定區域進行。

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第 78 題

【題組共用題幹】

Article C

ZOO RULES:

Zoo rules are created for the safety and welfare of both our guests and the animals. Please obey all rules, guidelines and posted signs throughout Zoo property. The Zoo staff will remove anyone who violates the rules and guidelines. We reserve the right to inspect any item brought onto Zoo property.

  1. Respect the Animals

Please treat the Zoo’s animals with the respect they deserve. Animal World & Snake Farm Zoo is their home. Do not yell at or taunt the animals, do not bang on their enclosures and do not throw objects into their habitats. We will remove you from the property the first time this rule is violated.

  1. Respect your Boundaries

Never cross any fence or barrier in the Zoo. Do not try to touch the animals—if an animal has teeth, it can bite; if an animal has claws, it can scratch. This is for the safety of both our visitors and our animals. We will remove you from the property the first time this rule is violated.

  1. Do Not Feed the Animals

The animals at Animal World & Snake Farm Zoo have veterinarian-approved and formulated diets to ensure their health and well-being. Human food may make them sick. We will remove you from the property the first time this rule is violated. Note: you may feed the animals that participate in the “Feed Your Friends” program with approved food purchased from the gift shop.

  1. No Smoking

To decrease fire hazards and ensure the safety and health of the animals, guests and staff, smoking is not permitted on property. This includes the parking lot.

  1. No Pets

All pets are prohibited from the Zoo to protect both the Zoo animals and your animals. Do not leave pets in your car while you are in the zoo or we will ask you to leave and return without them. Service animals are allowed in the zoo, though they are not permitted to enter the petting zoo.

  1. Children Must be Supervised at All Times

We get it—kids are adventurous and like to wander! However, we want your kiddos to stay safe. Keep an eye on them and make sure they are supervised at all times. Any individual under the age of 16 must be accompanied by an adult when visiting the Zoo.

  1. Dress Code

Shirts and shoes must be worn at all times. Swimwear must be sufficiently covered. Offensive or provocative items on clothing or swimwear are prohibited. Costumes or disguises that conceal identity are not permitted. Animal World & Snake Farm Zoo reserves the right to refuse admission to anyone who refuses to comply with the dress code summarized above.

  1. Beverages

You are welcome to bring outside, non-alcoholic beverages into the Zoo. Alcoholic beverages are not permitted in the Zoo if they were not purchased from our food vendor. Straws are also not permitted inside the Zoo. Please make sure any straws are discarded before entering for your visit.

Which of the following items is NOT allowed inside the zoo?

(A) Water bottles with no straws.
(B) A service dog.
(C) A swimsuit with offensive images.
(D) Non-alcoholic drinks.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查英文閱讀理解中的「細節定位」與否定問句判讀。

題目問:

Which of the following items is NOT allowed inside the zoo?
下列哪一項物品不准帶入動物園?

解題關鍵是逐一比對文章第 7、8 條規定,特別注意 NOT allowed,要找「禁止」的項目。

關鍵單字與片語

  • rule:規則
  • safety and welfare:安全與福祉
  • obey:遵守
  • violate:違反
  • enclosure:圍欄、圈養區
  • habitat:棲息地
  • boundary:界線
  • barrier:障礙物、隔離欄
  • veterinarian-approved:經獸醫核准的
  • prohibited:被禁止的
  • service animal:服務性動物
  • supervise:監督、看管
  • dress code:服裝規定
  • offensive:冒犯性的、不雅的
  • provocative:挑逗性的、煽情的
  • conceal identity:遮掩身分
  • beverage:飲料
  • non-alcoholic:不含酒精的
  • straw:吸管
  • discard:丟棄
  • refuse admission:拒絕入場

解題方法

文章第 7 條「Dress Code」明確規定服裝要求;第 8 條「Beverages」則規定飲料與吸管。

定位第 7 條中的句子:

Offensive or provocative items on clothing or swimwear are prohibited.
衣物或泳裝上帶有冒犯性或挑逗性的圖案、文字等物品,均被禁止。

因此,帶有冒犯性圖像的泳裝不得進入動物園。

選項分析

(A) Water bottles with no straws.
沒有吸管的水瓶。

第 8 條規定:

You are welcome to bring outside, non-alcoholic beverages into the Zoo.
歡迎將外帶的不含酒精飲料帶入動物園。

水瓶中的水屬於不含酒精飲料,且沒有吸管,不違反規定,因此可以帶入。此選項錯誤。

(B) A service dog.
一隻服務犬。

第 5 條規定:

Service animals are allowed in the zoo, though they are not permitted to enter the petting zoo.
服務性動物可以進入動物園,但不得進入可撫摸動物的園區。

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第 79 題

【題組共用題幹】

Article C

ZOO RULES:

Zoo rules are created for the safety and welfare of both our guests and the animals. Please obey all rules, guidelines and posted signs throughout Zoo property. The Zoo staff will remove anyone who violates the rules and guidelines. We reserve the right to inspect any item brought onto Zoo property.

  1. Respect the Animals

Please treat the Zoo’s animals with the respect they deserve. Animal World & Snake Farm Zoo is their home. Do not yell at or taunt the animals, do not bang on their enclosures and do not throw objects into their habitats. We will remove you from the property the first time this rule is violated.

  1. Respect your Boundaries

Never cross any fence or barrier in the Zoo. Do not try to touch the animals—if an animal has teeth, it can bite; if an animal has claws, it can scratch. This is for the safety of both our visitors and our animals. We will remove you from the property the first time this rule is violated.

  1. Do Not Feed the Animals

The animals at Animal World & Snake Farm Zoo have veterinarian-approved and formulated diets to ensure their health and well-being. Human food may make them sick. We will remove you from the property the first time this rule is violated. Note: you may feed the animals that participate in the “Feed Your Friends” program with approved food purchased from the gift shop.

  1. No Smoking

To decrease fire hazards and ensure the safety and health of the animals, guests and staff, smoking is not permitted on property. This includes the parking lot.

  1. No Pets

All pets are prohibited from the Zoo to protect both the Zoo animals and your animals. Do not leave pets in your car while you are in the zoo or we will ask you to leave and return without them. Service animals are allowed in the zoo, though they are not permitted to enter the petting zoo.

  1. Children Must be Supervised at All Times

We get it—kids are adventurous and like to wander! However, we want your kiddos to stay safe. Keep an eye on them and make sure they are supervised at all times. Any individual under the age of 16 must be accompanied by an adult when visiting the Zoo.

  1. Dress Code

Shirts and shoes must be worn at all times. Swimwear must be sufficiently covered. Offensive or provocative items on clothing or swimwear are prohibited. Costumes or disguises that conceal identity are not permitted. Animal World & Snake Farm Zoo reserves the right to refuse admission to anyone who refuses to comply with the dress code summarized above.

  1. Beverages

You are welcome to bring outside, non-alcoholic beverages into the Zoo. Alcoholic beverages are not permitted in the Zoo if they were not purchased from our food vendor. Straws are also not permitted inside the Zoo. Please make sure any straws are discarded before entering for your visit.

Who cannot stay in the zoo?

(A) A visitor who brings a service dog.
(B) A child under 16 who is visiting with their parents.
(C) A person who refuses to wear a shirt and shoes.
(D) A visitor who buys approved animal food from the gift shop.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查英文閱讀理解中的「規則判讀」與「否定訊息辨識」。

解題重點是:

  • 找出文章中對不同訪客行為的規定。
  • 注意否定字詞,如 not permitted、prohibited、not allowed、refuses to comply。
  • 判斷題目問的是 Who cannot stay in the zoo?,也就是「誰不能留在動物園內」,答案必須是違反規定、會被要求離開,或無法入園的人。

關鍵單字與片語

  • safety and welfare:安全與福祉
  • obey:遵守
  • violate:違反
  • respect:尊重
  • taunt:戲弄、挑釁
  • enclosure:圍欄、圈養區
  • habitat:棲息地
  • boundary:界線
  • barrier:障礙物、隔離設施
  • veterinarian-approved:經獸醫核准的
  • prohibited:被禁止的
  • service animals:服務性動物
  • be accompanied by:由……陪同
  • supervised:受到監督、照看
  • dress code:服裝規定
  • conceal identity:掩蓋身分
  • refuse to comply with:拒絕遵守
  • admission:入場、入園許可
  • approved animal food:經核准的動物食品
  • gift shop:禮品店

解題方法

先鎖定各選項涉及的規定,再與文章逐一比對:

  1. 服務犬是否被禁止?
  2. 未滿 16 歲兒童是否可在父母陪同下入園?
  3. 拒絕穿著規定服裝者是否可入園?
  4. 從禮品店購買核准食物餵動物是否被允許?

文章明確規定:拒絕遵守服裝規定者,動物園保留拒絕其入場的權利。因此,這類人不能留在動物園內。

定位原文與翻譯

文章第 7 點 Dress Code 中寫道:

Animal World & Snake Farm Zoo reserves the right to refuse admission to anyone who refuses to comply with the dress code summarized above.

翻譯:

Animal World & Snake Farm Zoo 保留拒絕任何拒絕遵守上述服裝規定者入場的權利。

其中:

  • reserves the right to 表示「保留……的權利」。
  • refuse admission to someone 表示「拒絕某人入場」。
  • anyone who refuses to comply 中的 who 引導關係子句,修飾 anyone。
  • comply with 表示「遵守、符合」。

服裝規定要求:

Shirts and shoes must be worn at all times.

翻譯:

任何時候都必須穿著上衣與鞋子。

因此,拒絕穿上衣和鞋子的人無法符合入園要求。

選項分析

(A) A visitor who brings a service dog.

帶服務犬的訪客。

錯誤。文章第 5 點明確說:

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第 80 題

【題組共用題幹】

Article C

ZOO RULES:

Zoo rules are created for the safety and welfare of both our guests and the animals. Please obey all rules, guidelines and posted signs throughout Zoo property. The Zoo staff will remove anyone who violates the rules and guidelines. We reserve the right to inspect any item brought onto Zoo property.

  1. Respect the Animals

Please treat the Zoo’s animals with the respect they deserve. Animal World & Snake Farm Zoo is their home. Do not yell at or taunt the animals, do not bang on their enclosures and do not throw objects into their habitats. We will remove you from the property the first time this rule is violated.

  1. Respect your Boundaries

Never cross any fence or barrier in the Zoo. Do not try to touch the animals—if an animal has teeth, it can bite; if an animal has claws, it can scratch. This is for the safety of both our visitors and our animals. We will remove you from the property the first time this rule is violated.

  1. Do Not Feed the Animals

The animals at Animal World & Snake Farm Zoo have veterinarian-approved and formulated diets to ensure their health and well-being. Human food may make them sick. We will remove you from the property the first time this rule is violated. Note: you may feed the animals that participate in the “Feed Your Friends” program with approved food purchased from the gift shop.

  1. No Smoking

To decrease fire hazards and ensure the safety and health of the animals, guests and staff, smoking is not permitted on property. This includes the parking lot.

  1. No Pets

All pets are prohibited from the Zoo to protect both the Zoo animals and your animals. Do not leave pets in your car while you are in the zoo or we will ask you to leave and return without them. Service animals are allowed in the zoo, though they are not permitted to enter the petting zoo.

  1. Children Must be Supervised at All Times

We get it—kids are adventurous and like to wander! However, we want your kiddos to stay safe. Keep an eye on them and make sure they are supervised at all times. Any individual under the age of 16 must be accompanied by an adult when visiting the Zoo.

  1. Dress Code

Shirts and shoes must be worn at all times. Swimwear must be sufficiently covered. Offensive or provocative items on clothing or swimwear are prohibited. Costumes or disguises that conceal identity are not permitted. Animal World & Snake Farm Zoo reserves the right to refuse admission to anyone who refuses to comply with the dress code summarized above.

  1. Beverages

You are welcome to bring outside, non-alcoholic beverages into the Zoo. Alcoholic beverages are not permitted in the Zoo if they were not purchased from our food vendor. Straws are also not permitted inside the Zoo. Please make sure any straws are discarded before entering for your visit.

What is the main reason for the zoo's rules and guidelines?

(A) To make the zoo more enjoyable for visitors.
(B) To keep the zoo clean and organized at all times.
(C) To limit visitors' interactions with the staff.
(D) To ensure both the safety of the animals and the well-being of the guests.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「閱讀測驗主旨題」,要求判斷整篇公告制定動物園規則與指引的主要目的。

解答主旨題時,應優先閱讀文章開頭的總說句,並觀察後文各段是否都圍繞同一核心。本文列出的規定包括:

  • 不驚嚇、挑釁或傷害動物
  • 不跨越圍欄、不觸摸動物
  • 不餵食動物
  • 禁止吸菸
  • 禁止攜帶寵物
  • 必須隨時照顧兒童
  • 遵守服裝規定
  • 遵守飲料規定

這些規定同時保護動物與遊客,因此主旨是「確保動物的安全與福祉,也保障遊客的安全與健康」。

解題方法

主旨題的判斷步驟如下:

  1. 找出文章的總說句。
  2. 判斷各分項規定共同服務的目的。
  3. 選擇涵蓋範圍最完整、最符合原文的選項。

本文第一段直接說明規則的目的:

“Zoo rules are created for the safety and welfare of both our guests and the animals.”

翻譯為:

「制定動物園規則是為了我們賓客與動物雙方的安全和福祉。」

句中的關鍵結構是:

  • for the safety and welfare of A and B:為了 A 與 B 的安全及福祉
  • both A and B:A 與 B 兩者都

其中 both our guests and the animals 明確表示規則的保障對象有兩類:遊客與動物。選項 D 完整對應這個句子的內容。

關鍵單字與片語

  • rule:規則
  • guideline:指引、準則
  • safety:安全
  • welfare:福祉、福利、身心健康
  • guest:賓客、遊客
  • obey:遵守
  • violate:違反
  • inspect:檢查
  • respect:尊重
  • taunt:嘲弄、挑釁
  • enclosure:圍欄、圈養區
  • habitat:棲息地
  • boundary:界線、邊界
  • barrier:屏障、阻隔物
  • veterinarian-approved:經獸醫認可的
  • formulated diet:調配好的飲食
  • fire hazard:火災危險
  • prohibit:禁止
  • supervise:監督、照顧
  • accompany:陪同
  • dress code:服裝規定
  • conceal identity:遮掩身分
  • admission:入場許可
  • non-alcoholic beverage:非酒精飲料
  • vendor:供應商、販售商

文法與語意重點

1. both A and B

原文:

“both our guests and the animals”

此結構表示「A 與 B 兩者都」,強調規則並非只為動物制定,也同樣為遊客制定。

2. for + 名詞

原文:

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其他考古題

114 年亞洲大學的其他科目

亞洲大學《英文》其他年度