國立中興大學 111 年 《英文》

Excellence Without a Soul, a book written by a Harvard professor, reveals that just focusing on good grades will produce many brilliant persons without ____, the ability to be in others’ shoes.

If people want to have the courage to meet the demands of reality, they should have ____, a firm adherence to a moral code of completeness.

To get a second degree in medicine sponsored by the government, one needs to cater to the imbalance between city and country, and to be willing to walk the extra mile for the ____.

On January 7th David Bennett became the first person to have a heart ____ successfully into him from a pig, though he survived two months only. This kind of procedure is also known as xenotransplantation.

If a physician chooses his/her specialty on (human) skin, s/he would be officially called a ____.

Drones, the remote-controlled non-pilot flying objects, cannot be used in warfare as aircraft ____.

A large number of refugees fleeing from their own war-ridden or corrupt countries to other ones might eventually arouse ____ from their recipient counterparts.

A prosecutor should take an entirely ____ stance. S/he should give the suspect(s) the “benefit of doubt” before the verdict is reached.

____ medicine is a fairly important branch of medicine which would aid the prosecutor to investigate a criminal case leading to murder, manslaughter, or serious casualties. However, because of its tough working environment, few people are interested in it.

Even nowadays, patients of the medical branch of ____, which deals with mental health, are often stigmatized.

A person with both nearsightedness and presbyopia usually needs a pair of ____.

The ____, as a physiological term, is the round colored part of a person’s eye which consists of two layers.

Heavy 3C device users should be careful not to be bothered by a condition, an increasingly common eye disease known as fly floaters, which is caused by the clouding of the liquid, a ____-like substance inside the eye.

Nowadays in our society teachers don’t enjoy the respect that is ____ doctors and lawyers.

A good doctor, in order to protect him/herself, should know how to become like a ____ as if in an activity of moving fast on foot.

Today, nearly half of the world’s population is at risk from malaria. It kills more than 400,000 people a year, most of them in Africa. But even cooler places, such Britain, have not always been ____.

He started playing wheelchair basketball after he was left ____ from the waist down.

Polypharmacy, often defined as the regular use of five or more drugs by one patient, is ____ and is expected to grow as life expectancy increases and the global population ages.

In order for the body to produce a safe ____ response, it is important to control the amount of antigens in the vaccines.

【題組共用題幹】

According to the WHO (World Health Organization), a threat similar to penicillin ____ is very real. Many experts fear that it’s only a matter of time before we see the ____ of a superbug—a very powerful type of bacteria that normal ____ cannot kill—capable of wiping out huge numbers of people.

Perhaps the scenario is happening at this very moment, only that the leading role is played by COVID-19, along with its numerous ____. As the most recent one developed its own different versions, we should learn to live peacefully with all other creatures traditionally considered bad to the humans, instead of seeking to ____ them. We have no right to be so anthropocentric.

____ 21 ____

【題組共用題幹】

According to the WHO (World Health Organization), a threat similar to penicillin ____ is very real. Many experts fear that it’s only a matter of time before we see the ____ of a superbug—a very powerful type of bacteria that normal ____ cannot kill—capable of wiping out huge numbers of people.

Perhaps the scenario is happening at this very moment, only that the leading role is played by COVID-19, along with its numerous ____. As the most recent one developed its own different versions, we should learn to live peacefully with all other creatures traditionally considered bad to the humans, instead of seeking to ____ them. We have no right to be so anthropocentric.

____ 22 ____

【題組共用題幹】

According to the WHO (World Health Organization), a threat similar to penicillin ____ is very real. Many experts fear that it’s only a matter of time before we see the ____ of a superbug—a very powerful type of bacteria that normal ____ cannot kill—capable of wiping out huge numbers of people.

Perhaps the scenario is happening at this very moment, only that the leading role is played by COVID-19, along with its numerous ____. As the most recent one developed its own different versions, we should learn to live peacefully with all other creatures traditionally considered bad to the humans, instead of seeking to ____ them. We have no right to be so anthropocentric.

____ 23 ____

【題組共用題幹】

According to the WHO (World Health Organization), a threat similar to penicillin ____ is very real. Many experts fear that it’s only a matter of time before we see the ____ of a superbug—a very powerful type of bacteria that normal ____ cannot kill—capable of wiping out huge numbers of people.

Perhaps the scenario is happening at this very moment, only that the leading role is played by COVID-19, along with its numerous ____. As the most recent one developed its own different versions, we should learn to live peacefully with all other creatures traditionally considered bad to the humans, instead of seeking to ____ them. We have no right to be so anthropocentric.

____ 24 ____

【題組共用題幹】

According to the WHO (World Health Organization), a threat similar to penicillin ____ is very real. Many experts fear that it’s only a matter of time before we see the ____ of a superbug—a very powerful type of bacteria that normal ____ cannot kill—capable of wiping out huge numbers of people.

Perhaps the scenario is happening at this very moment, only that the leading role is played by COVID-19, along with its numerous ____. As the most recent one developed its own different versions, we should learn to live peacefully with all other creatures traditionally considered bad to the humans, instead of seeking to ____ them. We have no right to be so anthropocentric.

____ 25 ____

【題組共用題幹】

There are around 39 million blind people in the world. But ____ do people realize that perhaps half of those affected by blindness could be cured, simply by removing the cataract which causes it. It is a very common operation in many countries, and only very ____ does the patient fail to recover good sight. However, until recently the ____ did cost quite a lot and was too expensive for sufferers in developing countries. Then entered Dr. Sanduk Ruit, a doctor from Nepal, who ____ the system for conducting cataract surgery cheaply and efficiently.

____ 26 ____

【題組共用題幹】

There are around 39 million blind people in the world. But ____ do people realize that perhaps half of those affected by blindness could be cured, simply by removing the cataract which causes it. It is a very common operation in many countries, and only very ____ does the patient fail to recover good sight. However, until recently the ____ did cost quite a lot and was too expensive for sufferers in developing countries. Then entered Dr. Sanduk Ruit, a doctor from Nepal, who ____ the system for conducting cataract surgery cheaply and efficiently.

____ 27 ____

【題組共用題幹】

There are around 39 million blind people in the world. But ____ do people realize that perhaps half of those affected by blindness could be cured, simply by removing the cataract which causes it. It is a very common operation in many countries, and only very ____ does the patient fail to recover good sight. However, until recently the ____ did cost quite a lot and was too expensive for sufferers in developing countries. Then entered Dr. Sanduk Ruit, a doctor from Nepal, who ____ the system for conducting cataract surgery cheaply and efficiently.

____ 28 ____

【題組共用題幹】

There are around 39 million blind people in the world. But ____ do people realize that perhaps half of those affected by blindness could be cured, simply by removing the cataract which causes it. It is a very common operation in many countries, and only very ____ does the patient fail to recover good sight. However, until recently the ____ did cost quite a lot and was too expensive for sufferers in developing countries. Then entered Dr. Sanduk Ruit, a doctor from Nepal, who ____ the system for conducting cataract surgery cheaply and efficiently.

____ 29 ____

【題組共用題幹】

A recent film Still Alice focused on a more and more common chronic and perhaps irreversible disease—senile dementia. In our era of ____ society, the phenomenon of “losing one’s mind” is not rare. Even professors or physicians—traditionally considered smart people—are not ____ from it. The cause and progression of senile dementia—commonly known as Alzheimer’s, are currently not yet ____ understood. Research indicates that this disease ____ plaques and tangles in the brain. But the ____ after the patient’s case is confirmed to the patient him/herself or his/her closest relatives is huge, and hard to accept. To an old patient whose mental state has retarded back to his/her childhood, the ____ must utilize great wisdom and humor, otherwise the latter will break down first. That is why the government should ____ to take care of them.

____ 30 ____

【題組共用題幹】

A recent film Still Alice focused on a more and more common chronic and perhaps irreversible disease—senile dementia. In our era of ____ society, the phenomenon of “losing one’s mind” is not rare. Even professors or physicians—traditionally considered smart people—are not ____ from it. The cause and progression of senile dementia—commonly known as Alzheimer’s, are currently not yet ____ understood. Research indicates that this disease ____ plaques and tangles in the brain. But the ____ after the patient’s case is confirmed to the patient him/herself or his/her closest relatives is huge, and hard to accept. To an old patient whose mental state has retarded back to his/her childhood, the ____ must utilize great wisdom and humor, otherwise the latter will break down first. That is why the government should ____ to take care of them.

____ 31 ____

【題組共用題幹】

A recent film Still Alice focused on a more and more common chronic and perhaps irreversible disease—senile dementia. In our era of ____ society, the phenomenon of “losing one’s mind” is not rare. Even professors or physicians—traditionally considered smart people—are not ____ from it. The cause and progression of senile dementia—commonly known as Alzheimer’s, are currently not yet ____ understood. Research indicates that this disease ____ plaques and tangles in the brain. But the ____ after the patient’s case is confirmed to the patient him/herself or his/her closest relatives is huge, and hard to accept. To an old patient whose mental state has retarded back to his/her childhood, the ____ must utilize great wisdom and humor, otherwise the latter will break down first. That is why the government should ____ to take care of them.

____ 32 ____

【題組共用題幹】

A recent film Still Alice focused on a more and more common chronic and perhaps irreversible disease—senile dementia. In our era of ____ society, the phenomenon of “losing one’s mind” is not rare. Even professors or physicians—traditionally considered smart people—are not ____ from it. The cause and progression of senile dementia—commonly known as Alzheimer’s, are currently not yet ____ understood. Research indicates that this disease ____ plaques and tangles in the brain. But the ____ after the patient’s case is confirmed to the patient him/herself or his/her closest relatives is huge, and hard to accept. To an old patient whose mental state has retarded back to his/her childhood, the ____ must utilize great wisdom and humor, otherwise the latter will break down first. That is why the government should ____ to take care of them.

____ 33 ____

【題組共用題幹】

A recent film Still Alice focused on a more and more common chronic and perhaps irreversible disease—senile dementia. In our era of ____ society, the phenomenon of “losing one’s mind” is not rare. Even professors or physicians—traditionally considered smart people—are not ____ from it. The cause and progression of senile dementia—commonly known as Alzheimer’s, are currently not yet ____ understood. Research indicates that this disease ____ plaques and tangles in the brain. But the ____ after the patient’s case is confirmed to the patient him/herself or his/her closest relatives is huge, and hard to accept. To an old patient whose mental state has retarded back to his/her childhood, the ____ must utilize great wisdom and humor, otherwise the latter will break down first. That is why the government should ____ to take care of them.

____ 34 ____

【題組共用題幹】

A recent film Still Alice focused on a more and more common chronic and perhaps irreversible disease—senile dementia. In our era of ____ society, the phenomenon of “losing one’s mind” is not rare. Even professors or physicians—traditionally considered smart people—are not ____ from it. The cause and progression of senile dementia—commonly known as Alzheimer’s, are currently not yet ____ understood. Research indicates that this disease ____ plaques and tangles in the brain. But the ____ after the patient’s case is confirmed to the patient him/herself or his/her closest relatives is huge, and hard to accept. To an old patient whose mental state has retarded back to his/her childhood, the ____ must utilize great wisdom and humor, otherwise the latter will break down first. That is why the government should ____ to take care of them.

____ 35 ____

【題組共用題幹】

A recent film Still Alice focused on a more and more common chronic and perhaps irreversible disease—senile dementia. In our era of ____ society, the phenomenon of “losing one’s mind” is not rare. Even professors or physicians—traditionally considered smart people—are not ____ from it. The cause and progression of senile dementia—commonly known as Alzheimer’s, are currently not yet ____ understood. Research indicates that this disease ____ plaques and tangles in the brain. But the ____ after the patient’s case is confirmed to the patient him/herself or his/her closest relatives is huge, and hard to accept. To an old patient whose mental state has retarded back to his/her childhood, the ____ must utilize great wisdom and humor, otherwise the latter will break down first. That is why the government should ____ to take care of them.

____ 36 ____

【題組共用題幹】

Those who prepare themselves for a medical career may have heard of the Hippocratic Oath and its modern version “Declaration of Geneva,” first established in Geneva, 1948, now known for its 2017 revision after amendments and editorial works. Here is an excerpt of this modern version in English:

At the time of being admitted as a member of the medical profession:

I solemnly pledge to consecrate my life to the service of ____;

I will give to my teachers the respect and gratitude that is their due; […];

My colleagues will be my sisters and brothers;

I will not permit considerations of age, disease or disability, creed, ethnic origin, gender, nationality, political affiliation, race, sexual orientation, social standing or any other factor to intervene between my duty and my patient; […];

I make all these promises solemnly, freely and upon my honor.

But perhaps few people have heard of “Declaration of Taipei”—agreed in 2016 but not yet officially approved by the WMA (World Medical Association). This new declaration tries to achieve a balance between the rights of individuals giving their tissues or data for research and other purposes based on confidentiality and privacy rules while at the same time recognizing that health data has become a very powerful tool for increasing knowledge.

According to the WMA, scenarios have already existed for the use and misuse of health data and biobanks. Therefore, the Association came to the conclusion that the major risk scenarios may not ____ science, but may be caused by the commercial, administrative or political use of such data. Therefore, the “Declaration of Taipei” aims to address any use of health databases and biobanks excluding individual treatment and is not restricted to research. As physicians are the primary custodians of confidential health information, they should feel an obligation towards their patients and other persons who entrust them with their data and specimens.

The word “consecrate” in the excerpt is closest in meaning to ____.

【題組共用題幹】

Those who prepare themselves for a medical career may have heard of the Hippocratic Oath and its modern version “Declaration of Geneva,” first established in Geneva, 1948, now known for its 2017 revision after amendments and editorial works. Here is an excerpt of this modern version in English:

At the time of being admitted as a member of the medical profession:

I solemnly pledge to consecrate my life to the service of ____;

I will give to my teachers the respect and gratitude that is their due; […];

My colleagues will be my sisters and brothers;

I will not permit considerations of age, disease or disability, creed, ethnic origin, gender, nationality, political affiliation, race, sexual orientation, social standing or any other factor to intervene between my duty and my patient; […];

I make all these promises solemnly, freely and upon my honor.

But perhaps few people have heard of “Declaration of Taipei”—agreed in 2016 but not yet officially approved by the WMA (World Medical Association). This new declaration tries to achieve a balance between the rights of individuals giving their tissues or data for research and other purposes based on confidentiality and privacy rules while at the same time recognizing that health data has become a very powerful tool for increasing knowledge.

According to the WMA, scenarios have already existed for the use and misuse of health data and biobanks. Therefore, the Association came to the conclusion that the major risk scenarios may not ____ science, but may be caused by the commercial, administrative or political use of such data. Therefore, the “Declaration of Taipei” aims to address any use of health databases and biobanks excluding individual treatment and is not restricted to research. As physicians are the primary custodians of confidential health information, they should feel an obligation towards their patients and other persons who entrust them with their data and specimens.

The most appropriate word for the blank in the excerpt ____.

【題組共用題幹】

Those who prepare themselves for a medical career may have heard of the Hippocratic Oath and its modern version “Declaration of Geneva,” first established in Geneva, 1948, now known for its 2017 revision after amendments and editorial works. Here is an excerpt of this modern version in English:

At the time of being admitted as a member of the medical profession:

I solemnly pledge to consecrate my life to the service of ____;

I will give to my teachers the respect and gratitude that is their due; […];

My colleagues will be my sisters and brothers;

I will not permit considerations of age, disease or disability, creed, ethnic origin, gender, nationality, political affiliation, race, sexual orientation, social standing or any other factor to intervene between my duty and my patient; […];

I make all these promises solemnly, freely and upon my honor.

But perhaps few people have heard of “Declaration of Taipei”—agreed in 2016 but not yet officially approved by the WMA (World Medical Association). This new declaration tries to achieve a balance between the rights of individuals giving their tissues or data for research and other purposes based on confidentiality and privacy rules while at the same time recognizing that health data has become a very powerful tool for increasing knowledge.

According to the WMA, scenarios have already existed for the use and misuse of health data and biobanks. Therefore, the Association came to the conclusion that the major risk scenarios may not ____ science, but may be caused by the commercial, administrative or political use of such data. Therefore, the “Declaration of Taipei” aims to address any use of health databases and biobanks excluding individual treatment and is not restricted to research. As physicians are the primary custodians of confidential health information, they should feel an obligation towards their patients and other persons who entrust them with their data and specimens.

“I will give to my teachers the respect and gratitude that is their due.” In this part of the oath, the expression “their due” is closest in meaning to ____.

【題組共用題幹】

Those who prepare themselves for a medical career may have heard of the Hippocratic Oath and its modern version “Declaration of Geneva,” first established in Geneva, 1948, now known for its 2017 revision after amendments and editorial works. Here is an excerpt of this modern version in English:

At the time of being admitted as a member of the medical profession:

I solemnly pledge to consecrate my life to the service of ____;

I will give to my teachers the respect and gratitude that is their due; […];

My colleagues will be my sisters and brothers;

I will not permit considerations of age, disease or disability, creed, ethnic origin, gender, nationality, political affiliation, race, sexual orientation, social standing or any other factor to intervene between my duty and my patient; […];

I make all these promises solemnly, freely and upon my honor.

But perhaps few people have heard of “Declaration of Taipei”—agreed in 2016 but not yet officially approved by the WMA (World Medical Association). This new declaration tries to achieve a balance between the rights of individuals giving their tissues or data for research and other purposes based on confidentiality and privacy rules while at the same time recognizing that health data has become a very powerful tool for increasing knowledge.

According to the WMA, scenarios have already existed for the use and misuse of health data and biobanks. Therefore, the Association came to the conclusion that the major risk scenarios may not ____ science, but may be caused by the commercial, administrative or political use of such data. Therefore, the “Declaration of Taipei” aims to address any use of health databases and biobanks excluding individual treatment and is not restricted to research. As physicians are the primary custodians of confidential health information, they should feel an obligation towards their patients and other persons who entrust them with their data and specimens.

According to the oath, which of the following considerations may be allowed to come between doctors and patients?

【題組共用題幹】

Those who prepare themselves for a medical career may have heard of the Hippocratic Oath and its modern version “Declaration of Geneva,” first established in Geneva, 1948, now known for its 2017 revision after amendments and editorial works. Here is an excerpt of this modern version in English:

At the time of being admitted as a member of the medical profession:

I solemnly pledge to consecrate my life to the service of ____;

I will give to my teachers the respect and gratitude that is their due; […];

My colleagues will be my sisters and brothers;

I will not permit considerations of age, disease or disability, creed, ethnic origin, gender, nationality, political affiliation, race, sexual orientation, social standing or any other factor to intervene between my duty and my patient; […];

I make all these promises solemnly, freely and upon my honor.

But perhaps few people have heard of “Declaration of Taipei”—agreed in 2016 but not yet officially approved by the WMA (World Medical Association). This new declaration tries to achieve a balance between the rights of individuals giving their tissues or data for research and other purposes based on confidentiality and privacy rules while at the same time recognizing that health data has become a very powerful tool for increasing knowledge.

According to the WMA, scenarios have already existed for the use and misuse of health data and biobanks. Therefore, the Association came to the conclusion that the major risk scenarios may not ____ science, but may be caused by the commercial, administrative or political use of such data. Therefore, the “Declaration of Taipei” aims to address any use of health databases and biobanks excluding individual treatment and is not restricted to research. As physicians are the primary custodians of confidential health information, they should feel an obligation towards their patients and other persons who entrust them with their data and specimens.

In the passage, which of the following is NOT included in the description about “Declaration of Taipei”?

【題組共用題幹】

Those who prepare themselves for a medical career may have heard of the Hippocratic Oath and its modern version “Declaration of Geneva,” first established in Geneva, 1948, now known for its 2017 revision after amendments and editorial works. Here is an excerpt of this modern version in English:

At the time of being admitted as a member of the medical profession:

I solemnly pledge to consecrate my life to the service of ____;

I will give to my teachers the respect and gratitude that is their due; […];

My colleagues will be my sisters and brothers;

I will not permit considerations of age, disease or disability, creed, ethnic origin, gender, nationality, political affiliation, race, sexual orientation, social standing or any other factor to intervene between my duty and my patient; […];

I make all these promises solemnly, freely and upon my honor.

But perhaps few people have heard of “Declaration of Taipei”—agreed in 2016 but not yet officially approved by the WMA (World Medical Association). This new declaration tries to achieve a balance between the rights of individuals giving their tissues or data for research and other purposes based on confidentiality and privacy rules while at the same time recognizing that health data has become a very powerful tool for increasing knowledge.

According to the WMA, scenarios have already existed for the use and misuse of health data and biobanks. Therefore, the Association came to the conclusion that the major risk scenarios may not ____ science, but may be caused by the commercial, administrative or political use of such data. Therefore, the “Declaration of Taipei” aims to address any use of health databases and biobanks excluding individual treatment and is not restricted to research. As physicians are the primary custodians of confidential health information, they should feel an obligation towards their patients and other persons who entrust them with their data and specimens.

Which of the following is NOT “the risk scenarios” indicated in the second to last paragraph?

【題組共用題幹】

Those who prepare themselves for a medical career may have heard of the Hippocratic Oath and its modern version “Declaration of Geneva,” first established in Geneva, 1948, now known for its 2017 revision after amendments and editorial works. Here is an excerpt of this modern version in English:

At the time of being admitted as a member of the medical profession:

I solemnly pledge to consecrate my life to the service of ____;

I will give to my teachers the respect and gratitude that is their due; […];

My colleagues will be my sisters and brothers;

I will not permit considerations of age, disease or disability, creed, ethnic origin, gender, nationality, political affiliation, race, sexual orientation, social standing or any other factor to intervene between my duty and my patient; […];

I make all these promises solemnly, freely and upon my honor.

But perhaps few people have heard of “Declaration of Taipei”—agreed in 2016 but not yet officially approved by the WMA (World Medical Association). This new declaration tries to achieve a balance between the rights of individuals giving their tissues or data for research and other purposes based on confidentiality and privacy rules while at the same time recognizing that health data has become a very powerful tool for increasing knowledge.

According to the WMA, scenarios have already existed for the use and misuse of health data and biobanks. Therefore, the Association came to the conclusion that the major risk scenarios may not ____ science, but may be caused by the commercial, administrative or political use of such data. Therefore, the “Declaration of Taipei” aims to address any use of health databases and biobanks excluding individual treatment and is not restricted to research. As physicians are the primary custodians of confidential health information, they should feel an obligation towards their patients and other persons who entrust them with their data and specimens.

The most appropriate words for the blank in the second to last paragraph would be ____.

【題組共用題幹】

How would big data play a role in the twenty-first century medicine? To answer this question, we may learn something from the forerunners—the Dutch and the Japanese. Though from very different cultural contexts, both collect big data not only to analyze the existing problems, but also to predict the future curve concerning both personal and public health wisely.

It is true that the total population in Taiwan is decreasing, but people are also living longer. Therefore, a lot of the Public Health Insurance payments go to the aging and the unhealthy disproportionately. To stop this imbalanced money drain, we should promote the preventive medicine, reduce bedridden days, and encourage the signing of donor cards—though the last one might be a cultural taboo difficult to break in the short term.

Meanwhile, there is another factor—our contemporary society is getting more and more M-shaped. On the one hand, the rich get richer; on the other, the poor become poorer. This results in their different types of unhealthiness: the rich would get more obese, leading to chronic diseases such as cardiovascular ones, or diabetes, as well as mental problems; the poor, confronted with worsening living conditions, might develop alcoholism, drug addiction, and another set of mental illnesses. Not to mention the middle class who suffer yet another set of psychosomatic problems. Their issues are too broad to be the focus of this passage.

Hence to respond to the future extremes of the health spectrum, the government’s policy to freeze the quota of total physicians to just 1,300 graduates ever since 2008 needs reconsideration now. How should postgraduate medical students prepare themselves to be future physicians? Even though physician training is bound to be tough, and students (candidates) are under constant distress, potential trainees should first brace themselves for the ever-changing world and adjust themselves. Second, they should constantly remind themselves of their original motive—to save people’s lives. Finally, it is advisable to take the advantage of the increasingly internet-linked world, and try to take the initiative to reach out to the outside world.

“Where there is a will, there is a way.” Though this sounds like a cliché, yet learning to articulate stories of their future outposts may lead to a win-win situation. As specialists, or general practitioners, they may not be able to solve all the problems. Yet at least they can tell their stories via podcast (or other social media) so that the outsiders can hear the true stories and apply different ways to help. In other words, they shouldn’t ____ themselves to the comfort zone, or take the city living standard for granted. If they change their mindset, they would really feel rewarded by the help they render to others, and benefit their own body, soul, and spirit.

Which of the following statements support the importance of increasing the number of physicians in Taiwan, according to the passage?

【題組共用題幹】

How would big data play a role in the twenty-first century medicine? To answer this question, we may learn something from the forerunners—the Dutch and the Japanese. Though from very different cultural contexts, both collect big data not only to analyze the existing problems, but also to predict the future curve concerning both personal and public health wisely.

It is true that the total population in Taiwan is decreasing, but people are also living longer. Therefore, a lot of the Public Health Insurance payments go to the aging and the unhealthy disproportionately. To stop this imbalanced money drain, we should promote the preventive medicine, reduce bedridden days, and encourage the signing of donor cards—though the last one might be a cultural taboo difficult to break in the short term.

Meanwhile, there is another factor—our contemporary society is getting more and more M-shaped. On the one hand, the rich get richer; on the other, the poor become poorer. This results in their different types of unhealthiness: the rich would get more obese, leading to chronic diseases such as cardiovascular ones, or diabetes, as well as mental problems; the poor, confronted with worsening living conditions, might develop alcoholism, drug addiction, and another set of mental illnesses. Not to mention the middle class who suffer yet another set of psychosomatic problems. Their issues are too broad to be the focus of this passage.

Hence to respond to the future extremes of the health spectrum, the government’s policy to freeze the quota of total physicians to just 1,300 graduates ever since 2008 needs reconsideration now. How should postgraduate medical students prepare themselves to be future physicians? Even though physician training is bound to be tough, and students (candidates) are under constant distress, potential trainees should first brace themselves for the ever-changing world and adjust themselves. Second, they should constantly remind themselves of their original motive—to save people’s lives. Finally, it is advisable to take the advantage of the increasingly internet-linked world, and try to take the initiative to reach out to the outside world.

“Where there is a will, there is a way.” Though this sounds like a cliché, yet learning to articulate stories of their future outposts may lead to a win-win situation. As specialists, or general practitioners, they may not be able to solve all the problems. Yet at least they can tell their stories via podcast (or other social media) so that the outsiders can hear the true stories and apply different ways to help. In other words, they shouldn’t ____ themselves to the comfort zone, or take the city living standard for granted. If they change their mindset, they would really feel rewarded by the help they render to others, and benefit their own body, soul, and spirit.

Where does the following sentence best belong?

“Their issues are too broad to be the focus of this passage.”

【題組共用題幹】

How would big data play a role in the twenty-first century medicine? To answer this question, we may learn something from the forerunners—the Dutch and the Japanese. Though from very different cultural contexts, both collect big data not only to analyze the existing problems, but also to predict the future curve concerning both personal and public health wisely.

It is true that the total population in Taiwan is decreasing, but people are also living longer. Therefore, a lot of the Public Health Insurance payments go to the aging and the unhealthy disproportionately. To stop this imbalanced money drain, we should promote the preventive medicine, reduce bedridden days, and encourage the signing of donor cards—though the last one might be a cultural taboo difficult to break in the short term.

Meanwhile, there is another factor—our contemporary society is getting more and more M-shaped. On the one hand, the rich get richer; on the other, the poor become poorer. This results in their different types of unhealthiness: the rich would get more obese, leading to chronic diseases such as cardiovascular ones, or diabetes, as well as mental problems; the poor, confronted with worsening living conditions, might develop alcoholism, drug addiction, and another set of mental illnesses. Not to mention the middle class who suffer yet another set of psychosomatic problems. Their issues are too broad to be the focus of this passage.

Hence to respond to the future extremes of the health spectrum, the government’s policy to freeze the quota of total physicians to just 1,300 graduates ever since 2008 needs reconsideration now. How should postgraduate medical students prepare themselves to be future physicians? Even though physician training is bound to be tough, and students (candidates) are under constant distress, potential trainees should first brace themselves for the ever-changing world and adjust themselves. Second, they should constantly remind themselves of their original motive—to save people’s lives. Finally, it is advisable to take the advantage of the increasingly internet-linked world, and try to take the initiative to reach out to the outside world.

“Where there is a will, there is a way.” Though this sounds like a cliché, yet learning to articulate stories of their future outposts may lead to a win-win situation. As specialists, or general practitioners, they may not be able to solve all the problems. Yet at least they can tell their stories via podcast (or other social media) so that the outsiders can hear the true stories and apply different ways to help. In other words, they shouldn’t ____ themselves to the comfort zone, or take the city living standard for granted. If they change their mindset, they would really feel rewarded by the help they render to others, and benefit their own body, soul, and spirit.

What can be inferred from paragraph 2?

【題組共用題幹】

How would big data play a role in the twenty-first century medicine? To answer this question, we may learn something from the forerunners—the Dutch and the Japanese. Though from very different cultural contexts, both collect big data not only to analyze the existing problems, but also to predict the future curve concerning both personal and public health wisely.

It is true that the total population in Taiwan is decreasing, but people are also living longer. Therefore, a lot of the Public Health Insurance payments go to the aging and the unhealthy disproportionately. To stop this imbalanced money drain, we should promote the preventive medicine, reduce bedridden days, and encourage the signing of donor cards—though the last one might be a cultural taboo difficult to break in the short term.

Meanwhile, there is another factor—our contemporary society is getting more and more M-shaped. On the one hand, the rich get richer; on the other, the poor become poorer. This results in their different types of unhealthiness: the rich would get more obese, leading to chronic diseases such as cardiovascular ones, or diabetes, as well as mental problems; the poor, confronted with worsening living conditions, might develop alcoholism, drug addiction, and another set of mental illnesses. Not to mention the middle class who suffer yet another set of psychosomatic problems. Their issues are too broad to be the focus of this passage.

Hence to respond to the future extremes of the health spectrum, the government’s policy to freeze the quota of total physicians to just 1,300 graduates ever since 2008 needs reconsideration now. How should postgraduate medical students prepare themselves to be future physicians? Even though physician training is bound to be tough, and students (candidates) are under constant distress, potential trainees should first brace themselves for the ever-changing world and adjust themselves. Second, they should constantly remind themselves of their original motive—to save people’s lives. Finally, it is advisable to take the advantage of the increasingly internet-linked world, and try to take the initiative to reach out to the outside world.

“Where there is a will, there is a way.” Though this sounds like a cliché, yet learning to articulate stories of their future outposts may lead to a win-win situation. As specialists, or general practitioners, they may not be able to solve all the problems. Yet at least they can tell their stories via podcast (or other social media) so that the outsiders can hear the true stories and apply different ways to help. In other words, they shouldn’t ____ themselves to the comfort zone, or take the city living standard for granted. If they change their mindset, they would really feel rewarded by the help they render to others, and benefit their own body, soul, and spirit.

Which of the following is discussed in paragraph 3 as a main factor in our contemporary society?

【題組共用題幹】

How would big data play a role in the twenty-first century medicine? To answer this question, we may learn something from the forerunners—the Dutch and the Japanese. Though from very different cultural contexts, both collect big data not only to analyze the existing problems, but also to predict the future curve concerning both personal and public health wisely.

It is true that the total population in Taiwan is decreasing, but people are also living longer. Therefore, a lot of the Public Health Insurance payments go to the aging and the unhealthy disproportionately. To stop this imbalanced money drain, we should promote the preventive medicine, reduce bedridden days, and encourage the signing of donor cards—though the last one might be a cultural taboo difficult to break in the short term.

Meanwhile, there is another factor—our contemporary society is getting more and more M-shaped. On the one hand, the rich get richer; on the other, the poor become poorer. This results in their different types of unhealthiness: the rich would get more obese, leading to chronic diseases such as cardiovascular ones, or diabetes, as well as mental problems; the poor, confronted with worsening living conditions, might develop alcoholism, drug addiction, and another set of mental illnesses. Not to mention the middle class who suffer yet another set of psychosomatic problems. Their issues are too broad to be the focus of this passage.

Hence to respond to the future extremes of the health spectrum, the government’s policy to freeze the quota of total physicians to just 1,300 graduates ever since 2008 needs reconsideration now. How should postgraduate medical students prepare themselves to be future physicians? Even though physician training is bound to be tough, and students (candidates) are under constant distress, potential trainees should first brace themselves for the ever-changing world and adjust themselves. Second, they should constantly remind themselves of their original motive—to save people’s lives. Finally, it is advisable to take the advantage of the increasingly internet-linked world, and try to take the initiative to reach out to the outside world.

“Where there is a will, there is a way.” Though this sounds like a cliché, yet learning to articulate stories of their future outposts may lead to a win-win situation. As specialists, or general practitioners, they may not be able to solve all the problems. Yet at least they can tell their stories via podcast (or other social media) so that the outsiders can hear the true stories and apply different ways to help. In other words, they shouldn’t ____ themselves to the comfort zone, or take the city living standard for granted. If they change their mindset, they would really feel rewarded by the help they render to others, and benefit their own body, soul, and spirit.

The word “cliché” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ____.

【題組共用題幹】

How would big data play a role in the twenty-first century medicine? To answer this question, we may learn something from the forerunners—the Dutch and the Japanese. Though from very different cultural contexts, both collect big data not only to analyze the existing problems, but also to predict the future curve concerning both personal and public health wisely.

It is true that the total population in Taiwan is decreasing, but people are also living longer. Therefore, a lot of the Public Health Insurance payments go to the aging and the unhealthy disproportionately. To stop this imbalanced money drain, we should promote the preventive medicine, reduce bedridden days, and encourage the signing of donor cards—though the last one might be a cultural taboo difficult to break in the short term.

Meanwhile, there is another factor—our contemporary society is getting more and more M-shaped. On the one hand, the rich get richer; on the other, the poor become poorer. This results in their different types of unhealthiness: the rich would get more obese, leading to chronic diseases such as cardiovascular ones, or diabetes, as well as mental problems; the poor, confronted with worsening living conditions, might develop alcoholism, drug addiction, and another set of mental illnesses. Not to mention the middle class who suffer yet another set of psychosomatic problems. Their issues are too broad to be the focus of this passage.

Hence to respond to the future extremes of the health spectrum, the government’s policy to freeze the quota of total physicians to just 1,300 graduates ever since 2008 needs reconsideration now. How should postgraduate medical students prepare themselves to be future physicians? Even though physician training is bound to be tough, and students (candidates) are under constant distress, potential trainees should first brace themselves for the ever-changing world and adjust themselves. Second, they should constantly remind themselves of their original motive—to save people’s lives. Finally, it is advisable to take the advantage of the increasingly internet-linked world, and try to take the initiative to reach out to the outside world.

“Where there is a will, there is a way.” Though this sounds like a cliché, yet learning to articulate stories of their future outposts may lead to a win-win situation. As specialists, or general practitioners, they may not be able to solve all the problems. Yet at least they can tell their stories via podcast (or other social media) so that the outsiders can hear the true stories and apply different ways to help. In other words, they shouldn’t ____ themselves to the comfort zone, or take the city living standard for granted. If they change their mindset, they would really feel rewarded by the help they render to others, and benefit their own body, soul, and spirit.

Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information given to postgraduate med students in the highlighted sentence in paragraph 4?

【題組共用題幹】

How would big data play a role in the twenty-first century medicine? To answer this question, we may learn something from the forerunners—the Dutch and the Japanese. Though from very different cultural contexts, both collect big data not only to analyze the existing problems, but also to predict the future curve concerning both personal and public health wisely.

It is true that the total population in Taiwan is decreasing, but people are also living longer. Therefore, a lot of the Public Health Insurance payments go to the aging and the unhealthy disproportionately. To stop this imbalanced money drain, we should promote the preventive medicine, reduce bedridden days, and encourage the signing of donor cards—though the last one might be a cultural taboo difficult to break in the short term.

Meanwhile, there is another factor—our contemporary society is getting more and more M-shaped. On the one hand, the rich get richer; on the other, the poor become poorer. This results in their different types of unhealthiness: the rich would get more obese, leading to chronic diseases such as cardiovascular ones, or diabetes, as well as mental problems; the poor, confronted with worsening living conditions, might develop alcoholism, drug addiction, and another set of mental illnesses. Not to mention the middle class who suffer yet another set of psychosomatic problems. Their issues are too broad to be the focus of this passage.

Hence to respond to the future extremes of the health spectrum, the government’s policy to freeze the quota of total physicians to just 1,300 graduates ever since 2008 needs reconsideration now. How should postgraduate medical students prepare themselves to be future physicians? Even though physician training is bound to be tough, and students (candidates) are under constant distress, potential trainees should first brace themselves for the ever-changing world and adjust themselves. Second, they should constantly remind themselves of their original motive—to save people’s lives. Finally, it is advisable to take the advantage of the increasingly internet-linked world, and try to take the initiative to reach out to the outside world.

“Where there is a will, there is a way.” Though this sounds like a cliché, yet learning to articulate stories of their future outposts may lead to a win-win situation. As specialists, or general practitioners, they may not be able to solve all the problems. Yet at least they can tell their stories via podcast (or other social media) so that the outsiders can hear the true stories and apply different ways to help. In other words, they shouldn’t ____ themselves to the comfort zone, or take the city living standard for granted. If they change their mindset, they would really feel rewarded by the help they render to others, and benefit their own body, soul, and spirit.

Which of the following set of problems does the word “psychosomatic” in paragraph 3 refer to?

【題組共用題幹】

How would big data play a role in the twenty-first century medicine? To answer this question, we may learn something from the forerunners—the Dutch and the Japanese. Though from very different cultural contexts, both collect big data not only to analyze the existing problems, but also to predict the future curve concerning both personal and public health wisely.

It is true that the total population in Taiwan is decreasing, but people are also living longer. Therefore, a lot of the Public Health Insurance payments go to the aging and the unhealthy disproportionately. To stop this imbalanced money drain, we should promote the preventive medicine, reduce bedridden days, and encourage the signing of donor cards—though the last one might be a cultural taboo difficult to break in the short term.

Meanwhile, there is another factor—our contemporary society is getting more and more M-shaped. On the one hand, the rich get richer; on the other, the poor become poorer. This results in their different types of unhealthiness: the rich would get more obese, leading to chronic diseases such as cardiovascular ones, or diabetes, as well as mental problems; the poor, confronted with worsening living conditions, might develop alcoholism, drug addiction, and another set of mental illnesses. Not to mention the middle class who suffer yet another set of psychosomatic problems. Their issues are too broad to be the focus of this passage.

Hence to respond to the future extremes of the health spectrum, the government’s policy to freeze the quota of total physicians to just 1,300 graduates ever since 2008 needs reconsideration now. How should postgraduate medical students prepare themselves to be future physicians? Even though physician training is bound to be tough, and students (candidates) are under constant distress, potential trainees should first brace themselves for the ever-changing world and adjust themselves. Second, they should constantly remind themselves of their original motive—to save people’s lives. Finally, it is advisable to take the advantage of the increasingly internet-linked world, and try to take the initiative to reach out to the outside world.

“Where there is a will, there is a way.” Though this sounds like a cliché, yet learning to articulate stories of their future outposts may lead to a win-win situation. As specialists, or general practitioners, they may not be able to solve all the problems. Yet at least they can tell their stories via podcast (or other social media) so that the outsiders can hear the true stories and apply different ways to help. In other words, they shouldn’t ____ themselves to the comfort zone, or take the city living standard for granted. If they change their mindset, they would really feel rewarded by the help they render to others, and benefit their own body, soul, and spirit.

All the following are suggestions to potential postgraduate medical students if they face the challenges EXCEPT:

【題組共用題幹】

How would big data play a role in the twenty-first century medicine? To answer this question, we may learn something from the forerunners—the Dutch and the Japanese. Though from very different cultural contexts, both collect big data not only to analyze the existing problems, but also to predict the future curve concerning both personal and public health wisely.

It is true that the total population in Taiwan is decreasing, but people are also living longer. Therefore, a lot of the Public Health Insurance payments go to the aging and the unhealthy disproportionately. To stop this imbalanced money drain, we should promote the preventive medicine, reduce bedridden days, and encourage the signing of donor cards—though the last one might be a cultural taboo difficult to break in the short term.

Meanwhile, there is another factor—our contemporary society is getting more and more M-shaped. On the one hand, the rich get richer; on the other, the poor become poorer. This results in their different types of unhealthiness: the rich would get more obese, leading to chronic diseases such as cardiovascular ones, or diabetes, as well as mental problems; the poor, confronted with worsening living conditions, might develop alcoholism, drug addiction, and another set of mental illnesses. Not to mention the middle class who suffer yet another set of psychosomatic problems. Their issues are too broad to be the focus of this passage.

Hence to respond to the future extremes of the health spectrum, the government’s policy to freeze the quota of total physicians to just 1,300 graduates ever since 2008 needs reconsideration now. How should postgraduate medical students prepare themselves to be future physicians? Even though physician training is bound to be tough, and students (candidates) are under constant distress, potential trainees should first brace themselves for the ever-changing world and adjust themselves. Second, they should constantly remind themselves of their original motive—to save people’s lives. Finally, it is advisable to take the advantage of the increasingly internet-linked world, and try to take the initiative to reach out to the outside world.

“Where there is a will, there is a way.” Though this sounds like a cliché, yet learning to articulate stories of their future outposts may lead to a win-win situation. As specialists, or general practitioners, they may not be able to solve all the problems. Yet at least they can tell their stories via podcast (or other social media) so that the outsiders can hear the true stories and apply different ways to help. In other words, they shouldn’t ____ themselves to the comfort zone, or take the city living standard for granted. If they change their mindset, they would really feel rewarded by the help they render to others, and benefit their own body, soul, and spirit.

What is the purpose of the conclusion sentence?

【題組共用題幹】

How would big data play a role in the twenty-first century medicine? To answer this question, we may learn something from the forerunners—the Dutch and the Japanese. Though from very different cultural contexts, both collect big data not only to analyze the existing problems, but also to predict the future curve concerning both personal and public health wisely.

It is true that the total population in Taiwan is decreasing, but people are also living longer. Therefore, a lot of the Public Health Insurance payments go to the aging and the unhealthy disproportionately. To stop this imbalanced money drain, we should promote the preventive medicine, reduce bedridden days, and encourage the signing of donor cards—though the last one might be a cultural taboo difficult to break in the short term.

Meanwhile, there is another factor—our contemporary society is getting more and more M-shaped. On the one hand, the rich get richer; on the other, the poor become poorer. This results in their different types of unhealthiness: the rich would get more obese, leading to chronic diseases such as cardiovascular ones, or diabetes, as well as mental problems; the poor, confronted with worsening living conditions, might develop alcoholism, drug addiction, and another set of mental illnesses. Not to mention the middle class who suffer yet another set of psychosomatic problems. Their issues are too broad to be the focus of this passage.

Hence to respond to the future extremes of the health spectrum, the government’s policy to freeze the quota of total physicians to just 1,300 graduates ever since 2008 needs reconsideration now. How should postgraduate medical students prepare themselves to be future physicians? Even though physician training is bound to be tough, and students (candidates) are under constant distress, potential trainees should first brace themselves for the ever-changing world and adjust themselves. Second, they should constantly remind themselves of their original motive—to save people’s lives. Finally, it is advisable to take the advantage of the increasingly internet-linked world, and try to take the initiative to reach out to the outside world.

“Where there is a will, there is a way.” Though this sounds like a cliché, yet learning to articulate stories of their future outposts may lead to a win-win situation. As specialists, or general practitioners, they may not be able to solve all the problems. Yet at least they can tell their stories via podcast (or other social media) so that the outsiders can hear the true stories and apply different ways to help. In other words, they shouldn’t ____ themselves to the comfort zone, or take the city living standard for granted. If they change their mindset, they would really feel rewarded by the help they render to others, and benefit their own body, soul, and spirit.

The most appropriate answer to the blank in the final paragraph is ____.

【題組共用題幹】

Born in 1870, Dr. David Landsborough III (蘭大衛), the founder of Changhua Christian Hospital which was founded in 1896 as one of the first teaching hospitals in Formosa, was a British missionary and physician, also a pioneer to Taiwan. Growing up in Scotland in a religious family, he took a boat journey of three months from there to Taiwan, and spent even more months in learning the local language. Going back to England for the last time in 1936, he left a great legacy of love. His son, David Landsborough IV, continued his missionary work for decades afterwards.

Dr. Lan, as Taiwanese nicknamed him, was a role model to everyone who would like to be extremely altruistic to anyone in need. The most famous feat was that he was willing to cut partial skin of his wife (née Marjorie Learner 連瑪玉), another missionary to Taiwan, under her suggestion, to graft onto an adolescent patient Chou Chin-Yao to prevent his skin ulcers around his knee from deterioration and eventual amputation. Though this unprecedented operation did not succeed due to Chou’s rejection mechanism, he still survived, required no amputation, and became a missionary too.

This is not just a touching story to the local Changhua community. David Landsborough III continued to practice allograft, or allotransplantation, a kind of surgery to graft tissues from a donor to a recipient of the same species but not genetically identical. (Though references are now unavailable.) Yet in 1958, another Taiwanese medical pioneer, Dr. Tsung-Ming Tu (杜聰明), the founder of Kaohsiung Medical School, invited David Landsborough III’s widow right after his death in the previous year, to speak the aforementioned story in front of students at Kaohsiung Medical School. The story was painted down by a famous Taiwanese artist Lee Shih-Chiao (李石樵) as an oil painting and preserved at Kaohsiung Medical School as a professional model to follow, even to this day.

In today’s society, if physician-patient relationships can imitate a bit from this model, we might end up with a better society.

According to the passage, which of the following statements is true about David Landsborough III?

【題組共用題幹】

Born in 1870, Dr. David Landsborough III (蘭大衛), the founder of Changhua Christian Hospital which was founded in 1896 as one of the first teaching hospitals in Formosa, was a British missionary and physician, also a pioneer to Taiwan. Growing up in Scotland in a religious family, he took a boat journey of three months from there to Taiwan, and spent even more months in learning the local language. Going back to England for the last time in 1936, he left a great legacy of love. His son, David Landsborough IV, continued his missionary work for decades afterwards.

Dr. Lan, as Taiwanese nicknamed him, was a role model to everyone who would like to be extremely altruistic to anyone in need. The most famous feat was that he was willing to cut partial skin of his wife (née Marjorie Learner 連瑪玉), another missionary to Taiwan, under her suggestion, to graft onto an adolescent patient Chou Chin-Yao to prevent his skin ulcers around his knee from deterioration and eventual amputation. Though this unprecedented operation did not succeed due to Chou’s rejection mechanism, he still survived, required no amputation, and became a missionary too.

This is not just a touching story to the local Changhua community. David Landsborough III continued to practice allograft, or allotransplantation, a kind of surgery to graft tissues from a donor to a recipient of the same species but not genetically identical. (Though references are now unavailable.) Yet in 1958, another Taiwanese medical pioneer, Dr. Tsung-Ming Tu (杜聰明), the founder of Kaohsiung Medical School, invited David Landsborough III’s widow right after his death in the previous year, to speak the aforementioned story in front of students at Kaohsiung Medical School. The story was painted down by a famous Taiwanese artist Lee Shih-Chiao (李石樵) as an oil painting and preserved at Kaohsiung Medical School as a professional model to follow, even to this day.

In today’s society, if physician-patient relationships can imitate a bit from this model, we might end up with a better society.

The word “altruistic” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to:

【題組共用題幹】

Born in 1870, Dr. David Landsborough III (蘭大衛), the founder of Changhua Christian Hospital which was founded in 1896 as one of the first teaching hospitals in Formosa, was a British missionary and physician, also a pioneer to Taiwan. Growing up in Scotland in a religious family, he took a boat journey of three months from there to Taiwan, and spent even more months in learning the local language. Going back to England for the last time in 1936, he left a great legacy of love. His son, David Landsborough IV, continued his missionary work for decades afterwards.

Dr. Lan, as Taiwanese nicknamed him, was a role model to everyone who would like to be extremely altruistic to anyone in need. The most famous feat was that he was willing to cut partial skin of his wife (née Marjorie Learner 連瑪玉), another missionary to Taiwan, under her suggestion, to graft onto an adolescent patient Chou Chin-Yao to prevent his skin ulcers around his knee from deterioration and eventual amputation. Though this unprecedented operation did not succeed due to Chou’s rejection mechanism, he still survived, required no amputation, and became a missionary too.

This is not just a touching story to the local Changhua community. David Landsborough III continued to practice allograft, or allotransplantation, a kind of surgery to graft tissues from a donor to a recipient of the same species but not genetically identical. (Though references are now unavailable.) Yet in 1958, another Taiwanese medical pioneer, Dr. Tsung-Ming Tu (杜聰明), the founder of Kaohsiung Medical School, invited David Landsborough III’s widow right after his death in the previous year, to speak the aforementioned story in front of students at Kaohsiung Medical School. The story was painted down by a famous Taiwanese artist Lee Shih-Chiao (李石樵) as an oil painting and preserved at Kaohsiung Medical School as a professional model to follow, even to this day.

In today’s society, if physician-patient relationships can imitate a bit from this model, we might end up with a better society.

According to the passage, which of the following statements is true about Marjorie Learner?

【題組共用題幹】

Born in 1870, Dr. David Landsborough III (蘭大衛), the founder of Changhua Christian Hospital which was founded in 1896 as one of the first teaching hospitals in Formosa, was a British missionary and physician, also a pioneer to Taiwan. Growing up in Scotland in a religious family, he took a boat journey of three months from there to Taiwan, and spent even more months in learning the local language. Going back to England for the last time in 1936, he left a great legacy of love. His son, David Landsborough IV, continued his missionary work for decades afterwards.

Dr. Lan, as Taiwanese nicknamed him, was a role model to everyone who would like to be extremely altruistic to anyone in need. The most famous feat was that he was willing to cut partial skin of his wife (née Marjorie Learner 連瑪玉), another missionary to Taiwan, under her suggestion, to graft onto an adolescent patient Chou Chin-Yao to prevent his skin ulcers around his knee from deterioration and eventual amputation. Though this unprecedented operation did not succeed due to Chou’s rejection mechanism, he still survived, required no amputation, and became a missionary too.

This is not just a touching story to the local Changhua community. David Landsborough III continued to practice allograft, or allotransplantation, a kind of surgery to graft tissues from a donor to a recipient of the same species but not genetically identical. (Though references are now unavailable.) Yet in 1958, another Taiwanese medical pioneer, Dr. Tsung-Ming Tu (杜聰明), the founder of Kaohsiung Medical School, invited David Landsborough III’s widow right after his death in the previous year, to speak the aforementioned story in front of students at Kaohsiung Medical School. The story was painted down by a famous Taiwanese artist Lee Shih-Chiao (李石樵) as an oil painting and preserved at Kaohsiung Medical School as a professional model to follow, even to this day.

In today’s society, if physician-patient relationships can imitate a bit from this model, we might end up with a better society.

According to the passage, what happened to Chou Chin-Yao?

【題組共用題幹】

Born in 1870, Dr. David Landsborough III (蘭大衛), the founder of Changhua Christian Hospital which was founded in 1896 as one of the first teaching hospitals in Formosa, was a British missionary and physician, also a pioneer to Taiwan. Growing up in Scotland in a religious family, he took a boat journey of three months from there to Taiwan, and spent even more months in learning the local language. Going back to England for the last time in 1936, he left a great legacy of love. His son, David Landsborough IV, continued his missionary work for decades afterwards.

Dr. Lan, as Taiwanese nicknamed him, was a role model to everyone who would like to be extremely altruistic to anyone in need. The most famous feat was that he was willing to cut partial skin of his wife (née Marjorie Learner 連瑪玉), another missionary to Taiwan, under her suggestion, to graft onto an adolescent patient Chou Chin-Yao to prevent his skin ulcers around his knee from deterioration and eventual amputation. Though this unprecedented operation did not succeed due to Chou’s rejection mechanism, he still survived, required no amputation, and became a missionary too.

This is not just a touching story to the local Changhua community. David Landsborough III continued to practice allograft, or allotransplantation, a kind of surgery to graft tissues from a donor to a recipient of the same species but not genetically identical. (Though references are now unavailable.) Yet in 1958, another Taiwanese medical pioneer, Dr. Tsung-Ming Tu (杜聰明), the founder of Kaohsiung Medical School, invited David Landsborough III’s widow right after his death in the previous year, to speak the aforementioned story in front of students at Kaohsiung Medical School. The story was painted down by a famous Taiwanese artist Lee Shih-Chiao (李石樵) as an oil painting and preserved at Kaohsiung Medical School as a professional model to follow, even to this day.

In today’s society, if physician-patient relationships can imitate a bit from this model, we might end up with a better society.

Which of the following best describes what the passage is about?