義守大學 107 年 《英文》

I. Vocabulary and Usage: Please choose the BEST answer to complete each sentence.

Jenny and Ann form a _______ team because the former excels in business, while the latter takes care of the PR and marketing.

(A) complementary
(B) documentary
(C) deficiency
(D) primitive

Alex was a _______ opponent, and I respected him for that.

(A) forbidding
(B) dreadful
(C) formidable
(D) threatening

All clothing sold in Hanshin is made from natural materials and contains no _______ dyes.

(A) immediate
(B) synthetic
(C) reasonable
(D) assumed

The doctor _______ warned me not to eat seafood because I would have a severe allergic reaction to it.

(A) specifically
(B) miraculously
(C) conversely
(D) scarcely

What is the normal reflex on _______ when lights stimulate a person’s eyes?

(A) eyelet
(B) pupils
(C) eyelid
(D) eyebrow

Sara has been in a _______ since last week after she fell down the stairs.

(A) coma
(B) obesity
(C) pneumonia
(D) scarlet fever

Paranasal sinusitis is an infection of the _______.

(A) inner ear
(B) throat
(C) lymph nodes in the neck
(D) sinuses around the nose

_______, the spice that gives curry powder its yellow hue, is used in Indian medicine to stimulate the appetite and as a digestive aid.

(A) Turmeric
(B) Paprika
(C) Nutmeg
(D) Cinnamon

Chinese Traditional Medicine has a complete theory about the _______, development and treatment of diseases.

(A) spirit
(B) occurrence
(C) obsession
(D) determination

II. Grammar: Please choose the BEST answer for each question.

How long does the medication remain _______?

(A) effect
(B) effectuate
(C) effectively
(D) effective

The doctor urges that the patient _______ to the emergency room if he has a fever again.

(A) comes
(B) came
(C) come
(D) will come

Remember to _______ your blood pressure every day after your discharge.

(A) take
(B) bring
(C) count
(D) carry

_______ power failure, it’s better to change the batteries once in three months.

(A) Avoiding
(B) Having avoided
(C) To avoid
(D) Avoid

If he’d been driving more carefully, he ________ have had an accident.

(A) will not
(B) wouldn’t
(C) would
(D) will

The man sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. He _______ before.

(A) hasn’t flown
(B) didn’t fly
(C) hadn’t flown
(D) wasn’t flying

He was _______ when his mother found the cinema ticket in his pocket. He had promised her he was at home studying.

(A) caught out
(B) caught on
(C) clowned around
(D) let down

What’s the name of the man _______?

(A) you borrowed his car
(B) which car you borrowed
(C) his car you borrowed
(D) whose car you borrowed

Lora said she ________ interested in going to a museum.

(A) hasn’t been
(B) hadn’t been
(C) isn’t
(D) wasn’t

The person with _______ you should be registering your complaint is the manager, but he’s unavailable at the moment.

(A) who
(B) whose
(C) whom
(D) which

III. Cloze Test: Please choose the BEST answer for each blank.

【題組共用題幹】

Asthma is an allergic reaction in the lungs. The muscles in the lungs 21, blocking the airways from the trachea to the alveoli. The symptoms of asthma often include coughing, 22 in the chest, shortness of breath, and/or wheezing. Often, people who have asthma find it hard to breathe, and they frequently have problems when exercising or trying to keep fit. They may also produce a “wheezing” sound when they breathe. In extreme cases, they will have asthma attacks, also known as asthma 23, which can be life threatening.

Asthma and allergies are related because allergens can trigger asthma attacks. Patients who work in environments where allergens are common may also develop asthma. In the late 20th century, scientists found 24 proof to previous theory to the cause of asthma. They now theorize it is healthier lives and lack of exposure to pathogens. Like allergies, asthma develops 25 time, and patients are not born with the disease.

21. The muscles in the lungs _______.

(A) disruption
(B) vibration
(C) spasm
(D) operation

III. Cloze Test: Please choose the BEST answer for each blank.

【題組共用題幹】

Asthma is an allergic reaction in the lungs. The muscles in the lungs 21, blocking the airways from the trachea to the alveoli. The symptoms of asthma often include coughing, 22 in the chest, shortness of breath, and/or wheezing. Often, people who have asthma find it hard to breathe, and they frequently have problems when exercising or trying to keep fit. They may also produce a “wheezing” sound when they breathe. In extreme cases, they will have asthma attacks, also known as asthma 23, which can be life threatening.

Asthma and allergies are related because allergens can trigger asthma attacks. Patients who work in environments where allergens are common may also develop asthma. In the late 20th century, scientists found 24 proof to previous theory to the cause of asthma. They now theorize it is healthier lives and lack of exposure to pathogens. Like allergies, asthma develops 25 time, and patients are not born with the disease.

22. The symptoms of asthma often include coughing, _______ in the chest, shortness of breath, and/or wheezing.

(A) tightness
(B) coolness
(C) chill
(D) iciness

III. Cloze Test: Please choose the BEST answer for each blank.

【題組共用題幹】

Asthma is an allergic reaction in the lungs. The muscles in the lungs 21, blocking the airways from the trachea to the alveoli. The symptoms of asthma often include coughing, 22 in the chest, shortness of breath, and/or wheezing. Often, people who have asthma find it hard to breathe, and they frequently have problems when exercising or trying to keep fit. They may also produce a “wheezing” sound when they breathe. In extreme cases, they will have asthma attacks, also known as asthma 23, which can be life threatening.

Asthma and allergies are related because allergens can trigger asthma attacks. Patients who work in environments where allergens are common may also develop asthma. In the late 20th century, scientists found 24 proof to previous theory to the cause of asthma. They now theorize it is healthier lives and lack of exposure to pathogens. Like allergies, asthma develops 25 time, and patients are not born with the disease.

23. In extreme cases, they will have asthma attacks, also known as asthma ________, which can be life threatening.

(A) extension
(B) exacerbation
(C) exaggeration
(D) exhaustion

III. Cloze Test: Please choose the BEST answer for each blank.

【題組共用題幹】

Asthma is an allergic reaction in the lungs. The muscles in the lungs 21, blocking the airways from the trachea to the alveoli. The symptoms of asthma often include coughing, 22 in the chest, shortness of breath, and/or wheezing. Often, people who have asthma find it hard to breathe, and they frequently have problems when exercising or trying to keep fit. They may also produce a “wheezing” sound when they breathe. In extreme cases, they will have asthma attacks, also known as asthma 23, which can be life threatening.

Asthma and allergies are related because allergens can trigger asthma attacks. Patients who work in environments where allergens are common may also develop asthma. In the late 20th century, scientists found 24 proof to previous theory to the cause of asthma. They now theorize it is healthier lives and lack of exposure to pathogens. Like allergies, asthma develops 25 time, and patients are not born with the disease.

24. In the late 20th century, scientists found _______ proof to previous theory to the cause of asthma.

(A) definite
(B) solid
(C) absolute
(D) contradictory

III. Cloze Test: Please choose the BEST answer for each blank.

【題組共用題幹】

Asthma is an allergic reaction in the lungs. The muscles in the lungs 21, blocking the airways from the trachea to the alveoli. The symptoms of asthma often include coughing, 22 in the chest, shortness of breath, and/or wheezing. Often, people who have asthma find it hard to breathe, and they frequently have problems when exercising or trying to keep fit. They may also produce a “wheezing” sound when they breathe. In extreme cases, they will have asthma attacks, also known as asthma 23, which can be life threatening.

Asthma and allergies are related because allergens can trigger asthma attacks. Patients who work in environments where allergens are common may also develop asthma. In the late 20th century, scientists found 24 proof to previous theory to the cause of asthma. They now theorize it is healthier lives and lack of exposure to pathogens. Like allergies, asthma develops 25 time, and patients are not born with the disease.

25. Like allergies, asthma develops _______ time, and patients are not born with the disease.

(A) at
(B) over
(C) in
(D) on

III. Cloze Test: Please choose the BEST answer for each blank.

【題組共用題幹】

Interactive virtual reality (VR) brings medical images to life on screen, showing interventional radiologists a patient’s unique internal anatomy to help 26 effectively prepare and tailor their approach to complex treatments, such as splenic artery aneurysm repair, 27 new research being presented today at the Society of Interventional Radiology’s 2018 Annual Scientific Meeting. VR turns a patient’s pre-procedural CT scans 28 3-D images that the radiologist can virtually move and examine while wearing virtual reality-type glasses. By allowing the operator to manipulate routine, two-dimensional images in an open three-dimensional space, VR provides a look into a patients’ organs and tissues that 29 possible outside of the human body, until now. As a result, the operator is armed with a deeper and intuitive understanding of spatial relationships, such as 30 an aneurysm and the surrounding arteries.

26. Interactive virtual reality (VR) brings medical images to life on screen, showing interventional radiologists a patient’s unique internal anatomy to help _______ effectively prepare and tailor their approach to complex treatments.

(A) physicians
(B) nutritionist
(C) nurses
(D) consultants

III. Cloze Test: Please choose the BEST answer for each blank.

【題組共用題幹】

Interactive virtual reality (VR) brings medical images to life on screen, showing interventional radiologists a patient’s unique internal anatomy to help 26 effectively prepare and tailor their approach to complex treatments, such as splenic artery aneurysm repair, 27 new research being presented today at the Society of Interventional Radiology’s 2018 Annual Scientific Meeting. VR turns a patient’s pre-procedural CT scans 28 3-D images that the radiologist can virtually move and examine while wearing virtual reality-type glasses. By allowing the operator to manipulate routine, two-dimensional images in an open three-dimensional space, VR provides a look into a patients’ organs and tissues that 29 possible outside of the human body, until now. As a result, the operator is armed with a deeper and intuitive understanding of spatial relationships, such as 30 an aneurysm and the surrounding arteries.

27. Interactive virtual reality (VR) brings medical images to life on screen, showing interventional radiologists a patient’s unique internal anatomy to help 26 effectively prepare and tailor their approach to complex treatments, such as splenic artery aneurysm repair, _______ new research being presented today at the Society of Interventional Radiology’s 2018 Annual Scientific Meeting.

(A) in general
(B) as soon as
(C) for that
(D) according to

III. Cloze Test: Please choose the BEST answer for each blank.

【題組共用題幹】

Interactive virtual reality (VR) brings medical images to life on screen, showing interventional radiologists a patient’s unique internal anatomy to help 26 effectively prepare and tailor their approach to complex treatments, such as splenic artery aneurysm repair, 27 new research being presented today at the Society of Interventional Radiology’s 2018 Annual Scientific Meeting. VR turns a patient’s pre-procedural CT scans 28 3-D images that the radiologist can virtually move and examine while wearing virtual reality-type glasses. By allowing the operator to manipulate routine, two-dimensional images in an open three-dimensional space, VR provides a look into a patients’ organs and tissues that 29 possible outside of the human body, until now. As a result, the operator is armed with a deeper and intuitive understanding of spatial relationships, such as 30 an aneurysm and the surrounding arteries.

28. VR turns a patient’s pre-procedural CT scans _______ 3-D images that the radiologist can virtually move and examine while wearing virtual reality-type glasses.

(A) in
(B) at
(C) into
(D) for

III. Cloze Test: Please choose the BEST answer for each blank.

【題組共用題幹】

Interactive virtual reality (VR) brings medical images to life on screen, showing interventional radiologists a patient’s unique internal anatomy to help 26 effectively prepare and tailor their approach to complex treatments, such as splenic artery aneurysm repair, 27 new research being presented today at the Society of Interventional Radiology’s 2018 Annual Scientific Meeting. VR turns a patient’s pre-procedural CT scans 28 3-D images that the radiologist can virtually move and examine while wearing virtual reality-type glasses. By allowing the operator to manipulate routine, two-dimensional images in an open three-dimensional space, VR provides a look into a patients’ organs and tissues that 29 possible outside of the human body, until now. As a result, the operator is armed with a deeper and intuitive understanding of spatial relationships, such as 30 an aneurysm and the surrounding arteries.

29. VR provides a look into a patients’ organs and tissues that _______ possible outside of the human body, until now.

(A) is not
(B) had not been
(C) has not being
(D) had being

III. Cloze Test: Please choose the BEST answer for each blank.

【題組共用題幹】

Interactive virtual reality (VR) brings medical images to life on screen, showing interventional radiologists a patient’s unique internal anatomy to help 26 effectively prepare and tailor their approach to complex treatments, such as splenic artery aneurysm repair, 27 new research being presented today at the Society of Interventional Radiology’s 2018 Annual Scientific Meeting. VR turns a patient’s pre-procedural CT scans 28 3-D images that the radiologist can virtually move and examine while wearing virtual reality-type glasses. By allowing the operator to manipulate routine, two-dimensional images in an open three-dimensional space, VR provides a look into a patients’ organs and tissues that 29 possible outside of the human body, until now. As a result, the operator is armed with a deeper and intuitive understanding of spatial relationships, such as 30 an aneurysm and the surrounding arteries.

30. As a result, the operator is armed with a deeper and intuitive understanding of spatial relationships, such as _______ an aneurysm and the surrounding arteries.

(A) for
(B) on
(C) in
(D) between

IV. Reading Comprehension: Please choose the BEST answer for each question according to the contents.

【題組共用題幹：Passage A】

The kidneys are located in the posterior part of the abdomen. The right kidney sits just below the liver, while the left kidney is under the diaphragm, next to the spleen. On the vertebral level, they are approximately positioned from T12 to L3. In a normal human adult, the kidneys are about 12 centimeters long and five centimeters thick, and weigh 150 grams. They filter the blood and secrete water and nitrogenous waste (urea, creatinine, and so forth) in the form of urine. The medical field that studies the functions and diseases of the kidneys is called nephrology.

The kidneys are composed of nephrons. Each nephron consists of a glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, and renal tubule. There are more than a million nephrons within a healthy adult kidney. The vital function of the nephron is to remove waste from blood plasma. It also helps to maintain a normal fluid balance in the body by reabsorbing water and some electrolytes back into the blood.

Urine is formed by a process of filtration and reabsorption in the nephron. Blood enters the nephron via the arteriole. As it passes through the glomerulus, water is filtered through the glomerular membrane and collected in the Bowman’s capsule. The filtrate then passes through the proximal tubule, loop of Henle, distal tubule, and collecting tubule. Other substances, such as uric acid and hydrogen ions, are also added to the urine.

The ______ kidney is situated next to the spleen.

(A) right
(B) left
(C) ventral
(D) lower

IV. Reading Comprehension: Please choose the BEST answer for each question according to the contents.

【題組共用題幹：Passage A】

The kidneys are located in the posterior part of the abdomen. The right kidney sits just below the liver, while the left kidney is under the diaphragm, next to the spleen. On the vertebral level, they are approximately positioned from T12 to L3. In a normal human adult, the kidneys are about 12 centimeters long and five centimeters thick, and weigh 150 grams. They filter the blood and secrete water and nitrogenous waste (urea, creatinine, and so forth) in the form of urine. The medical field that studies the functions and diseases of the kidneys is called nephrology.

The kidneys are composed of nephrons. Each nephron consists of a glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, and renal tubule. There are more than a million nephrons within a healthy adult kidney. The vital function of the nephron is to remove waste from blood plasma. It also helps to maintain a normal fluid balance in the body by reabsorbing water and some electrolytes back into the blood.

Urine is formed by a process of filtration and reabsorption in the nephron. Blood enters the nephron via the arteriole. As it passes through the glomerulus, water is filtered through the glomerular membrane and collected in the Bowman’s capsule. The filtrate then passes through the proximal tubule, loop of Henle, distal tubule, and collecting tubule. Other substances, such as uric acid and hydrogen ions, are also added to the urine.

Which of the following does NOT appear in the form of normal urine after the kidneys filter the blood?

(A) urea
(B) creatinine
(C) water
(D) red blood cell

IV. Reading Comprehension: Please choose the BEST answer for each question according to the contents.

【題組共用題幹：Passage A】

The kidneys are located in the posterior part of the abdomen. The right kidney sits just below the liver, while the left kidney is under the diaphragm, next to the spleen. On the vertebral level, they are approximately positioned from T12 to L3. In a normal human adult, the kidneys are about 12 centimeters long and five centimeters thick, and weigh 150 grams. They filter the blood and secrete water and nitrogenous waste (urea, creatinine, and so forth) in the form of urine. The medical field that studies the functions and diseases of the kidneys is called nephrology.

The kidneys are composed of nephrons. Each nephron consists of a glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, and renal tubule. There are more than a million nephrons within a healthy adult kidney. The vital function of the nephron is to remove waste from blood plasma. It also helps to maintain a normal fluid balance in the body by reabsorbing water and some electrolytes back into the blood.

Urine is formed by a process of filtration and reabsorption in the nephron. Blood enters the nephron via the arteriole. As it passes through the glomerulus, water is filtered through the glomerular membrane and collected in the Bowman’s capsule. The filtrate then passes through the proximal tubule, loop of Henle, distal tubule, and collecting tubule. Other substances, such as uric acid and hydrogen ions, are also added to the urine.

Which of these does NOT compose nephron?

(A) kidney
(B) Bowman’s capsule
(C) renal tubule
(D) glomerulus

IV. Reading Comprehension: Please choose the BEST answer for each question according to the contents.

【題組共用題幹：Passage A】

The kidneys are located in the posterior part of the abdomen. The right kidney sits just below the liver, while the left kidney is under the diaphragm, next to the spleen. On the vertebral level, they are approximately positioned from T12 to L3. In a normal human adult, the kidneys are about 12 centimeters long and five centimeters thick, and weigh 150 grams. They filter the blood and secrete water and nitrogenous waste (urea, creatinine, and so forth) in the form of urine. The medical field that studies the functions and diseases of the kidneys is called nephrology.

The kidneys are composed of nephrons. Each nephron consists of a glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, and renal tubule. There are more than a million nephrons within a healthy adult kidney. The vital function of the nephron is to remove waste from blood plasma. It also helps to maintain a normal fluid balance in the body by reabsorbing water and some electrolytes back into the blood.

Urine is formed by a process of filtration and reabsorption in the nephron. Blood enters the nephron via the arteriole. As it passes through the glomerulus, water is filtered through the glomerular membrane and collected in the Bowman’s capsule. The filtrate then passes through the proximal tubule, loop of Henle, distal tubule, and collecting tubule. Other substances, such as uric acid and hydrogen ions, are also added to the urine.

How many nephrons can possibly exist within a normal adult kidney?

(A) two hundred
(B) one thousand
(C) more than a million
(D) fewer than a hundred

IV. Reading Comprehension: Please choose the BEST answer for each question according to the contents.

【題組共用題幹：Passage A】

The kidneys are located in the posterior part of the abdomen. The right kidney sits just below the liver, while the left kidney is under the diaphragm, next to the spleen. On the vertebral level, they are approximately positioned from T12 to L3. In a normal human adult, the kidneys are about 12 centimeters long and five centimeters thick, and weigh 150 grams. They filter the blood and secrete water and nitrogenous waste (urea, creatinine, and so forth) in the form of urine. The medical field that studies the functions and diseases of the kidneys is called nephrology.

The kidneys are composed of nephrons. Each nephron consists of a glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, and renal tubule. There are more than a million nephrons within a healthy adult kidney. The vital function of the nephron is to remove waste from blood plasma. It also helps to maintain a normal fluid balance in the body by reabsorbing water and some electrolytes back into the blood.

Urine is formed by a process of filtration and reabsorption in the nephron. Blood enters the nephron via the arteriole. As it passes through the glomerulus, water is filtered through the glomerular membrane and collected in the Bowman’s capsule. The filtrate then passes through the proximal tubule, loop of Henle, distal tubule, and collecting tubule. Other substances, such as uric acid and hydrogen ions, are also added to the urine.

Blood gets into the nephron through the _______.

(A) glomerulus
(B) arteriole
(C) Bowman’s capsule
(D) loop of Henle

IV. Reading Comprehension: Please choose the BEST answer for each question according to the contents.

【題組共用題幹：Passage B】

Whether they’re swooping in to deliver packages or spotting victims in disaster zones, swarms of flying robots could have a range of important applications in the future, a new study found. The robots can switch from driving to flying without colliding with each other and could offer benefits beyond the traditional flying-car concepts of sci-fi lore, the study said.

Robots with similar versatility could fly over impediments on the ground or drive under overhead obstacles. But currently, robots that are good at one mode of transportation are usually bad at others, study lead author Brandon Araki, a roboticist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, and his colleagues said in their new study.

The researchers previously developed a robot named the “flying monkey” that could run and fly, as well as grasp items. However, the researchers had to program the paths the flying monkey would take; in other words, it could not find safe routes by itself.

Now, these scientists have developed flying cars that can both fly and drive through a simulated city-like setting that has parking spots, landing pads and no-fly zones. Moreover, these drones can move autonomously without colliding with each other, the researchers said. “Our vehicles can find their own safe paths,” Araki told Live Science.

The researchers took eight four-rotor “quadcopter” drones and put two small motors with wheels on the bottom of each drone, to make them capable of driving. In simulations, the robots could fly for about 295 feet (90 meters) or drive for 826 feet (252 meters) before their batteries ran out.

The roboticists developed algorithms that ensured the robots did not collide with one another. In tests in a miniature town made using everyday materials such as pieces of fabric for roads and cardboard boxes for buildings, all drones successfully navigated from a starting point to an ending point on collision-free paths. Adding the driving apparatus to each drone added weight and so slightly reduced battery life, decreasing the maximum distances the drones could fly by about 14 percent, the researchers said. Still, the scientists noted that driving remained more efficient than flying, offsetting the relatively small loss in efficiency in flying due to the added weight.

“The most important implication of our research is that vehicles that combine flying and driving have the potential to be both much more efficient and much more useful than vehicles that can only drive or only fly,” Araki said.

The scientists cautioned that fleets of automated flying taxis are likely not coming anytime soon. “Our current system of drones certainly isn’t robust enough to actually carry people right now,” Araki said. Still, these experiments with quadcopters help explore “various ideas related to flying cars,” he said.

The scientists detailed their findings on June 1 at the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers’ International Conference on Robotics and Automation in Singapore.

What is the best title for this reading passage?

(A) Hybrid driving-flying robots could go beyond the flying car
(B) Flying robot is the only choice of future transportation
(C) The importance of flying robots and flying cars
(D) Flying robots will not replace traditional flying cars

IV. Reading Comprehension: Please choose the BEST answer for each question according to the contents.

【題組共用題幹：Passage B】

Whether they’re swooping in to deliver packages or spotting victims in disaster zones, swarms of flying robots could have a range of important applications in the future, a new study found. The robots can switch from driving to flying without colliding with each other and could offer benefits beyond the traditional flying-car concepts of sci-fi lore, the study said.

Robots with similar versatility could fly over impediments on the ground or drive under overhead obstacles. But currently, robots that are good at one mode of transportation are usually bad at others, study lead author Brandon Araki, a roboticist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, and his colleagues said in their new study.

The researchers previously developed a robot named the “flying monkey” that could run and fly, as well as grasp items. However, the researchers had to program the paths the flying monkey would take; in other words, it could not find safe routes by itself.

Now, these scientists have developed flying cars that can both fly and drive through a simulated city-like setting that has parking spots, landing pads and no-fly zones. Moreover, these drones can move autonomously without colliding with each other, the researchers said. “Our vehicles can find their own safe paths,” Araki told Live Science.

The researchers took eight four-rotor “quadcopter” drones and put two small motors with wheels on the bottom of each drone, to make them capable of driving. In simulations, the robots could fly for about 295 feet (90 meters) or drive for 826 feet (252 meters) before their batteries ran out.

The roboticists developed algorithms that ensured the robots did not collide with one another. In tests in a miniature town made using everyday materials such as pieces of fabric for roads and cardboard boxes for buildings, all drones successfully navigated from a starting point to an ending point on collision-free paths. Adding the driving apparatus to each drone added weight and so slightly reduced battery life, decreasing the maximum distances the drones could fly by about 14 percent, the researchers said. Still, the scientists noted that driving remained more efficient than flying, offsetting the relatively small loss in efficiency in flying due to the added weight.

“The most important implication of our research is that vehicles that combine flying and driving have the potential to be both much more efficient and much more useful than vehicles that can only drive or only fly,” Araki said.

The scientists cautioned that fleets of automated flying taxis are likely not coming anytime soon. “Our current system of drones certainly isn’t robust enough to actually carry people right now,” Araki said. Still, these experiments with quadcopters help explore “various ideas related to flying cars,” he said.

The scientists detailed their findings on June 1 at the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers’ International Conference on Robotics and Automation in Singapore.

What can’t “flying monkey” do in this reading passage?

(A) run
(B) grasp objects
(C) find safe path by itself
(D) fly

IV. Reading Comprehension: Please choose the BEST answer for each question according to the contents.

【題組共用題幹：Passage B】

Whether they’re swooping in to deliver packages or spotting victims in disaster zones, swarms of flying robots could have a range of important applications in the future, a new study found. The robots can switch from driving to flying without colliding with each other and could offer benefits beyond the traditional flying-car concepts of sci-fi lore, the study said.

Robots with similar versatility could fly over impediments on the ground or drive under overhead obstacles. But currently, robots that are good at one mode of transportation are usually bad at others, study lead author Brandon Araki, a roboticist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, and his colleagues said in their new study.

The researchers previously developed a robot named the “flying monkey” that could run and fly, as well as grasp items. However, the researchers had to program the paths the flying monkey would take; in other words, it could not find safe routes by itself.

Now, these scientists have developed flying cars that can both fly and drive through a simulated city-like setting that has parking spots, landing pads and no-fly zones. Moreover, these drones can move autonomously without colliding with each other, the researchers said. “Our vehicles can find their own safe paths,” Araki told Live Science.

The researchers took eight four-rotor “quadcopter” drones and put two small motors with wheels on the bottom of each drone, to make them capable of driving. In simulations, the robots could fly for about 295 feet (90 meters) or drive for 826 feet (252 meters) before their batteries ran out.

The roboticists developed algorithms that ensured the robots did not collide with one another. In tests in a miniature town made using everyday materials such as pieces of fabric for roads and cardboard boxes for buildings, all drones successfully navigated from a starting point to an ending point on collision-free paths. Adding the driving apparatus to each drone added weight and so slightly reduced battery life, decreasing the maximum distances the drones could fly by about 14 percent, the researchers said. Still, the scientists noted that driving remained more efficient than flying, offsetting the relatively small loss in efficiency in flying due to the added weight.

“The most important implication of our research is that vehicles that combine flying and driving have the potential to be both much more efficient and much more useful than vehicles that can only drive or only fly,” Araki said.

The scientists cautioned that fleets of automated flying taxis are likely not coming anytime soon. “Our current system of drones certainly isn’t robust enough to actually carry people right now,” Araki said. Still, these experiments with quadcopters help explore “various ideas related to flying cars,” he said.

The scientists detailed their findings on June 1 at the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers’ International Conference on Robotics and Automation in Singapore.

What can be inferred about Brandon Araki’s attitude in this reading passage?

(A) The research on roboticists development is now completed.
(B) The flying drones will replace all the vehicles soon.
(C) The quadcopters will be his main research subject.
(D) More studies on flying drones should be carried out.

IV. Reading Comprehension: Please choose the BEST answer for each question according to the contents.

【題組共用題幹：Passage B】

Whether they’re swooping in to deliver packages or spotting victims in disaster zones, swarms of flying robots could have a range of important applications in the future, a new study found. The robots can switch from driving to flying without colliding with each other and could offer benefits beyond the traditional flying-car concepts of sci-fi lore, the study said.

Robots with similar versatility could fly over impediments on the ground or drive under overhead obstacles. But currently, robots that are good at one mode of transportation are usually bad at others, study lead author Brandon Araki, a roboticist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, and his colleagues said in their new study.

The researchers previously developed a robot named the “flying monkey” that could run and fly, as well as grasp items. However, the researchers had to program the paths the flying monkey would take; in other words, it could not find safe routes by itself.

Now, these scientists have developed flying cars that can both fly and drive through a simulated city-like setting that has parking spots, landing pads and no-fly zones. Moreover, these drones can move autonomously without colliding with each other, the researchers said. “Our vehicles can find their own safe paths,” Araki told Live Science.

The researchers took eight four-rotor “quadcopter” drones and put two small motors with wheels on the bottom of each drone, to make them capable of driving. In simulations, the robots could fly for about 295 feet (90 meters) or drive for 826 feet (252 meters) before their batteries ran out.

The roboticists developed algorithms that ensured the robots did not collide with one another. In tests in a miniature town made using everyday materials such as pieces of fabric for roads and cardboard boxes for buildings, all drones successfully navigated from a starting point to an ending point on collision-free paths. Adding the driving apparatus to each drone added weight and so slightly reduced battery life, decreasing the maximum distances the drones could fly by about 14 percent, the researchers said. Still, the scientists noted that driving remained more efficient than flying, offsetting the relatively small loss in efficiency in flying due to the added weight.

“The most important implication of our research is that vehicles that combine flying and driving have the potential to be both much more efficient and much more useful than vehicles that can only drive or only fly,” Araki said.

The scientists cautioned that fleets of automated flying taxis are likely not coming anytime soon. “Our current system of drones certainly isn’t robust enough to actually carry people right now,” Araki said. Still, these experiments with quadcopters help explore “various ideas related to flying cars,” he said.

The scientists detailed their findings on June 1 at the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers’ International Conference on Robotics and Automation in Singapore.

According to this reading passage, how did the researchers assure the safety of the flying robots?

(A) A laboratory test was conducted.
(B) It was tested in a small town.
(C) It was analyzed by a computer stimulation test.
(D) It was tested in an artificial scenario.

IV. Reading Comprehension: Please choose the BEST answer for each question according to the contents.

【題組共用題幹：Passage B】

Whether they’re swooping in to deliver packages or spotting victims in disaster zones, swarms of flying robots could have a range of important applications in the future, a new study found. The robots can switch from driving to flying without colliding with each other and could offer benefits beyond the traditional flying-car concepts of sci-fi lore, the study said.

Robots with similar versatility could fly over impediments on the ground or drive under overhead obstacles. But currently, robots that are good at one mode of transportation are usually bad at others, study lead author Brandon Araki, a roboticist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, and his colleagues said in their new study.

The researchers previously developed a robot named the “flying monkey” that could run and fly, as well as grasp items. However, the researchers had to program the paths the flying monkey would take; in other words, it could not find safe routes by itself.

Now, these scientists have developed flying cars that can both fly and drive through a simulated city-like setting that has parking spots, landing pads and no-fly zones. Moreover, these drones can move autonomously without colliding with each other, the researchers said. “Our vehicles can find their own safe paths,” Araki told Live Science.

The researchers took eight four-rotor “quadcopter” drones and put two small motors with wheels on the bottom of each drone, to make them capable of driving. In simulations, the robots could fly for about 295 feet (90 meters) or drive for 826 feet (252 meters) before their batteries ran out.

The roboticists developed algorithms that ensured the robots did not collide with one another. In tests in a miniature town made using everyday materials such as pieces of fabric for roads and cardboard boxes for buildings, all drones successfully navigated from a starting point to an ending point on collision-free paths. Adding the driving apparatus to each drone added weight and so slightly reduced battery life, decreasing the maximum distances the drones could fly by about 14 percent, the researchers said. Still, the scientists noted that driving remained more efficient than flying, offsetting the relatively small loss in efficiency in flying due to the added weight.

“The most important implication of our research is that vehicles that combine flying and driving have the potential to be both much more efficient and much more useful than vehicles that can only drive or only fly,” Araki said.

The scientists cautioned that fleets of automated flying taxis are likely not coming anytime soon. “Our current system of drones certainly isn’t robust enough to actually carry people right now,” Araki said. Still, these experiments with quadcopters help explore “various ideas related to flying cars,” he said.

The scientists detailed their findings on June 1 at the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers’ International Conference on Robotics and Automation in Singapore.

What can be inferred about scientists’ attitude toward the drones in the sixth paragraph?

(A) They concern the balance of weight putting on the drones.
(B) They suggest that drones are the safest way of flying in the future.
(C) Flying monkey is still the best flying robot among the others.
(D) Drones will never collide with one another.

Please write in at least 250 words a well-organized essay to express your opinion on “Chinese Philosophy and Chinese Medicine”.