私立醫學校院聯招 113 年 《英文》
第 1 題2 分
Sleep deprivation can have a significantly ____ impact on individuals’ driving behaviors, which creates grave problems.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：形容詞與名詞的搭配，以及空格前後的語意邏輯。題幹說睡眠不足會對駕駛行為造成 ____ 的影響，進而產生 grave problems（嚴重問題）。
解題方法：題幹末句 grave problems 已定調為負面後果，因此空格應填入表示「有害」的形容詞，才能與 impact 搭配成「有害的影響」。逐一比對：detrimental（有害的）符合負面語意；beneficial（有益的）、constructive（建設性的）、regenerative（促進再生或修復的）都是正面語意，與 grave problems 矛盾。
選項分析：
(A) detrimental：有害的、不利的，常與 effect、impact 搭配為 detrimental effect（有害影響）。正確。
第 2 題2 分
I hadn’t prepared a speech so I suddenly had to ____.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：片語 improvise（即興發揮）的用法，常見於 improvise a speech（即席發表）。
解題方法：題幹說「我沒有準備演講稿，所以突然必須 ____」。關鍵在 hadn't prepared（沒準備）與 suddenly（突然），整句語意是「沒準備又得上台，只能即興發揮」，因此應選 improvise。
第 3 題2 分
Lead can ____ in the body until toxic levels are reached.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：動詞 accumulate（累積、積聚）的用法，常見於描述物質在身體或環境中逐步蓄積。
解題方法：主詞 Lead（鉛）是物質，句意為「鉛會在體內 ____，直到達到有毒濃度」。由 until toxic levels are reached（直到達到毒性濃度）可知，此處描述的是逐漸堆積的過程，需要表示「累積」的動詞。
選項分析：
(A) cultivate：培養，多用於植物、細菌或技能。錯誤。
(B) deviate：偏離，搭配 from，與題意不符。錯誤。
(C) accelerate：加速，語意不合於「逐漸累積」。錯誤。
第 4 題2 分
The government ____ to the international community for aid due to the earthquake.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：片語 appeal to sb. for sth.（向某人懇求某物），appeal 為不及物動詞，對象用 to。
解題方法：題幹為「地震後，政府向國際社會 ____ 求援」。for aid（求援）與 to the international community（對國際社會）合起來，需要表示「呼籲、懇求」的動詞，故選 appealed。
選項分析：
(A) repelled：擊退、使反感，與求援無關。錯誤。
第 5 題2 分
A fire can spread easily from one apartment to ____ apartments. That’s why all residents need to get out immediately during a fire.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：形容詞 adjacent（相鄰的、毗連的）的用法，常見搭配 adjacent to 或直接修飾名詞。
解題方法：句意是「火勢很容易從一間公寓蔓延到 ____ 公寓」，所需的是表示「鄰近的」形容詞，才能與前句的火勢蔓延相呼應。後半句 all residents need to get out immediately（所有住戶都要立刻撤離）也說明火勢會蔓延至鄰近住宅。
選項分析：
(A) fiesta：節慶、嘉年華，名詞，與題意無關。錯誤。
(B) adjacent：相鄰的、毗連的，修飾 apartments 語意正確。正確。
第 6 題2 分
Please follow the instructions to ____ your replacement card.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：動詞 activate（啟用）的用法，常見於銀行卡、帳號、產品等「開通、啟用」的情境。
解題方法：題幹為「請依指示 ____ 你的補發卡片」。空格後接 your replacement card（補發卡），而 follow the instructions（依指示操作）通常是指啟用新卡，因此選 activate。
選項分析：
(A) activate：啟用、開通，正確。
(B) dedicate：奉獻、獻給，與卡片無關。錯誤。
第 7 題2 分
To increase revenue, the manager offered a monetary ____ to the sales associates who achieved record-breaking sales.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：名詞 incentive（誘因、獎勵）與 monetary incentive（金錢獎勵）的搭配。
解題方法：題幹為「為了增加營收，經理對創下銷售紀錄的業務人員提供了金錢 ____」。形容詞 monetary（金錢的）後方需要名詞，且語意需為「獎勵、激勵」，故選 incentive。
選項分析：
(A) inventory：存貨，與獎勵無關。錯誤。
(B) incident：事件，與激勵無關。錯誤。
(C) incentive：誘因、獎勵，符合題意。正確。
第 8 題2 分
She comes from an ____ political family that includes two former Cabinet ministers.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：形容詞 illustrious（傑出的、顯赫的）的用法，修飾家族、人物時表示「聲名顯赫」。
解題方法：題幹為「她出身於一個 ____ 的政治家族，家中有兩位前任內閣部長」。後半句的 two former Cabinet ministers（兩位前內閣部長）說明該家族地位崇高，因此需要「顯赫的」形容詞。
選項分析：
(A) illustrated：有插圖的，語意不合。錯誤。
(B) illustrating：說明中的，為現在分詞，無法合理修飾 family。錯誤。
第 9 題2 分
Trying to completely eliminate doping from sport is a ____ task since it proves futile.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：希臘神話的形容詞用法。Sisyphean（西西弗斯式的）源自西西弗斯被罰永遠推石上山的神話，用來形容徒勞無功、永無止境的工作。
解題方法：題幹說「完全消除運動中的禁藥是一項 ____ 的任務，因為它被證明是徒勞的」。futile（徒勞的）已點出語意，需要的是「徒勞無功」的形容詞，即 Sisyphean。
選項分析：
(A) Circean：源自女神 Circe（女巫瑟西），形容迷惑人、誘人的事物，語意不合。錯誤。
(B) Dionysian：源自酒神 Dionysus，形容放縱、狂歡的，不合題意。錯誤。
第 10 題2 分
Scams usually involve “fattening up” victims before taking everything they have. The con artists behind them take on false online identities and spend months financially ____ their victims to get them to invest on fraudulent cryptocurrency websites.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：動詞 groom（培養、誘導接近）在詐騙語境中的用法，表示詐騙者先與受害者建立信任，再逐步操控。
解題方法：題幹說詐騙通常先「把受害者養肥」再全部拿走財產。詐騙者用假網路身分，花數月時間在經濟上 ____ 受害者，使其投資假的加密貨幣網站。由 fattening up（養肥）與 false online identities（假網路身分）可知，這是「培養信任、誘導」的過程，應選 grooming。
第 11 題2 分
If you ____ altogether, try to cut down as much as possible.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：動詞 find 的受詞句型。find + it（形式受詞）+ 形容詞 + to V，表示「覺得做某事如何」。條件句 If you ____ altogether 中，需要完整的及物句型。
解題方法：句意為「如果你無法完全戒酒，請盡量減少」。find it difficult to stop drinking（覺得戒酒困難）為正確句型，it 是形式受詞，真正的受詞為 to stop drinking。
選項分析：
(A) find difficult stopping drinking：缺少形式受詞 it，且 find difficult 後直接接動名詞不符合句型。錯誤。
(B) finding it difficult to stop drinking：分詞形式，無法作為 if 子句的限定動詞。錯誤。
第 12 題2 分
A man ____ in connection with the robbery.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：現在完成式被動語態 has been + 過去分詞，以及 arrest 作為及物動詞的被動用法。
解題方法：句意為「一名男子因與該起搶劫案有關而被逮捕」。主詞 A man 是被逮捕的對象，應使用被動語態，且有 in connection with 的完成語意，故用 has been arrested。
選項分析：
(A) has been arrested：現在完成式被動語態，主詞為被逮捕者，正確。
(B) has arrested：主動語態，表示該男子逮捕他人，語意錯誤，且缺少受詞。
第 13 題2 分
Chomsky, ____ and political activist, is returning to Tucson to teach a seven-week politics course at the University of Arizona.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：同位語（appositive）結構。句中 Chomsky, ____ and political activist, is returning... 的插入語，用來補充說明 Chomsky 的身分。
解題方法：Chomsky 後方的插入語應為名詞片語，作為 Chomsky 的同位語，因此需要 a renowned linguist and political activist（一位知名語言學家兼政治運動者）這類名詞片語。
選項分析：
(A) who a renowned linguistic：關係代名詞 who 後缺少動詞，且 linguistic 為形容詞，錯誤。
(B) a renowned linguist：名詞片語作同位語，與 political activist 並列，語法完整。正確。
第 14 題2 分
I thought that I had a very bad boss, but I think that my friend’s boss is even ____.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：比較級的用法。前句說 I had a very bad boss（我的老闆很糟），後句 even ____ 表示「甚至更糟」，需要比較級。
解題方法：比較對象是「我朋友的老闆」與「我的老闆」，句中有 even（更）加強語氣，應用比較級 worse（更糟的）。
選項分析：
(A) worse：bad 的比較級，搭配 even 表示「甚至更糟」。正確。
(B) worser：不存在的形式，為 worse 的誤用。錯誤。
第 15 題2 分
Temperature, the crucial weather element to measure, is probably ____ used than any other kind of data.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：副詞修飾過去分詞。句中 is probably ____ used than any other kind of data，空格修飾的是過去分詞 used，因此需要副詞，並且要用比較級，因為句中有 than。
解題方法：比較結構 more ... than any other 表示「比任何其他資料更常被使用」。修飾動詞或分詞的應是副詞，且比較級副詞為 more frequently。
選項分析：
(A) frequent：形容詞，不能修飾過去分詞 used。錯誤。
(B) frequently：副詞原級，缺少比較意味，無法與 than 搭配。
第 16 題2 分
This company has reported over $20 billion in direct costs ____ the grounding of its aircraft. This figure does not encompass the tens of billions lost in sales revenue and increased interest expenses due to rising debts.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：分詞片語作後置修飾。resulting from ... 修飾前方名詞 direct costs（直接成本），表示「因停飛而產生的成本」。
解題方法：題幹句子結構為 over
第 17 題2 分
____ for 40 years, my father found it difficult to quit.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：分詞構句（participial phrase）的主詞需與主要子句一致，且要依語態與時態選擇 V-ing、having + p.p.、being + p.p. 等形式。
解題方法：主要子句為 my father found it difficult to quit（父親發現戒菸困難）。空格後的 for 40 years 表示吸菸已持續一段時間，且發生在主要動作之前，因此應使用完成式分詞片語 Having smoked，主詞為 my father，語意正確。
選項分析：
(A) He smoke：限定動詞加主詞，構成完整子句，與前方的時間片語不能連接，且動詞應為 smoked。錯誤。
第 18 題2 分
I ____ the book by the bed and went to sleep.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：lie（躺，不及物，lie-lay-lain）與 lay（放置，及物，lay-laid-laid）的區別。
解題方法：句意為「我把書放在床邊，然後去睡覺」。動作是「把書放下」，需要及物動詞，且有受詞 the book，因此選 lay 的過去式 laid。
選項分析：
(A) lie：躺、位於，不及物，且現在式不符合過去語境。錯誤。
(B) lay：是 lie 的過去式（躺），不及物，無法接受詞 the book，也不符合放置之義。錯誤。
第 19 題2 分
If the donation ____ made, extensive renovations would not have been carried out on the property.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：假設語氣中的第三類條件句（對過去事實的假設）：If + had + p.p.，主要子句 would/could/might have + p.p.。
解題方法：主要子句 would not have been carried out（就不會進行翻修）為過去完成式的假設結論，因此 if 子句需使用 had + p.p.，且語意為否定，故選 had not been made。
選項分析：
(A) be not：原形動詞，時態與假設語氣皆不符。錯誤。
(B) has not been：現在完成式，不用於此類假設句的 if 子句。錯誤。
第 20 題2 分
Seniors are nutritionally healthy, ____.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：獨立主格（absolute construction）。名詞加分詞或名詞加名詞片語，作為補充說明，與主要子句以逗號隔開，不另加連接詞。
解題方法：前句 Seniors are nutritionally healthy（老年人營養狀況良好）為完整子句，後方需補充說明「唯一不足之處是熱量攝取偏低」。the only shortfall being fairly low caloric intake 即為獨立主格，語意與文法皆正確。
選項分析：
(A) the only shortfall is fairly low caloric intake：兩個完整子句以逗號相連，形成逗號連接錯誤（comma splice）。錯誤。
(B) with the only shortfall is caloric intake low：with 的結構中，caloric intake low 語序錯誤，且 is 與 with 不相容。錯誤。
第 21 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
In the past, demand for the birds’ beautiful feathers resulted in a huge amount of hunting. At the peak of the trade, in the early 1900s, 80,000 skins a year were exported from New Guinea for European ladies’ hats. ____(21) surprisingly few birds die for these costumes nowadays. Ceremonial feathers are passed down from generation to generation. Local people are still permitted to hunt birds of paradise for traditional uses. However, hunters usually target older male birds, ____(22) younger males to continue breeding.
There are more serious ____(23) to the birds’ welfare. Large farms use up thousands of hectares of forest where birds of paradise once lived, ____(24) large-scale industrial logging. Oil prospecting and mining also present dangers to New Guinea’s wildest forests. ____(25), human populations continue to grow. Land is owned by different local families whose leaders disagree about which areas should be protected.
第 21 題：請選出最適當的選項，填入 ____(21) 處。
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：連接副詞（transitional adverb）的語意判斷。空格位於句首，連接前後兩句的語意關係。
解題方法：前句說過去獵殺極多，即 demand for the birds' beautiful feathers resulted in a huge amount of hunting（對羽毛的需求導致大量獵殺）。後句說 surprisingly few birds die for these costumes nowadays（如今為這些服飾而死的鳥出奇地少）。前後為對比關係，應選表示轉折的 However。
第 22 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
In the past, demand for the birds’ beautiful feathers resulted in a huge amount of hunting. At the peak of the trade, in the early 1900s, 80,000 skins a year were exported from New Guinea for European ladies’ hats. ____(21) surprisingly few birds die for these costumes nowadays. Ceremonial feathers are passed down from generation to generation. Local people are still permitted to hunt birds of paradise for traditional uses. However, hunters usually target older male birds, ____(22) younger males to continue breeding.
There are more serious ____(23) to the birds’ welfare. Large farms use up thousands of hectares of forest where birds of paradise once lived, ____(24) large-scale industrial logging. Oil prospecting and mining also present dangers to New Guinea’s wildest forests. ____(25), human populations continue to grow. Land is owned by different local families whose leaders disagree about which areas should be protected.
第 22 題：請選出最適當的選項，填入 ____(22) 處。
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：分詞構句表示結果。句子 hunters usually target older male birds, ____ younger males to continue breeding，空格引導的是伴隨或結果的補充說明。
解題方法：獵人通常鎖定年長雄鳥，其結果是年輕雄鳥得以留下繼續繁殖。這種結果關係應使用現在分詞 leaving，形成分詞構句。
選項分析：
(A) leave：原形動詞，前方無法構成合理結構。錯誤。
(B) leaving：現在分詞，表示結果，語意與文法正確。正確。
第 23 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
In the past, demand for the birds’ beautiful feathers resulted in a huge amount of hunting. At the peak of the trade, in the early 1900s, 80,000 skins a year were exported from New Guinea for European ladies’ hats. ____(21) surprisingly few birds die for these costumes nowadays. Ceremonial feathers are passed down from generation to generation. Local people are still permitted to hunt birds of paradise for traditional uses. However, hunters usually target older male birds, ____(22) younger males to continue breeding.
There are more serious ____(23) to the birds’ welfare. Large farms use up thousands of hectares of forest where birds of paradise once lived, ____(24) large-scale industrial logging. Oil prospecting and mining also present dangers to New Guinea’s wildest forests. ____(25), human populations continue to grow. Land is owned by different local families whose leaders disagree about which areas should be protected.
第 23 題：請選出最適當的選項，填入 ____(23) 處。
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：There are + 形容詞 + 名詞。空格前有 more serious，後接 to the birds' welfare（對鳥類福祉的），因此需要名詞作主詞。
解題方法：There are more serious ____ 的句型中，more serious 為形容詞修飾語，空格需為名詞且為複數，故選 threats（威脅）。語意上，文章接著描述森林砍伐、採礦等對鳥類的危害，因此為「威脅」。
選項分析：
(A) threats：複數名詞，符合 there are 的句型，語意為威脅。正確。
第 24 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
In the past, demand for the birds’ beautiful feathers resulted in a huge amount of hunting. At the peak of the trade, in the early 1900s, 80,000 skins a year were exported from New Guinea for European ladies’ hats. ____(21) surprisingly few birds die for these costumes nowadays. Ceremonial feathers are passed down from generation to generation. Local people are still permitted to hunt birds of paradise for traditional uses. However, hunters usually target older male birds, ____(22) younger males to continue breeding.
There are more serious ____(23) to the birds’ welfare. Large farms use up thousands of hectares of forest where birds of paradise once lived, ____(24) large-scale industrial logging. Oil prospecting and mining also present dangers to New Guinea’s wildest forests. ____(25), human populations continue to grow. Land is owned by different local families whose leaders disagree about which areas should be protected.
第 24 題：請選出最適當的選項，填入 ____(24) 處。
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：so + 助動詞／代動詞 + 主詞 的倒裝結構，表示「某人或某事也是如此」。前句主要動詞 use up 的代動詞為 does。
解題方法：前句說大型農場耗用了數千公頃鳥類原本棲息的森林，空格後的 large-scale industrial logging（大規模工業伐木）也是造成森林消失的行為，因此需表示「同樣地也」，並以助動詞替代前面的動詞，選 so does。
選項分析：
(A) so was：be 動詞的倒裝，與 use up 不相符。錯誤。
(B) so is：be 動詞的倒裝，語意與動詞不符。錯誤。
第 25 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
In the past, demand for the birds’ beautiful feathers resulted in a huge amount of hunting. At the peak of the trade, in the early 1900s, 80,000 skins a year were exported from New Guinea for European ladies’ hats. ____(21) surprisingly few birds die for these costumes nowadays. Ceremonial feathers are passed down from generation to generation. Local people are still permitted to hunt birds of paradise for traditional uses. However, hunters usually target older male birds, ____(22) younger males to continue breeding.
There are more serious ____(23) to the birds’ welfare. Large farms use up thousands of hectares of forest where birds of paradise once lived, ____(24) large-scale industrial logging. Oil prospecting and mining also present dangers to New Guinea’s wildest forests. ____(25), human populations continue to grow. Land is owned by different local families whose leaders disagree about which areas should be protected.
第 25 題：請選出最適當的選項，填入 ____(25) 處。
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：連接副詞的語意判斷，尤其是表示「同時發生」的時序關係。
解題方法：前句說明森林與鳥類受到開發威脅，空格後的句子說 human populations continue to grow（人口持續增加）。兩件事同時發生，且後句是獨立子句，應選表示同時進行的 Meanwhile。
選項分析：
(A) As such：照此、就其本身而言，表示結論或身分，與語意不符。錯誤。
(B) Whereas：然而、反之，為從屬連接詞，後接完整子句並與另一子句形成對比，此處後方沒有與之相對的主要子句，文法不合。錯誤。
第 26 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
It’s too soon to say whether Google’s and Facebook’s attempts to clamp down on fake news will have a significant impact. But ____(26) stories posing as serious journalism are not likely to go away as they have become a means for some writers to make money and potentially influence public opinion. ____(27) Americans recognize that fake news causes confusion about current issues and events, they continue to circulate it. A December 2016 survey by the Pew Research Center suggests that 23 percent of U.S. adults have shared fake news, knowingly or unknowingly, with friends and others.
“Fake news” is a term that can mean different things, depending on the context. News ____(28) is often called fake news, as are parodies such as the “Saturday Night Live” mock newscast Weekend Update. ____(29) of the fake news that flooded the internet during the 2016 election season consisted of written pieces and recorded segments promoting false information or perpetuating conspiracy theories. Some news organizations published reports spotlighting examples of ____(30), fake news and misinformation on Election Day 2016.
第 26 題：請選出最適當的選項，填入 ____(26) 處。
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：動詞過去分詞作形容詞，修飾名詞 stories（故事、報導）。posing as serious journalism 表示假冒成嚴肅新聞的故事，因此需要表示「偽造的」的形容詞。
解題方法：本段討論假新聞難以消失，因為它們被用來賺錢與影響輿論，因此修飾 stories 的詞應表示「捏造、偽造」。fabricated（偽造的、捏造的）最符合語意。
選項分析：
(A) gnawed：啃咬過的，與題意不合。錯誤。
(B) fabricated：捏造的、偽造的，修飾 stories 語意正確。正確。
(C) blockade：封鎖、封鎖線，為名詞，語意不合。錯誤。
第 27 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
It’s too soon to say whether Google’s and Facebook’s attempts to clamp down on fake news will have a significant impact. But ____(26) stories posing as serious journalism are not likely to go away as they have become a means for some writers to make money and potentially influence public opinion. ____(27) Americans recognize that fake news causes confusion about current issues and events, they continue to circulate it. A December 2016 survey by the Pew Research Center suggests that 23 percent of U.S. adults have shared fake news, knowingly or unknowingly, with friends and others.
“Fake news” is a term that can mean different things, depending on the context. News ____(28) is often called fake news, as are parodies such as the “Saturday Night Live” mock newscast Weekend Update. ____(29) of the fake news that flooded the internet during the 2016 election season consisted of written pieces and recorded segments promoting false information or perpetuating conspiracy theories. Some news organizations published reports spotlighting examples of ____(30), fake news and misinformation on Election Day 2016.
第 27 題：請選出最適當的選項，填入 ____(27) 處。
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：讓步連接詞的用法。Even as 表示「即使在…的同時」，引導的子句與主要子句形成對比。
解題方法：前後句的語意是「美國人認知到假新聞會造成混亂，卻仍繼續散布」。這是讓步與對比關係，因此需要表示「儘管、即使」的連接詞，且後方接完整子句，應選 Even as。
選項分析：
(A) Owing to：由於，後接名詞片語，表示因果，與語意相反。錯誤。
(B) In spite of：儘管，後接名詞或動名詞，後方為完整子句，文法不合。錯誤。
第 28 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
It’s too soon to say whether Google’s and Facebook’s attempts to clamp down on fake news will have a significant impact. But ____(26) stories posing as serious journalism are not likely to go away as they have become a means for some writers to make money and potentially influence public opinion. ____(27) Americans recognize that fake news causes confusion about current issues and events, they continue to circulate it. A December 2016 survey by the Pew Research Center suggests that 23 percent of U.S. adults have shared fake news, knowingly or unknowingly, with friends and others.
“Fake news” is a term that can mean different things, depending on the context. News ____(28) is often called fake news, as are parodies such as the “Saturday Night Live” mock newscast Weekend Update. ____(29) of the fake news that flooded the internet during the 2016 election season consisted of written pieces and recorded segments promoting false information or perpetuating conspiracy theories. Some news organizations published reports spotlighting examples of ____(30), fake news and misinformation on Election Day 2016.
第 28 題：請選出最適當的選項，填入 ____(28) 處。
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：文體詞彙。satire（諷刺作品）與 parody（仿作、戲仿）同屬諷刺性質作品，這類作品常被人稱為假新聞。
解題方法：句中說 News ____ is often called fake news, as are parodies such as the "Saturday Night Live" mock newscast Weekend Update（新聞諷刺通常被稱為假新聞，仿作也是如此）。as are parodies 表示「仿作也一樣被如此稱呼」，因此前方應為同類的諷刺作品，選 satire。
第 29 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
It’s too soon to say whether Google’s and Facebook’s attempts to clamp down on fake news will have a significant impact. But ____(26) stories posing as serious journalism are not likely to go away as they have become a means for some writers to make money and potentially influence public opinion. ____(27) Americans recognize that fake news causes confusion about current issues and events, they continue to circulate it. A December 2016 survey by the Pew Research Center suggests that 23 percent of U.S. adults have shared fake news, knowingly or unknowingly, with friends and others.
“Fake news” is a term that can mean different things, depending on the context. News ____(28) is often called fake news, as are parodies such as the “Saturday Night Live” mock newscast Weekend Update. ____(29) of the fake news that flooded the internet during the 2016 election season consisted of written pieces and recorded segments promoting false information or perpetuating conspiracy theories. Some news organizations published reports spotlighting examples of ____(30), fake news and misinformation on Election Day 2016.
第 29 題：請選出最適當的選項，填入 ____(29) 處。
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：Much of 與 many of、a lot of 的用法差異。fake news 為不可數名詞，應搭配 much 或 a lot of 一類詞語。
解題方法：空格後為 of the fake news that flooded the internet（充斥網路的假新聞），fake news 不可數，因此修飾詞應為 much。句意為「充斥網路的假新聞大多由文章與錄影片段組成」。
選項分析：
(A) Much：修飾不可數名詞，搭配 of 表示部分，正確。
(B) Many：修飾可數名詞，與不可數名詞 fake news 不搭配。錯誤。
第 30 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
It’s too soon to say whether Google’s and Facebook’s attempts to clamp down on fake news will have a significant impact. But ____(26) stories posing as serious journalism are not likely to go away as they have become a means for some writers to make money and potentially influence public opinion. ____(27) Americans recognize that fake news causes confusion about current issues and events, they continue to circulate it. A December 2016 survey by the Pew Research Center suggests that 23 percent of U.S. adults have shared fake news, knowingly or unknowingly, with friends and others.
“Fake news” is a term that can mean different things, depending on the context. News ____(28) is often called fake news, as are parodies such as the “Saturday Night Live” mock newscast Weekend Update. ____(29) of the fake news that flooded the internet during the 2016 election season consisted of written pieces and recorded segments promoting false information or perpetuating conspiracy theories. Some news organizations published reports spotlighting examples of ____(30), fake news and misinformation on Election Day 2016.
第 30 題：請選出最適當的選項，填入 ____(30) 處。
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：同類名詞並列。空格後有 fake news and misinformation（假新聞與錯誤資訊），表示空格所填名詞應與之同屬「不實資訊」的類別。
解題方法：句意為「部分新聞機構發布報導，列舉選舉日的 ____、假新聞與錯誤資訊的例子」。空格需為表示「騙局、惡作劇」的名詞，且與 fake news、misinformation 並列。hoaxes（騙局、惡作劇）最符合語意。
第 31 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Euphemisms are frequently employed when speakers wish to avoid direct discussion of ____(31) topics or to soften their impact. These topics often include death, sex, bodily functions, and body parts. Examples of euphemisms for avoidance include phrases like “seeing a man about a horse” for using the restroom, “kicking the bucket” for ____(32), and “rolling in the hay” for sexual intercourse.
Euphemisms also serve to lessen the harshness or ____(33) of certain realities such as economic injustices, war crimes, and death. Examples of euphemisms for alleviation include “letting someone go” instead of ____(34) an employee, “collateral damage” for civilian casualties, and “in a better place” to refer to someone who has passed away.
In addition, personification is a common type of euphemisms. Personification allows uncomfortable topics to be discussed more easily by giving them a personal name ____(35) a technical name. For example, “a visit from Aunt Flo” refers to menstruation.
第 31 題：請選出最適當的選項，填入 ____(31) 處。
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：形容詞搭配。空格修飾 topics（話題），前文說 euphemisms are employed when speakers wish to avoid direct discussion of ____ topics（說話者想避免直接討論某些話題時，會使用委婉語）。
解題方法：該段說明這些話題包括死亡、性、身體機能與身體部位，它們屬於令人不自在的話題，因此空格應填入表示「敏感的」形容詞。sensitive topics 為常見用語。
第 32 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Euphemisms are frequently employed when speakers wish to avoid direct discussion of ____(31) topics or to soften their impact. These topics often include death, sex, bodily functions, and body parts. Examples of euphemisms for avoidance include phrases like “seeing a man about a horse” for using the restroom, “kicking the bucket” for ____(32), and “rolling in the hay” for sexual intercourse.
Euphemisms also serve to lessen the harshness or ____(33) of certain realities such as economic injustices, war crimes, and death. Examples of euphemisms for alleviation include “letting someone go” instead of ____(34) an employee, “collateral damage” for civilian casualties, and “in a better place” to refer to someone who has passed away.
In addition, personification is a common type of euphemisms. Personification allows uncomfortable topics to be discussed more easily by giving them a personal name ____(35) a technical name. For example, “a visit from Aunt Flo” refers to menstruation.
第 32 題：請選出最適當的選項，填入 ____(32) 處。
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：委婉語的解讀。kicking the bucket 是英文中「死亡」的委婉說法，與 seeing a man about a horse（去上廁所）同屬避諱用語。
解題方法：前句提到委婉語用於避免直接討論的話題，且該段列舉的是死亡、性、身體機能等。kicking the bucket 為 die 的委婉說法，因此空格應填入 dying（垂死、死亡）。
第 33 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Euphemisms are frequently employed when speakers wish to avoid direct discussion of ____(31) topics or to soften their impact. These topics often include death, sex, bodily functions, and body parts. Examples of euphemisms for avoidance include phrases like “seeing a man about a horse” for using the restroom, “kicking the bucket” for ____(32), and “rolling in the hay” for sexual intercourse.
Euphemisms also serve to lessen the harshness or ____(33) of certain realities such as economic injustices, war crimes, and death. Examples of euphemisms for alleviation include “letting someone go” instead of ____(34) an employee, “collateral damage” for civilian casualties, and “in a better place” to refer to someone who has passed away.
In addition, personification is a common type of euphemisms. Personification allows uncomfortable topics to be discussed more easily by giving them a personal name ____(35) a technical name. For example, “a visit from Aunt Flo” refers to menstruation.
第 33 題：請選出最適當的選項，填入 ____(33) 處。
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：名詞搭配與語意對應。lessen the harshness or ____ of certain realities（減輕某些現實的嚴酷或嚴重性）。
解題方法：句中 lessen（減輕）與 harshness（嚴酷）並列，空格需與之同義或並列，表示「嚴重程度」。後面舉例經濟不公、戰爭罪行與死亡，皆屬嚴重事件，因此選 severity（嚴重性）。
第 34 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Euphemisms are frequently employed when speakers wish to avoid direct discussion of ____(31) topics or to soften their impact. These topics often include death, sex, bodily functions, and body parts. Examples of euphemisms for avoidance include phrases like “seeing a man about a horse” for using the restroom, “kicking the bucket” for ____(32), and “rolling in the hay” for sexual intercourse.
Euphemisms also serve to lessen the harshness or ____(33) of certain realities such as economic injustices, war crimes, and death. Examples of euphemisms for alleviation include “letting someone go” instead of ____(34) an employee, “collateral damage” for civilian casualties, and “in a better place” to refer to someone who has passed away.
In addition, personification is a common type of euphemisms. Personification allows uncomfortable topics to be discussed more easily by giving them a personal name ____(35) a technical name. For example, “a visit from Aunt Flo” refers to menstruation.
第 34 題：請選出最適當的選項，填入 ____(34) 處。
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：委婉語的實例。letting someone go 是 fire（解僱）的委婉說法，表示讓員工離職。
解題方法：句子為 "letting someone go" instead of ____ an employee（以 letting someone go 代替 ____ 員工）。let go 指讓人離開工作，等同解僱，因此空格應填 firing（解僱）。
第 35 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Euphemisms are frequently employed when speakers wish to avoid direct discussion of ____(31) topics or to soften their impact. These topics often include death, sex, bodily functions, and body parts. Examples of euphemisms for avoidance include phrases like “seeing a man about a horse” for using the restroom, “kicking the bucket” for ____(32), and “rolling in the hay” for sexual intercourse.
Euphemisms also serve to lessen the harshness or ____(33) of certain realities such as economic injustices, war crimes, and death. Examples of euphemisms for alleviation include “letting someone go” instead of ____(34) an employee, “collateral damage” for civilian casualties, and “in a better place” to refer to someone who has passed away.
In addition, personification is a common type of euphemisms. Personification allows uncomfortable topics to be discussed more easily by giving them a personal name ____(35) a technical name. For example, “a visit from Aunt Flo” refers to menstruation.
第 35 題：請選出最適當的選項，填入 ____(35) 處。
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：比較與對照的連接用語。句子為 giving them a personal name ____ a technical name，表示「給它一個個人化的名字，而非技術性名稱」。
解題方法：前後兩者 personal name 與 technical name 形成對立，表示選擇其一而不選另一。rather than 表示「而非、而不是」，語意與文法皆正確。
選項分析：
(A) compared to：與…相比，表示比較，但不表示取代或選擇。語意不符。錯誤。
(B) in contrast：相反地，後方通常需接 with 或成為獨立連接副詞，此處文法不合。錯誤。
第 36 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
The United States is a nation of immigrants, and the patterns of immigration as well as the reasons people immigrate vary substantially. A common characteristic among the majority of immigrant families, however, is stress associated with immigration. Many of the values, beliefs, and strategies that immigrant families and individuals have followed in order to function successfully in their home cultures differ from U.S. norms. An immigrant family’s system will experience stress to the extent that members find that strategies they have used in the past to accomplish family tasks are not as effective in the social, economic, and political contexts of the United States. Therefore, in addition to the normative and non-normative stressors that families encounter, immigrant families experience unique stress and change related to migration and acculturation.
Acculturation—the process of adjusting to a new culture or society—involves potential changes in identity, values, behaviors, attitudes, interactions, and relationships. All family systems have their own unique rules that define appropriate behaviors and interactions that are influenced by cultural and ethnic values as well as socioeconomic status and other sociodemographic factors. As family members encounter stress or pressure to change, the family system also experiences pressure to change. Family systems theory highlights the importance of interactions among individuals and family subsystems and the resultant meanings and structures that emerged out of these interactions.
Thus, changes within a family are viewed as being processed by the entire family system, rather than by a single member. Moreover, stress is viewed as an agent of change rather than as inherently negative.
As a family system changes, individual family members change their ways of interacting in accordance with the new rules for interaction. For example, it is fairly common for Mexican immigrants to the United States to experience “family stage migration” in which one or two family members immigrate at a time. For example, in the vignette, a case study, Jaime immigrated first, leaving Maria and children behind, thus creating the need for changes in family strategies. As a man on his own, Jaime had accomplished many tasks—such as laundry, cooking, and other chores—typically performed by his wife. In turn, Maria, who was the de facto head of the family’s household while in Mexico, had to perform many of the roles she previously shared with her husband (e.g. socialization and discipline of children) alone, as well as family tasks that had been her husband’s sole responsibility (e.g. managing the family’s finances). When Maria and the children eventually arrived in the United States, Jaime’s and Maria’s roles had to be renegotiated, resulting in something entirely new.
The effects of acculturation are complicated by other factors as well, including family members being at different stages in the acculturation process. Some members (particularly children) may assimilate rapidly, adopting values and beliefs of the mainstream U.S. culture. Some members may experience separation; that is, they may retain the values and beliefs of their cultures of origin and reject those of the mainstream U.S. culture. The most common form of adaptation among immigrants is integration, or the blending of aspects of both the home culture and the new culture, as most immigrants find it impractical to ignore the practices of their host country and find it comforting to retain some of the traditions of their homelands.
第 36 題：Which of the following is true about immigrant families’ values and U.S. norms?
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：題目問的是移民家庭的價值觀與美國規範之間的關係，屬於細節判讀題。
解題方法：第一段原文 Many of the values, beliefs, and strategies that immigrant families and individuals have followed in order to function successfully in their home cultures differ from U.S. norms（許多移民家庭在原生文化中為成功運作而遵循的價值觀、信念與策略，與美國規範不同）。因此可知移民家庭的價值觀通常與美國規範不同。
選項分析：
(A) They are identical：完全相同，與原文不符。錯誤。
第 37 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
The United States is a nation of immigrants, and the patterns of immigration as well as the reasons people immigrate vary substantially. A common characteristic among the majority of immigrant families, however, is stress associated with immigration. Many of the values, beliefs, and strategies that immigrant families and individuals have followed in order to function successfully in their home cultures differ from U.S. norms. An immigrant family’s system will experience stress to the extent that members find that strategies they have used in the past to accomplish family tasks are not as effective in the social, economic, and political contexts of the United States. Therefore, in addition to the normative and non-normative stressors that families encounter, immigrant families experience unique stress and change related to migration and acculturation.
Acculturation—the process of adjusting to a new culture or society—involves potential changes in identity, values, behaviors, attitudes, interactions, and relationships. All family systems have their own unique rules that define appropriate behaviors and interactions that are influenced by cultural and ethnic values as well as socioeconomic status and other sociodemographic factors. As family members encounter stress or pressure to change, the family system also experiences pressure to change. Family systems theory highlights the importance of interactions among individuals and family subsystems and the resultant meanings and structures that emerged out of these interactions.
Thus, changes within a family are viewed as being processed by the entire family system, rather than by a single member. Moreover, stress is viewed as an agent of change rather than as inherently negative.
As a family system changes, individual family members change their ways of interacting in accordance with the new rules for interaction. For example, it is fairly common for Mexican immigrants to the United States to experience “family stage migration” in which one or two family members immigrate at a time. For example, in the vignette, a case study, Jaime immigrated first, leaving Maria and children behind, thus creating the need for changes in family strategies. As a man on his own, Jaime had accomplished many tasks—such as laundry, cooking, and other chores—typically performed by his wife. In turn, Maria, who was the de facto head of the family’s household while in Mexico, had to perform many of the roles she previously shared with her husband (e.g. socialization and discipline of children) alone, as well as family tasks that had been her husband’s sole responsibility (e.g. managing the family’s finances). When Maria and the children eventually arrived in the United States, Jaime’s and Maria’s roles had to be renegotiated, resulting in something entirely new.
The effects of acculturation are complicated by other factors as well, including family members being at different stages in the acculturation process. Some members (particularly children) may assimilate rapidly, adopting values and beliefs of the mainstream U.S. culture. Some members may experience separation; that is, they may retain the values and beliefs of their cultures of origin and reject those of the mainstream U.S. culture. The most common form of adaptation among immigrants is integration, or the blending of aspects of both the home culture and the new culture, as most immigrants find it impractical to ignore the practices of their host country and find it comforting to retain some of the traditions of their homelands.
第 37 題：According to family systems theory, how are changes within a family viewed?
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：家庭系統理論（family systems theory）的觀點。家庭變化被視為由整個家庭系統共同處理，而非由單一成員決定。
解題方法：第三段原文 changes within a family are viewed as being processed by the entire family system, rather than by a single member（家庭內的變化被視為由整個家庭系統處理，而非單一成員）。因此正確選項應表示「受整體家庭的集體動態影響」。
選項分析：
(A) As influenced by the collective dynamics of the entire family unit：受整個家庭單位的集體動態影響，與原文一致。正確。
(B) As driven by stress which jeopardizes the process of adjusting：認為壓力危害調適，與原文「壓力是改變的推動力、不一定是負面」相反。錯誤。
第 38 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
The United States is a nation of immigrants, and the patterns of immigration as well as the reasons people immigrate vary substantially. A common characteristic among the majority of immigrant families, however, is stress associated with immigration. Many of the values, beliefs, and strategies that immigrant families and individuals have followed in order to function successfully in their home cultures differ from U.S. norms. An immigrant family’s system will experience stress to the extent that members find that strategies they have used in the past to accomplish family tasks are not as effective in the social, economic, and political contexts of the United States. Therefore, in addition to the normative and non-normative stressors that families encounter, immigrant families experience unique stress and change related to migration and acculturation.
Acculturation—the process of adjusting to a new culture or society—involves potential changes in identity, values, behaviors, attitudes, interactions, and relationships. All family systems have their own unique rules that define appropriate behaviors and interactions that are influenced by cultural and ethnic values as well as socioeconomic status and other sociodemographic factors. As family members encounter stress or pressure to change, the family system also experiences pressure to change. Family systems theory highlights the importance of interactions among individuals and family subsystems and the resultant meanings and structures that emerged out of these interactions.
Thus, changes within a family are viewed as being processed by the entire family system, rather than by a single member. Moreover, stress is viewed as an agent of change rather than as inherently negative.
As a family system changes, individual family members change their ways of interacting in accordance with the new rules for interaction. For example, it is fairly common for Mexican immigrants to the United States to experience “family stage migration” in which one or two family members immigrate at a time. For example, in the vignette, a case study, Jaime immigrated first, leaving Maria and children behind, thus creating the need for changes in family strategies. As a man on his own, Jaime had accomplished many tasks—such as laundry, cooking, and other chores—typically performed by his wife. In turn, Maria, who was the de facto head of the family’s household while in Mexico, had to perform many of the roles she previously shared with her husband (e.g. socialization and discipline of children) alone, as well as family tasks that had been her husband’s sole responsibility (e.g. managing the family’s finances). When Maria and the children eventually arrived in the United States, Jaime’s and Maria’s roles had to be renegotiated, resulting in something entirely new.
The effects of acculturation are complicated by other factors as well, including family members being at different stages in the acculturation process. Some members (particularly children) may assimilate rapidly, adopting values and beliefs of the mainstream U.S. culture. Some members may experience separation; that is, they may retain the values and beliefs of their cultures of origin and reject those of the mainstream U.S. culture. The most common form of adaptation among immigrants is integration, or the blending of aspects of both the home culture and the new culture, as most immigrants find it impractical to ignore the practices of their host country and find it comforting to retain some of the traditions of their homelands.
第 38 題：Which of the following is NOT true according to the last paragraph?
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：NOT true 題型。需逐一核對最後一段的內容，找出與原文相反或原文未提及的選項。
解題方法：最後一段（第五段）原文提到：某些成員可能經歷 separation（分離，保留原文化、拒絕主流文化），有些成員可能 assimilate rapidly（迅速同化），且家庭成員處於不同的 acculturation 階段。但最常見的調適方式是 integration（融合），即兩種文化的融合，因此「融合不存在」的說法與原文相反。
選項分析：
(A) Some family members may experience separation：原文提到 Some members may experience separation，為正確陳述，故非答案。錯誤。
(B) Some family members may experience rapid assimilation：原文提到 assimilate rapidly，為正確陳述，故非答案。錯誤。
第 39 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
The United States is a nation of immigrants, and the patterns of immigration as well as the reasons people immigrate vary substantially. A common characteristic among the majority of immigrant families, however, is stress associated with immigration. Many of the values, beliefs, and strategies that immigrant families and individuals have followed in order to function successfully in their home cultures differ from U.S. norms. An immigrant family’s system will experience stress to the extent that members find that strategies they have used in the past to accomplish family tasks are not as effective in the social, economic, and political contexts of the United States. Therefore, in addition to the normative and non-normative stressors that families encounter, immigrant families experience unique stress and change related to migration and acculturation.
Acculturation—the process of adjusting to a new culture or society—involves potential changes in identity, values, behaviors, attitudes, interactions, and relationships. All family systems have their own unique rules that define appropriate behaviors and interactions that are influenced by cultural and ethnic values as well as socioeconomic status and other sociodemographic factors. As family members encounter stress or pressure to change, the family system also experiences pressure to change. Family systems theory highlights the importance of interactions among individuals and family subsystems and the resultant meanings and structures that emerged out of these interactions.
Thus, changes within a family are viewed as being processed by the entire family system, rather than by a single member. Moreover, stress is viewed as an agent of change rather than as inherently negative.
As a family system changes, individual family members change their ways of interacting in accordance with the new rules for interaction. For example, it is fairly common for Mexican immigrants to the United States to experience “family stage migration” in which one or two family members immigrate at a time. For example, in the vignette, a case study, Jaime immigrated first, leaving Maria and children behind, thus creating the need for changes in family strategies. As a man on his own, Jaime had accomplished many tasks—such as laundry, cooking, and other chores—typically performed by his wife. In turn, Maria, who was the de facto head of the family’s household while in Mexico, had to perform many of the roles she previously shared with her husband (e.g. socialization and discipline of children) alone, as well as family tasks that had been her husband’s sole responsibility (e.g. managing the family’s finances). When Maria and the children eventually arrived in the United States, Jaime’s and Maria’s roles had to be renegotiated, resulting in something entirely new.
The effects of acculturation are complicated by other factors as well, including family members being at different stages in the acculturation process. Some members (particularly children) may assimilate rapidly, adopting values and beliefs of the mainstream U.S. culture. Some members may experience separation; that is, they may retain the values and beliefs of their cultures of origin and reject those of the mainstream U.S. culture. The most common form of adaptation among immigrants is integration, or the blending of aspects of both the home culture and the new culture, as most immigrants find it impractical to ignore the practices of their host country and find it comforting to retain some of the traditions of their homelands.
第 39 題：Which adaptation approach is most common among immigrants, as discussed in the passage?
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：細節題，找出移民最常見的調適方式。
解題方法：最後一段原文 The most common form of adaptation among immigrants is integration, or the blending of aspects of both the home culture and the new culture（移民最常見的調適形式是融合，即原生文化與新文化各方面的結合）。因此答案為 integration。
選項分析：
(A) Separation：分離，原文提到的是某些成員的做法，並非最常見。錯誤。
(B) Integration：融合，原文明確指出為最常見形式。
第 40 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
The United States is a nation of immigrants, and the patterns of immigration as well as the reasons people immigrate vary substantially. A common characteristic among the majority of immigrant families, however, is stress associated with immigration. Many of the values, beliefs, and strategies that immigrant families and individuals have followed in order to function successfully in their home cultures differ from U.S. norms. An immigrant family’s system will experience stress to the extent that members find that strategies they have used in the past to accomplish family tasks are not as effective in the social, economic, and political contexts of the United States. Therefore, in addition to the normative and non-normative stressors that families encounter, immigrant families experience unique stress and change related to migration and acculturation.
Acculturation—the process of adjusting to a new culture or society—involves potential changes in identity, values, behaviors, attitudes, interactions, and relationships. All family systems have their own unique rules that define appropriate behaviors and interactions that are influenced by cultural and ethnic values as well as socioeconomic status and other sociodemographic factors. As family members encounter stress or pressure to change, the family system also experiences pressure to change. Family systems theory highlights the importance of interactions among individuals and family subsystems and the resultant meanings and structures that emerged out of these interactions.
Thus, changes within a family are viewed as being processed by the entire family system, rather than by a single member. Moreover, stress is viewed as an agent of change rather than as inherently negative.
As a family system changes, individual family members change their ways of interacting in accordance with the new rules for interaction. For example, it is fairly common for Mexican immigrants to the United States to experience “family stage migration” in which one or two family members immigrate at a time. For example, in the vignette, a case study, Jaime immigrated first, leaving Maria and children behind, thus creating the need for changes in family strategies. As a man on his own, Jaime had accomplished many tasks—such as laundry, cooking, and other chores—typically performed by his wife. In turn, Maria, who was the de facto head of the family’s household while in Mexico, had to perform many of the roles she previously shared with her husband (e.g. socialization and discipline of children) alone, as well as family tasks that had been her husband’s sole responsibility (e.g. managing the family’s finances). When Maria and the children eventually arrived in the United States, Jaime’s and Maria’s roles had to be renegotiated, resulting in something entirely new.
The effects of acculturation are complicated by other factors as well, including family members being at different stages in the acculturation process. Some members (particularly children) may assimilate rapidly, adopting values and beliefs of the mainstream U.S. culture. Some members may experience separation; that is, they may retain the values and beliefs of their cultures of origin and reject those of the mainstream U.S. culture. The most common form of adaptation among immigrants is integration, or the blending of aspects of both the home culture and the new culture, as most immigrants find it impractical to ignore the practices of their host country and find it comforting to retain some of the traditions of their homelands.
第 40 題：How did Jaime adapt to his new situation in the United States according to the passage?
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：人物行為與調適的細節題，核心在於家庭中角色的改變與重新協商。
解題方法：第四段原文提到 As a man on his own, Jaime had accomplished many tasks ... typically performed by his wife（Jaime 獨自在美國時，承擔了通常由妻子負責的家事）。另外文中說 Jaime's and Maria's roles had to be renegotiated（兩人的角色必須重新協商）。因此 Jaime 的調適方式是重新協商角色並承擔新責任。
選項分析：
(A) By renegotiating his roles and taking on new responsibilities：重新協商角色、承擔新責任，與原文一致。正確。
(B) By maintaining his traditional roles and not changing：保持傳統角色不變，與原文相反。錯誤。
第 41 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Google is now a household name. What began as a research project ultimately led to the name Google being synonymous with efficient web searching. The corporation is also quickly emerging as a leader in other realms of the online world. The story began when two Stanford University Ph.D. students Larry Page and Sergey Brin envisioned a different way of searching the web. Search engine results before Google used to be based solely on the number of times a key word occurred on a page. Many returned results were irrelevant, which made finding useful information a cumbersome process. The criteria that Google uses to return results are much more sophisticated. It not only searches for the word but looks at word placement and also at the links between pages, known as page rank technology. Results are returned quickly and contain more relevant data.
Revenue for the corporation is provided mainly through the sale of advertisements. Links to the advertiser’s websites promoting the products are returned in search results. The products are always related to the search that has been performed, allowing the products to be strategically promoted to individuals who would be more likely to use or buy the product or service.
In light of corporate management, one novel idea implemented by Google is allowing its engineers to spend twenty percent of their time on projects of personal interest. This engagement in personal pursuits had led to the development of some of the corporation’s most well-known products and services. Besides, all employees have access to a recreation center and luxuries not often seen in the modern business world where profit is the bottom line. There are washers and dryers available for use, a massage room, exercise equipment, and video game systems. It is because this company remains committed to employee satisfaction and a positive work environment—rarity in today’s profit driven business world.
第 41 題：Why does the writer mention page rank technology?
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：作者引用技術細節的修辭功能。page rank technology 是 Google 與傳統搜尋引擎的重要差異。
解題方法：第一段原文說傳統搜尋結果 based solely on the number of times a key word occurred on a page（僅依關鍵字在頁面出現的次數），而 Google 的標準 not only searches for the word but looks at word placement and also at the links between pages, known as page rank technology（不只搜尋字詞，還看字詞位置與頁面間的連結，即 page rank 技術）。因此作者提到 page rank 是為了說明兩者的不同。
選項分析：
(A) To illustrate how Google searches are different from those of traditional search engines：說明 Google 搜尋與傳統搜尋引擎的差異，與原文一致。正確。
(B) To criticize the competition faced by Google to produce search results：原文未批評競爭對手。錯誤。
第 42 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Google is now a household name. What began as a research project ultimately led to the name Google being synonymous with efficient web searching. The corporation is also quickly emerging as a leader in other realms of the online world. The story began when two Stanford University Ph.D. students Larry Page and Sergey Brin envisioned a different way of searching the web. Search engine results before Google used to be based solely on the number of times a key word occurred on a page. Many returned results were irrelevant, which made finding useful information a cumbersome process. The criteria that Google uses to return results are much more sophisticated. It not only searches for the word but looks at word placement and also at the links between pages, known as page rank technology. Results are returned quickly and contain more relevant data.
Revenue for the corporation is provided mainly through the sale of advertisements. Links to the advertiser’s websites promoting the products are returned in search results. The products are always related to the search that has been performed, allowing the products to be strategically promoted to individuals who would be more likely to use or buy the product or service.
In light of corporate management, one novel idea implemented by Google is allowing its engineers to spend twenty percent of their time on projects of personal interest. This engagement in personal pursuits had led to the development of some of the corporation’s most well-known products and services. Besides, all employees have access to a recreation center and luxuries not often seen in the modern business world where profit is the bottom line. There are washers and dryers available for use, a massage room, exercise equipment, and video game systems. It is because this company remains committed to employee satisfaction and a positive work environment—rarity in today’s profit driven business world.
第 42 題：The word “sophisticated” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ____.
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：形容詞 sophisticated（精密的、複雜的）的同義詞判讀。
解題方法：第一段原文 The criteria that Google uses to return results are much more sophisticated（Google 用來排序結果的標準精密得多），之後說明標準包括字詞位置與頁面連結，可見 sophisticated 指標準複雜、精細。最接近的詞為 intricate（複雜精細的）。
第 43 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Google is now a household name. What began as a research project ultimately led to the name Google being synonymous with efficient web searching. The corporation is also quickly emerging as a leader in other realms of the online world. The story began when two Stanford University Ph.D. students Larry Page and Sergey Brin envisioned a different way of searching the web. Search engine results before Google used to be based solely on the number of times a key word occurred on a page. Many returned results were irrelevant, which made finding useful information a cumbersome process. The criteria that Google uses to return results are much more sophisticated. It not only searches for the word but looks at word placement and also at the links between pages, known as page rank technology. Results are returned quickly and contain more relevant data.
Revenue for the corporation is provided mainly through the sale of advertisements. Links to the advertiser’s websites promoting the products are returned in search results. The products are always related to the search that has been performed, allowing the products to be strategically promoted to individuals who would be more likely to use or buy the product or service.
In light of corporate management, one novel idea implemented by Google is allowing its engineers to spend twenty percent of their time on projects of personal interest. This engagement in personal pursuits had led to the development of some of the corporation’s most well-known products and services. Besides, all employees have access to a recreation center and luxuries not often seen in the modern business world where profit is the bottom line. There are washers and dryers available for use, a massage room, exercise equipment, and video game systems. It is because this company remains committed to employee satisfaction and a positive work environment—rarity in today’s profit driven business world.
第 43 題：Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the second paragraph?
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：段落主旨題。第二段討論 Google 的收入來源與廣告策略。
解題方法：第二段原文說收入主要來自廣告，廣告連結與搜尋相關，且 The products are always related to the search that has been performed, allowing the products to be strategically promoted to individuals who would be more likely to use or buy the product or service（產品總與搜尋相關，因此能有策略地推廣給較可能購買的人）。主旨是廣告與搜尋內容相關，使使用者更可能感興趣。
選項分析：
(A) Products that are prompted by Google in the form of returned results are least likely to be desirable for the user：認為使用者最不可能想要，與原文相反。錯誤。
(B) When a search is submitted to Google, the sponsored advertisements that are returned are irrelevant to the search：說廣告與搜尋無關，與原文相反。錯誤。
第 44 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Google is now a household name. What began as a research project ultimately led to the name Google being synonymous with efficient web searching. The corporation is also quickly emerging as a leader in other realms of the online world. The story began when two Stanford University Ph.D. students Larry Page and Sergey Brin envisioned a different way of searching the web. Search engine results before Google used to be based solely on the number of times a key word occurred on a page. Many returned results were irrelevant, which made finding useful information a cumbersome process. The criteria that Google uses to return results are much more sophisticated. It not only searches for the word but looks at word placement and also at the links between pages, known as page rank technology. Results are returned quickly and contain more relevant data.
Revenue for the corporation is provided mainly through the sale of advertisements. Links to the advertiser’s websites promoting the products are returned in search results. The products are always related to the search that has been performed, allowing the products to be strategically promoted to individuals who would be more likely to use or buy the product or service.
In light of corporate management, one novel idea implemented by Google is allowing its engineers to spend twenty percent of their time on projects of personal interest. This engagement in personal pursuits had led to the development of some of the corporation’s most well-known products and services. Besides, all employees have access to a recreation center and luxuries not often seen in the modern business world where profit is the bottom line. There are washers and dryers available for use, a massage room, exercise equipment, and video game systems. It is because this company remains committed to employee satisfaction and a positive work environment—rarity in today’s profit driven business world.
第 44 題：What can be inferred about why Google continues to allow its engineers to spend time on personal projects?
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：推論題。根據文章事實，推斷作者或公司的態度或原因。
解題方法：第三段原文說 engagement in personal pursuits had led to the development of some of the corporation's most well-known products and services（投入個人興趣專案促成了公司一些最知名的產品與服務）。因此，公司持續允許工程師這樣做，應是因為此做法對公司有益。
選項分析：
(A) The corporation wants to increase pressure and stress for its employees：與原文提到的員工滿意與正向工作環境相反。錯誤。
(B) The practice has proved to be beneficial for the company：做法對公司有益，可由「促成知名產品」推論得出。正確。
第 45 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Google is now a household name. What began as a research project ultimately led to the name Google being synonymous with efficient web searching. The corporation is also quickly emerging as a leader in other realms of the online world. The story began when two Stanford University Ph.D. students Larry Page and Sergey Brin envisioned a different way of searching the web. Search engine results before Google used to be based solely on the number of times a key word occurred on a page. Many returned results were irrelevant, which made finding useful information a cumbersome process. The criteria that Google uses to return results are much more sophisticated. It not only searches for the word but looks at word placement and also at the links between pages, known as page rank technology. Results are returned quickly and contain more relevant data.
Revenue for the corporation is provided mainly through the sale of advertisements. Links to the advertiser’s websites promoting the products are returned in search results. The products are always related to the search that has been performed, allowing the products to be strategically promoted to individuals who would be more likely to use or buy the product or service.
In light of corporate management, one novel idea implemented by Google is allowing its engineers to spend twenty percent of their time on projects of personal interest. This engagement in personal pursuits had led to the development of some of the corporation’s most well-known products and services. Besides, all employees have access to a recreation center and luxuries not often seen in the modern business world where profit is the bottom line. There are washers and dryers available for use, a massage room, exercise equipment, and video game systems. It is because this company remains committed to employee satisfaction and a positive work environment—rarity in today’s profit driven business world.
第 45 題：Which of the following is NOT offered to employees at Google’s recreation center?
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：NOT 題型的細節判讀。需列出文章中娛樂中心提供的設施，找出未提及的項目。
解題方法：第三段原文列出的設施有 washers and dryers（洗衣機與烘衣機）、a massage room（按摩室）、exercise equipment（運動器材）與 video game systems（電動遊戲系統）。文中未提及托兒服務（daycare）。
第 46 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Fast fashion refers to the rapid production of inexpensive, low-quality clothing that often mimics popular styles of fashion labels, big-name brands, and independent designers. By endlessly offering new trends at cheap prices, fast fashion brands such as Shein, Zara, and H&M encourage consumers to continually buy more clothing. Consequently, previous purchases, perhaps worn a handful of times, are soon discarded. The rise of the fast fashion industry in the late 20th and early 21st centuries has had enormous consequences, from its myriad environmental impacts to its exploitation of garment workers.
Fast fashion has significant environmental impacts both during and after production. The fashion industry as a whole is responsible for 10 percent of carbon emissions, uses large quantities of water, and employs dyes and chemicals that pollute the environment. It also produces a lot of textile waste. Fast fashion in particular, with its low prices and poor-quality items, encourages consumers to discard an item of clothing even if it has been worn only a few times. The clothing ends up in landfills around the world, including in the so-called “clothing graveyard” in the Atacama Desert, Chile. Moreover, fast fashion companies primarily use synthetic fibers, such as polyester, nylon, and acrylic. All of these materials are inexpensive to produce, but they are derived from fossil fuels. Hence, items made from these materials are not biodegradable and will remain in landfills for centuries.
In addition to its environmental impacts, fast fashion tends to exploit workers responsible for its production. Most clothing production is done in postcolonial countries in Africa, Asia, and South America, where laborers have few protections against long hours and unfair wages. Many work 16 hours every day, make very little money, and face retaliation for refusing to work overtime. Garment workers also labor in unsafe conditions, including windowless spaces, dangerously high temperatures, violent managers, and harmful chemical exposure. In 2013 an eight-story building that housed several garment factories in Savar, Bangladesh, collapsed and killed some 1,100 laborers and injured thousands more. Because the supply chain is incredibly complex, retailers are mostly unfamiliar with the sourcing and production of their clothing and are therefore unaware of the conditions workers face to make their products.
The consumer can play a pivotal role in mitigating the effects of fast fashion by practicing so-called “slow fashion,” which involves purchasing fewer and higher-quality pieces of clothing. Although more expensive, such clothing can last longer. Once a user is done with a garment, he or she can donate it instead of discarding in order to help divert textiles from landfills. Although some donated clothing goes directly to landfills, a lot of the items that are not resold at donation stores are sent to textile recycling centers, where they are processed into filling for furniture or insulation for buildings. The overproduction and poor quality of fast fashion, however, has increasingly challenged donation centers and secondhand clothing shops that struggle to keep up with the volume of donations and find it difficult to sell inferior products.
第 46 題：What is a “clothing graveyard”?
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：片語的語意推論。clothing graveyard（衣物墳場）是比喻性用語，指被丟棄的衣物堆積之地。
解題方法：第二段原文說衣物最後落入世界各地的垃圾掩埋場，包括智利阿塔卡馬沙漠（Atacama Desert）的 so-called "clothing graveyard"（所謂的衣物墳場）。graveyard 為墓園，比喻衣服的終點，因此是丟棄衣物的地方。
選項分析：
(A) Where clothes could get revamped：衣服可被翻新之處，與 graveyard 的「終點」意涵不符。錯誤。
(B) Where clothes could be disappeared：衣服可能消失之處，語法與語意皆不合。錯誤。
第 47 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Fast fashion refers to the rapid production of inexpensive, low-quality clothing that often mimics popular styles of fashion labels, big-name brands, and independent designers. By endlessly offering new trends at cheap prices, fast fashion brands such as Shein, Zara, and H&M encourage consumers to continually buy more clothing. Consequently, previous purchases, perhaps worn a handful of times, are soon discarded. The rise of the fast fashion industry in the late 20th and early 21st centuries has had enormous consequences, from its myriad environmental impacts to its exploitation of garment workers.
Fast fashion has significant environmental impacts both during and after production. The fashion industry as a whole is responsible for 10 percent of carbon emissions, uses large quantities of water, and employs dyes and chemicals that pollute the environment. It also produces a lot of textile waste. Fast fashion in particular, with its low prices and poor-quality items, encourages consumers to discard an item of clothing even if it has been worn only a few times. The clothing ends up in landfills around the world, including in the so-called “clothing graveyard” in the Atacama Desert, Chile. Moreover, fast fashion companies primarily use synthetic fibers, such as polyester, nylon, and acrylic. All of these materials are inexpensive to produce, but they are derived from fossil fuels. Hence, items made from these materials are not biodegradable and will remain in landfills for centuries.
In addition to its environmental impacts, fast fashion tends to exploit workers responsible for its production. Most clothing production is done in postcolonial countries in Africa, Asia, and South America, where laborers have few protections against long hours and unfair wages. Many work 16 hours every day, make very little money, and face retaliation for refusing to work overtime. Garment workers also labor in unsafe conditions, including windowless spaces, dangerously high temperatures, violent managers, and harmful chemical exposure. In 2013 an eight-story building that housed several garment factories in Savar, Bangladesh, collapsed and killed some 1,100 laborers and injured thousands more. Because the supply chain is incredibly complex, retailers are mostly unfamiliar with the sourcing and production of their clothing and are therefore unaware of the conditions workers face to make their products.
The consumer can play a pivotal role in mitigating the effects of fast fashion by practicing so-called “slow fashion,” which involves purchasing fewer and higher-quality pieces of clothing. Although more expensive, such clothing can last longer. Once a user is done with a garment, he or she can donate it instead of discarding in order to help divert textiles from landfills. Although some donated clothing goes directly to landfills, a lot of the items that are not resold at donation stores are sent to textile recycling centers, where they are processed into filling for furniture or insulation for buildings. The overproduction and poor quality of fast fashion, however, has increasingly challenged donation centers and secondhand clothing shops that struggle to keep up with the volume of donations and find it difficult to sell inferior products.
第 47 題：Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an environmental problem caused by fast fashion?
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：NOT 題型，需對照第二段列舉的環境問題。
解題方法：第二段原文提到的環境問題包括：碳排放（carbon emissions）、大量用水（uses large quantities of water）、染料與化學物質污染環境（dyes and chemicals that pollute the environment）、紡織廢棄物（textile waste）、掩埋場堆積（landfills），以及難以分解（not biodegradable）。文中未提及生物多樣性流失。
選項分析：
(A) Chemical pollution：原文提及 dyes and chemicals that pollute，故非答案。錯誤。
第 48 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Fast fashion refers to the rapid production of inexpensive, low-quality clothing that often mimics popular styles of fashion labels, big-name brands, and independent designers. By endlessly offering new trends at cheap prices, fast fashion brands such as Shein, Zara, and H&M encourage consumers to continually buy more clothing. Consequently, previous purchases, perhaps worn a handful of times, are soon discarded. The rise of the fast fashion industry in the late 20th and early 21st centuries has had enormous consequences, from its myriad environmental impacts to its exploitation of garment workers.
Fast fashion has significant environmental impacts both during and after production. The fashion industry as a whole is responsible for 10 percent of carbon emissions, uses large quantities of water, and employs dyes and chemicals that pollute the environment. It also produces a lot of textile waste. Fast fashion in particular, with its low prices and poor-quality items, encourages consumers to discard an item of clothing even if it has been worn only a few times. The clothing ends up in landfills around the world, including in the so-called “clothing graveyard” in the Atacama Desert, Chile. Moreover, fast fashion companies primarily use synthetic fibers, such as polyester, nylon, and acrylic. All of these materials are inexpensive to produce, but they are derived from fossil fuels. Hence, items made from these materials are not biodegradable and will remain in landfills for centuries.
In addition to its environmental impacts, fast fashion tends to exploit workers responsible for its production. Most clothing production is done in postcolonial countries in Africa, Asia, and South America, where laborers have few protections against long hours and unfair wages. Many work 16 hours every day, make very little money, and face retaliation for refusing to work overtime. Garment workers also labor in unsafe conditions, including windowless spaces, dangerously high temperatures, violent managers, and harmful chemical exposure. In 2013 an eight-story building that housed several garment factories in Savar, Bangladesh, collapsed and killed some 1,100 laborers and injured thousands more. Because the supply chain is incredibly complex, retailers are mostly unfamiliar with the sourcing and production of their clothing and are therefore unaware of the conditions workers face to make their products.
The consumer can play a pivotal role in mitigating the effects of fast fashion by practicing so-called “slow fashion,” which involves purchasing fewer and higher-quality pieces of clothing. Although more expensive, such clothing can last longer. Once a user is done with a garment, he or she can donate it instead of discarding in order to help divert textiles from landfills. Although some donated clothing goes directly to landfills, a lot of the items that are not resold at donation stores are sent to textile recycling centers, where they are processed into filling for furniture or insulation for buildings. The overproduction and poor quality of fast fashion, however, has increasingly challenged donation centers and secondhand clothing shops that struggle to keep up with the volume of donations and find it difficult to sell inferior products.
第 48 題：What is the main idea of the third paragraph?
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：段落主旨題。第三段的主題是快速時尚對生產工人的剝削。
解題方法：第三段首句 In addition to its environmental impacts, fast fashion tends to exploit workers responsible for its production（除了環境影響，快速時尚也傾向剝削負責生產的工人）。其後舉例說明工時長、薪資低、工作環境不安全，以及 Savar 大樓倒塌等事件，皆圍繞工人被剝削的主題。
選項分析：
(A) How fast fashion clothes are designed：設計方式，原文未以此為主旨。錯誤。
第 49 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Fast fashion refers to the rapid production of inexpensive, low-quality clothing that often mimics popular styles of fashion labels, big-name brands, and independent designers. By endlessly offering new trends at cheap prices, fast fashion brands such as Shein, Zara, and H&M encourage consumers to continually buy more clothing. Consequently, previous purchases, perhaps worn a handful of times, are soon discarded. The rise of the fast fashion industry in the late 20th and early 21st centuries has had enormous consequences, from its myriad environmental impacts to its exploitation of garment workers.
Fast fashion has significant environmental impacts both during and after production. The fashion industry as a whole is responsible for 10 percent of carbon emissions, uses large quantities of water, and employs dyes and chemicals that pollute the environment. It also produces a lot of textile waste. Fast fashion in particular, with its low prices and poor-quality items, encourages consumers to discard an item of clothing even if it has been worn only a few times. The clothing ends up in landfills around the world, including in the so-called “clothing graveyard” in the Atacama Desert, Chile. Moreover, fast fashion companies primarily use synthetic fibers, such as polyester, nylon, and acrylic. All of these materials are inexpensive to produce, but they are derived from fossil fuels. Hence, items made from these materials are not biodegradable and will remain in landfills for centuries.
In addition to its environmental impacts, fast fashion tends to exploit workers responsible for its production. Most clothing production is done in postcolonial countries in Africa, Asia, and South America, where laborers have few protections against long hours and unfair wages. Many work 16 hours every day, make very little money, and face retaliation for refusing to work overtime. Garment workers also labor in unsafe conditions, including windowless spaces, dangerously high temperatures, violent managers, and harmful chemical exposure. In 2013 an eight-story building that housed several garment factories in Savar, Bangladesh, collapsed and killed some 1,100 laborers and injured thousands more. Because the supply chain is incredibly complex, retailers are mostly unfamiliar with the sourcing and production of their clothing and are therefore unaware of the conditions workers face to make their products.
The consumer can play a pivotal role in mitigating the effects of fast fashion by practicing so-called “slow fashion,” which involves purchasing fewer and higher-quality pieces of clothing. Although more expensive, such clothing can last longer. Once a user is done with a garment, he or she can donate it instead of discarding in order to help divert textiles from landfills. Although some donated clothing goes directly to landfills, a lot of the items that are not resold at donation stores are sent to textile recycling centers, where they are processed into filling for furniture or insulation for buildings. The overproduction and poor quality of fast fashion, however, has increasingly challenged donation centers and secondhand clothing shops that struggle to keep up with the volume of donations and find it difficult to sell inferior products.
第 49 題：Which challenge do donation centers encounter in dealing with fast fashion clothes?
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：細節題，找出捐贈中心面臨的挑戰。
解題方法：第四段原文說 donation centers and secondhand clothing shops struggle to keep up with the volume of donations（捐贈中心與二手服飾店難以應付大量的捐贈）。挑戰來自數量龐大與速度快，因此答案為 quantity and speed overwhelm the centers（數量與速度使中心不堪負荷）。
選項分析：
(A) It helps to divert textiles from landfills：是捐贈的益處，不是挑戰。錯誤。
(B) The quantity and speed overwhelm the centers：與原文的 volume of donations 一致，為挑戰。正確。
第 50 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Fast fashion refers to the rapid production of inexpensive, low-quality clothing that often mimics popular styles of fashion labels, big-name brands, and independent designers. By endlessly offering new trends at cheap prices, fast fashion brands such as Shein, Zara, and H&M encourage consumers to continually buy more clothing. Consequently, previous purchases, perhaps worn a handful of times, are soon discarded. The rise of the fast fashion industry in the late 20th and early 21st centuries has had enormous consequences, from its myriad environmental impacts to its exploitation of garment workers.
Fast fashion has significant environmental impacts both during and after production. The fashion industry as a whole is responsible for 10 percent of carbon emissions, uses large quantities of water, and employs dyes and chemicals that pollute the environment. It also produces a lot of textile waste. Fast fashion in particular, with its low prices and poor-quality items, encourages consumers to discard an item of clothing even if it has been worn only a few times. The clothing ends up in landfills around the world, including in the so-called “clothing graveyard” in the Atacama Desert, Chile. Moreover, fast fashion companies primarily use synthetic fibers, such as polyester, nylon, and acrylic. All of these materials are inexpensive to produce, but they are derived from fossil fuels. Hence, items made from these materials are not biodegradable and will remain in landfills for centuries.
In addition to its environmental impacts, fast fashion tends to exploit workers responsible for its production. Most clothing production is done in postcolonial countries in Africa, Asia, and South America, where laborers have few protections against long hours and unfair wages. Many work 16 hours every day, make very little money, and face retaliation for refusing to work overtime. Garment workers also labor in unsafe conditions, including windowless spaces, dangerously high temperatures, violent managers, and harmful chemical exposure. In 2013 an eight-story building that housed several garment factories in Savar, Bangladesh, collapsed and killed some 1,100 laborers and injured thousands more. Because the supply chain is incredibly complex, retailers are mostly unfamiliar with the sourcing and production of their clothing and are therefore unaware of the conditions workers face to make their products.
The consumer can play a pivotal role in mitigating the effects of fast fashion by practicing so-called “slow fashion,” which involves purchasing fewer and higher-quality pieces of clothing. Although more expensive, such clothing can last longer. Once a user is done with a garment, he or she can donate it instead of discarding in order to help divert textiles from landfills. Although some donated clothing goes directly to landfills, a lot of the items that are not resold at donation stores are sent to textile recycling centers, where they are processed into filling for furniture or insulation for buildings. The overproduction and poor quality of fast fashion, however, has increasingly challenged donation centers and secondhand clothing shops that struggle to keep up with the volume of donations and find it difficult to sell inferior products.
第 50 題：What does “mitigating” mean in the fourth paragraph?
登入後即可作答並保存紀錄。
核心觀念：動詞 mitigate（減輕、緩和）的語意，常見於 mitigate the effects / impact of（減輕…的影響）。
解題方法：第四段原文說 The consumer can play a pivotal role in mitigating the effects of fast fashion by practicing "slow fashion"（消費者可透過慢時尚，在減輕快速時尚的影響上扮演關鍵角色）。慢時尚的做法是購買較少、品質較好的衣物，因此 mitigate 的意思是減輕、降低。
📊 作答統計
- 答對
- 0
- 答錯
- 0
- 未作答
- 50
- 正確率
- —
依原卷說明：每題 2 分，答錯倒扣 0.7 分。
只統計有公布答案的選擇題（共 50 題）。倒扣扣到 0 分為止。未登入時作答不會保存，重新整理就會清空。按題目底下的「再作答一次／重做」，該題就改回未作答。